메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 127, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 1229-1242

Description of a model integrating protein and energy metabolism in preruminant calves

Author keywords

computer simulation; energy metabolism; mathematical model; protein metabolism; veal calves

Indexed keywords

ACETYL COENZYME A; AMINO ACID; FAT; FATTY ACID; GLUCOSE;

EID: 0030914711     PISSN: 00223166     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jn/127.6.1229     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (27)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 0003455233 scopus 로고
    • Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Berks, UK
    • Agricultural Research Council (1980) Nutrient Requirements of Ruminant Livestock. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Berks, UK.
    • (1980) Nutrient Requirements of Ruminant Livestock
  • 2
    • 0023292680 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of the lactattng cow. I. Animal elements of a mechanistic model
    • Baldwin, R. L., France, J. & Gill, M. (1987) Metabolism of the lactattng cow. I. Animal elements of a mechanistic model. J. Dairy Res. 54: 77-105.
    • (1987) J. Dairy Res. , vol.54 , pp. 77-105
    • Baldwin, R.L.1    France, J.2    Gill, M.3
  • 3
    • 0001963473 scopus 로고
    • Speculation on the control of nutrient partition between wool growth and other body functions
    • Black, J. L. & Reis, P. J., eds. University of New England Publishing Unit, Armidale, Australia
    • Black, J. L & Reis, P. J. (1979) Speculation on the control of nutrient partition between wool growth and other body functions. In: Physiological and Environmental Limitations to Wool Growth (Black, J. L. & Reis, P. J., eds.), pp. 269-293. University of New England Publishing Unit, Armidale, Australia.
    • (1979) Physiological and Environmental Limitations to Wool Growth , pp. 269-293
    • Black, J.L.1    Reis, P.J.2
  • 4
    • 3042564498 scopus 로고
    • Digestion, absorption and transport of fats: General principles
    • Wiseman, J., ed., Butterworths, London, UK
    • Brindley, D. N. (1984) Digestion, absorption and transport of fats: general principles. In: Fats in Animal Nutrition (Wiseman, J., ed.), pp. 85-103 Butterworths, London, UK.
    • (1984) Fats in Animal Nutrition , pp. 85-103
    • Brindley, D.N.1
  • 5
    • 0025022012 scopus 로고
    • Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: Endogenous excretion, differences between cattle and sheep
    • Chen, X. B., ørskov, E. R. & Novell, F.D.DeB. (1990) Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: endogenous excretion, differences between cattle and sheep. Br. J. Nutr. 63: 121-129.
    • (1990) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.63 , pp. 121-129
    • Chen, X.B.1    Ørskov, E.R.2    Novell, F.D.DeB.3
  • 6
    • 84984320180 scopus 로고
    • A simulation model to evaluate the time-quantity response in specialized white veal production
    • Clark, J. H., Sturgess, N. H., Witton, J. W. & Stone, P. M. (1978) A simulation model to evaluate the time-quantity response in specialized white veal production. Can. J. Agric. Econ. 26: 1-17.
    • (1978) Can. J. Agric. Econ. , vol.26 , pp. 1-17
    • Clark, J.H.1    Sturgess, N.H.2    Witton, J.W.3    Stone, P.M.4
  • 7
    • 0025441783 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen metabolism and somatotropin secretion in beef heifers receiving abomasal arginine infusions
    • Davenport, G. M., Boling, J. A. &Schillo, K. K. (1990) Nitrogen metabolism and somatotropin secretion in beef heifers receiving abomasal arginine infusions. J. Anim. Sci. 68: 1683-1692.
    • (1990) J. Anim. Sci. , vol.68 , pp. 1683-1692
    • Davenport, G.M.1    Boling, J.A.2    Schillo, K.K.3
  • 8
    • 38249026154 scopus 로고
    • Simulation of DNA, protein and fat accretion in growing steers
    • Di Marco, O. N., Baldwin, R. L. & Calvert, C. C. (1989) Simulation of DNA, protein and fat accretion in growing steers. Agric. Systems 29: 21-34.
    • (1989) Agric. Systems , vol.29 , pp. 21-34
    • Di Marco, O.N.1    Baldwin, R.L.2    Calvert, C.C.3
  • 9
    • 0025653724 scopus 로고
    • Growth and metabolism in somatotropin-treated steers: 111. Protein synthesis and tissue energy expenditures
    • Early, R. J., McBride, B.W. & Ball, R. O. (1990) Growth and metabolism in somatotropin-treated steers: 111. Protein synthesis and tissue energy expenditures. J. Anim. Sci. 68: 4153-4166.
    • (1990) J. Anim. Sci. , vol.68 , pp. 4153-4166
    • Early, R.J.1    McBride, B.W.2    Ball, R.O.3
  • 10
    • 84971871477 scopus 로고
    • A model of nutrient utilization and body composition in beef cattle
    • France, J., Gill, M., Thomley, J.H.M. & England, P. (1987) A model of nutrient utilization and body composition in beef cattle. Anim. Prod. 44: 371-385.
    • (1987) Anim. Prod. , vol.44 , pp. 371-385
    • France, J.1    Gill, M.2    Thomley, J.H.M.3    England, P.4
  • 11
    • 0000132976 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid requirements for maintenance, body protein accretion and reproduction in pigs
    • D'Mello, J.P.F., ed. CAB International, Oxon, UK
    • Fuller, M. F. (1994) Amino acid requirements for maintenance, body protein accretion and reproduction in pigs. In: Amino Acids in Farm Animal Nutrition (D'Mello, J.P.F., ed.), pp. 155-184. CAB International, Oxon, UK.
    • (1994) Amino Acids in Farm Animal Nutrition , pp. 155-184
    • Fuller, M.F.1
  • 12
    • 0024461029 scopus 로고
    • The optimum dietary amino acid pattern for growing pigs: 2. Requirements for maintenance and for tissue protein accretion
    • Fuller, M. F., McWilliam, R., Wang, T. C. & Giles, L. R. (1989) The optimum dietary amino acid pattern for growing pigs: 2. Requirements for maintenance and for tissue protein accretion. Br. J. Nutr. 62: 255-267.
    • (1989) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.62 , pp. 255-267
    • Fuller, M.F.1    McWilliam, R.2    Wang, T.C.3    Giles, L.R.4
  • 13
  • 14
    • 0030237907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of protein and protein-free energy intake on protein and fat deposition rates in preruminant calves of 80-240 kg live weight
    • Gen-its, W.J.J., Tolman, G. H., Schrama, J. W., Tamminga, S., Bosch, M. W. & Versiegen, M.W.A. (1996) Effect of protein and protein-free energy intake on protein and fat deposition rates in preruminant calves of 80-240 kg live weight. J. Anim. Sci. 74: 2129-2139.
    • (1996) J. Anim. Sci. , vol.74 , pp. 2129-2139
    • Gen-its, W.J.J.1    Tolman, G.H.2    Schrama, J.W.3    Tamminga, S.4    Bosch, M.W.5    Versiegen, M.W.A.6
  • 15
    • 84974327488 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical bases needed for the mathematical representation of whole animal metabolism
    • Gill, M., Beever, D. E. & France, J. (1989a) Biochemical bases needed for the mathematical representation of whole animal metabolism. Nutr. Res. Rev. 2: 181-200.
    • (1989) Nutr. Res. Rev. , vol.2 , pp. 181-200
    • Gill, M.1    Beever, D.E.2    France, J.3
  • 17
    • 0009872560 scopus 로고
    • Efficiency of utilization of amino acids
    • Friedman, M., ed. CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL
    • Heger, J. & Frydrych, Z. (1989) Efficiency of utilization of amino acids. In: Absorption and Utilization of Amino Acids (Friedman, M., ed.), Vol. 1, pp. 3156. CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL.
    • (1989) Absorption and Utilization of Amino Acids , vol.1 , pp. 3156
    • Heger, J.1    Frydrych, Z.2
  • 19
    • 0025482610 scopus 로고
    • Myofibrillar protein turn over in feed-restricted and realimented beef cattle
    • Jones, S. J., Starkey, D. L., Calkins, C. R. & Grouse, J. D. (1990) Myofibrillar protein turn over in feed-restricted and realimented beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 68: 2707-2715.
    • (1990) J. Anim. Sci. , vol.68 , pp. 2707-2715
    • Jones, S.J.1    Starkey, D.L.2    Calkins, C.R.3    Grouse, J.D.4
  • 20
    • 0000102931 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the Kjeldahl factor for conversion of the nitrogen content of milk and milk products to protein content
    • Karman, A. H. & van Boekel, M.A.J.S. (1986) Evaluation of the Kjeldahl factor for conversion of the nitrogen content of milk and milk products to protein content. Neth. Milk Dairy J. 40: 315-336.
    • (1986) Neth. Milk Dairy J. , vol.40 , pp. 315-336
    • Karman, A.H.1    Van Boekel, M.A.J.S.2
  • 21
    • 0016873527 scopus 로고
    • Futile cycles in the metabolism of glucose
    • Horecker, B. & Stadman, E., eds. Academic Press, New York, NY
    • Katz, J. & Rognstad, R. (1976) Futile cycles in the metabolism of glucose. In: Current Topics in Cellular Regulation (Horecker, B. & Stadman, E., eds.), no. 10, pp. 237-289. Academic Press, New York, NY,
    • (1976) Current Topics in Cellular Regulation , Issue.10 , pp. 237-289
    • Katz, J.1    Rognstad, R.2
  • 22
    • 0346978306 scopus 로고
    • Changes in ruminal and intestinal digestion during and after weaning in dairy calves fed concentrate diets containing pea or soya bean meal. 2. Amino acid composition and flow of duodenal and ileal digesta, and blood levels of free amino acids
    • Lallès, J. P., Toullec, R., Patureau-Mirand, P. & Poncet, C. (1990) Changes in ruminal and intestinal digestion during and after weaning in dairy calves fed concentrate diets containing pea or soya bean meal. 2. Amino acid composition and flow of duodenal and ileal digesta, and blood levels of free amino acids. Livest. Prod. Sci. 24: 143-159.
    • (1990) Livest. Prod. Sci. , vol.24 , pp. 143-159
    • Lallès, J.P.1    Toullec, R.2    Patureau-Mirand, P.3    Poncet, C.4
  • 23
    • 0025086193 scopus 로고
    • Lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in intestinal lymph of the preruminant calf, Bos spp., at peak lipid absorption
    • Laplaud, P. M., Bauchart, D., Durand, D. & Chapman, J. M. (1990) Lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in intestinal lymph of the preruminant calf, Bos spp., at peak lipid absorption. J. Lipid Res. 31: 1781-1792.
    • (1990) J. Lipid Res. , vol.31 , pp. 1781-1792
    • Laplaud, P.M.1    Bauchart, D.2    Durand, D.3    Chapman, J.M.4
  • 24
    • 0009334461 scopus 로고
    • Urinary allantoin excretion and digestible organic matter intake in dairy goats
    • Lindberg, J. E. (1985) Urinary allantoin excretion and digestible organic matter intake in dairy goats. Swedish J. Agric. Res. 15: 31-37.
    • (1985) Swedish J. Agric. Res. , vol.15 , pp. 31-37
    • Lindberg, J.E.1
  • 25
    • 0029053443 scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-term protein excess or deficiency on whole-body protein turnover in sheep nourished by intragastric infusion of nutrients
    • Liu, S. M., Lobley, G. E., MacLeod, N. A., Kyle, D. J., Chen, X. B. & ørskov, E. R. (1995) Effects of long-term protein excess or deficiency on whole-body protein turnover in sheep nourished by intragastric infusion of nutrients. Br. J. Nutr. 73: 829-839.
    • (1995) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.73 , pp. 829-839
    • Liu, S.M.1    Lobley, G.E.2    MacLeod, N.A.3    Kyle, D.J.4    Chen, X.B.5    Ørskov, E.R.6
  • 26
    • 0021154370 scopus 로고
    • The energy equivalents of ATP and the energy values of food proteins and fats
    • Livesey, G. (1984) The energy equivalents of ATP and the energy values of food proteins and fats. Br. J. Nutr. 51: 15-28.
    • (1984) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.51 , pp. 15-28
    • Livesey, G.1
  • 27
    • 0025230483 scopus 로고
    • Energy metabolism reactions in ruminant muscle: Responses to age, nutrition and hormonal status
    • Lobley, G. E. (1990) Energy metabolism reactions in ruminant muscle: responses to age, nutrition and hormonal status. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 30: 13-34.
    • (1990) Reprod. Nutr. Dev. , vol.30 , pp. 13-34
    • Lobley, G.E.1
  • 29
    • 15644362817 scopus 로고
    • Nutritional responses of calves fed milk or a milk replacer
    • Lynch, G. P., Pike, T. L. & Bond, J. (1978) Nutritional responses of calves fed milk or a milk replacer. J. Dairy Sci. 61: 212-220.
    • (1978) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.61 , pp. 212-220
    • Lynch, G.P.1    Pike, T.L.2    Bond, J.3
  • 30
    • 0019571083 scopus 로고
    • Stoichiometry and coupling of active transport to oxidative metabolism in epithelial tissues
    • Mandel, L.J. & Balaban, R. S. (1981) Stoichiometry and coupling of active transport to oxidative metabolism in epithelial tissues. Am. J. Physiol. 240: F357-F371.
    • (1981) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.240
    • Mandel, L.J.1    Balaban, R.S.2
  • 31
    • 0003019568 scopus 로고
    • The energy cost of urea synthesis in sheep
    • Blaxter, K. L., ed. Academic Press, London, UK
    • Martin, A. K. & Btaxter, K. L. (1965) The energy cost of urea synthesis in sheep. In: Energy Metabolism (Blaxter, K. L., ed.), pp. 83-91. Academic Press, London, UK.
    • (1965) Energy Metabolism , pp. 83-91
    • Martin, A.K.1    Btaxter, K.L.2
  • 32
    • 0025483397 scopus 로고
    • Energy cost of absorption and metabolism in the ruminant gastrointestinal tract and liver: A review
    • McBride, B. W. & Kelly. J. M. (1990) Energy cost of absorption and metabolism in the ruminant gastrointestinal tract and liver: a review, J. Anim. Sci. 68: 2997-3010.
    • (1990) J. Anim. Sci. , vol.68 , pp. 2997-3010
    • McBride, B.W.1    Kelly, J.M.2
  • 33
    • 0016777299 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid profile of bovine bone during growth
    • Mello, F. C., Jr., Field, R. A. & Chang, Y. O. (1975) Amino acid profile of bovine bone during growth. Growth 39: 241 -249.
    • (1975) Growth , vol.39 , pp. 241-249
    • Mello Jr., F.C.1    Field, R.A.2    Chang, Y.O.3
  • 34
    • 0022778970 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of plasma free-fatty-acid and blood-glycerol concentrations with measurement of lipofysis in porcine adipose tissue in vitro
    • Mersmann, H. J. (1986) Comparison of plasma free-fatty-acid and blood-glycerol concentrations with measurement of lipofysis in porcine adipose tissue in vitro. J. Anim. Sci. 63: 757-769.
    • (1986) J. Anim. Sci. , vol.63 , pp. 757-769
    • Mersmann, H.J.1
  • 35
    • 0022137012 scopus 로고
    • Shifts in animal energy requirements across physiological and alimentational states; energy costs of ion pumping by animal tissues
    • Milligan, L P. & McBride, B. W. (1985) Shifts in animal energy requirements across physiological and alimentational states; energy costs of ion pumping by animal tissues. J. Nutr. 115: 1374-1382.
    • (1985) J. Nutr. , vol.115 , pp. 1374-1382
    • Milligan, L.P.1    McBride, B.W.2
  • 36
    • 38249023887 scopus 로고
    • The nutritional regulation of muscle growth and protein turnover
    • Millward, D. J. (1989) The nutritional regulation of muscle growth and protein turnover. Aquaculture 79: 1-28.
    • (1989) Aquaculture , vol.79 , pp. 1-28
    • Millward, D.J.1
  • 37
    • 15644378041 scopus 로고
    • Advanced Continuous Simulation Language
    • Mitchell and Gauthier Associates, Concord, MA
    • Mitchell, E. L. & Gauthier, J. (1981) Advanced Continuous Simulation Language. User Guide/Reference Manual, 3rd ed. Mitchell and Gauthier Associates, Concord, MA.
    • (1981) User Guide/Reference Manual, 3rd Ed.
    • Mitchell, E.L.1    Gauthier, J.2
  • 38
    • 0039638042 scopus 로고
    • Modelling amino acid absorption and metabolism in the growing pig
    • D'Mello, J.P.F., ed. CAB International, Oxon, UK
    • Moughan, P. J. (1994) Modelling amino acid absorption and metabolism in the growing pig. In: Amino Acids in Farm Animal Nutrition (D'Mello, J.P.F., ed.), pp. 133-154. CAB International, Oxon, UK.
    • (1994) Amino Acids in Farm Animal Nutrition , pp. 133-154
    • Moughan, P.J.1
  • 40
    • 84974510183 scopus 로고
    • Carcass, soft tissue and bone composition of early and late maturing steers fed two diets in two housing types and serially slaughtered over a wide weight range
    • Nour, Y.A.M. & Thonney, M. L. (1987) Carcass, soft tissue and bone composition of early and late maturing steers fed two diets in two housing types and serially slaughtered over a wide weight range. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.) 109: 345-355.
    • (1987) J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.) , vol.109 , pp. 345-355
    • Nour, Y.A.M.1    Thonney, M.L.2
  • 41
    • 0002181970 scopus 로고
    • Development of a dynamic model of beef cattle growth and composition
    • Oltjen, J. W., Bywater, A. C., Baldwin, R. L. & Garret, W. N. (1986) Development of a dynamic model of beef cattle growth and composition. J. Anim. Sci. 62: 86-97.
    • (1986) J. Anim. Sci. , vol.62 , pp. 86-97
    • Oltjen, J.W.1    Bywater, A.C.2    Baldwin, R.L.3    Garret, W.N.4
  • 42
    • 0027030283 scopus 로고
    • A mathematical integration of energy and amino acid metabolism of lactating sows
    • Pettigrew, J. E., Gill, M., France, J. & Close, W. H., (1992) A mathematical integration of energy and amino acid metabolism of lactating sows. J. Anim, Sci. 70: 3742-3761.
    • (1992) J. Anim, Sci. , vol.70 , pp. 3742-3761
    • Pettigrew, J.E.1    Gill, M.2    France, J.3    Close, W.H.4
  • 43
  • 44
    • 0021997433 scopus 로고
    • Proteolysis of mitochondria in reticulocytes during maturation is ubiquitin-dependent and is accompanied by a high rate of ATP hydrolysis
    • Rapoport, S., Dubiel, W. & Müller, M. (1985) Proteolysis of mitochondria in reticulocytes during maturation is ubiquitin-dependent and is accompanied by a high rate of ATP hydrolysis. FEBS Lett. 180: 249-252.
    • (1985) FEBS Lett. , vol.180 , pp. 249-252
    • Rapoport, S.1    Dubiel, W.2    Müller, M.3
  • 45
    • 0011528698 scopus 로고
    • The energy cost of protein deposition
    • Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on Energy Metabolism (Wenk, C. & Boessinger, M., eds.), Kartause lttingen, Switzerland
    • Reeds, P. J. (1991) The energy cost of protein deposition. In: Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on Energy Metabolism (Wenk, C. & Boessinger, M., eds.), E.A.A.P. publ. no. 58: 473-479, Kartause lttingen, Switzerland.
    • (1991) E.A.A.P. Publ. No. 58 , vol.58 , pp. 473-479
    • Reeds, P.J.1
  • 46
    • 15644362469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of abomasal casein infusion on nitrogen and amino acid absorption and utilization in growing steers
    • Protein Metabolism and Nutrition (Nunes, A. F., Portugal, A. V., Costa, J. P. & Ribeiro, J. R., eds.), Vale de Santarém, Portugal
    • Robinson, T. F., Beermann, D. H., Syrern, T. M., Fox, D. G. & Ross, D. E. (1996) Effects of abomasal casein infusion on nitrogen and amino acid absorption and utilization in growing steers. In: Protein Metabolism and Nutrition (Nunes, A. F., Portugal, A. V., Costa, J. P. & Ribeiro, J. R., eds.), E.A.A.P. publ. no. 81: 153-156, Vale de Santarém, Portugal.
    • (1996) E.A.A.P. Publ. No. 81 , vol.81 , pp. 153-156
    • Robinson, T.F.1    Beermann, D.H.2    Syrern, T.M.3    Fox, D.G.4    Ross, D.E.5
  • 48
    • 15644372333 scopus 로고
    • Doctoral thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
    • Schrama, J. W. (1993) Energy Metabolism of Young, Unadapted Calves. Doctoral thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
    • (1993) Energy Metabolism of Young, Unadapted Calves
    • Schrama, J.W.1
  • 49
    • 0017797608 scopus 로고
    • Simulation of energy metabolism in the simple-stomached animal
    • Schulz, A. R. (1978) Simulation of energy metabolism in the simple-stomached animal. Br. J. Nutr. 39: 235-254.
    • (1978) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.39 , pp. 235-254
    • Schulz, A.R.1
  • 51
    • 0024780676 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the functions of the intestinal brush-border membrane dun'ng the develop. ment of the ruminant habit in lambs
    • Shirazi-Beechey, S. P., Kemp, R. B., Dyer J. & Beechey, R. B. (1989) Changes in the functions of the intestinal brush-border membrane dun'ng the develop. ment of the ruminant habit in lambs. Comp. Biochern. Physiol. 948: 801-806.
    • (1989) Comp. Biochern. Physiol. , vol.948 , pp. 801-806
    • Shirazi-Beechey, S.P.1    Kemp, R.B.2    Dyer, J.3    Beechey, R.B.4
  • 52
    • 0000013447 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of proteins and amino acids
    • Bock, H. D., Eggum, B. O., Low, A. G., Simon. O. & Zebrowska, T., eds. Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin, Germany
    • Simon, O. (1989) Metabolism of proteins and amino acids. In: Protein Metabolism in Farm Animals (Bock, H. D., Eggum, B. O., Low, A. G., Simon. O. & Zebrowska, T., eds.), pp. 273-366. Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin, Germany.
    • (1989) Protein Metabolism in Farm Animals , pp. 273-366
    • Simon, O.1
  • 54
    • 0026467692 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen and lipid metabolism in heifers fed at increasing levels of intake
    • Smith, S. B., Prior, R. L., Koong, L. J. & Mersmann, H. J. (1992) Nitrogen and lipid metabolism in heifers fed at increasing levels of intake. J. Anim. Sci. 70: 152-160.
    • (1992) J. Anim. Sci. , vol.70 , pp. 152-160
    • Smith, S.B.1    Prior, R.L.2    Koong, L.J.3    Mersmann, H.J.4
  • 55
    • 0004155427 scopus 로고
    • Freeman and Company, San Francisco CA
    • Stryer, L. (1981) Biochemistry, 2nd ed. Freeman and Company, San Francisco CA.
    • (1981) Biochemistry, 2nd Ed.
    • Stryer, L.1
  • 56
    • 0007391361 scopus 로고
    • Components of basal energy expenditure
    • Dobson, A. & Dobson, M. J., eds. Cornell Publishing Associates Ithaca, NY
    • Summers, M., McBride, B. W. & Milligan, L. P. (1986) Components of basal energy expenditure. In: Aspects of Digestive Physiology in Ruminants (Dobson, A. & Dobson, M. J., eds.), pp. 257-285. Cornell Publishing Associates Ithaca, NY.
    • (1986) Aspects of Digestive Physiology in Ruminants , pp. 257-285
    • Summers, M.1    McBride, B.W.2    Milligan, L.P.3
  • 57
    • 0002608484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous nitrogen and amino acid flow in the terminal ileum of veal calves and the true ileal digestibility of skim milk, soluble wheat and soya isolate proteins
    • 12-13 September 1995, Le Mans, France
    • Tolman, G. H. & Beelen, G. M. (1996) Endogenous nitrogen and amino acid flow in the terminal ileum of veal calves and the true ileal digestibility of skim milk, soluble wheat and soya isolate proteins. In: Veal, Perspectives to the Year 2000, Proceedings of the International Symposium, pp. 191-207. 12-13 September 1995, Le Mans, France,
    • (1996) Veal, Perspectives to the Year 2000, Proceedings of the International Symposium , pp. 191-207
    • Tolman, G.H.1    Beelen, G.M.2
  • 58
    • 0037747654 scopus 로고
    • Digestibility and growth performance of soluble wheat protein for veal calves
    • New Trends in Veal Calf Production (Metz, J.H.M. & Groenestein, C. M., eds.)
    • Tolman, G. H. & Demeersman, M. (1991) Digestibility and growth performance of soluble wheat protein for veal calves. In: New Trends in Veal Calf Production (Metz, J.H.M. & Groenestein, C. M., eds.), E.A.A.P. publ. no. 52: 227-233.
    • (1991) E.A.A.P. Publ. No. 52 , vol.52 , pp. 227-233
    • Tolman, G.H.1    Demeersman, M.2
  • 60
    • 0002657240 scopus 로고
    • Research into the digestive physiology of the milk-fed calf
    • van Weerden, E. J. & Huisman, J., eds. Pudoc, Wageningen, The Netherlands
    • Toullec, R. & Guilloteau, P. (1989) Research into the digestive physiology of the milk-fed calf. In: Nutrition and Digestive Physiology in Monogastric Farm Animals (van Weerden, E. J. & Huisman, J., eds.), pp. 37-55. Pudoc, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
    • (1989) Nutrition and Digestive Physiology in Monogastric Farm Animals , pp. 37-55
    • Toullec, R.1    Guilloteau, P.2
  • 61
    • 0016075462 scopus 로고
    • Utilization of energy and nitrogen from maize and potato starch, pre-gelatinized by physical processing, in milk replacers for veal calves
    • Van der Honing, Y., Smits, B., Lenis, N. & Boeve, J. (1974) Utilization of energy and nitrogen from maize and potato starch, pre-gelatinized by physical processing, in milk replacers for veal calves. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 33: 141-150.
    • (1974) J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. , vol.33 , pp. 141-150
    • Van der Honing, Y.1    Smits, B.2    Lenis, N.3    Boeve, J.4
  • 62
    • 15644381297 scopus 로고
    • Simulation of the growth of veal calves fed liquid milk replacers
    • Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals (Schurch, A. & Wenk, C., eds.)
    • Van Es, A.J.H. (1970) Simulation of the growth of veal calves fed liquid milk replacers. In: Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals (Schurch, A. & Wenk, C., eds.), E.A.A.P. publ. no. 13: 97-100.
    • (1970) E.A.A.P. Publ. No. 13 , vol.13 , pp. 97-100
    • Van Es, A.J.H.1
  • 63
    • 0002002926 scopus 로고
    • The metabolism of white adipose tissue in vivo and in vitro
    • Cryer, A. & Van, R.L.R., eds. Butterworths, Boston, MA
    • Vernon, R. G. & Clegg, R. A. (1985) The metabolism of white adipose tissue in vivo and in vitro. In: New Perspectives in Adipose Tissue (Cryer, A. & Van, R.L.R., eds.), pp. 65-86. Butterworths, Boston, MA.
    • (1985) New Perspectives in Adipose Tissue , pp. 65-86
    • Vernon, R.G.1    Clegg, R.A.2
  • 66
    • 0025482614 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal absorption of protein hydrolysis products: A review
    • Webb, K. E. (1990) Intestinal absorption of protein hydrolysis products: a review. J. Anim. Sci. 68: 3011-3022.
    • (1990) J. Anim. Sci. , vol.68 , pp. 3011-3022
    • Webb, K.E.1
  • 67
    • 0022784977 scopus 로고
    • Effects of age, milk replacer and rumen function on lipogenesis in adipose tissue of young calves
    • Wijayasinghe, M. S., Smith, N. E. & Baldwin R. L. (1986) Effects of age, milk replacer and rumen function on lipogenesis in adipose tissue of young calves. J. Dairy Sci. 69: 2358-2369.
    • (1986) J. Dairy Sci. , vol.69 , pp. 2358-2369
    • Wijayasinghe, M.S.1    Smith, N.E.2    Baldwin, R.L.3
  • 68
    • 84971840120 scopus 로고
    • The amino acid, collagen and mineral composition of preruminant calves
    • Williams, A. P. (1978) The amino acid, collagen and mineral composition of preruminant calves. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.) 90: 617-624.
    • (1978) J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.) , vol.90 , pp. 617-624
    • Williams, A.P.1
  • 69
    • 0023276075 scopus 로고
    • Effects of a β-agonist (clenbuterol) on growth, carcass composition, protein and energy metabolism of veal calves
    • Williams, P.E.V., Pagliani, L., Innes, G. M. Pennie, K., Harris, C. I. & Garthwaite, P. (1987) Effects of a β-agonist (clenbuterol) on growth, carcass composition, protein and energy metabolism of veal calves. Br. J. Nutr. 57: 417-428.
    • (1987) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.57 , pp. 417-428
    • Williams, P.E.V.1    Pagliani, L.2    Innes, G.M.3    Pennie, K.4    Harris, C.I.5    Garthwaite, P.6
  • 70
    • 0020760589 scopus 로고
    • Einfluss einer abgestuften Proteinversorgung bei hohem Energieniveau auf die Mastleistung sowie den Ansatz und die Verwertung von Futterenergie. Protein und Aminosäuren durch weibliche Mastschweine
    • Wünsche, J., Borgmann, E., Hennig, U., Kreienbring, F. & Bock, H. D. (1983) Einfluss einer abgestuften Proteinversorgung bei hohem Energieniveau auf die Mastleistung sowie den Ansatz und die Verwertung von Futterenergie. Protein und Aminosäuren durch weibliche Mastschweine. Arch. Tierernaμhr. (Berlin) 33: 389-413.
    • (1983) Arch. Tierernaμhr. (Berlin) , vol.33 , pp. 389-413
    • Wünsche, J.1    Borgmann, E.2    Hennig, U.3    Kreienbring, F.4    Bock, H.D.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.