Early onset cannabis use and psychosocial adjustment in young adults

Addiction

Volumn 92, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 279-296

  Fergusson, David M ^a,b   Horwood, L John ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO   (New Zealand)

^b Christchurch Health and Development Study   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CANNABIS;

ADJUSTMENT; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CRIME; DELINQUENCY; DRUG ABUSE; FEMALE; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; MENTAL HEALTH; NEW ZEALAND; NORMAL HUMAN; OFFENDER; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; UNEMPLOYMENT;

ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; ADOLESCENT; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COHORT STUDIES; CONFOUNDING FACTORS (EPIDEMIOLOGY); CRIME; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MARIJUANA ABUSE; MENTAL DISORDERS; NEW ZEALAND; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; UNEMPLOYMENT;

EID: 0030893338     PISSN: 09652140     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1997.tb03198.x     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS (1991) Marijuana: a continuing concern for pediatricians, Pediatrics, 88, 1070-1072.
2. HALL, W., SOLOWIJ, N. & LEMON, J. (1994) The Health and Psychological Consequences of Cannabis Use (Canberra, Australian Government Publishing Service).
3. DONOVAN, J. E. & JESSOR, R (1985) Structure of problem behavior in adolescence and young adult-hood, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 890-904.
4. FARRELL, A. D., DANISH, S. J. & HOWARD, C. W. (1992) Relationship between drug use and other problem behaviours in urban adolescents, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 705-712.
5. FERGUSSON, D. M., HORWOOD, L. J. & LYNSKEY, M. T. (1994) The comorbidities of adolescent problem behaviors: a latent class model, Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 22, 339-354.
6. FERGUSSON, D. M., LYNSKEY, M. T. & HORWOOD, L. J. (1997) The short term consequences of early cannabis use, Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 24, 499-512.
7. HAMMER, T. & VAGLUM, P. (1990) Use of alcohol and drugs in the transitional phase from adolescence to young adulthood, Journal of Adolescence, 13, 129-142.
8. JESSOR, R, CHASE, J. A. & DONOVAN, J. E. (1980) Psychosocial correlates of marijuana use and problem drinking in a national sample of adolescents, American Journal of Public Health, 70, 604-610.
9. KANDEL, D. B., DAVIES, M., KARUS, D. & YAMAGUCHI, K. (1986) The consequences in young adulthood of adolescent drug involvement: an overview, Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 746-754.
10. ROBINS, L. N., DARVISH, H. & MURPHY, G. E. (1970) The long term outcome for adolescent drug users: a follow up study of 76 users and 148 non-users, in: ZUBIN, J. & FREEDMAN, A.M. (Eds) The Psychopathology of Adolescence (New York, Grune & Stratton).
11. HAWKINS, J. D., CATALANO, R. F. & MILLER, J. Y. (1992) Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: implications for substance abuse prevention, Psychological Bulletin, 112, 64-105.
12. NEWCOMB, M. D. & BENTLER, P. M. (1989) Substance use and abuse among children and teenagers, American Psychologist, 44, 242-248.
13. FARRINGTON, D. P., LOEBER, R, ELLIOT, D. S. et al. (1990) Advancing knowledge about the onset of delinquency and crime, in: LAHEY, B. B. & KAZDIN, A. E. (Eds) Advances in Clinical Child Psychology, Vol. 13, pp. 383-442 (New York, Plenum Press).
14. LOEBER, R. (1990) Development and risk factors of juvenile antisocial behavior and delinquency, Clinical Psychology Review, 10, 1-41.
15. RUTTER, M., IZARD, C. E. & READ, P. B. (1986) Depression in Young People: developmental and clinical perspectives (New York, Guilford).
16. PFEFFER, C. R. (1989) Suicide Among Youth: perspectives on risk and prevention (Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press).
17. WINEFIELD, A. H., TIGGEMANN, M., WINEFIELD, H. R. & GOLDNEY, R. D. (1993) Growing Up With Unemployment: a longitudinal study of its psychological impact (London, Routledge).
18. DE LEON, G. (1994) Some problems with the anti-prohibitionist position on legalization of drugs, Journal of Addictive Diseases, 13, 35-57.
19. MACCOUN, R. J. (1993) Drugs and the law: a psychological analysis of drug prohibition, Psychological Bulletin, 113, 497-512.
20. NEWCOMB, M. D. (1992) Substance abuse and control in the United States: ethical and legal issues, Social Science and Medicine, 35, 471-479.
21. FERGUSSON, D. M., HORWOOD, L. J., SHANNON, F. T. & LAWTON, J. M. (1989) The Christchurch Child Development Study: a review of epidemiological findings, Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 3, 302-325.
22. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (1993) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) (Geneva, World Health Organization).
23. AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION (1994) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), 4th edn (Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association).
24. ELLIOT, D. S. & HUIZINGA, D. (1989) Improving self-reported measures of delinquency, in: KLEIN, M. W. (Ed.) Cross National Research in Self Reported Crime and Delinquency (Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publisher).
25. FERGUSSON, D. M., HORWOOD, L. J. & LYNSKEY, M. T. (1997) Childhood sexual abuse and psychiatric disorders in young adulthood. Part II: Psychiatric outcomes of sexual abuse, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 1365-1374.
26. FERGUSSON, D. M., HORWOOD, L. J. & LYNSKEY, M. T. (1997) The effects of unemployment on psychiatric illness during young adulthood, Psychological Medicine, in press.
27. FERGUSSON, D. M., LYNSKEY, M. T. & HORWOOD, L. J. (1997) The effects of unemployment on juvenile offending, Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, in press.
28. ELLEY, W. B. & IRVING, J. C. (1976) Revised socio-economic status for New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies, 11, 25-36.
29. FERGUSSON, D. M., HORWOOD, L. J. & LYNSKEY, M. T. (1994) Parental separation, adolescent psychopathology and problem behaviors, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 1122-1133.
30. FERGUSSON, D. M., LYNSKEY, M. T. & HORWOOD, L. J. (1997) Childhood sexual abuse and psychiatric disorders in young adulthood. Part I: The prevalence of sexual abuse and the factors associated with sexual abuse, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 1355-1364.
31. WECHSLER, D. (1974) Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Revised (New York, The Psychological Corporation).
32. CONNERS, C. K. (1969) A teacher rating scale for use in drug studies with children, American Journal of Psychiatry, 126, 884-888.
33. CONNERS, C. K. (1970) Symptom patterns in hyperkenetic, neurotic and normal children, Child Development, 41, 667-682.
34. RUTTER, M., TIZARD, J. & WHITMORE, K. (1970) Education, Health and Behaviour (London, Longmans).
35. FERGUSSON, D. M., HORWOOD, L. J. & LLOYD, M. (1992) Confirmatory factor models of attention deficit and conduct disorder, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 33, 1059-1075.
36. COOPERSMITH, S. (1981) SEI: self-esteem inventories (Palo Alto, CA, Consulting Psychologists Press).
37. CLONINGER, C. R. (1987) Neurogenetic adaptive mechanisms in alcoholism, Science, 236, 410-416.
38. ARMSDEN, G. C. & GREENBERG, M. T. (1987) The inventory of parent and peer attachment: individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence, Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16, 427-454.
39. FERGUSSON, D. M. & HORWOOD, L. J. (1996) The role of adolescent peer affiliations in the continuity between childhood behavioral adjustment and juvenile offending, Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 24, 205-221.
40. AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd edn, revised (Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association).
41. FERGUSSON, D. M., FERGUSSON, J. E., HORWOOD, L. J. & KINZETT, N. G. (1988) A longitudinal study of dentine lead levels, intelligence, school performance and behaviour. Part III: Lead levels and attention/activity, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 29, 793-809.
42. FERGUSSON, D. M. & LLOYD, M. (1991) Smoking during pregnancy and effects on child cognitive ability from the age of 8 to 12 years, Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 5, 189-200.
43. LEE, J. (1981) Covariance adjustment of rates based on the multiple logistic regression model, Journal of Chronic Diseases, 34, 415-426.