Three Bacillus cereus bacteriophage endolysins are unrelated but reveal high homology to cell wall hydrolases from different bacilli

Journal of Bacteriology

Volumn 179, Issue 9, 1997, Pages 2845-2851

  Loessner, Martin J ^a   Maier, Simon K ^a   Daubek Puza, Helmut ^a   Wendlinger, Günther ^a   Scherer, Siegfried ^a  

^a TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACTERIOPHAGE DNA; HYDROLASE; N ACETYLMURAMOYLALANINE AMIDASE;

ARTICLE; BACILLUS CEREUS; BACTERIOLYSIS; BACTERIOPHAGE; ENZYME POLYMORPHISM; ENZYME STRUCTURE; GENE TRANSFER; GENETIC ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR CLONING; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY;

EID: 0030894847     PISSN: 00219193     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jb.179.9.2845-2851.1997     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Ackermann, H.-W., R. R. Azizbekyan, H. P. Emadi Konjin, M.-M. Lecadet, L. Seldin, and M. X. Xu. 1994. New Bacillus bactcriophage species. Arch. Virol. 135:333-344.
2. Ahmed, R., P. Sankar-Mistry, S. Jackson, H.-W. Ackermann, and S. Kasatiya. 1995. Bacillus cereus phage typing as an epidemiological tool in food-poisoning outbreaks. J. Clin. Microhiol. 33:636-640.
3. Araki, Y., T. Nakatani, K. Nakayama, and E. Ito. 1972. Occurrence of N-nonsubstituted glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan of lysozyme-resistant cell walls from Bacillus cereus. J. Biol. Chem. 247:6312-6322.
4. Carlson, C. R., D. A. Caugant, and A.-B. Kolstø. 1994. Genotypic diversity among Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis strains. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:1719-1725.
5. García, P., J. L. García, J. M. García, J. M. Sánchez-Puelles, and R. López. 1990. Modular organization of the lytic enzymes of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its bacteriophages. Gene 86:137-142.
6. Ghuysen, J. M., D. J. Tipper, and J. L. Strominger. 1966. Enzymes that degrade bacterial cell walls. Methods Enzymol. 8:685-699.
7. Haggard-Ljungquist, E., C. Hailing, and R. Calendar. 1992. DNA sequence of the tail fiber genes of bacteriophage P2: evidence for horizontal transfer of tail fiber genes among unrelated bacteriophages. J. Bacteriol. 174:1462-1477.
8. He, N., J. Chen, and C. Lin. 1978. Six distinct types of bacteriophage attacking Bacillus thuringiensis. Acta Microbiol. Sinica 18:220-224.
9. Jarvis, A. W., L. J. Collins, and H.-W. Ackermann. 1993. A study of five bacteriophages of the Myoviridae family which replicate on different gram positive bacteria. Arch. Virol. 133:75-84.
10. Joris, B., S. Englebert, C.-P. Chu, R. Kariyama, L. Daneo-Moore, G. D. Shockman, and J.-M. Ghuysen. 1992. Modular design of the Enterococcus hirae muramidase-2 and Streptococcus faeculis autolysin. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 91:257-264.
11. Kuroda, A., and J. Sekiguchi. 1990. Cloning, sequencing and genetic mapping of a Bacillus subtilis cell wall hydrolase gene. J. Gen. Microbiol. 136: 2209-2216.
12. Kuroda, A., and J. Sekiguchi. 1991. Molecular cloning and sequencing of a major Bacillus subtilis autolysin gene. J. Bacteriol. 173:7304-7312.
13. Lazarevic, V., P. Margot, B. Soldo, and D. Karamata. 1992. Sequencing and analysis of the Bacillus subtilis lytRABC divergon: a regulatory unit encompassing the structural genes of the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase and its modifier. J. Gen. Microbiol. 138:1949-1961.
14. Loessner, M. J., I. B. Krause, T. Henle, and S. Scherer. 1994. Structural proteins and DNA characteristics of 14 Listeria typing bacteriophages. J. Gen. Virol. 75:701-710.
15. Loessner, M. J., and S. Scherer. 1995. Organization and transcriptional analysis of the Listeria phage A511 late gene region comprising the major capsid and tail sheath protein genes cps and tsh. J. Bacteriol. 177:6601-6609.
16. Loessner, M. J., A. Schneider, and S. Scherer. 1995. A new procedure for efficient recovery of DNA, RNA, and proteins from Listeria cells by rapid lysis with a recombinant bacteriophage endolysin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:1150-1152.
17. Loessner, M. J., A. Schneider, and S. Scherer. 1996. Modified Listeria bacteriophage lysin genes (ply) allow efficient overexpression and one-step purification of biochemically active fusion proteins. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:3057-3060.
18. Loessner, M. J., G. Wendlinger, and S. Scherer. 1995. Heterogeneous endolysins in Listeria monocytogenes bacteriophages: a new class of enzymes and evidence for conserved holin genes within the siphoviral lysis cassettes. Mol. Microbiol. 16:1231-1241.
19. Longchamp, P. F., C. Mauël, and D. Karamata. 1994. Lytic enzymes associated with defective prophages of Bacillus subtilis: sequencing and characterization of the region comprising the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase gene of prophage PBSX. Microbiology 140:1855-1867.
20. Meile, L., A. Baumgartner, and M. Teuber. 1995. Differentiation between Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus cereus according to their 23S rRNA sequences. GenBank accession no. X89896.
21. Plasterk, R. H. A., A. Brinkman, and P. van de Putte. 1983. DNA inversion in the chromosome of Escherichia coli and in bacteriophage Mu: relationship to other site-specific recombination systems. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:5355-5358.
22. Potvin, C., D. Leclerc, G. Tremblay, A. Asselin, and G. Bellemare. 1988. Cloning, sequencing and expression of a Bacillus bacteriolytic enzyme in Escherichia coli. Mol. Gen. Genet. 214:241-248.
23. Romero, A., R. López, and P. García. 1990. Characterization of the pneumococcal bacteriophage HB-3 amidase: cloning and expression in Escherichia coli. J. Virol. 64:137-142.
24. Sambrook, J., T. Maniatis, and E. F. Fritsch. 1989. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.
25. Sanz, J. M., E. Díaz, and J. L. Garcia. 1992. Studies on the structure and funclion of the N-terminal domain of the pneumococcal murein hydrolases. Mol. Microbiol. 6:921-931.
26. Schleifer, K. H., and O. Kandler. 1972. Peptidoglycan types of bacterial cell walls and their taxonomic implications. Bacteriol. Rev. 36:407-477.
27. Seiler, H. Personal communication.
28. Steiner, M., W. Lubitz, and U. Bläsi. 1993. The missing link in phage lysis of gram-positive bacteria: gene 14 of Bacillus subtilis phage Φ29 encodes the functional homolog of lambda S protein. J. Bacteriol. 175:1038-1042.
29. Stewart, C. 1988. Bacteriophage SpO1, p. 477-515. In R. Calendar (ed.), The bacteriophages, vol. 1. Plenum Press, New York, N.Y.
30. Studier, F. W., and B. A. Moffat. 1986. Use of bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase to direct selective high-level expression of cloned genes. J. Mol. Biol. 189:113-130.
31. Studier, F. W., A. H. Rosenberg, J. J. Dunn, and J. W. Duberndorff. 1990. Use of T7 RNA polymerase to direct expression of cloned genes. Methods Enzymol. 185:60-89.
32. Tabor, S., and C. C. Richardson. 1985. A bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase/promoter system for controlled exclusive expression of specific genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:1074-1078.
33. Tomioka, S., T. Nikaido, T. Miyakawa, and M. Matsuhashi. 1983. Mutation of the N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase gene of Escherichia coli K-12. J. Bacteriol. 156:463-465.
34. Troup, B., M. Jahn, C. Hungerer, and D. Jahn. 1994. Isolation of the hemF operon containing the gene for the Escherichia coli aerobic coproporphyrinogen III oxidase by in vivo complementation of a yeast HEM13 mutant. J. Bacteriol. 176:673-680.
35. Väisänen, O. M., N. J. Mwaisumo, and M. S. Salkinoja-Salonen. 1991. Differentiation of dairy strains of the Bacillus cereus group by phage typing, minimum growth temperature, and fatty acid analysis. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 70:315-324.
36. Vasala, A., M. Välkkila, J. Caldentey, and T. Alatossava. 1995. Genetic and biochemical characterization of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis bacteriophage LL-H lysin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:4004-4011.
37. Ward, J. B., C. A. M. Curtis, C. Taylor, and R. S. Buxton. 1982. Purification and characterization of two phage PBSX-induced lytic enzymes of Bacillus subtilis 168: an N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase and an N-acetylmuramidase. J. Gen. Microbiol. 128:1171-1178.
38. Young, R. 1992. Bacteriophage lysis: mechanisms and regulation. Microbiol. Rev. 56:430-481.
39. Young, R., and U. Bläsi. 1995. Holins: form and function in bacteriophage lysis. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 17:191-205.
40. Zahler, S. A. 1988. Temperate bacteriophages of Bacillus subtilis, p. 477-515. In R. Calendar (ed.), The bacteriophages, vol. 1. Plenum Press, New York, N.Y.
41. Zink, R., and M. J. Loessner. 1992. Classification of virulent and temperate bacteriophages of Listeria spp. on the basis of morphology and protein analysis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:296-302.
42. Zink, R., M. J. Loessner, and S. Scherer. 1995. Characterization of cryptic prophages (monocins) in Listeria and sequence analysis of a holin/endolysin gene. Microbiology 141:2577-2584.