Biologic and oncologic implications of tenascin-C/hexabrachion proteins

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology

Volumn 25, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 187-210

  Vollmer, Günter ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LÜBECK   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BINDING PROTEIN; COMPLEMENTARY DNA; CYTOKINE; FIBRONECTIN; GROWTH FACTOR; RECEPTOR PROTEIN; TENASCIN;

BREAST CARCINOMA; CELL PROLIFERATION; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GLIOBLASTOMA; HUMAN; MULTIGENE FAMILY; NERVE REGENERATION; NONHUMAN; PRECANCER; PROTEIN DOMAIN; RAT; REVIEW; SKIN CARCINOMA; TISSUE INJURY; TISSUE REPAIR; UTERUS CARCINOMA; WOUND HEALING;

ANIMALS; CELL ADHESION; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; HUMANS; NEOPLASMS; TENASCIN;

EID: 0030898121     PISSN: 10408428     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1040-8428(97)00004-8     Document Type: Review

References (210)

1. Erickson HP, Lightner VA. Hexabrachion protein (tenascin, cytotactin, brachionectin) in connective tissues, embryonic brain and tumors. Adv Cell Biol 2:55-90, 1988.
2. Natali PG, Zardi L. Tenascin - a hexameric adhesive glycoprotein. Int J. Cancer, 4 (Suppl.):66-68, 1989.
3. Gulcher JR, Nies DE, Marton LS, Stefansson K. An alternatively spliced region of the human hexabrachion contains a repeat of potential N-glycosylation sites. Proc Natl Acad Sci (USA) 86:1588-1592, 1989.
4. Nies DE, Hemesath TJ, Kim JH, Gulcher JR, Stefansson K. The complete cDNA sequence of human hexabrachion (Tenascin). A multidomain protein containing unique epidermal growth factor repeats. J Biol Chem 226:2818-2823, 1991.
5. Siri A, Carnemolla B, Saginati M, Leprini A, Casari G, Barelle F. Zardi L. Human tenascin: primary structure, pre-mRNA splicing patterns and localization of the epitopes recognized by two monoclonal antibodies. Nucl Acid Res 19:525-531, 1991.
6. Jones FS, Burgoon MP, Hoffman S, Crossin KL, Cunningham BA, Edelman GM. A cDNA clone for cytotactin contains sequences similar to epidermal growth factor-like repeats and segments of fibronectin and fibrinogen. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:2186-2190, 1988.
7. Jones FS, Hoffman S, Cunningham BA, Edelman GM. A detailed structural model of cytotactin: protein homologies, alternative splicing and binding regions. Proc Natl Acad Sci 86:1905-1909, 1989.
8. Pearson CA, Pearson D, Shibahara S, Hofsteenge J, ChiquetEhrismann R. Tenascin: cDNA cloning and induction by TGF-beta. EMBO J 7:2977-2982, 1988.
9. Weller A, Beck S, Ekblom P. Amino acid sequence of mouse tenascin and differential expression of two tenascin isoforms during embryogenesis. J Cell Biol 112:355-362, 1991.
10. Saga Y, Tsukamoto T, Jing N, Kusakabe M, Sakakura T. Murine tenascin: cDNA cloning, structure and temporal expression of isoforms. Gene 104:177-185, 1991.
11. LaFleur DW, Fagin JA, Forrester JS, Rubin SA, Sharifi BG. Cloning and characterization of alternatively spliced isoforms of rat tenascin. J Biol Chem 269:20757-20763, 1994.
12. Nishi T, Weinstein J, Gillespie WM, Paulson JC. Complete primary structure of porcine tenascin. Detection of tenascin transcripts in adult submaxillary glands. Eur J Biochem 202:643-648, 1991.
13. Onda H, Poulin ML, Tassava TA, Chiu IM. Characterization of a newt tenascin cDNA and localization of tenascin mRNA during newt limb regeneration by in situ hybridization. Dev Biol 148:219-232, 1991.
14. Gulcher JR, Alexakos MJ, LeBeau MM, Lemons RS, Stefansson K. Chromosomal localization of the human hexabrachion (tenascin) gene and evidence for recent reduplication within the gene. Genomics 6:616-622, 1990.
15. Rocchi M, Archidiacono N, Romeo G, Saginati M, Zardi L. Assignment of the gene for human tenascin in the region q32-q34 of chromosome 9. Human Genetics 86:621-623. 1991.
16. Ozelius L, Schuback DE, Stefansson K, Slaugenhaupt S, Gusella JF, Breakefield XO. Dinucleotid repeat polymorphism for the hexabrachion gene (HxB) on chromosome 9q32-34. Human Molecular Genetics 1(1992) 141.
17. Gulcher JR, Nies DE, Alexakos MJ, Ravikant NA, Sturgill ME, Marton LS, Stefansson K. Structure of the human hexabrachion (tenascin) gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:9438-9442, 1991.
18. Sriramarao P and Bourdon MA. A novel tenascin type III repeat is part of a complex of tenascin mRNA alternative splices. Nucl Acid Res 21:163-168, 1993.
19. Tucker RP, Spring J, Baumgartner S, Martin D, Hagios C, Poss PM, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Novel tenascin variants with a distinctive pattern of expression in the avian embryo. Development 120:637-647, 1994.
20. Just M, Herbst H, Hummel M, Dürkop H, Tripier D, Stein H, Schuppan D. Undulin is a novel member of the fibronectin-tenascin family of extracellular matrix glycoproteins. J Biol Chem 266:17326-17332, 1991.
21. Volkmer H, Hassel B, Wolff JM, Frank R, Rathjen FG. Structure of the axonal surface recognition molecule neurofascin and its relationship to a neural subgroup of the immunoglobulin superfamily. J Cell Biol 118:149-161, 1992.
22. Matsumoto K, Arai M, Ishihara N and Ando A, Inoko H, Ikemura T. Extracellular matrix protein-like gene found in human MHC class. Immunogenetics 36:400-403, 1992.
23. Matsumoto K, Arai M, Ishihara N and Ando A, Inoko H, Ikemura T. Cluster of fibronectin type-III repeats found in the human major histocompatibility complex class III region shows the highest homology with the repeats in an extracellular matrix protein, tenascin. Genomics 12:485-491, 1992.
24. a, a Drosophila gene related to tenascin, shows selective transcript localization. Mech Dev 40:165-176, 1993.
25. m, a Drosophila gene related to tenascin, is a new pair rule gene. EMBO J 13:3728-3740, 1994.
26. Levine A, Bashan-Ahrend A, Budai-Hadrian O, Gartenberg D, Menasherow S, Wides R. Odd Oz: a novel Drosophila pair rule gene. Cell 77:587-598, 1994.
27. Nörenberg U, Wille H, Wolff JM, Frank R, Rathjen FG. The chicken neural extracellular matrix molecule restrictin: similarity with EGF, fibronectin type III and fibrinogen-like motifs. Neuron 8:849-863, 1992.
28. Fuss B, Wintergerst ES, Bartsch U, Schachner M. Molecular characterization and in situ mRNA localization to the neural recognition molecule J1 160/180 a modular structure similar to tenascin. J Cell Biol 120:1237-1249, 1993.
29. Bristow J, Tee MK, Gittelman SE, Mellon SH, Miller WL. Tenascin-X: a novel extracellular matrix protein encoded by the human XB gene overlapping P450c21B. J Cell Biol 122:265-268, 1993.
30. Hagios C, Koch M, Spring J, Chiquet M and Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Tenascin-Y: a protein of novel domain structure is secreted by differentiated fibroblasts of mucle connective tissue. J Cell Biol 134:1499-1512, 1996.
31. Jones FS, Crossin KL, Cunningham BA, Edelman GM. Identification and characterization of the promoter for the cytotactin gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:6497-6501, 1990.
32. Copertino DW, Jenkinson S, Jones FS, Edelman GM. Structural and functional similarities between the promoters for mouse tenascin and chicken cytotactin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:2131-2135, 1995.
33. Jones FS, Chalepakis G, Gruss P, Edelman GM. Activation of the cytotactin promoter by homeobox-containing gene Evx-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:2091-2095, 1992.
34. Edelman GM, Jones FS. Cytotactin: a morphoregulatory molecule and a target for regulation by homeobox gene products. TIBS 17:228-232, 1992.
35. Gherzi R, Carnemolla B, Siri A, Ponassi M, Balza E, Zardi L. Human tenascin gene - structure of the 5′-region, identification and characterization of the transcription regulatory sequences. J Biol Chem 270:3429-3434, 1995.
36. Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Hagios C, Schenk S. The complexity in regulating the expression of tenascins. Bioessays, 17:873-878, 1995.
37. Gherzi R, Ponassi M, Gaggero B, Zardi L. The first untranslated exon of the human tenascin-C gene plays a regulatory role in gene transcription. FEBS Lett 369:335-339, 1995.
38. Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Tannheimer M, Koch M, Brunner A, Spring J, Martin D, Baumgartner S, Chiquet M. Tenascin-C expression by fibroblasts is elevated in stressed collagen gels. J Cell Biol 127:2093-2101, 1994.
39. Aufderheide E, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Ekblom P. Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in the developing kidney lead to expression of tenascin in the mesenchyme. J Cell Biol 105:599-608, 1987.
40. Aufderheide E, Ekblom P. Tenascin in gut development: appearance in the mesenchyme, shift in molecular forms and dependence on epithelial mesenchymal interactions. J Cell Biol 107:2341-2349, 1988.
41. Ekblom P, Aufderheide E. Stimulation of tenascin expression in mesenchyme by epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Int J Dev Biol 33:71-79, 1989.
42. Akimoto Y, Obinata A, Endo H, and Hirano H. Immunohistochemical study of basement membrane reconstruction by an epidermis-dermis recombination experiment using cultured chick embryonic skin: induction of tenascin. J Histochem Cytochem 40:1129-1137, 1992.
43. Inaguma Y, Kusakabe M, Mackie EJ, Pearson CA, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Sakakura T. Epithelial induction of stromal tenascin in the mouse mammary gland: from embryogenesis to carcinogenesis. Dev Biol 128:245-255, 1988.
44. Sakai T, Kawakatsu H, Hirota N, Yokoyama T, Sakakura T, Saito M. Specific expression of tenascin in human colonic neoplasms. Br J Cancer 67:1058-1064, 1993.
45. Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Kalla P, Pearson CA. Participation of tenascin and transforming growth factor-beta in reciprocal epithelial-mesenchymal interactions of MCF-7 cells and fibroblasts. Cancer Res 49:4322-4325, 1989.
46. Hiraiwa N, Kida H, Sakakura T, Kusakabe M. Induction of tenascin in cancer cells by interactions with embryonic mesenchyme mediated by a diffusible factor. J Cell Sci 104:289-296, 1993.
47. Tucker RP, Hammarback JA, Jenrath DA, Mackie EJ, Xu Y. Tenascin expression in the mouse: in situ localization and induction by bFGF. J Cell Sci 104:69-76, 1993.
48. Borsi L, Balza E, Castellani P, Carnemolla B, Ponassi M, Querze G, Zardi L. Cell-cycle dependent alternative splicing of the tenascin primary transcript. Cell Adhesion Comm 1:307-317, 1994.
49. Borsi L, Allemanni G, Gaggero B, Zardi L. Extracellular pH controls pre-mRNA alternative splicing of tenascin-C in normal, but not in malignantly transformed cells. Int J Cancer 66:632-635, 1996.
50. Koch M, Wehrle-Haller B, Baumgartner S, Spring J, Brubacher D, Chiquet M. Epithelial synthesis of tenascin at tips of growing bronchi and graded accumulation in basement membrane and mesenchyme. Exp Cell Res, 194:297-300, 1991.
51. Lightner VA, Marks JR, McCachren SS. Epithelial cells are an important source of tenascin in normal and malignant human breast tissue. Exp Cell Res 210:177-184, 1994.
52. Sakai T, Kawakatsu H, Ohta M, Saito M. Tenascin induction in tenascin nonproducing carcinoma cell lines in vivo and by TGF-beta 1 in vitro. J Cell Physiol 159:561-572, 1994.
53. Ibrahim SN, Lightner VA, Ventimiglia JB, Ibrahim GK, Walther PJ, Bigner DD, Humphrey PA. Tenascin expression in prostatic hyperplasia, intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma. Human Pathol 24:982-989, 1993.
54. Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Mackie EJ, Pearson CA, Sakakura T. Tenascin: an extracellular matrix protein involved in tissue interactions during fetal development and oncogenesis. Cell 47:131-139, 1986.
55. Hoffman S, Crossin KL, Edelman GM. Molecular forms, binding functions and developmental expression patterns of cytotactin and cytotactin-binding proteoglycan, an interactive pair of extracellular matrix molecules. J Cell Biol 106:519-532, 1988.
56. Taylor HC, Lightner VA, jr WFB, McCaslin D, Briscoe G, Erickson HP. Biochemical and structural studies of tenascin/ hexabrachion proteins. J Cell Biochem 41:71-90, 1989.
57. Erickson HP, Bourdon MA. Tenascin: an extracellular matrix protein prominent in specialized embryonic tissues and tumors. Ann Rev. Cell Biol 5:71-92, 1989.
58. Aukhil I, Slemp CC, Lightner VA, Nishimura K, Briscoe G, Erickson HP. Purification of hexabrachion (tenascin) from cell culture conditioned medium. Matrix 10:98-111, 1990.
59. Saginati M, Siri A, Balza E, Ponassi M, Zardi L. A simple procedure for tenascin purification. Eur J Biochem 205:545-549, 1992.
60. Friedlander DR, Hoffman S, Edelman GM. Functional mapping of cytotactin: proteolytic fragments active in cell-substrate adhesion. J Cell Biol 107:2329-2340, 1988.
61. Chiquet M, Vrucinic-Filipi N, Schenk S, Beck K, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Isolation of chick tenascin variants and fragments. A C-terminal heparin-binding fragment produced by cleavage of the extra domain from the largest subunit splicing variant. Eur J Biochem 199:379-388, 1991.
62. Spring J, Beck K, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Two contrary functions of tenascin: dissection of the active sites by recombinant tenascin fragments. Cell 59:325-334, 1989.
63. Prieto AL, Andersson-Fisone C, Crossin KL. Characterization of multiple adhesive and counteradhesive domains in the extracellular matrix protein cytotactin. J Cell Biol 119:663-678, 1992.
64. Aukhil I, Joshi P, Yan Y, Erickson HP. Cell-and heparin-binding domains of the hexabrachion arm identified by tenascin expression proteins. J Biol Chem 268:2542-2533, 1993.
65. Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Matsuoka Y, Hofer U, Spring J, Bernasconi C, Chiquet M. Tenascin variants: differential binding to fibronectin and distinct distribution in cell cultures and tissues. Cell Regul 2:927-938, 1991.
66. Marton LS, Gulcher JR, Stefansson K. Binding of hexabrachions to heparin and DNA. J Biol Chem 264:13145-13149, 1989.
67. Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Anti-adhesive molecules of the extracellular matrix. Curr Opin Cell Biol 3:800-804, 1991.
68. Sage EH, Bornstein P. Extracellular proteins that modulate cell-matrix interactions. SPARC, tenascin, thrombospondin. J Biol Chem 266:13831-13834, 1991.
69. Joshi P, Chung CY, Aukhil I, Erickson HP. Endothelial cells adhere to the RGD domain and the fibrinogen-like terminal knob of tenascin. J Cell Sci 106:389-400, 1993.
70. Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Kalla P, Pearson CA, Beck K, Chiquet M. Tenascin interferes with fibronectin action. Cell 53:383-390, 1988.
71. Crossin KL. Cytotactin binding: inhibition of stimulated proliferation and intracellular alkalinization in fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:11403-11407, 1991.
72. Murphy-Ullrich JE, Lightner VA, Aukhil I, Yan YZ, Erickson HP, Höök M. Focal adhesion integrity is downregulated by alternative spliced domain of human tenascin. J Cell Biol 115:1127-1136, 1991.
73. Faissner A, Kruse J. J1/tenascin is a repulsive substrate for central nervous system neurons. Neuron 5:627-637, 1990.
74. Kawakatsu H, Shiurba R, Obara M, Hiraiwa H, Kusakabe M, Sakakura T. Human carcinoma cell synthesize and secrete tenascin in vitro. Jpn J Cancer Res 83:1073-1080, 1992.
75. Crossin KL, Hoffman S, Grumet M, Thiery JP, Edelman GM. Site-restricted expression of cytotactin during development of the chicken embryo. J Cell Biol 102:1917-1930, 1986.
76. Erickson HP, Inglesias JL. A six-armed oligomer isolated from cell surface fibronectin preparations. Nature 311:267-269, 1984.
77. Epperlein HH, Halfter W, Tucker RP. The distribution of fibronectin and tenascin along migratory pathways of neural crest cells in the trunk of amphibian embryos. Development 103:743-756, 1988.
78. Gould VE, Koukoulis GK, Virtanen I. Extracellular matrix proteins and their receptors in the normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic breast. Cell Differentiation Development 32:409-416, 1990.
79. Vollmer G., Lightner VA, Carter CA, Siegal GP, Erickson HP, Knuppen R, Kaufman DG. Localization of tenascin in uterine sarcomas and partially transformed endometrial stromal cells. Pathobiology 61:67-76, 1993.
80. Nicolo G, Salvi S, Oliveri G, Borsi L, Catellani P, Zardi L. Expression of tenascin and of the ED-B containing oncofetal fibronectin isoform in human cancer. Cell Differentiation Development 32:401-408, 1990.
81. Lotz MM, Burdsal CA, Erickson HP, McClay DR. Cell adhesion to fibronectin and tenascin: quantitative measurements of initial binding and subsequent strengthening response. J Cell Biol 109:1795-1805, 1989.
82. Faissner A, Kruse J, Kuhn K, Schachner M. Binding of J1 adhesion molecules to extracellular matrix constituents. J Neurochem 54:1004-1015, 1990.
83. Tremble P, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Werb Z. The extracellular matrix ligands fibronectin and tenascin collaborate in regulating collagenase gene expression in fibroblasts. Molec Biol Cell 5:439-453, 1994.
84. Lightner VA, Gumkowski F, Bigner DD, Erickson HP. Tenascin/hexabrachion in human skin: biochemical identification and localization by light and electron microscopy. J Cell Biol 108:2483-2493, 1989.
85. Thesleff I, Mackie EJ, Vaino S, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Changes in the distribution of tenascin during tooth development. Development 101:289-296, 1987.
86. Thesleff I, Vainio S, Jalkanen M. Cell matrix interactions in tooth development. Int J Dev Biol 33:91-97, 1989.
87. Young SL, Chang LY, Erickson HP. Tenascin-C in rat lung: distribution, ontogeny and role in branching morphogenesis. Dev Biol 161:615-625, 1994.
88. Julian J, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Erickson HP. Tenascin is induced at implantation sites in the mouse uterus and interferes with epithelial cell adhesion. Development 120:661-671, 1994.
89. Vainio S, Jalkanen M, Thesleff I. Syndecan and tenascin expression is induced by epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in embryonic tooth mesenchyme. J Cell Biol 108:1945-1953, 1989.
90. Thesleff I, Vainio S, Salmivirta M, Jalkanen M. Syndecan and tenascin: induction during early tooth morphogenesis and possible interactions. Cell Differentiation Development 32:383-389, 1990.
91. Thesleff I, Patanen AM, Vainio S. Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in embryonic tooth morphogenesis: the roles of extracellular matrix, growth factors and cell surface receptors. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 11:229-237, 1991.
92. Salmivirta M, Elenius K, Vainio S, Hofer U, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Thesleff I, Jalkanen M. Syndecan from embryonic tooth mesenchyme binds tenascin. J Biol Chem 266:7733-7739, 1991.
93. Perides G, Erickson HP, Rahemtulla F, Bignami A. Colocalization of tenascin with versican, a hyaluronate-binding chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. Anat Embryol (Berlin) 188:467-479, 1993.
94. Grumet M, Milev P, Sakurai T, Karthikeyan L, Bourdon M, Margolis RK, Margolis RU. Interactions with tenascin and differential effects on cell adhesion of neurocan and phosphacan, two major chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans of nervous tissue. J Biol Chem 269:12142-12146, 1994.
95. Barnea G, Grumet M, Milev P, Silvennoinen O, Levy JB, Sap J, Schlessinger J. Receptor tyrosine phosphatase beta is expressed in the form of proteoglycan and binds to the extracellular matrix protein tenascin. J Biol Chem 269:14349-14352, 1994.
96. Tan SS, Crossin KL, Hoffman S, Edelman GM. Asymmetric expression in somites of cytotactin an its proteoglycan ligand is correlated with neural crest cell distribution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:7977-7781, 1987.
97. Hoffman S, Edelman GM. A proteoglycan with HNK-1 antigenic determinants is a neuron-associated ligand for cytotactin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:2523-2527, 1987.
98. Bourdon MA, Ruoslahti E. Tenascin mediates cell attachment through an RGD-dependent receptor. J Cell Biol 108:1149-1155, 1989.
99. Prieto AL, Edelman GM, Crossin KL. Multiple integrins mediate cell attachment to cytotactin/tenascin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:10154-10158, 1993.
100. Sriramarao P, Mendier M, Bourdon MA. Endothelial cell attachment and spreading on human tenascin is mediated by a2b1 and anb3 integrins. J Cell Sci 105:1101-1012, 1993.
101. 1 mediates cell attachment to a non-RGD site in the third fibronectin type III repeat of tenascin. J Biol Chem 269:26691-26696, 1994.
102. Chung CY, Erickson HP. Cell surface annexin II is a high affinity receptor for the alternatively spliced segment of tenascin-C. J Cell Biol 126:539-548, 1994.
103. Akam M. The molecular basis for metamorphic pattern in Drosophila embryo. Development 101:1-22, 1987.
104. McGinnis W, Krumlauf R. Homeobox genes and axional patterning. Cell 68:283-302, 1992.
105. Schwartz MA, Cragoe EJ, Lechene CP. pH regulation in spread cells and round cells. J Biol Chem 265:1327-1332, 1990.
106. Grierstein S, Rotin D, Mason MJ. Na + /H + exchange and growth factor-induced cytosolic pH changes. Role in cellular proliferation. Biochim Biophys Acta 988:73-97, 1989.
107. Chiquet M. Tenascin: an extracellular matrix protein involved in morphogenesis of epithelial organs. Kidney Int 41:629-631, 1992.
108. Curran T, Franza BR. Fos and Jun: the AP1 connection. Cell 55:395-397, 1988.
109. Riou JF, Umbhauer M, Shi DL, Boucaut JC. Tenascin: a potential modulator of cell-extracellular matrix interactions during vertebrate embryogensis. Biol Cell 75:1-9, 1992.
110. Bronner-Fraser M. Distribution and function of tenascin during cranial neural crest development in the chick. J Neurosci Res 21:135-147, 1988.
111. Mackie EJ, Tucker RP, Halfter W, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Epperlein HH. The distribution of tenascin coincides with pathways of neural crest cell migration. Development 102:237-250, 1988.
112. Halfter W, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Tucker RP. The effect of tenascin and embryonic basal lamina on the behavior and morphology of neural crest cells in vitro. Dev Biol 132:14-25, 1989.
113. McCarthy RA, Hay ED. Collagen I, laminin and tenascin: ultrastructure and correlation with avian neural crest formation. Int J Dev Biol 35:437-452, 1991.
114. Tucker RP. The distribution of J1/tenascin and its transcript during the development of the avian cornea. Differentiation 48:59-66, 1991.
115. Halfter W, Liverani D, Vigny M, Monard D. Deposition of extracellular matrix along the pathway of migrating fibroblasts. Cell Tissue Res 262:467-481, 1990.
116. r 220,000 isoform expression correlates with corneal cell migration. Development 112:605-614, 1991.
117. Yuasa S, Kawamura K, Ono K. Yamakuni T, Takahashi Y. Development and migration of Purkinje cells in the mouse cerebellar primordium. Anat Embryol 184:195-212, 1989.
118. Wehrle-Haller B, Koch M, Baumgartner S, Spring J, Chiquet M. Nerve-dependent and -independent tenascin expression in the developing chick limb bud. Development 112:627-637, 1991.
119. Masuda-Nakagawa LM, Wiedemann C. The role of matrix molecules in regeneration of leech CNS. J Neurobiol 23:551-567, 1992.
120. Perez RG, Halfter W. Tenascin in the developing chick visual system: distribution and potential role as a modulator of retinal axon growth. Dev Biol 156:278-292, 1993.
121. Lochter A, Vaughan L, Kaplony A, Prochiantz A, Schachner M, Faissner A. J1/tenascin in substrate bound and soluble form displays contrary effects on neurite outgrowth. J Cell Biol 113:1159-1171, 1991.
122. Grierson JP, Petrowski RE, Ling DS, Geller HM. Astrocyte topography and tenascin/cytotactin expression: correlation with the ability to support neurite outgrowth. Dev Brain Res 55:11-19, 1990.
123. Wehrle-Haller B, Chiquet M. Dual function of tenascin: simultaneous promotion of neurite growth and inhibition of glial migration. J Cell Sci 106:597-610, 1993.
124. Gatchalian CL, Schachner M, Sanes JR. Fibroblasts that proliferate near denervated synapses in skeletal muscle synthesize the adhesive molecules tenascin (J1), N-CAM, fibronectin and heparansulfate proteoglycan. J Cell Biol 108:1873-1890, 1989.
125. Weis J, Fine SM, David C, Savarirayan S, Sanes JR. Integration site-dependent expression of a transgene reveals specialized features of cells associated with neuromuscular junction. J Cell Biol 113:1385-1397, 1991.
126. Rulo HF, van Vlijmen-Willems IMJJ, Schalwijk J, Verstraeten AA, van de Kerkhof PCM. Normal human skin demonstrates marked site variation of tenascin expression, not correlated to epidermal proliferation (Ki-67 binding). J Dermatol Sci 5:54-57, 1993.
127. Kanno S, Fukuda Y. Fibronectin and tenascin in rat tracheal wound healing and their relation to cell proliferation. Pathol Int 44:96-106, 1994.
128. Engel J. EGF-like domains in the extracellular matrix proteins: localized signals for growth and differentiation? FEBS Lett 251:1-7, 1989.
129. End P, Panayotou G, Entwistle A, Waterfield MD, Chiquet M. Tenascin: a modulator for growth and differentiation. Eur J Biochem 209:1041-1051, 1992.
130. Rüegg CR, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Alkan SS. Tenascin: an extracellular matrix protein, exerts immunomodulatory activities. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:7437-7441, 1989.
131. Vollmer G, Siegal GP, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Lightner VA, Arnholdt H, Knuppen R. Tenascin expression in the human endometrium and in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Lab Invest 62:725-730, 1990.
132. Sasano H, Nagura H, Watanabe K, Ito K, Tsuiki A, Sato S, Yajima A, Kusakabe K, Sakakura T. Tenascin expression in normal and abnormal human endometrium. Modern Pathol 6:323-326, 1993.
133. Ferguson JE, Schor AM, Howell A, Ferguson MW. Tenascin distribution in the normal breast is altered during the menstrual cycle and in carcinomas. Differentiation 42:199-297, 1990.
134. Castelluci M, Classen-Linke I, Mühlhäuser J, Kaufman P, Zardi L, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. The human placenta: a model for tenascin expression. Histochemistry 95:449-458, 1991.
135. Mackie EJ, Halfter W, Liverani D. Induction of tenascin in healing wounds. J Cell Biol 107:2757-2767, 1988.
136. Whitby DJ and Ferguson MW. The extracellular matrix of lip wounds in fetal, neonatal and adult mice. Development 112:651-658, 1991.
137. Whitby DJ, Longaker MT, Harrison MR, Adzick NS, Ferguson MW. Rapid epithehalization of fetal wounds is associated with the early deposition of tenascin. J Cell Sci 99:53-58, 1991.
138. Chuong CM, Chen HM. Enhanced expression of neural cell adhesion molecules and tenascin (cytotactin) during wound healing. Am J Pathol 138:427-440, 1991.
139. Tervo K, van Setten GB, Beuermann RW, Virtanen I, Tarkkanen A, Tervo T. Expression of tenascin and cellular fibronectin in the rabbit cornea after anterior keratomy. Invest Ophthamol Visual Sci 32:2912-2918, 1991.
140. Hurme T, Kalimo H. Adhesion in skeletal muscle during regeneration. Muscle Nerve 15:481-489, 1992.
141. Hedin U, Holm J, Hansson GK. Induction of tenascin in rat arterial injury. Relation to altered smooth muscle phenotype. Am J Pathol 139:649-656, 1993.
142. Neurath M. Expression von Tenascin, Laminin und Fibronektin nach traumatischer vorderer Kreuzbandruptur. Zeitschrift für Orthopadie und ihre Grenzgebiete, 131:168-172, 1993.
143. Daniloff JK, Levi G, Grumet M, Rieger F, Edelman GM. Altered expression of neuronal adhesion molecules induced by nerve injury and repair. J Cell Biol 103:929-945, 1986.
144. Nolte C, Schachner M, Martini R. Immunolocalization of the neural cell adhesion molecules L1, N-CAM, J1 in Pacinian corpuscles of the mouse during development, in the adult and uring regeneration. J Neurocytol 18:795-808, 1989.
145. Martini R, Schachner M, Faissner A. Enhanced expression of the extracellular matrix molecules J1/tenascin in the regenerating adult mouse sciatic nerve. J Neurocytol 19:601-616, 1990.
146. Suguwara I, Hirakoshi J, Masunaga A, Itoyama S, Sakakura T. Reduced tenascin expression in colonic carcinoma with lymphogenous metastasis. Invasion Metastasis 11:325-331, 1991.
147. Mackie EJ, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Pearson CA, Inaguma Y, Taya K, Kawarada Y, Sakakura T. Tenascin is a stromal marker for epithelial malignancy in the mammary gland. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:4621-4625, 1987.
148. Borsi L, Carnemolla B, Nicolo G, Spina B, Tanare G, Zardi L. Expression of different tenascin isoforms in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic human breast tissues. Int J Cancer 52:688-692, 1992.
149. van den Hooff A. Stromal involvement in malignant growth. Adv Cancer Res 50:159-196, 1988.
150. Shoij T, Kamiya T, Tsubura A, Hatano T, Sakakura T, Yamamoto M, Morii S. Immunohistochemical staining patterns of tenascin in invasive breast carcinoma. Virchow's Archies A Pathol Anatomy Histopathol 421:53-56, 1992.
151. Riedl SE, Faissner A, Schlag P, Herbay AV, Koretz K, Möller P. Altered content and distribution of tenascin in colitis, colon adenoma and colorectal carcinoma. Gastroenterology 103:400-406, 1992.
152. Verstraeten AA, Mackie EJ, Hageman PC, Hilgers J, Schol DJ, DeJongh GJ, Schalwijk J. Tenascin expression in basal cell carcinoma. Br J Dermatol 127: 571-574, 1992.
153. Schalwijk J, Steijlen PM, van Vlijmen-Willems IM, Oosterlin B, Mackie EJ, Verstraeten AA. Tenascin expression in human dermis is related to epidermal proliferation. Am J Pathol 139:1143-1150, 1991.
154. Kleinmann HK, McGarvey ML, Liotta LA, Robey PG, Tryggvason K, Martin GR. Isolation and characterization of type IV procollagen, laminin and heparansulfate proteoglycan from EHS sarcoma. Biochemistry 21: 6188-6193, 1982.
155. Natali PG, Nicotra MR, Bigotti A, Botti C, Castellani P, Risso AM, Zardi L. Comparative analysis of the expresssion of the extracellular matrix protein tenascin in normal human fetal, adult and tumor tissues. Int J Cancer 47:811-816, 1991.
156. Sakakura T, Ishihara A, Yatani R. Tenascin in the mammary gland development: from embryogenesis to carcinogenesis. Cancer Treatment Res 53:383-400, 1991.
157. Howeedy AA, Virtanen I, Laitinen L, Gould NS, Koukoulis GK, Gould VE. Differential distribution of tenascin in the normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic breast. Lab Invest 63:798-806, 1990.
158. Koukoulis GK, Gould VE, Bhattacharyya A, Gould JE, Howeedy AA, Virtanen I. Tenascin in normal, reactive, hyperplastic and neoplastic tissues: biologic and pathologic implications. Human Pathol 22:636-643, 1991.
159. Vollmer G, Deerberg F, Siegal GP, Knuppen R. Altered tenascin expression during spontaneous endometrial carcinogenesis in the BDII/Han rat. Virchow's Archiv B Cell Pathol Molec Biol 60:83-89, 1991.
160. Van Eycken P, Sciot R, Desmet VJ. Expression of the novel extracellular matrix component tenascin in normal and diseased liver. J Hepathol 11:43-52, 1990.
161. Yamada S, Ichida T, Matsuda Y, Miyazaki Y, Hatano T, Hata K, Asakura H, Hirota N, Geerts A, Wisse E. Tenascin expression in human chronic liver disease and in hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver 12:10-16, 1992.
162. Van Eycken P, Geerts A, DeBleser P, Lazou JM, Vrijsen R, Sciot S, Wisse E, Desmet VJ. Localization and cellular source of the extracellular matrix protein tenascin in normal and fibrotic rat liver. Hepatology 15:909-916, 1992.
163. Ramadori G, Schwögler S, Veit T, Rieder H, Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Mackie EJ. Meyer zum Burschenfelde KH. Tenascin gene expression in rat liver and in rat liver cells. Virchow's Archiv B Cell Pathol Molec Biol 60:145-153, 1991.
164. McCachren SS, Lightner VA. Expression of human tenascin in synovitis and its regulation by interleukin-1. Arthr Rheumatism 35:1185-1196, 1992.
165. Kallionen M, Sandberg M, Kinnunen T, Oikarinen A. Collagen synthesis in granuloma annulare. J Invest Dermatol 98:463-468, 1992.
166. Tiitta O, Wahlström T, Virtanen I, Gould VE, Tenascin in inflammatory conditions and neoplasms of the urinary bladder. Virchow's Archiv B Cell Pathol Molec Biol 63:283-287, 1993.
167. Michie HJ, Head JR. Tenascin in pregnant and non-pregnant rat uterus: unique spation-temporal expression during decidualization. Biol Reprod 50:1277-1286, 1994.
168. Michna H, Schneider MR, Nishino A, El Eltreby MF. Antitumor activity of the antiprogestins ZK 98.299 and RU 38.486 in the hormone dpendent rat and mouse mammary tumors: mechanistic studies. Breast Cancer Res Treatment 14:275-288, 1989.
169. Michna H, Schneider MR, Nishino Y, El Eltreby MF. The antitumor mechanism of progesterone antagonists is a receptor mediated antiproliferative effect by induction of terminal cell death. J Steroid Biochem 34:447-453, 1989.
170. Michna H. Schneider MR. Nishino Y, El Eltreby MF, McGuire WL. Progesterone antagonists block growth of experimental mammary tumors in G0/G1. Breast Cancer Res Treatment 17:155-156, 1990.
171. Chammas R, Taverna D, Cella N, Santos C, Hynes NE. Laminin and tenascin assembly and expression regulate HC11 mouse mammary cell differentiation. J Cell Sci 107:1031-1040, 1994.
172. Vollmer G, Michna H, Ebert K, Knuppen R. Androgen ablation induces tenascin expression in the rat prostate. Prostate 25:81-90, 1994.
173. Vollmer G, Michna H, Schneider MR, Knuppen R. Stromal expression of tenascin is inversely correlated to epithelial differentiation. J Steroid Biochem Molec Biol 48:487-494, 1994.
174. Ekblom M, Fssler R, Tomasini-Johansson B, Nilsson K, Ekblom P. Downregulation of tenascin expression by glucocorticoids in bone marrow stroma cells and in fibroblasts. J Cell Biol 123:1037-1045, 1993.
175. Jones JL, Critchley DR, and Walker AA. Alteration of stromal protein and integrin expression in breast - a marker of premalignant change. J Pathol 167:399-406, 1992.
176. Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Tenascin and other adhesion-modulating proteins in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 4:301-310, 1993.
177. Yoshida J, Wakabayashi T, Okamoto S, Kimura S, Washizu K, Kiyosawa K, Mokuno K. Tenascin in cerebrospinal fluid is a useful biomarker for the diagnosis of brain tumour. J Neurol Neurosurgery Psychiatry 57:1212-1215, 1994.
178. Washizu K, Kimura S, Hiraiwa H, Matsunaga K, Kuwabara M, Ariyoshi Y, Kato K, Takeuchi K. Development and application of an enzyme immunoassay for tenascin. Clin Chim Acta, 219:1-2, 1993.
179. Kimura S, Ishida S, Matunaga K, Washizu K, Hiraiwa H, Takeuchi K, Wakabayashi T, Yoshida J, Kato K. Determination of tenascin in human serum by use of a new enzyme immunoassay. Biomed Res 14:203-208, 1993.
180. Schenk S, Muser J, Vollmer G, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Tenascin-C in serum: a questionable tumor marker. Int J Cancer 61:443-449, 1995.
181. Schenk S, Muser J, Vollmer G, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Tenascin-C in serum: an acute phase protein or a tumor marker? Int J Cancer, 60:145, 1995.
182. Yamauchi M, Mizuhara Y, Maezawa Y, Toda G. Serum tenascin levels in
183. Blasberg RG, Nakagawa H, Bourdon MA, Groothuis DR, Patlak CS, Bigner DD. Regional localization of glioma-associated antigen defined by monoclonal antibody 81C6 in vivo: kinetics inplications for diagnosis and therapy. Cancer Res 47:4432-4443, 1987.
184. Wikstrand CJ, McLendon RE, Bullard DE, Fredman P, Svennarholm L, Bigner DD. Production and characterization of two human glioma xenograft-localizing monoclonal antibodies (Mabs). Cancer Res 46:5933-5940, 1986.
185. Wikstrand CJ, McLendon RE, Carrel S, Kemshead JZ, Mach JP, Coakham HB, Tribolet ND, Bullard DE, Zalutsky MR, Bigner DD. Comparative localization of glioma-reactive monoclonal antibodies in vivo in an athymic mouse human glioma xenograft model. J Neuroimmunol 15:37-46, 1987.
186. Lastoria S, Castelli L, Vergara E, Seccamini E, Bonino C, Mariani M, DeSanti MS, DeSimeone A, Ambrosio A, Zardi L. Human gliomas radioimmunoimaging with 131-I BC-2 murine IgG: preliminary report. J Nucl Med Allied Sci 34(Suppl):173-176, 1990.
187. Zalutsky MR, Moseley RP, Benjamin JC, Colapinto EV, Fuller GN, Coakham HP, Bigner DD. Monoclonal antibody and F(abï)2 fragment delivery to tumor in patients with glioma: comparison of intracarotid and intravenous administration. Cancer Res 50:4105-4110, 1990.
188. Riva P, Arista A, Sturiale C, Moscatelli G, Tison V, Mariani M, Seccamani E, Lazzari S, Fagiolo L, Francheschi G, Sarti G, Riva N, Zardi L, Scassellati GA. Treatment of intracranial human glioblastoma by direct intratumoral administration of 131-I-labelled anti-tenascin monoclonal antibody BC-2. Int J Cancer 51:7-13, 1992.
189. Riva P, Tison V, Arista A, Sturiale C, Franceschi G, Riva N, Casi M, Moscatelli G, Campori F, Spinelli A. Radioimmunotherapy of gastrointestinal cancer and glioblastoma. Int J Biol Markers 8:192-197, 1993.
190. Erickson HP. Gene knock-outs of c-src, transforming growth factor bl and tenascin suggest superflous, nonfunctional expression of proteins. J Cell Biol 120:1079-1081, 1993.
191. Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Tenascin, a superflous protein? Newslett Int Soc Matrix Biol 1:10-11, 1993.
192. Saga Y, Yagi T, Ikawa Y, Sakakura T, Aizawa A. Mice develop normally without tenascin. Genes Dev 6:1821-1831, 1992.
193. Shull MM, Ormsby I, Kier AB, Pawlowski S, Diebold RJ, Yin M, Allen R, Sidman C, Proetzel G, Calvin D, Annunziata N, Doetschmann T. Targeted disruption of the mouse transforming growth factor-β1 gene results in multifocal inflammatory disease. Nature 359:693-699, 1992.
194. Rennie J. Essential but expendable. Sci Am 267:13-14, 1992.
195. Soriano P, Montgomery C, Geske R, Bradley A. Targeted disruption of the c-src proto-oncogene leads to osteopetrosis in mice. Cell 64:693-702, 1991.
196. Davies RL, Weintraub H, Lasser AB. Expression of a single transfected cDNA converts fibroblasts into myoblasts. Cell 51:987-1000, 1987.
197. Rudnicki MA, Braun T, Hinuma S, Jaenisch R. Inactivation of myoD in mice leads to up-regulation of the myogenic HLH gene myf-5 and results in apparently normal muscle development. Cell 71:383-390, 1992.
198. Brookfield J. Can genes be truly redundant? Curr Biol 2:553-554, 1992.
199. Matsuoka Y, Spring J, Ballmer-Hofer K, Hofer U, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Differential expression of tenascin splicing variants in the chick gizzard and in cell cultures. Cell Differentiation Dev 32:417-423, 1990.
200. Schwgler S, Odenthal M, Meyer zum Burschenfelde KH, Ramadori G. Alternative splicing products from arterial smooth muscle cells and skin fibroblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 185:768-775, 1992.
201. Mackie EJ, Tucker RP. Tenascin in bone morphogenesis: expression by osteoblasts and cell type specific expression of splice variants. J Cell Sci 103:765-771, 1992.
202. Vrucinic-Filipi N, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. Tenascin function and regulation of expression. Symp Soc Exp Biol 47:155-162, 1993.
203. Meiners S, Marone M, Rittenhouse JL, Geller HM. Regulation of astrocytic tenascin by basic fibroblast growth factor. Dev Biol 160:480-493, 1993.
204. Wick M, Burger C, Brusselbach S, Lucibello FC, Möller R. Indentification of serum-inducible genes: different patterns of gene regulation during G0-> S and G1-> S progression. J Cell Sci 107:227-239, 1994.
205. Rettig WJ, Erickson HP, Albino AP, Garin-Chesa P. Induction of tenascin (neuronectin) by growth factors and cytokines: cell type specific signals and signalling pathways. J Cell Sci 107:487-497, 1994.
206. Mackie EJ, Scott-Burden T, Hahn AW, Kern F, Bernhardt J, Regenass S, Weller A, Bühler F.R. Expression of tenascin by vascular smooth muscle cells. Alterations in hypertensive rats and stimulation by angiotensin II. Am J Pathol 141:377-388, 1992.
207. Hahn AW, Resink TJ, Kern F, Bühler FR. Peptide vasoconstrictors, vessel structure and vascular smooth muscle proliferation. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 22(Suppl. 5):S37-S43, 1993.
208. Hemesath TJ, Stefansson K. Expression of tenascin in thymus and thymic nonlymphoid cells. J Immunol 152:422-428, 1994.
209. Yavin E, Gabai A, Gil S. Nerve growth factor mediates monosialoganglioside-induced release of fibronectin and J1/ tenascin from C6 glioma cells. J Neurochem 56:105-112, 1991.
210. Bloomquist BT, Darlington DN, Mains RE, Eipper BA. RESP 18, a novel endocrine secretory protein transcript and four other transcripts are regulated parallel with proopiomelanocortin in melanotropes. J Biol Chem 269:9113-9122, 1994.