Behavioural effects in mice of subchronic chlordiazepoxide, maprotiline and fluvoxamine. II. The elevated plus-maze

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

Volumn 57, Issue 1-2, 1997, Pages 127-136

  Rodgers, R J ^a   Cutler, M G ^b   Jackson, J E ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^b GLASGOW CALEDONIAN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Antidepressants; Anxiety; Anxiolytics; Chlordiazepoxide; Fluvoxamine; Maprotiline; Mice; Pa nic; Plus maze

Indexed keywords

BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE; FLUVOXAMINE; MAPROTILINE; NORADRENALIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; INTRAPERITONEAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; MALE; MAZE TEST; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; TRANQUILIZING ACTIVITY;

ADRENERGIC UPTAKE INHIBITORS; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANIMALS; ANTI-ANXIETY AGENTS; ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, SECOND-GENERATION; CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE; DRUG EVALUATION, PRECLINICAL; FLUVOXAMINE; MALE; MAPROTILINE; MAZE LEARNING; MICE; MICE, INBRED STRAINS; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0030902025     PISSN: 00913057     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0091-3057(96)00134-7     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Ballenger, J. C. Pharmacological treatment of panic disorder. In: DenBoer, J. A.; Sitsen J. M., eds. Handbook of depression and anxiety. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1994:275-289.
2. Bickerdike, M. J.; Marsden, C. A.; Dourish, C. T.; Fletcher, A. The influence of 5-hydroxytryptamine reuptake blockade on CCK receptor antagonist effects in the rat elevated zero-maze. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 271:403-411; 1994.
3. Blanchard, D. C.; Blanchard, R. J.; Rodgers, R. J. Risk assessment and animal models of anxiety. In: Olivier, B.; Mos, J.; Slangen, J. L., eds. Animal models in psychopharmacology. Basel: Birkhauser; 1991:117-134.
4. Blanchard, R. J.; Shepherd, J. K.; Rodgers, R. J.; Magee, L.; Blanchard, D. C. Attenuation of antipredator defensive behavior in rats following chronic treatment with imipramine. Psychopharmacology 110:245-253; 1993.
5. Bodnoff, S. R.; Suranyi-Cadotte, B.; Aitken, D. H.; Quirion, R.; Meaney, M. J. The effects of chronic antidepressant treatment in an animal model of anxiety. Psychopharmacology 95:298-302; 1988.
6. Briley, M.; Chopin, P; Moret, C. The role of serotonin in anxiety: Behavioural approaches. In: Briley, M.; File, S. E., eds. New concepts in anxiety. London: MacMillan; 1991:56-73.
7. Briley, M.; Chopin, P.; Veigner, M. The plus-maze test of anxiety: Validation in different rat strains and effect of a wide range of antidepressants. Br. J. Pharmacol. 87:217P; 1986.
8. 3H]-ketanserin binding. Neurosci. Lett. 42:S8; 1992.
9. Cassella, J. V.; Davis, M. Fear-enhanced acoustic startle is not attenuated by acute or chronic imipramine treatment in rats. Psychopharmacology 87:278-282; 1985.
10. Cole, J. C.; Burroughs, G. J.; Laverty, C. R.; Sheriff, N. C.; Sparham, E. A.; Rodgers, R. J. Anxiolytic-like effects of yohimbine in the murine elevated plus-maze: strain independence and evidence against α2-adrenoceptor mediation. Psychopharmacology 118: 425-436; 1995.
11. Cole, J. C.; Rodgers, R. J. An ethological analysis of the effects of chlordiazepoxide and bretazenil (Ro 16-6028) in the murine elevated plus-maze. Behav. Pharmacol. 4:573-580; 1993.
12. Cole, J. C.; Rodgers, R. J. Ethological comparison of the effects of diazepam and acute/chronic imipramine on the behaviour of mice in the elevated plus-maze. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 52:473-478; 1995.
13. Cole, J. O.; Davies, J. M. Antidepressant drugs. In: Freedman, A. M.; Kaplan, H. I., eds. Comprehensive textbook of psychiatry. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1967:1263-1275.
14. Commissaris, R.L.; Humrich, J.; Johns, J.; Geere, D. G.; Fontana, D. J. The effects of selective and nonselective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors on conflict behavior in the rat. Behav. Pharmacol. 6:195-202; 1995.
15. Costall, B.; Domeney, A. M.; Hughes, J.; Kelley, M. E.; Naylor, R. J.; Woodruff, G. N. Anxiolytic effects of CCK-B antagonists. Neuropeptides 19(Suppl):65-73; 1991.
16. Costall, B.; Jones, B. J.; Kelly, M. E.; Naylor, R. J.; Tomkins, D. M. Exploration of mice in a black and white test box: Validation as a model of anxiety. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 32:777-785; 1989.
17. Crawley, J. N. Neuropharmacological specificity of a simple animal model for the behavioral actions of benzodiazepines. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 15:695-699; 1981.
18. Cruz, A. P. M.; Frei, F.; Graeff, F. G. Ethopharmacological analysis of rat behavior on the elevated plus-maze. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 49:171-176; 1994.
19. Cuomo, V.; Cagiano, R.; De Saliva, M. A.; Maselli, M. A.; Renna, G.; Racagni, G. Ultrasonic vocalisation in response to unavoidable aversive stimuli in rats: Effects of benzodiazepines. Life Sci. 43:485-491; 1988.
20. Cutler, M. G.; Rodgers, R. J.; Jackson, J. E. Behavioural effects in mice of subchronic chlordiazepoxide, maprotiline and fluvoxamine. I. Social Interaction. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., in press.
21. DenBoer, J. A.; Westenberg, H. G. M.; De Leeuw, A. S.; van Vliet I. M. Biological dissection of anxiety disorders: The clinical role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors with particular reference to fluvoxamine. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 9(Suppl 4):47-52; 1995.
22. Durcan, M. J.; Lister, R. G.; Eckhardt, M. J.; Linnoila, M. Behavioral interactions of fluoxetine, and other 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitors with ethanol in tests of anxiety, locomotion and exploration. Psychopharmacology 96:528-533; 1988.
23. File, S. E.; Johnston, A. L. Chronic treatment with imipramine does not reverse the effects of 3 anxiogenic compounds in a test of anxiety in the rat. Neuropsychobiology 17:187-192; 1987.
24. File, S. E.; Mabbutt, P. S. Effects of tianeptine in animal models of anxiety and on learning and memory. Drug Dev. Res. 23:47-56; 1991.
25. Filteau, M. J.; Baruch, P.; Lapierre, Y. D.; Bakish, D.; Blanchard, A. SSRIs in anxious-agitated depression: A post hoc analysis of 279 patients. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 10:51-54; 1995.
26. Fontana, D. J.; Carbary T. J.; Commissaris, R. L. Effects of acute and chronic anti-panic drug administration on conflict behavior in the rat. Psychopharmacology 98:157-162; 1989.
27. Fontana, D. J.; Commissaris, R. L. Effects of acute and chronic imipramine adminstration on conflict behavior in the rat: A potential 'animal model' for the study of panic disorder? Psychopharmacology 95:147-150; 1988.
28. Gao, B.; Cutler, M. G. Effects of acute and chronic administration of the antidepressants, imipramine, phenelzine and mianserin, on the social behaviour of mice. Neuropharmacology 33:813-824; 1994.
29. Gardner, C. Inhibition of ultrasonic distress vocalisations in rat pups by chlordiazepoxide and diazepam. Drug Dev. Res. 5:185-193; 1985.
30. Griebel, G.; Blanchard, D. C.; Agnes, R. S.; Blanchard, R. J. Differential modulation of antipredator defensive behavior in Swiss-Webster mice following acute or chronic administration of imipramine and fluoxetine. Psychopharmacology 120:57-66; 1995.
31. Griebel, G.; Moreau, J-L.; Jenck, F.; Misslin, R.; Martin, J. R. Acute and chronic treatment with 5-HT reuptake inhibitors differentially modulate emotional responses in anxiety models in rodents. Psychopharmacology 113:463-470; 1994.
32. Handley, S.; McBlane, J. W. Opposite efffects of fluoxetine in two animal models of anxiety. Br. J. Pharmacol. 107:446P; 1992.
33. Hijzen, T. H.; Houtzager, S. W. J.; Joordens, R. J. E.; Olivier, B.; Slangen, J. L. Predictive validity of the potentiated startle response as a behavioural model for anxiolytic drugs. Psychopharmacology 118:150-154; 1995.
34. Hoehn-Saric, R.; McLeod, D. R. Depression and anxiety: Is there a common etiology? In: DenBoer, J. A.; Sitsen. J. M., eds. Handbook of depresson and anxiety. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1994:119-158.
35. Hyttel, J. Comparative pharmacology of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Nord. J. Psychiatry 1993(Suppl 30)5-12; 1993.
36. 3 receptor subtypes. Br. J. Pharmacol. 114:391P; 1995.
37. Johnson, N. J. T.; Rodgers, R. J. Ethological analysis of cholecystokinin (CCKA & CCKB) receptor ligands in the elevated plus- maze test of anxiety in mice. Psychopharmacology 124:355-364; 1996..
38. Johnston, A. L.; File, SE Profiles of the antipanic compounds, triazolobenzodiazepines and phenelzine, in two animal tests of anxiety. Psychiatry Res. 25:81-90; 1988.
39. Kahn, R. J.; McNair, D. M.; Lipman, R. S.; Covi, L.; Rickels, K.; Downing, R.; Fisher, S.; Frankenthaler, L. M. Imipramine and chlordiazepoxide in depressive and anxiety disorders: II: Efficacy in anxious outpatients. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 43:79-85; 1986.
40. Kasper, S. Neurobiology and new psychopharmacological strategies for treatment of anxiety disorders. In: Darcourt, G.; Mendlewicz, J.; Racagni, G.; Brunello, N., eds. Current therapeutical approaches to panic and other anxiety disorders. Basel: Karger; 1994:15-35.
41. Kendler, K. S.; Neale, M. C.; Kessler, R. C.; Heath, A. C.; Eaves, L. J. Major depression and generalized anxiety disorder. Same genes, (partly) different environments? Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 49:716-722; 1992.
42. Kilts, C. D.; Commissaris, R. L.; Rech, R. H. Comparison of anti-conflict drug effects in three experimental animal models of anxiety. Psychopharmacology 74:290-296; 1981.
43. Klein, D. F. Anxiety reconceptualized. In: Klein, D. F.; Rabkin, J.,eds. Anxiety: New research and changing concepts. New York: Raven Press; 1981:235-262.
44. Lightowler, S.; Kennett, G. A.; Williamson, I. J. R.; Blackburn, T. P.; Tulloch, I. F. Anxiolytic-like effect of paroxetine in a rat social interaction test. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 49:281-285; 1994.
45. Lister, R. G. The use of a plus-maze to measure anxiety in the mouse. Psychopharmacology 92:180-185; 1987.
46. Mason, P.; Skinner, J.; Luttinger, D. Two tests in rats for antianxiety effect of clinically anxiety attenuating antidepressants. Psychopharmacology 92:30-34; 1987.
47. Molewijk, H. E.; van der Poel, A. M.; Mos, J.; van der Heyden, J. A. M.; Olivier, B. Conditioned ultrasonic distress vocalizations in adult male rats as a behavioural paradigm for screening anti- panic drugs. Psychopharmacology 117:32-40; 1995.
48. Nemeroff, C. B. Paroxetine: An overview of the efficacy and safety of a new selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in the treatment of depression. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 13:10S-17S; 1993.
49. Noyes, R. The comorbidity and mortality of panic disorder. Psychiatr. Med. 8:41-66; 1990.
50. Nutt, D. J. Anxiety and its therapy: Today and tommorrow. In: Briley, M.; File, S. E., eds. New concepts in anxiety. London: MacMillan; 1991:1-12.
51. Nutt, D. J.; Glue P. Clinical pharmacology of anxiolytics and antidepressants: A psychopharmacological perspective. Pharmacol. Ther. 44:309-334; 1989.
52. Nutt, D. J.; Lawson, C. Panic attacks: A neurochemical overview of models and mechanisms. Br. J. Psychiatry 160:165-178; 1992.
53. Nystrom, C.; Halstrom, T. Comparsion between a serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake blocker in the treatment of depressed outpatients. A cross-over study. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 75:377-382; 1987.
54. Onaivi, E. S.; Martin, B. R. Neuropharmacological and physiological validation of a computer-controlled two-compartment black and white box for the assessment of anxiety. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 13:963-976; 1989.
55. Pappas, B. A.; Vogel, R. A.; Frye, G. D.; Breese, G. R.; Mueller, R. A. Stimulant drugs enhance effects of punishment in normal and chlordiazepoxide-treated rats. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 4, 1978.
56. Pecknold, J. C. Serotonin abnormalities in panic disorder. In: Ballenger, J. C., ed. Neurobiology of panic disorder. New York: Wiley-Liss; 1990:121-142.
57. Pellow, S.; Chopin, P.; File, S. E.; Briley, M. Validation of open:closed arm entries in an elevated plus-maze as a measure of anxiety in the rat. J. Neurosci. Methods 14:149-167;1985.
58. Pellow, S.; File, S. E. Can anti-panic drugs antagonize the anxiety produced in the rat by drugs acting at the GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex? Neuropsychobiology 17:60-65;1987.
59. Reich, J. The epidemiology of anxiety. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 174:129-136; 1986.
60. Rickels, K.; Downing R.; Schweizer, E.; Hassman, H. Antidepressants for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 50:884-895; 1993.
61. Rickels, K.; Schweizer, E. Current pharmacotherapy of anxiety and panic. In: Meltzer, H., ed. Psychopharmacology: The third generation of progress. New York: Raven Press; 1987:1193-1203.
62. 2C receptor levels. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 262:125-131; 1994.
63. Rodgers, R. J.; Cole, J. C. The elevated plus-maze: Pharmacology, methodology and ethology. In: Cooper, S. J.; Hendrie, C. A., eds. Ethology and psychopharmacology. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons; 1994:9-44.
64. Rodgers, R. J.; Cole, J. C.; Aboualfa, K.; Stephenson, L. H. Ethopharmacological analysis of the effects of putative 'anxiogenic' agents in the mouse elevated plus-maze. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 52:805-813; 1995.
65. Rodgers, R. J.; Johnson, N. J. T. Factor analysis of spatiotemporal and ethological measures in the murine elevated plus-maze test of anxiety. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 52:297-303; 1995.
66. Sheehan, D. V. The tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of panic and anxiety disorders. Psychosomatics 27:10-16;1986.
67. Shepherd, J. K.; Grewal, S. S.; Fletcher, A.; Bill, D. J.; Dourish. C. T. Behavioural and pharmacological characterisation of the elevated 'zero-maze' as an animal model of anxiety. Psychopharmacology 116:56-64; 1994.
68. Treit, D.; Menard, J.; Royan, C. Anxiogenic stimuli in the elevated plus-maze. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 44:463-469; 1993.
69. Trullas, R.; Skolnick, P. Differences in fear motivated behavior among inbred mouse strains. Psychopharmacology 111:323-331; 1993.
70. Tyrer, P.; Tyrer, J. Antidepressive drugs for the treatment of anxiety disorders - and vice versa. In: DenBoer, J. A.; Sitsen, J. M. A., eds. Handbook of depression and anxiety. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1994:497-514.
71. De Vry, J.; Benz, U.; Schreiber, R.; Traber, J. Shock-induced ultrasonic vocalization in young adult rats: A model for testing putative anti-anxiety drugs. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 249:331-339; 1993.
72. Westenberg, H. G. M.; DenBoer, J. A. The neuropharmacology of anxiety: A review of the role of serotonin. In: DenBoer, J. A.; Sitsen, J. M. A., eds., Handbook of depression and anxiety. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1994:405-446.
73. Wilde, M. I.; Plosker, G. L.; Benfield, P. Fluvoxamine. An updated review of its pharmacology, and therapeutic use in depressive illness. Drugs 46:895-924; 1993.
74. Young, R.; Johnson, D. N. A fully automated light/dark apparatus useful for comparing anxiolytic drugs. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 40:739-743; 1991.