Visual imagery and perception in posttraumatic stress disorder: A positron emission tomographic investigation

Archives of General Psychiatry

Volumn 54, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 233-241

  Shin, Lisa M ^a   Kosslyn, Stephen M ^a,b   McNally, Richard J ^a   Alpert, Nathaniel M ^b   Thompson, William L ^a   Rauch, Scott L ^b,c   Macklin, Michael L ^d   Pitman, Roger K ^c,d  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^d Veterans Affairs Research Service   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AMYGDALOID NUCLEUS; ARTICLE; BATTLE INJURY; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; CINGULATE GYRUS; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EMOTION; HUMAN; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; SOLDIER; VISUAL STIMULATION; WAR;

EID: 0030892290     PISSN: 0003990X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830150057010     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Blanchard EB, Kolb LC, Gerardi RJ, Ryan P, Pallmeyer TP. Cardiac response to relevant stimuli as an adjunctive tool for diagnosing post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans. Behav Ther. 1986;17:592-606.
2. Orr SP, Pitman RK, Lasko NB, Herz LR. Psychophysiological assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder imagery in World War II and Korean combat veterans. J Abnorm Psychol. 1993;102:152-159.
3. Pitman RK, Orr SP, Forgue DF, de Jong JB, Claiborn JM. Psychophysiologic assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder imagery in Vietnam combat veterans. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1987;44:970-975.
4. Orr SP. An overview of psychophysiological studies of PTSD. PTSD Q. 1994;5:1-7.
5. Rauch SL, van der Kolk BA, Fisler RE, Alpert NM, Orr SP, Savage CR, Fischman AJ, Jenike MA, Pitman RK. A symptom provocation study of posttraumatic stress disorder using positron emission tomography and script-driven imagery. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996;53:380-387.
6. LeDoux JE. Emotion and the amygdala. In: Aggleton JP, ed. The Amygdala: Neurobiological Aspects of Emotion, Memory, and Mental Dysfunction. New York, NY: Wiley-Liss Inc; 1992:339-351.
7. MacLean PD. The Triune Brain in Evolution: Pole in Paleocerebral Functions. New York, NY: Plenum Press; 1990.
8. Papez JW. A proposed mechanism of emotion. Arch Neurol Psychiatry. 1937;38:725-733.
9. Rauch SL, Jenike MA, Alpert NM, Baer L, Breiter HCR, Savage CR, Fischman AJ. Regional cerebral blood flow measured during symptom provocation in obsessive-compulsive disorder using oxygen 15-labeled carbon dioxide and positron emission tomography. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994;51:62-70.
10. Rauch SL, Savage CR, Alpert NM, Miguel EC, Baer L, Breiter HC, Fischman AJ, Manzo PA, Moretti C, Jenike MA. A positron emission tomographic study of simple phobic symptom provocation. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1995;52:20-28.
11. Brett EA, Ostroff R. Imagery and posttraumatic stress disorder: an overview. Am J Psychiatry. 1985;142:417-424.
12. Blake DD, Weathers FW, Nagy LM, Kaloupek DG, Klauminzev G, Keane TM. Rating scale for assessing current and lifetime PTSD: the CAPS-I. Behav Therapist. 1990;13:187-188.
13. Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Gibbon M, First M. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID), Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 1990.
14. Oldfield RC. The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh Inventory. Neuropsychologia. 1971;9:97-113.
15. Keane TM, Fairbank JA, Caddell JM, Zimering RT, Taylor KL, Mora CA. Clinical evaluation of a measure to assess combat exposure. Psychol Assess J Consuit Clin Psychol. 1989;1:53-55.
16. Keane TM, Caddell JM, Taylor K. Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: three studies in reliability and validity. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56:85-90.
17. Beck AT, Steer RA. Beck Depression Inventory Manual. San Antonio, Tex: The Psychological Corp; 1987.
18. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene R, Vagg PR, Jacobs GA. Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Palo Alto, Calif: Consulting Psychologists Press; 1983.
19. Marks DF. Individual differences in the vividness of visual imagery and their effect on function. In: Sheehan WP, ed. The Function and Nature of Imagery. New York: Academic Press; 1972:83-108.
20. Marks DF. Visual imagery differences in the recall of pictures. Br J Psychol. 1973;64:17-24.
21. Kulka RA, Schlenger WE, Fairbank JA, Hough RL, Jordan BK, Marmar CR, Weiss DS. Trauma and the Vietnam Generation: Report of Findings From the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study. New York, NY: Brunner/Mazel; 1990.
22. Lang PJ, Öhman A, Vaitl D. The International Affective Picture System (Photographic Slides). Gainesville, Fla: The Center for Research in Psychophysiology, University of Florida; 1988.
23. Lang PJ, Greenwald MK. The International Affective Picture System Standardization Procedure and Initial Group Results for Affective Judgments: Technical Report 1A. Gainesville, Fla: The Center for Research in Psychophysiology, University of Florida; 1988.
24. McNally RJ, Litz BT, Prassas A, Shin LM, Weathers FW. Emotional priming of autobiographical memory in post-traumatic stress disorder. Cogn Emotion. 1994;8:351-367.
25. Costin D, MacLab: A Macintosh system for psychology labs. Behav Res Instrum Comput. 1988;20:197-200.
26. Talairach J, Tournoux P. Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain. Stuttgart, Germany: Georg Thieme Verlag; 1988.
27. Alpert NM, Berdichevsky D, Weise S, Tang J, Rauch SL. Stereotactic transformation of PET scans by nonlinear least squares, in: Uemura K, Lassen NA, Jones T, Kanno I. Quantification of Brain Function: Tracer Kinetics and Image Analysis in Brain PET. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier Science Publishers; 1993:459-463.
28. Friston KJ, Frith CD, Liddle PF, Frakowiak RSJ. Comparing functional (PET) images: the assessment of significant change. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1991;11:690-699.
29. Kosslyn SM, Shin LM, Thompson WL, McNally RJ, Rauch SL, Pitman RK, Alpert NM. Neural effects of visualizing and perceiving aversive stimuli: a PET investigation. Neuro Report. 1996;7:1569-1576.
30. Rosenthal R, Rosnow RL. Essentials of Behavioral Research: Methods and Data Analysis. New York, NY: McGraw Hill International Book Co; 1991.
31. Laitinen LV. Emotional responses to subcortical electrical stimulation in psychiatric patients. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 1979;81:148-157.
32. Pool JL, Ransohoff J. Autonomic effects on stimulating rostral portion of cingulate gyri in man. J Neurophysiol. 1949;12:385-392.
33. Petersen SE, Fox PT, Posner MI, Mintun M, Raichle ME. Positron emission tomographic studies of the processing of single words. J Cogn Neurosci. 1989;1:153-170.
34. Vogt BA, Finch DM, Olson CR. Functional heterogeneity in cingulate cortex: the anterior executive and posterior evaluative regions. Cereb Cortex. 1992;2:435-443.
35. LeDoux JE. Cognitive-emotional interactions in the brain. Cogn Emotion. 1989;3:267-289.
36. Nishijo H, Ono T, Nishino H. Topographic distribution of modality-specific amygdalar neurons in the alert monkey. J Neurosci. 1988;8:3556-3569.
37. Ono T, Fukuda M, Nishino H, Sasaki K, Muramoto K-I. Amygdaloid neuronal responses to complex visual stimuli in an operant feeding situation in the monkey. Brain Res Bull. 1983;11:515-518.
38. Gloor P, Olivier A, Quesney LF, Andermann F, Horowitz S. Limbic system in experiential phenomena of temporal lobe epilepsy. Ann Neurol. 1982;12:129-144.
39. Pardo JV, Pardo PJ, Raichle ME. Neural correlates of self-induced dysphoria. Am J Psychiatry. 1993;150:713-719.
40. Kertesz A, Hariock W, Coates R. Computer tomographic localization, lesion size, and prognosis in aphasia and nonverbal impairment. Brain Lang. 1979;8:34-50.
41. Ojemann GA. Brain organization for language from the perspective of electrical stimulation mapping. Behav Brain Sci. 1983;2:189-230.
42. McCarthy G, Blamire AM, Rothman DL, Gruetter R, Shulman RG. Echo-planar magnetic resonance imaging studies of frontal cortex activation during word generation in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993;90:4952-4956.