CSF IL-1 and IL-2 in medicated schizophrenic patients and normal volunteers

Schizophrenia Research

Volumn 25, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 123-129

  Rapaport, Mark Hyman ^a,b,e   McAllister, Cathy G ^c   Pickar, David ^d   Tamarkin, Lawrence ^f   Kirch, Darrell G ^f   Paul, Stephen M ^f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b VA SAN DIEGO HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^f NONE

Author keywords

Biological psychiatry; CSF; IL 1; IL 2; Immunology; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

INTERLEUKIN 1; INTERLEUKIN 2;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMMUNITY; IMMUNOLOGY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

ADULT; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERLEUKIN-1; INTERLEUKIN-2; MALE; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

EID: 0030911622     PISSN: 09209964     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0920-9964(97)00008-X     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Alonso, R., Chaudieu, I., Diorio, J., Krishnamurthy, A., Quirion, R. and Boksa, P. (1993) Interleukin-2 modulates evoked release of [3H] dopamine in rat cultured mesencephalic cells. J. Neurochem. 61, 1284-1290.
2. APA, 1994. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder. 4th Ed. American Psychiatric Assocation, Washington, DC.
3. Awatsuji, H., Furukawa, Y., Nakajima, M., Furukawa, S. and Hayashi, K. (1993) Interleukin-2 as a neurotrophic factor for supporting the survival of neurons cultured from various regions of fetal rat brain. J. Neurosci. Res. 35, 305-311.
4. Barak, V., Barak, Y., Levine, J., Nisman, B. and Roisman, I. (1995) Changes in interleukin-β and soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in CSF and serum of schizophrenic patients. J. Basic Clin. Physiol. Pharmacol. 6(1), 61-69.
5. Bogerts, B., Falkai, P., Haupts, M., Greve, B., Ernst, S., Tappernon-Franz, V. and Heinzmann, U. (1990) Post-mortem volume measurements of limbic system and basal ganglia structures in chronic schizophrenics. Initial results from a new brain collection. Schizophr. Res. 3(5-6), 295-301.
6. Casanova, M., Sanders, R., Goldberg, T., Bigelow, L.B., Christison, G., Torrey, E.F. and Weinberger, D.R. (1990) Morphometry of the corpus callosum in monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia: a magnetic resonance imaging study. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 53, 416-421.
7. Denicoff, K.D., Rubinow, D.R., Papa, M.Z., Simpson, C., Seipp, C.A., Lotze, M.T., Chang, A.E., Rosenstein, D. and Rosenberg, S.A. (1987) The neuropsychiatric effects of treatment with interleukin-2 and lypokine activated killer cells. Ann. Intern. Med. 107, 293-300.
8. Durum, S.K. and Oppenheim, J.J. (1989) Macrophage derived mediators: Interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 6, interferon, and related cytokines. In: W.E. Paul (Ed.), Fundamental Immunology. 2nd Edn. Raven Press Ltd., New York, pp. 638-661.
9. Durum, S.K., Schmidt, J.K. and Oppenheim, J.J. (1986) Interleukin 1: an immunological perspective. Ann. Rev. Immunol. 3, 263-287.
10. El-Mallakh, R.S., Suddath, R.L. and Wyatt, R.J. (1993). Interleukin-1α and interleukin-2 in cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenic subjects. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 17, 383-391.
11. Ganguli, R., Rabin, B.S., Kelly, R.H., Lyte, M. and Ragu, U. (1987) Clinical and laboratory evidence of autoimmunity in acute schizophrenia. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 496, 676-685.
12. Ganguli, R., Rabin, B.S. and Belle, S.H. (1989) Decreased interleukin-2 production in schizophrenic patients. Biol. Psychiatry 26, 427-430.
13. Goldberg, T., Ragland, D., Torrey, E., Gold, J.M., Bigelow, L.B. and Weinberger, D.R. (1990) Neuropsychological assessment of monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 47, 1066-1072.
14. Gur, R.E., Mozley, P.D., Shtasel, D.L., Cannon, T.D., Gallacher, F., Turetsky, B., Grossman, R. and Gur, R.C. (1994) Clinical subtypes of schizophrenia: difference in brain and CSF. Am. J. Psychiatry 151, 343-350.
15. Hanisch, U.K., Seto, D. and Quirion, R. (1993) Modulation of hippocampal acetylcholine release: a potent central action of interleukin-2. J. Neurosci. 13, 3368-3374.
16. Heath, R.G. (1990) Psychoneuroimmunology: an autoimmune pathogenesis for schizophrenia. Psychiat. Med. 8, 95-100.
17. Lapchak, P.A. (1992) A role for interleukin-2 in the regulation of striatal dopaminergic function. Neuroreport 3, 165-168.
18. Lapchak, P.A. and Araujo, D.M. (1993) Interleukin-2 regulates monoamine and opioid peptide release from the hypothalamus. Neuroreport 4, 303-306.
19. Licinio, J., Seibyl, J.P., Altemus, M., Charney, D.S. and Krystal, J.H. (1993) Elevated CSF levels of interleukin-2 in neuroleptic-free schizophrenic patients. Am. J. Psychiatry 150(9), 1408-1410.
20. Maimone, D., Gregory, S., Arnason, B.G. and Reder, A.T. (1991) Cytokine levels in the cerebrospinal fluid serum of patients with multiple sclerosis. J. Neuroimmunol. 32, 67-74.
21. McAllister, C.G., Rapaport, M.H., Pickar, D., Prodnuchny, T.A., Christison, G., Alphs, L.D. and Paul, S.M. (1989) Increased numbers of CD5 + B lymphocytes in schizophrenic patients. Arch. Gen. Psychiat. 46, 890-894.
22. McAllister, C.G., van Kammen, D.P., Rehn, R.J., Miller, A.L., Gurklis, J., Kelley, M.E., Yao, J. and Peters, J.L. (1995) Increases in CSF levels of interleukin-2 in schizophrenia: effects of recurrences of psychosis and medication status. Am. J. Psychiatry 152(9), 1291-1297.
23. Nemni, R., Iannaccone, S., Quattrini, A., Smirne, S., Sessa, M., Lodi, M., Erminio, C. and Canal, N. (1992) Effect of chronic treatment with recombinant interleukin-2 on the central nervous system of adult and old mice. Brain Res. 591, 248-252.
24. Paciotti, G.F., Baron, D., Licinio, J., Tamarkin, L., Wong, M.L., Gold. P.W., Altemus, M.E. and Rubinow, D. (1992) Novel enzyme immunoassays for the detection of cytokines interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 in the circulation of normal subjects: 24-hour profile. Progr. NeuroEndocrinImmunol. 5, 21-30.
25. Rapaport, M.H. and Lohr, J.B. (1994) Serum interleukin-2 receptors in neuroleptic naive schizophrenic subjects and in medicated schizophrenic subjects with and without tardive dyskinesia. Acta Psychiat. Scand. 90, 311-315.
26. Rapaport, M.H., McAllister, C.G., Pickar, D., Nelson, D.L. and Paul, S.M. (1989) Elevated levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptors in schizophrenia. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 46, 291-292.
27. Rapaport, M.H., Torrey, E.F., McAllister, C.G., Nelson, D.L., Pickar, D. and Paul, S.M. (1993) Increased serum soluble interleukin-2 receptors in schizophrenic monozygotic twins. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 23, 7-10.
28. Rapaport, M.H., McAllister, C.G., Kim, Y.S., Han, J.H., Pickar, D., Nelson, D.L., Kirch, D.G. and Paul, S.M. (1994) Increased serum soluble interleukin-2 receptors in Caucasian and Korean schizophrenic patients. Biol. Psychiatry 35, 767-771.
29. Spitzer, R.L. and Endicott, J. (1975) The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SDS). Biometric Research Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York.
30. Spitzer, R., Williams, J., Gibbon, M. and First, M.B. (1988) Instruction Manual for the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). New York.
31. Suddath, R.L., Christison, G.W., Torrey, E.F., Casanova, M.F. and Weinberger, D.R. (1990) Anatomical abnormalities in the brains of monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia. N. Engl. J. Med. 332, 789-794.
32. Villemain, F., Chatenoud, L., Galinowski, A., HomoDeclarche, F.I., Ginestet, D., Loo, H., Zarifian, E. and Bach, J.F. (1989) Aberrant T cell-mediated immunity in untreated schizophrenic patients: deficient interleukin-2 production. Am. J. Psychiatry 146, 609-616.
33. Zalcman, S., Green-Johnson, J.M., Murray, L., Nancy, D.M., Dyck, D., Anisman, H. and Greenberg, A.J. (1994) Cytokine-specific central monoamine alterations induced by interleukin-1, 2, and 6. Brain Res. 643, 40-49.