메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 11, 1997, Pages 723-732

Acclimation to low irradiance in Picea abies: Influences of past and present light climate on foliage structure and function

Author keywords

Aging; Carbon balance; Needle longevity; Needle morphology; Nitrogen content; Nonstructural carbohydrates; Norway spruce; Shade tolerance

Indexed keywords

ABIES; PICEA ABIES;

EID: 0030884409     PISSN: 0829318X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/treephys/17.11.723     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (79)

References (73)
  • 1
    • 0002635195 scopus 로고
    • Studies of the woodland light climate. I. The photographic computation of light conditions
    • Anderson, M.C. 1964. Studies of the woodland light climate. I. The photographic computation of light conditions. J. Ecol. 52:27-41.
    • (1964) J. Ecol. , vol.52 , pp. 27-41
    • Anderson, M.C.1
  • 2
    • 0000084999 scopus 로고
    • Effets de conditions microclimatiques différentes sur la morphologie et la structure anatomique des aiguilles de quelques résineux
    • Aussenac, G. 1973. Effets de conditions microclimatiques différentes sur la morphologie et la structure anatomique des aiguilles de quelques résineux. Ann. Sci. For. 30:375-392.
    • (1973) Ann. Sci. For. , vol.30 , pp. 375-392
    • Aussenac, G.1
  • 3
    • 0001599783 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the fascicle surface area for Pinus radiata
    • Beets, P. 1977. Determination of the fascicle surface area for Pinus radiata. N.Z. J. For. Sci. 7:397-407.
    • (1977) N.Z. J. For. Sci. , vol.7 , pp. 397-407
    • Beets, P.1
  • 4
    • 0000184226 scopus 로고
    • Surface area of needles in Pinus radiata - Variation with respect to age and crown position
    • Benecke, U. 1979. Surface area of needles in Pinus radiata - variation with respect to age and crown position. N.Z. J. For. Sci. 9:267-271.
    • (1979) N.Z. J. For. Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 267-271
    • Benecke, U.1
  • 6
    • 0000794353 scopus 로고
    • Specific leaf area and leaf area distribution in a young Douglas-fir plantation
    • Borghetti, M., G.G. Vendramin and R. Giannini. 1986. Specific leaf area and leaf area distribution in a young Douglas-fir plantation. Can. J. For. Res. 16:1283-1288.
    • (1986) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.16 , pp. 1283-1288
    • Borghetti, M.1    Vendramin, G.G.2    Giannini, R.3
  • 7
    • 0028250056 scopus 로고
    • Acclimation responses of mature Abies amabilis sun foliage to shading
    • Brooks, J.R., T.M. Hinckley and D.G. Sprugel. 1994. Acclimation responses of mature Abies amabilis sun foliage to shading. Oecologia 100:316-324.
    • (1994) Oecologia , vol.100 , pp. 316-324
    • Brooks, J.R.1    Hinckley, T.M.2    Sprugel, D.G.3
  • 8
    • 0029788386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of light acclimation during and after foliage expansion on photosynthesis of Abies amabilis foliage within the canopy
    • Brooks, J.R., D.G. Sprugel and T.M. Hinckley. 1996. The effects of light acclimation during and after foliage expansion on photosynthesis of Abies amabilis foliage within the canopy. Oecologia 107:21-32.
    • (1996) Oecologia , vol.107 , pp. 21-32
    • Brooks, J.R.1    Sprugel, D.G.2    Hinckley, T.M.3
  • 10
    • 84941103238 scopus 로고
    • Effects of multiple environmental stresses on nutrient availability and use
    • Eds. H.A. Mooney, W.E. Winner and E.J. Pell. Physiological Ecology Monogr. Academic Press, Inc., New York
    • Chapin, F.S., III. 1991. Effects of multiple environmental stresses on nutrient availability and use. In Response of Plants to Multiple Stresses. Eds. H.A. Mooney, W.E. Winner and E.J. Pell. Physiological Ecology Monogr. Academic Press, Inc., New York, pp 67-88.
    • (1991) Response of Plants to Multiple Stresses , pp. 67-88
    • Chapin F.S. III1
  • 11
    • 0000864849 scopus 로고
    • Diurnal change in specific leaf weight of Medicago sativa L. and Zea mays L
    • Chatterton, N.J., D.R. Lee and W.E. Hungerford. 1972. Diurnal change in specific leaf weight of Medicago sativa L. and Zea mays L. Crop Sci. 12:576-578.
    • (1972) Crop Sci. , vol.12 , pp. 576-578
    • Chatterton, N.J.1    Lee, D.R.2    Hungerford, W.E.3
  • 12
    • 0001201249 scopus 로고
    • Specific leaf area of Douglas-fir reproduction as affected by light and needle age
    • Del Rio, E. and A. Berg. 1979. Specific leaf area of Douglas-fir reproduction as affected by light and needle age. For. Sci. 25:183-186.
    • (1979) For. Sci. , vol.25 , pp. 183-186
    • Del Rio, E.1    Berg, A.2
  • 13
    • 0030037971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate metabolism in one- and two-year-old spruce needles, and stem carbohydrates from three months before until three months after bud break
    • Egger, B., W. Einig, A. Schlereth, T. Wallenda, E. Magel, A. Loewe and R. Hampp. 1996. Carbohydrate metabolism in one-and two-year-old spruce needles, and stem carbohydrates from three months before until three months after bud break. Physiol. Plant. 96:91-100.
    • (1996) Physiol. Plant. , vol.96 , pp. 91-100
    • Egger, B.1    Einig, W.2    Schlereth, A.3    Wallenda, T.4    Magel, E.5    Loewe, A.6    Hampp, R.7
  • 14
    • 0009009875 scopus 로고
    • Carbon partitioning in Norway spruce: Amounts of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and of intermediates of starch/sucrose synthesis in relation to needle age and degree of needle loss
    • Einig, W. and R. Hampp. 1990. Carbon partitioning in Norway spruce: amounts of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and of intermediates of starch/sucrose synthesis in relation to needle age and degree of needle loss. Trees 4:9-15.
    • (1990) Trees , vol.4 , pp. 9-15
    • Einig, W.1    Hampp, R.2
  • 15
    • 0002030637 scopus 로고
    • The allocation of protein nitrogen in the photosynthetic apparatus: Costs, consequences, and control
    • Ed. W.R. Briggs. Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York
    • Evans, J.R. and J.R. Seemann. 1989. The allocation of protein nitrogen in the photosynthetic apparatus: costs, consequences, and control. In Photosynthesis, Plant Biology 8. Ed. W.R. Briggs. Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, pp 183-205.
    • (1989) Photosynthesis, Plant Biology , vol.8 , pp. 183-205
    • Evans, J.R.1    Seemann, J.R.2
  • 16
    • 0027087969 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient dynamics in singleleaf pinyon (Pinus monophylla Torr & Frem.) needles
    • Everett, R.L. and D.F. Thran. 1992. Nutrient dynamics in singleleaf pinyon (Pinus monophylla Torr & Frem.) needles. Tree Physiol. 10:59-68.
    • (1992) Tree Physiol. , vol.10 , pp. 59-68
    • Everett, R.L.1    Thran, D.F.2
  • 17
    • 0020431732 scopus 로고
    • Secondary growth in needle leaves of Pinus longaeva (bristlecone pine) and other conifers: Quantitative data
    • Ewers, F.W. 1982. Secondary growth in needle leaves of Pinus longaeva (bristlecone pine) and other conifers: quantitative data. Am. J. Bot. 69:1552-1559.
    • (1982) Am. J. Bot. , vol.69 , pp. 1552-1559
    • Ewers, F.W.1
  • 18
    • 0000721897 scopus 로고
    • Lignin: Its constitution and formation from p-hydroxycinnamyl alcohols
    • Freudenberg, K. 1965. Lignin: its constitution and formation from p-hydroxycinnamyl alcohols. Science 148:595-600.
    • (1965) Science , vol.148 , pp. 595-600
    • Freudenberg, K.1
  • 20
    • 0000445308 scopus 로고
    • Carbohydrate dynamics in mature Pinus elliotti var. elliotti trees
    • Gholz, H.L. and W.P. Cropper, Jr. 1991. Carbohydrate dynamics in mature Pinus elliotti var. elliotti trees. Can. J. For. Res. 21:1742-1747.
    • (1991) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.21 , pp. 1742-1747
    • Gholz, H.L.1    Cropper W.P., Jr.2
  • 21
    • 0029104040 scopus 로고
    • Canopy dynamics and the morphological development of Abies balsamea: Effects of foliage age on specific leaf area and secondary vascular development
    • Gilmore, D.W., R.S. Seymour, W.A. Halteman and M.S. Greenwood. 1995. Canopy dynamics and the morphological development of Abies balsamea: effects of foliage age on specific leaf area and secondary vascular development. Tree Physiol. 15:47-55.
    • (1995) Tree Physiol. , vol.15 , pp. 47-55
    • Gilmore, D.W.1    Seymour, R.S.2    Halteman, W.A.3    Greenwood, M.S.4
  • 22
    • 0024226388 scopus 로고
    • Adaptation to sun and shade: A whole-plant perspective
    • Givnish, T.J. 1988. Adaptation to sun and shade: a whole-plant perspective. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 15:63-92.
    • (1988) Aust. J. Plant Physiol. , vol.15 , pp. 63-92
    • Givnish, T.J.1
  • 23
    • 0003327626 scopus 로고
    • Aboveground production and N and P use by Larix occidentalis and Pinus contorta in the Washington Cascades, USA
    • Gower, S.T., C.C. Grier and K.A. Vogt. 1989. Aboveground production and N and P use by Larix occidentalis and Pinus contorta in the Washington Cascades, USA. Tree Physiol. 5:1-11.
    • (1989) Tree Physiol. , vol.5 , pp. 1-11
    • Gower, S.T.1    Grier, C.C.2    Vogt, K.A.3
  • 24
    • 0001694928 scopus 로고
    • Crown structure and stem growth of Norway spruce undergrowth under varying shading
    • Greis, I. and S. Kellomäki. 1981. Crown structure and stem growth of Norway spruce undergrowth under varying shading. Silva Fenn. 40:86-93.
    • (1981) Silva Fenn. , vol.40 , pp. 86-93
    • Greis, I.1    Kellomäki, S.2
  • 25
    • 0010625851 scopus 로고
    • Wasser- und Elementbilanz von geschädigten, gedüngten Fichtenökosystemen im Fichtelgebirge unter Berücksichtigung von physikalischer und chemischer Bodenheterogenität
    • Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde und Bodengeographie der Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
    • Hantschel, R. 1987. Wasser-und Elementbilanz von geschädigten, gedüngten Fichtenökosystemen im Fichtelgebirge unter Berücksichtigung von physikalischer und chemischer Bodenheterogenität. Bayreuther Bodenkundliche Berichte. Bd. 3. Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde und Bodengeographie der Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany, 219 p.
    • (1987) Bayreuther Bodenkundliche Berichte , vol.3
    • Hantschel, R.1
  • 26
    • 0005788175 scopus 로고
    • Beziehungen des Chlorophyllgehaltes zu Standortsfaktoren, Ernährungszustand und Wachstum bei Koniferen
    • Heinze, M. and H.-J. Fiedler. 1976. Beziehungen des Chlorophyllgehaltes zu Standortsfaktoren, Ernährungszustand und Wachstum bei Koniferen. Flora 165:269-293.
    • (1976) Flora , vol.165 , pp. 269-293
    • Heinze, M.1    Fiedler, H.-J.2
  • 27
    • 85056582980 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient retranslocation within the foliage of Pinus sylvestris
    • Helmisaari, H.-S. 1992. Nutrient retranslocation within the foliage of Pinus sylvestris. Tree Physiol. 10:45-58.
    • (1992) Tree Physiol. , vol.10 , pp. 45-58
    • Helmisaari, H.-S.1
  • 28
    • 0000926209 scopus 로고
    • Diurnal fluctuations in cotton leaf carbon export, carbohydrate content, and sucrose synthesizing enzymes
    • Hendrix, D.L. and S.C. Huber. 1986. Diurnal fluctuations in cotton leaf carbon export, carbohydrate content, and sucrose synthesizing enzymes. Plant Physiol. 81:584-586.
    • (1986) Plant Physiol. , vol.81 , pp. 584-586
    • Hendrix, D.L.1    Huber, S.C.2
  • 29
    • 85036484456 scopus 로고
    • Vozrastnaya i sezonnaya dinamika kalorinosti hvoi yeli yevropeiskoi
    • In Russian
    • Ivask, M.M. 1983. Vozrastnaya i sezonnaya dinamika kalorinosti hvoi yeli yevropeiskoi. (Age and seasonal dynamics of caloricity in Picea abies needle). Lesovedeniye 0(4):36-42. In Russian.
    • (1983) Lesovedeniye , Issue.4 , pp. 36-42
    • Ivask, M.M.1
  • 30
    • 0001475702 scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny of photosynthetic performance in Fragaria virginiana under changing light regimes
    • Jurik, T.W., J.F. Chabot and B.F. Chabot. 1979. Ontogeny of photosynthetic performance in Fragaria virginiana under changing light regimes. Plant Physiol. 63:542-547.
    • (1979) Plant Physiol. , vol.63 , pp. 542-547
    • Jurik, T.W.1    Chabot, J.F.2    Chabot, B.F.3
  • 31
    • 84995007778 scopus 로고
    • Leaf survivals of tree species in deciduous broad-leaved forests
    • Kikuzawa, K. 1988. Leaf survivals of tree species in deciduous broad-leaved forests. Plant Species Biol. 3:67-76.
    • (1988) Plant Species Biol. , vol.3 , pp. 67-76
    • Kikuzawa, K.1
  • 32
    • 51249182624 scopus 로고
    • Growth pattern of Abies mariesii saplings under conditions of open-growth and suppression
    • Kohyama, T. 1980. Growth pattern of Abies mariesii saplings under conditions of open-growth and suppression. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 93:13-24.
    • (1980) Bot. Mag. Tokyo , vol.93 , pp. 13-24
    • Kohyama, T.1
  • 33
    • 0009566128 scopus 로고
    • Needle longevity and photosynthetic performance in Cembran pine and Norway spruce growing on the north- and east-facing slopes at the timberline in the Swiss Alps
    • Eds. W.C. Schmidt and F.-K. Holtmeier. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Ft. Collins, CO
    • Koike, T., R. Häsler and H. Item. 1994. Needle longevity and photosynthetic performance in Cembran pine and Norway spruce growing on the north-and east-facing slopes at the timberline in the Swiss Alps. In Subalpine Stone Pines and Their Environment: The Status of Our Knowledge. Eds. W.C. Schmidt and F.-K. Holtmeier. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Ft. Collins, CO, pp 78-80.
    • (1994) Subalpine Stone Pines and Their Environment: The Status of Our Knowledge , pp. 78-80
    • Koike, T.1    Häsler, R.2    Item, H.3
  • 34
    • 85036489429 scopus 로고
    • Izmenchivost hvoi yeli yevropeiskoi v zavisimosti ot radiatsionnogo rezhima vnutri krony
    • In Russian
    • Koppel, A.T. and J.M. Frey. 1984. Izmenchivost hvoi yeli yevropeiskoi v zavisimosti ot radiatsionnogo rezhima vnutri krony. (Variability of Norway spruce needles related to radiation regime within the crown). Lesovedeniye 0(3):53-59. In Russian.
    • (1984) Lesovedeniye , Issue.3 , pp. 53-59
    • Koppel, A.T.1    Frey, J.M.2
  • 35
    • 0001143395 scopus 로고
    • Variation in leaf morphometry and nitrogen concentration in Betula pendula Roth., Corylus avellana L. and Lonicera xylosteum L
    • Kull, O. and Ü. Niinemets. 1993. Variation in leaf morphometry and nitrogen concentration in Betula pendula Roth., Corylus avellana L. and Lonicera xylosteum L. Tree Physiol. 12:311-318.
    • (1993) Tree Physiol. , vol.12 , pp. 311-318
    • Kull, O.1    Niinemets, Ü.2
  • 36
    • 0013625986 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation of pigments in needles. A study of Scots pine and Norway spruce seedlings grown under different nursery conditions
    • Linder, S. 1972. Seasonal variation of pigments in needles. A study of Scots pine and Norway spruce seedlings grown under different nursery conditions. Stud. For. Suec. 100:1-37.
    • (1972) Stud. For. Suec. , vol.100 , pp. 1-37
    • Linder, S.1
  • 37
    • 0342369279 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the pigment system
    • Dust Pollution and Forest Ecosystems. Ed. M. Mandre. Institute of Ecology Publications. 3. Institute of Ecology, Tallinn, Estonia
    • Mandre, M. and L. Tuulmets. 1995. Changes in the pigment system. In Dust Pollution and Forest Ecosystems. A Study of Conifers in an Alkalized Environment. Ed. M. Mandre. Institute of Ecology Publications. 3. Institute of Ecology, Tallinn, Estonia, pp 66-77.
    • (1995) A Study of Conifers in an Alkalized Environment , pp. 66-77
    • Mandre, M.1    Tuulmets, L.2
  • 38
    • 34249918535 scopus 로고
    • Crown profile of foliage area characterized with the Weibull distribution in a hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) stand
    • Mori, S. and A. Hagihara. 1991. Crown profile of foliage area characterized with the Weibull distribution in a hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) stand. Trees 5:149-152.
    • (1991) Trees , vol.5 , pp. 149-152
    • Mori, S.1    Hagihara, A.2
  • 39
    • 0029173902 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of foliar carbon and nitrogen across the canopy of Fagus sylvatica: Adaptation to a vertical light gradient
    • Niinemets, Ü. 1995. Distribution of foliar carbon and nitrogen across the canopy of Fagus sylvatica: adaptation to a vertical light gradient. Acta Oecol. 16:525-541.
    • (1995) Acta Oecol. , vol.16 , pp. 525-541
    • Niinemets, Ü.1
  • 40
    • 0030301362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in foliage distribution with tree size and relative irradiance: Differences between the saplings of Acer platanoides and Quercus robur
    • Niinemets, Ü. 1996. Changes in foliage distribution with tree size and relative irradiance: differences between the saplings of Acer platanoides and Quercus robur. Ecol. Res. 11:269-281.
    • (1996) Ecol. Res. , vol.11 , pp. 269-281
    • Niinemets, Ü.1
  • 41
    • 0031040376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution patterns of foliar carbon and nitrogen as affected by tree dimensions and relative light conditions in the canopy of Picea abies
    • Niinemets, Ü. 1997a. Distribution patterns of foliar carbon and nitrogen as affected by tree dimensions and relative light conditions in the canopy of Picea abies. Trees 11:144-154.
    • (1997) Trees , vol.11 , pp. 144-154
    • Niinemets, Ü.1
  • 42
    • 0030794776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of foliar nitrogen in light harvesting and shade-tolerance in four temperate deciduous woody species
    • In press
    • Niinemets, Ü. 1997b. Role of foliar nitrogen in light harvesting and shade-tolerance in four temperate deciduous woody species. Funct. Ecol. In press.
    • (1997) Funct. Ecol.
    • Niinemets, Ü.1
  • 43
    • 0029176617 scopus 로고
    • Effects of light availability and tree size on the architecture of assimilative surface in the canopy of Picea abies: Variation in shoot structure
    • Niinemets, Ü. and O. Kull. 1995a. Effects of light availability and tree size on the architecture of assimilative surface in the canopy of Picea abies: variation in shoot structure. Tree Physiol. 15:791-798.
    • (1995) Tree Physiol. , vol.15 , pp. 791-798
    • Niinemets, Ü.1    Kull, O.2
  • 44
    • 0029108147 scopus 로고
    • Effects of light availability and tree size on the architecture of assimilative surface in the canopy of Picea abies: Variation in needle morphology
    • Niinemets, Ü. and O. Kull. 1995b. Effects of light availability and tree size on the architecture of assimilative surface in the canopy of Picea abies: variation in needle morphology. Tree Physiol. 15:307-315.
    • (1995) Tree Physiol. , vol.15 , pp. 307-315
    • Niinemets, Ü.1    Kull, O.2
  • 45
    • 0023500586 scopus 로고
    • Leaf dynamics in an evergreen and a deciduous species with even-aged leaf cohorts from different environments
    • Nilsen, E.T., M.R. Sharifi and P.W. Rundel. 1987. Leaf dynamics in an evergreen and a deciduous species with even-aged leaf cohorts from different environments. Am. Midl. Nat. 118:46-55.
    • (1987) Am. Midl. Nat. , vol.118 , pp. 46-55
    • Nilsen, E.T.1    Sharifi, M.R.2    Rundel, P.W.3
  • 46
    • 0342804182 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the transparency of a forest canopy by fish-eye photographs
    • Ed. T. Frey. Estonian IBP Report. 12, Academy of Sciences of the Estonian S.S.R., Estonian Republican Committee for IBP, Tartu, Estonia
    • Nilson, T. and V. Ross. 1979. Characterization of the transparency of a forest canopy by fish-eye photographs. In Spruce Forest Ecosystem Structure and Ecology, Vol. 2. Ed. T. Frey. Estonian IBP Report. 12, Academy of Sciences of the Estonian S.S.R., Estonian Republican Committee for IBP, Tartu, Estonia, pp 114-130.
    • (1979) Spruce Forest Ecosystem Structure and Ecology , vol.2 , pp. 114-130
    • Nilson, T.1    Ross, V.2
  • 47
    • 0001200575 scopus 로고
    • Photosynthesis in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.). III. Measurements of canopy structure and interception of radiation
    • Norman, J.M. and P.G. Jarvis. 1974. Photosynthesis in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.). III. Measurements of canopy structure and interception of radiation. J. Appl. Ecol. 11:375-398.
    • (1974) J. Appl. Ecol. , vol.11 , pp. 375-398
    • Norman, J.M.1    Jarvis, P.G.2
  • 48
    • 0005587716 scopus 로고
    • Estimating surface area of Pinus radiata needles using needle weight
    • Ohmart, C.P. and J.R. Thomas. 1986. Estimating surface area of Pinus radiata needles using needle weight. Aust. For. Res. 16:85-89.
    • (1986) Aust. For. Res. , vol.16 , pp. 85-89
    • Ohmart, C.P.1    Thomas, J.R.2
  • 49
    • 0001617557 scopus 로고
    • The ratio of shoot silhouette to total needle area in Scots pine
    • Oker-Blom, P. and H. Smolander. 1988. The ratio of shoot silhouette to total needle area in Scots pine. For. Sci. 34:894-906.
    • (1988) For. Sci. , vol.34 , pp. 894-906
    • Oker-Blom, P.1    Smolander, H.2
  • 50
    • 0022847518 scopus 로고
    • Estimating photosynthetic rate and annual carbon gain in conifers from specific leaf weight and leaf biomass
    • Oren, R., E.-D. Schulze, R. Matyssek and R. Zimmermann. 1986. Estimating photosynthetic rate and annual carbon gain in conifers from specific leaf weight and leaf biomass. Oecologia 70:187-193.
    • (1986) Oecologia , vol.70 , pp. 187-193
    • Oren, R.1    Schulze, E.-D.2    Matyssek, R.3    Zimmermann, R.4
  • 51
    • 0001806326 scopus 로고
    • Photosynthetic acclimation to changing light environments: Scaling from the leaf to the whole plant
    • Exploitation of Environmental Heterogeneity by Plants. Eds. M.M. Caldwell and R.W. Pearcy. Physiological Ecology Monogr. Academic Press, New York
    • Pearcy, R.W. and D.A. Sims. 1994. Photosynthetic acclimation to changing light environments: scaling from the leaf to the whole plant. In Exploitation of Environmental Heterogeneity by Plants. Ecophysiological Processes Above-and Belowground. Eds. M.M. Caldwell and R.W. Pearcy. Physiological Ecology Monogr. Academic Press, New York, pp 145-174.
    • (1994) Ecophysiological Processes Above- and Belowground , pp. 145-174
    • Pearcy, R.W.1    Sims, D.A.2
  • 52
    • 0013529962 scopus 로고
    • Diurnal variations of photosynthates, proteins and mineral substances in alfalfa leaves
    • Plhák, F. 1984. Diurnal variations of photosynthates, proteins and mineral substances in alfalfa leaves. Photosynthetica 18:338-343.
    • (1984) Photosynthetica , vol.18 , pp. 338-343
    • Plhák, F.1
  • 53
    • 0027100706 scopus 로고
    • Leaf life-span in relation to leaf, plant, and stand characteristics among diverse ecosystems
    • Reich, P.B., M.B. Walters and D.S. Ellsworth. 1992. Leaf life-span in relation to leaf, plant, and stand characteristics among diverse ecosystems. Ecol. Monogr. 62:365-392.
    • (1992) Ecol. Monogr. , vol.62 , pp. 365-392
    • Reich, P.B.1    Walters, M.B.2    Ellsworth, D.S.3
  • 54
    • 0029767947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that longer needle retention of spruce and pine populations at high elevations and high latitudes is largely a phenotypic response
    • Reich, P.B., J. Oleksyn, J. Modrzynski and M.G. Tjoelker. 1996. Evidence that longer needle retention of spruce and pine populations at high elevations and high latitudes is largely a phenotypic response. Tree Physiol. 16:643-647.
    • (1996) Tree Physiol. , vol.16 , pp. 643-647
    • Reich, P.B.1    Oleksyn, J.2    Modrzynski, J.3    Tjoelker, M.G.4
  • 55
    • 0020869722 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of different methods for measuring the canopy light regime
    • Salminen, R., T. Nilson, P. Hari, L. Kaipiainen and J. Ross. 1983. A comparison of different methods for measuring the canopy light regime. J. Appl. Ecol. 20:897-904.
    • (1983) J. Appl. Ecol. , vol.20 , pp. 897-904
    • Salminen, R.1    Nilson, T.2    Hari, P.3    Kaipiainen, L.4    Ross, J.5
  • 56
    • 0002209701 scopus 로고
    • Potential effect of premature needle loss on the foliar biomass and nutrient retention of lodgepole pine
    • Eds. R.K. Olson and A.S. Lefohn. Air & Waste Management Association, Anaheim, CA
    • Schoettle, A.W. 1989. Potential effect of premature needle loss on the foliar biomass and nutrient retention of lodgepole pine. In Transactions of Air Pollution on Western Forests. Eds. R.K. Olson and A.S. Lefohn. Air & Waste Management Association, Anaheim, CA, pp 443-454.
    • (1989) Transactions of Air Pollution on Western Forests , pp. 443-454
    • Schoettle, A.W.1
  • 57
    • 0001419336 scopus 로고
    • The interaction between leaf longevity and shoot growth and foliar biomass per shoot in Pinus contorta at two elevations
    • Schoettle, A.W. 1990. The interaction between leaf longevity and shoot growth and foliar biomass per shoot in Pinus contorta at two elevations. Tree Physiol. 7:209-214.
    • (1990) Tree Physiol. , vol.7 , pp. 209-214
    • Schoettle, A.W.1
  • 58
    • 3242862199 scopus 로고
    • Spacial distribution of photosynthetic capacity and performance in a mountain spruce forest of northern Germany. III. The significance of the evergreen habit
    • Schulze, E.-D., M. Fuchs and M.I. Fuchs. 1977. Spacial distribution of photosynthetic capacity and performance in a mountain spruce forest of northern Germany. III. The significance of the evergreen habit. Oecologia 30:239-248.
    • (1977) Oecologia , vol.30 , pp. 239-248
    • Schulze, E.-D.1    Fuchs, M.2    Fuchs, M.I.3
  • 59
    • 0021567044 scopus 로고
    • Variation in the surface area relationships of loblolly pine fascicles
    • Shelton, M.G. and G.L. Switzer. 1984. Variation in the surface area relationships of loblolly pine fascicles. For. Sci. 30:355-363.
    • (1984) For. Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 355-363
    • Shelton, M.G.1    Switzer, G.L.2
  • 60
    • 0002101207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of light on shoot geometry and needle morphology in Abies amabilis
    • Sprugel, D.G., J.R. Brooks and T.M. Hinckley. 1996. Effects of light on shoot geometry and needle morphology in Abies amabilis. Tree Physiol. 16:91-98.
    • (1996) Tree Physiol. , vol.16 , pp. 91-98
    • Sprugel, D.G.1    Brooks, J.R.2    Hinckley, T.M.3
  • 61
    • 85005307126 scopus 로고
    • Cytology of Norway spruce needles. I. Changes during aging
    • Sutinen, S. 1987. Cytology of Norway spruce needles. I. Changes during aging. Eur. J. For. Path. 17:65-73.
    • (1987) Eur. J. For. Path. , vol.17 , pp. 65-73
    • Sutinen, S.1
  • 62
    • 0028154648 scopus 로고
    • Effects of leaf blade narrowness and petiole length on the light capture efficiency of a shoot
    • Takenaka, A. 1994. Effects of leaf blade narrowness and petiole length on the light capture efficiency of a shoot. Ecol. Res. 9:109-114.
    • (1994) Ecol. Res. , vol.9 , pp. 109-114
    • Takenaka, A.1
  • 63
    • 0021628644 scopus 로고
    • Change in photosynthesis and water relations with age and season in Abies amabilis
    • Teskey, R.O., C.C. Grier and T.M. Hinckley. 1984. Change in photosynthesis and water relations with age and season in Abies amabilis. Can. J. For. Res. 14:77-84.
    • (1984) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.14 , pp. 77-84
    • Teskey, R.O.1    Grier, C.C.2    Hinckley, T.M.3
  • 64
    • 0001760336 scopus 로고
    • Morphological changes in leaves of residual western hemlock after clear and shelterwood cutting
    • Tucker, G.F. and W.H. Emmingham. 1977. Morphological changes in leaves of residual western hemlock after clear and shelterwood cutting. For. Sci. 23:195-203.
    • (1977) For. Sci. , vol.23 , pp. 195-203
    • Tucker, G.F.1    Emmingham, W.H.2
  • 65
    • 3343020076 scopus 로고
    • Die Wasser- und Stoffdynamik in zwei unterschiedlich geschädigten Fichtenstandorten im Fichtelgebirge
    • Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde und Bodengeographie der Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
    • Türk, T. 1992. Die Wasser-und Stoffdynamik in zwei unterschiedlich geschädigten Fichtenstandorten im Fichtelgebirge. Bayreuther Bodenkundliche Berichte. Bd. 22. Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde und Bodengeographie der Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany, 231 p.
    • (1992) Bayreuther Bodenkundliche Berichte , vol.22
    • Türk, T.1
  • 66
    • 0002730842 scopus 로고
    • Needle area relationships of Scots pine in the Netherlands
    • van Hees, A.F.M. and H.H. Bartelink. 1993. Needle area relationships of Scots pine in the Netherlands. For. Ecol. Manage. 58:19-31.
    • (1993) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.58 , pp. 19-31
    • Van Hees, A.F.M.1    Bartelink, H.H.2
  • 67
    • 0000030896 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of four methods calculating the seasonal pattern of plant growth efficiency of a kiwifruit berry
    • Walton, E.F., T.M. DeJong and R.S. Loomis. 1990. Comparison of four methods calculating the seasonal pattern of plant growth efficiency of a kiwifruit berry. Ann. Bot. 66:299-307.
    • (1990) Ann. Bot. , vol.66 , pp. 299-307
    • Walton, E.F.1    DeJong, T.M.2    Loomis, R.S.3
  • 68
    • 0000045487 scopus 로고
    • Photosynthetic performance, chloroplast pigments, and mineral content of various needle age classes of spruce (Picea abies) with and without the new flush: An experimental approach for analysing forest decline phenomena
    • Weikert, R.M., M. Wedler, M. Lippert, P. Schramel and O.L. Lange. 1989. Photosynthetic performance, chloroplast pigments, and mineral content of various needle age classes of spruce (Picea abies) with and without the new flush: an experimental approach for analysing forest decline phenomena. Trees 3:161-172.
    • (1989) Trees , vol.3 , pp. 161-172
    • Weikert, R.M.1    Wedler, M.2    Lippert, M.3    Schramel, P.4    Lange, O.L.5
  • 69
    • 84900470412 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal development of leaf area in a young, widely spaced Pinus radiata D. Don stand
    • Whitehead, D., F.M. Kelliher, C.M. Frampton and M.J.S. Godfrey. 1994. Seasonal development of leaf area in a young, widely spaced Pinus radiata D. Don stand. Tree Physiol. 14:1019-1038.
    • (1994) Tree Physiol. , vol.14 , pp. 1019-1038
    • Whitehead, D.1    Kelliher, F.M.2    Frampton, C.M.3    Godfrey, M.J.S.4
  • 71
    • 0024484922 scopus 로고
    • Relationships among leaf construction cost, leaf longevity and light environment in rain-forest plants of the genus Piper
    • Williams, K., C.B. Field and H.A. Mooney. 1989. Relationships among leaf construction cost, leaf longevity and light environment in rain-forest plants of the genus Piper. Am. Nat. 133:198-211.
    • (1989) Am. Nat. , vol.133 , pp. 198-211
    • Williams, K.1    Field, C.B.2    Mooney, H.A.3
  • 72
    • 0026363690 scopus 로고
    • Leaf specific mass confounds leaf density and thickness
    • Witkowski, E.T.F. and B.B. Lamont. 1991. Leaf specific mass confounds leaf density and thickness. Oecologia 88:486-493.
    • (1991) Oecologia , vol.88 , pp. 486-493
    • Witkowski, E.T.F.1    Lamont, B.B.2
  • 73
    • 34249962245 scopus 로고
    • 2 and plant growth. II. Non-structural carbohydrate content and its effect on growth parameters
    • 2 and plant growth. II. Non-structural carbohydrate content and its effect on growth parameters. Photosynth. Res. 23:171-180.
    • (1990) Photosynth. Res. , vol.23 , pp. 171-180
    • Wong, S.-C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.