Interpretation of data from multiple trials: A critical review

Journal of Internal Medicine

Volumn 241, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 177-183

  Conn, H O ^a,b,c  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b VA CONNECTICUT HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^c NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLINICAL TRIAL; DATA ANALYSIS; ESOPHAGUS VARICES; HUMAN; META ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SCLEROTHERAPY;

EID: 0030889461     PISSN: 09546820     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2796.1997.118127000.x     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Glass GV. Primary, secondary and meta-anaysis of research. Educ Res 1976; 5: 3-90.
2. Mish FC, ed. Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 10th edn. Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster Inc., 1993.
3. Conn HO, Klatskin G. Filter paper electrophoretic patterns of serum in multiple myeloma. Am J Med 1954: 16: 822-32.
4. Eriksson LS, Conn HO. Branched-chain amino acids in the management of hepatic encephalopathy: an analysis of variants. Hepatology 1989; 10: 228-46.
5. Naylor CD, O'Rourke K, Detsky AS, Baker JP. Parenteral nutrition with branched-chain amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy. A meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 1989; 97: 1033-42.
6. Marchesini G. Long-term oral branched-chain amino acid treatment in chronic hepatic encephalopathy. A randomized double-blind casein-controlled trial. J Hepatol 1990; 11 : 1-10.
7. Conn HO. Complications of portal hypertension. In: Gitnick G, ed. Current Hepatology. 17. St Louis, MO: Mosby, 1997 (in press).
8. Conn HO. Sudden scrotal edema. A post-paracentesis syndrome. Ann Int Med 1971: 74: 943-5.
9. Conn HO. Spontaneous peritonitis and bacteremia in cirrhotic patients caused by enteric bacteria. Ann Intern Med 1964; 60: 568-80.
10. Allen SI, Conn HO. Observations on the effect of exercise on blood ammonia concentration in man. Yale J Biol Med 1960; 33: 133-44.
11. Belkin GA, Conn HO. Blood ammonia concentration and bromosulphalein retention and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 1959; 260: 530-34.
12. Blitzer BL, Mutchnick MG, Joshi PH, Phillips MM, Fessel JM, Conn HO. Adrenocorticosteroid therapy in alcoholic hepatitis: a prosopective double-blind randomized study. Am J Dig Dis 1977; 22: 477-84.
13. Conn HO, Grace ND, Bosch J. Propranolol in the prevention of the first hemorrhage from esophageal varices: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial. Hepatology 1991; 13: 902-12.
14. Conn HO. Poynard T. Corticosteroids and peptic ulcer: metaanalysis of adverse events during steroid therapy. J Int Med 1994; 23: 619-32.
15. Grace ND, Muench H, Chalmers TC. The present status of shunts for portal hypertension in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1966; 50: 684-91.
16. Clarke MJ, Stewart LA. Obtaining data from randomised controlled trials: how much do we need for reliable and informative meta-analyses? Br Med J 1994; 309: 1007-10.
17. Poynard T, Cales P, Pasta L, Ideo G, Pascal JP, Pagliaro L et al. Beta-adrenergic-antagonist drugs in the prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices. An analysis of data and prognostic factors in 589 patients from four randomized clinical trials. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 1532-1538.
18. Nony P, Cucherat M, Haugh MC, Boissel JP. Critical reading of the meta-analysis of clinical trials. Therapie 1995; 50: 339-51.
19. Yusuf S, Collins R, Peto R. Intravenous and intracoronary flbrinolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction: overview of results on mortality, reinfarction and side-effects from 33 randomized controlled trials. Eur Heart J 1985; 6: 556-85.
20. Poynard T, Conn HO. The retrieval of randomized clinical trials in liver disease from the medical literature: a comparison of MEDLARS and manual methods. J Clin Trial. 1985; 6: 271-9.
21. Dickersin K, Hewitt P, Mutch L. Perusing the literature: comparison of medline searching with a perinatal clinical trials database. Controlled Clin Trial. 1985; 6: 606-17.
22. Boissel JP, Bossard N. Registry of prospective clinical trials. Eleventh report. Thromb Haemost 1991; 66: 368-83.
23. Easterbrook PJ. Directory of registries of clinical trials. Stat Med 1992; 11: 345-23.
24. Chalmers I, Dickersin K, Chalmers TC. Getting to grips with Archie Cochrane's agenda. Br Med J 1992; 305: 786-8.
25. Cook DJ, Guyatt GH, Ryan G, Clifton J, Buckingham L, Willan A et al. Should unpublished data be included in meta-analyses? JAMA 1993; 269: 2749-2753.
26. Rochon PA, Gurwitz JH, Cheung CM, Hayes JA, Chalmers TC. Evaluating the quality of articles published in journal supplements compared with the quality of those published in the parent journal. JAMA 1994; 272; 108-113.
27. Chalmers TC, Smith H, Blackburn B. A method for assessing the quality of a randomized controlled trial. Controlled Clin Trial. 1981; 2: 31-49.
28. Sacks HS, Berner J, Reitman D, Ancona-Berk VA. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. N Engl J Med 1987; 316: 450-55.
29. Felson DT. Bias in meta-analytic research. J Clin Epidemiol 1992; 45: 885-92.
30. Simes RJ. Publication bias: the case for an international registry of clinical trials. J Clin Oncol 1986; 4: 1529-1541.
31. Dickersin K, Scherer R, Lefebve C. Identifying relevant studies for systematic reviews. Br Med J 1994; 309: 1286-1291.
32. Easterbrook PJ, Berlin JA, Gopalan R, Matthews DR. Publication bias in clinical research. Lancet 1991; 337: 867-72.
33. Gregoire G, Derderian F, LeLorier J. Selecting the language of the publications included in a meta-analysis: is there a Tower of Babel bias? J Clin Epidemiol 1995; 48: 159-63.
34. Nony P, Boissel JP, Leizorovicz A. Heterogeneity in meta-analysis: potential strategy of identification, analysis and practical interpretation. (Abstract). Controlled Clin Trial. 1991; 12: 85.
35. Friedman HP, Goldberg JD. Meta-analysis: an introduction and point of view. Hepatology 1996; 23: 917-28.
36. Dersimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Controlled Clinical Trial. 1986; 7: 177-88.
37. Pagliaro L, D'Amico G, Sorensen TIA, Lebrec D, Burroughs AK, Morabito A et al. Prevention of first bleeding in cirrhosis. A meta-analysis of randomized trials of nonsurgical treatment. Ann Int Med 1992; 48: 149-57.
38. L'Abbe KA, Detsky AS, O'Rourke K. Meta-analysis in clinical research. Ann Intern Med 1987; 107: 224-33.
39. Bailar JC III. The practice of meta-analysis. J Clin Epidemiol 1995; 48: 149-57.
40. Goldstein PA, Sacks HS, Chalmers TC. Hormone administration for the maintenance of pregnancy. In: Chalmers et al., eds. Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth. Vol. I: Pregnancy. Oxford Univesity Press, 1989; 612-23.
41. Morris RD. Chlorination, chlorination by-products, and cancer: A meta-analysis. Am J Public Health 1992; 82: 955-63.
42. Stewart LA, Farmer MKB. Meta-analysis of the literature or of individual patient data: is there a difference? Lancet 1993; 341: 418-22.
43. Rosenfield RM, Post JC. Meta-analysis of antibiotics for the treatment of otitis media with effusion. Otolaryngol: Head Neck Surg 1992; 106: 378-86.
44. Williams RL, Chalmers TC, Stange KC. Use of antibiotics in preventing recurrent acute otitis media and in treating otitis media with effusion. JAMA 1993; 270: 1344-1351.
45. Mullen M, Mullen M, Carey M. The association between β-agonist use and death from asthma. JAMA 1993; 270: 1842-5.
46. Conn HO, Poynard T. Adrenocorticosteroid administration and peptic ulcer: a critical analysis. J Chron Dis 1985; 38: 457-68.
47. DerSimonian R. Parental nutrition with branched-chain amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy: meta-analysis. Hepatology 1990; 11: 1083-4.
48. Chalmers TC. Data Analysis for Clinical Medicine: the Quantitative Approach to Patient Care in Gastroenterology. International University Press. New York, 1988.