Small changes of dietary (n-6) and (n-3)/fatty acid content ratio alter phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine fatty acid composition during development of neuronal and glial cells in rats

Journal of Nutrition

Volumn 127, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 724-731

  Jumpsen, Jacqueline ^a   Lien, Eric L ^b   Goh, Yeow K ^a   Clandinin, M Thomas ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^b WYETH AYERST RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

brain; development; fatty acid; glia; neurons; phospholipid; rats

Indexed keywords

OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; OMEGA 6 FATTY ACID; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE; PHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMINE;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BRAIN DEVELOPMENT; CONTROLLED STUDY; FAT INTAKE; GLIA; LIPID COMPOSITION; NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT; NONHUMAN; RAT;

EID: 0030915972     PISSN: 00223166     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jn/127.5.724     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Alling, C., Bruce, A., Karlsson, I. & Svennerholm, L. (1974) The effects of different dietary levels of essential fatty acids on lipids of rat cerebellum during maturation. J. Neurochem. 23: 1263-1270.
2. Anderson, G. J., Connor, W. E. & Corliss, J. D. (1990) Docosahexaenoic acid is the preferred dietary ω-3 fatty acid for development of the brain and retina. Pediatr. Res. 27: 89-97.
3. Anding, R. A. & Hwang, D. H. (1986) Effects of dietary linolenate on the fatty acid composition of brain lipids in rats. Lipids 21: 697-701.
4. Balazs, P., Lewis, P. D. & Patel, A. J. (1975) Effects of metabolic factors in brain development. In: Growth and Development of the Brain (Brazier M. A. ed) pp. 83-115. Raven Press, New York, NY.
5. Bazan, N. G. (1990) Supply of polyunsaturated fatty acids and their significance in the central nervous system. In: Nutrition and the Brain (Wurtman R. J. & Wurtman J. J., eds.) vol. 8, pp. 1 -24. Raven Press, New York, NY.
6. Bourre, J. M., Bonneil, M., Dumont, O., Piciotti, M., Calaf, R., Portugal, H., Nalbone, G. & Lafont, H. (1990a) Effect of increasing amounts of dietary fatty acids on brain and liver fatty acid composition. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1043: 149-152.
7. Bourre, J. M., Bonneil, M., Dumont, O., Piciotti, M., Nalbone, G. & Lafont, H. (1988) High dietary fish oil alters the brain polyunsaturated fatty acid composition. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 960: 458-461.
8. Bourre, J. M., Francis, M., Youyou, A., Dumont, O., Piciotti, M., Pascal, G. & Durand, G. (1989) The effects of dietary α-linolenic acid on the composition of nerve membranes, enzymatic activity, amplitude of electrophysiological parameters, resistance to poisons and performance of learning tasks in rats. J. Nutr. 119: 1880-1892.
9. Bourre, J. M., Pascal, G., Durand, G., Masson, M., Dumont, O. & Piciotti, M. (1984) Alterations in fatty acid composition of rat brain cells (neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrites) and of subcellular fractions (myelin and synaptosomes) induced by a diet devoid of n-3 fatty acids. J. Neurochem. 43: 342-348.
10. Bourre, J. M., Piciotti, M., Dumont, O., Pascal, G. & Durand, G. (1990b) Dietary linolenic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids in rat brain and other organs. Minimal requirements of linoleic acid. Lipids 25: 465-472.
11. Carlson, S. E., Carver, J. D. & House, S. G. (1986) High fat diets varying in ratios of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids and linoleic to linolenic acid: A comparison of rat neural and red cell membrane phospholipids. J. Nutr. 116: 718-725.
12. Clandinin, M. T., Chappell, J. E., Leong, S., Heim, T., Swyer, P. R. & Chance, G. W. (1980a) Extrauterine fatty acid accretion in infant brain: Implications for fatty acid requirements. Early Human Dev. 4: 131-138.
13. Clandinin, M. T., Chappell, J. E., Leong, S., Heim, T., Swyer, P. R. & Chance, G. W. (1980b) Intrauterine fatty acid accretion rates in human brain: Implications for fatty acid requirements. Early Human Dev. 4: 121-129.
14. Clandinin, M. T., Chappell, J. E., Heim, T., Swyer, P. R. & Chance, G. W. (1981) Fatty acid utilization in perinatal de novo synthesis of tissues. Early Human Dev. 5: 355-366.
15. Clandinin, M. T., Chappell, J. E. & Heim, T. (1982) Do low birth weight infants require nutrition with chain elongation-desaturation products of essential fatty acids? Prog. Lipid Res. 20: 901-904.
16. Clandinin, M. T., Chapped, J. E. & Van Aerde, J. E. E. (1989) Requirements of newborn infants for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Acta Paediatr. Scand. 351: 63-71.
17. Clandinin, M. T. & Yamashiro, S. (1980) Effects of basal diet composition on the incidence of dietary fat induced myocardial lesions, J. Nutr. 110: 1197-1203.
18. Cook, H. W. (1978) In vitro formation of polyunsaturated fatty acids by desaturation in rat brain: Some properties of the enzymes in developing brain and comparisons with liver. J. Neurochem. 30: 1327-1334.
19. Cook, H. (1982) Chain elongation in the formation of PUFA by brain: Some properties of the microsomal system. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 214: 695-704.
20. Das, G. D. (1977) Gliogenesis during embryonic development in the rat. Experientia 33: 1648-1649.
21. Dhopeshwarkar, G. A. & Subramanian, C. (1976) Biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the developing brain: I. Metabolic transformations of intracranially administered 1-14C linolenic acid. Lipids 11: 67-71.
22. Folch, J., Lees, M. & Sloane-Stanley, G. H. (1957) A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226: 497-509.
23. Foot, M., Cruz, T. F. & Clandinin, M. T. (1982) Influence of dietary fat on lipid composition of rat brain synaptosomal and microsomal membranes. Biochem. J. 208: 631-641.
24. Greenwood, C. E. & Craig, R.E.A. (1987) In: Basic and Clinical Aspects of Nutrition and Brain Development (Rassin D. K., Haber B. & Drujan B., eds.) pp. 159-216. Alan R. Liss Inc., New York, NY.
25. Hargreaves, K. M. & Clandinin, M. T. (1987) Phosphatidylethanolamine rnethyltransferase: evidence for influence of diet fat on selectivity of substrate for methylation in rat brain synaptic plasma membrane. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 918: 97-105.
26. Hargreaves, K. M. & Clandinin, M. T. (1988) Dietary control of diacyl phosphatidylethanolamine species in brain. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 962: 98-104.
27. Harlow, E. & Lane, D. (1988) Antibodies, a Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York.
28. Innis, S. E. (1992) Effects of current infant formula on brain and retinal lipid development. Effect of formula with 2% 18:3n-3 on n-6 and n-3 fatty acid status of low birthweight infants. In: Essential Fatty Acids and Infant Nutrition (Ghisolfi J. & Putet G., eds.), Pp. 31-43. John Libbey Eurotext, Paris.
29. Jensen, R. G. (1989) The Lipids of Human Milk, pp. 93-151. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
30. Kotetzko, B., Schmidt, E., Bremer, H. J., Haug, M. & Harzer, G. (1987) Dietary long-chain polyunsaturates for premature infants (letter). J. Pediatr. Gasteroenterol. Nutr. 6: 997-998.
31. Kotetzko, B. (1992) Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diets of premature infants. In: Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Nutrition, Nestle Ltd., Workshop Series, vol. 28, pp. 135-146. Raven Press, New York, NY.
32. Lien, E. L, Boyle, F. G., Yuhas, R. J. & Kuhlman, C. F. (1994) Effect of maternal dietary arachidonic or linoleic acid on rat pup fatty acid profiles. Lipids 29, 53-59.
33. Lowry, O. H., Rosenbrough, W. J., Fair, A. L. & Randall, R. J. (1957) Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 93: 265-275.
34. Martinez, M. (1989) Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in relation to neural development. In: Dietary n-3 and n-6 Fatty Acids: Biological Effects and Nutritional Essentiality (Gall C. & Simopoulos A. P., eds.), pp. 123-133. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
35. Martinez, M. & Ballabriga, A. (1987) Effects of parenteral nutrition with high doses of linoleate on the developing human liver and brain. Lipids 22: 133-138.
36. Martinez, M., Conde, C., & Ballabriga, A. (1974) Some chemical aspects of human brain development: II. Phosphoglyceride fatty acids. Pediatr. Res. 8: 93-102.
37. Mead, J. F. (1975) Lipid composition and brain function. In: The Essential Fatty Acids. Proceedings of the Miles Symposium 1975 (Hawkins W. W., ed.), pp. 73-87. The Nutrition Society of Canada, Miles Laboratories Ltd., Rexdale, Ontario.
38. Mohrhauer, H. & Holman, R. T. (1963) Alteration of the fatty acid composition of brain lipids by varying levels of dietary essential fatty acids. J. Neurochem. 10: 523-530.
39. Morgane, P. J., Austin-LaFrance, R., Bronzino, J., Tonkiss, J., Diaz-Cintra, S., Kemper, T. & Galler, J. R. (1993) Prenatal malnutrition and development of the brain. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 17: 91-128.
40. Moore, S. A., Yoder, E. & Spector, A. A. (1990) Role of the blood-brain barrier in the formation of long-chain ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids from essential fatty acid precursors. J. Neurochem. 55: 391-402.
41. Morrison, W. R. & Smith, L. M. (1964) Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters and di-methyl acetals from lipids with boron trifluoride-methanol. J. Lipid. Res. 5: 600-608.
42. Neuringer, M., Connor, W. E., Lin, D. S., Barstad, L. & Luck, S. (1986) Biochemical and functional effects of prenatal and postnatal ω-3 fatty acid deficiency on retina and brain in rhesus monkeys. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83: 4021-4025.
43. Purvis, J. M., Clandinin, M. T. & Hacker, R. (1982) Fatty acid accretion during perinatal brain growth in the pig. A model for fatty acid accretion in human brain. J. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 72B: 195-199.
44. Rioux, F. M. & Innis, S. M. (1992) Arachidonic acid concentrations in plasma and liver phospholipid and cholesterol esters of piglets raised on formulas with different linoleic and linolenic acid contents. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 56: 106-112.
45. Rouser, G., Kritchevsky, G. & Yamamoto, A. (1976) Column Chromatographic and associated procedures for separation and determination of phosphatides and glycolipids. In: Lipid Chromatographic Analysis (Marinetti G. V., ed), vol. 3, pp. 713-776. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, NY.
46. Sanders, T.A.B. & Raha, S. K. (1987) Comparison of the metabolism of linoleic and linolenic acids in the fetal rat. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 31: 349-353.
47. Selivonchick, D. P. & Roots, B. I. (1974) Isolated brain capillary endothelia: Influence of various levels of essential fatty acids on the acyl group composition of glycerophospholipids. Lipids 14: 66-69.
48. Sellinger, O. Z. & Azcurra, J. M. (1974) Bulk separation of neuronal cell bodies and glial cells in the absence of added digestive enzymes. In: Research Methods in Neurochemistry (Marks, N. & Rodnight, R., eds.), pp. 3-38. Plenum Press, New York, NY.
49. Sinclair, A. J. (1975) Incorporation of radioactive polyunsaturated fatty acids into liver and brain of developing rat. Lipids 10: 175-184.
50. Sprecher, H. (1991) Enzyme activities affecting tissue lipid fatty acid composition. World Rev. Nutr. Diet 66: 166-167.
51. Sun, G. Y. & Foudin, L. L. (1985) Phospholipid Composition and Metabolism in the Developing and Aging Nervous System. In: Phospholipids in Nervous Tissue (Eichberg J., ed.), pp. 79-134. Wiley and Sons, New York, NY.
52. Ulmann, L., Blond, J. P., Maniongui, C. & Poisson, J. P. (1991) Effects of age and dietary essential fatty acids on desaturase activities and on fatty acid composition of liver microsomal phospholipids of adult rats. Lipids 26: 127-133.
53. Vitiello, F., Clos, J., Di Benedetta, C. & Gombos, G. (1989) Developing rat cerebellum - III. Effects of abnormal thyroid states and undernutrition on gangliosides. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 7: 335-341.
54. Zevenbergen, J. L. & Houtsmuller, U. M. (1989) Effect of dietary fats on linoleic acid metabolism: A radiolabel study in rats. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1002: 312-323.