Exploring the future for pensions pillarisation

Futures

Volumn 29, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 159-176

  Charlton, Roger ^a   McKinnon, Roddy ^b   Munro, Harry T ^b  

^a GLASGOW CALEDONIAN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b GLASGOW CALEDONIAN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FUTURE PROSPECT; PENSIONS PROVISION; POLICY IMPLICATION; SOCIAL INSURANCE; SOCIAL POLICY;

EID: 0030884120     PISSN: 00163287     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0016-3287(96)00074-2     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. The World Bank, Averting The Old Age Crisis: Policies to Protect The Old and Promote Growth. OUP, Oxford, 1994, pp. 291.
2. It is important to stress that the term pillarisation, or pillarised system, is not yet universally utilised. As outlined more fully in the text, the ILO has studiously avoided adopting it, preferring the term 'tiered'. It can be hypothesised that there are two different reasons behind the ILO's careful and deliberate avoidance of the term pillar. The first is clearly ideological. The use of the term 'pillar' by the World Bank denotes equality of importance between elements, and, therefore, between public and private management and delivery of pensions. The use of the term 'tier' by the ILO deliberately denotes a hierarchy of importance, which clearly prioritises the public elements above the private element. The second reason is the ILOs earlier usage of the term to denote, in the context of demographic profiling, a structural representation of an ageing population; see, International Labour Office, From Pyramid to Pillar: Population Change and Social Security in Europe. 1LO, Geneva, 1989.
3. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. 291.
4. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. 234.
5. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. 17.
6. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. 17.
7. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, pp. 248-249.
8. Significantly, the Bank defines the United Kingdom's existing pension delivery provisions as 'probably too complicated for most developing countries ...' The World Bank, op cit, p. 249.
9. Whiteside, N., Creating the welfare state in Britain, 1945-1960, Journal of Social Policy, 1996, 25(1), 83-103.
10. MISSOC, European Commission, Social Protection in the Member States of the European Union, 1994. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, 1995, p. 11.
11. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. 10.
12. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. 12.
13. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. 14.
14. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. 292.
15. Vittas, D., Swiss-Chilanpore: The Way Forward for Pension Reform?, Working Paper Series, WPS 1093, The World Bank, Washington DC, 1993, p. 4.
16. Ibid.
17. International Labour Office (ILO), Social Insurance and Social Protection, Report of the Director-General, 1993. ILO, Geneva, 1993, p. 58.
18. European Commission, op cit, reference 10, p. 11.
19. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. 249.
20. Marsland, D., The roots and consequences of paternalistic paternalism: Beveridge and his influence. Social Policy and Administration, 1992, 26(2), 144-150.
21. Bennett, R., Decentralisation, Local Governments, and Markets: Towards a Post-Welfare Agenda, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990.
22. European Commission, op cit, reference 10, p. 11.
23. Op cit, reference 10.
24. Field, F., Making Welfare Work, Institute for Community Studies, London, 1995.
25. Kane, C. and Palacios, R., The implicit pension debt, Finance & Development, 1996, 33(2), 37.
26. European Commission, op cit, p. 11.
27. Hutton, W., Forget austerity - Britain's rich. The Guardian, 19 October 1996, p. 15.
28. Hills, J., Funding the welfare state, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 1995, 11(3), 39.
29. Ibid. Hills' example is the U.K.
30. Kane, C. and Palacios, R., op cit, reference 25, pp. 36-37.
31. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, pp. 90-92.
32. Tamburi, G., Misunderstanding pension privatization - the case against do-it-yourself pension kits, Benefits and Compensation International, 1992, 21(7), 7.
33. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. 254.
34. Bitran, E. and Saez, R. E., Privatisation and regulation in Chile. In The Chilean Economy: Policy Lessons and Challenges, eds B. P. Bosworth, R. Dornbusch and R. Laban, The Brookings Institute, Washington DC, 1994, p. 339.
35. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. 292.
36. Op cit, reference 1. p. 16.
37. Op cit, reference 1.
38. Op cit, see reference 1.
39. James, E., Averting the old-age crisis. Finance & Development, 1995, 32(2), 6.
40. Ibid.
41. Demirgüç-Kunt, A. and Schwarz, A., A reform proposal for Costa Rica's pension system. Finance & Development, 1996, 33(3), 46.
42. Ibid, p. 45.
43. Ibid.
44. International Labour Office (ILO), Report of the Director-General, Fifth European Regional Conference, Warsaw, September 1995, ILO, Geneva, 1995, p. 68.
45. Ibid.
46. Stanovik, T. and Kukar, S., The pension system in Slovenia: past developments and future prospects, International Social Security Review, 1995, 48(1), 36.
47. International Labour Office, op cit, reference 44, p. 68.
48. International Labour Office, op cit, reference 44.
49. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. 349.
50. Munro, H. T., The fourth pillar, Benefits and Compensation International, 1989, 18(2), 107-112.
51. Kessler, D., The four pillars of retirement, The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance, 1988, 13(49).
52. International Social Security Association, The Financing of Social Insurance in Central and Eastern Europe, European Series No.20, ISSA, Geneva, 1993, p. 19.
53. Asher, M. G., Social Security In Malaysia and Singapore: Practices, Issues and Reform Directions, ISIS, Kuala Lumpur, 1994.
54. McKinnon, R., The public management of National Provident Funds for state-led development: the case of the Malaysian Employees' Provident Fund, International Journal of Public Sector Management, 1996, 9(1), 44-60.
55. Meadows, P., When growth fails the unemployed. Financial Times, 27 February 1996, p. 14.
56. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1, p. xiii.
57. The World Bank, op cit, reference 1.
58. Meadows, P., (ed.), Working out - or Working in?: Contributions to the Debate on the Future of Work, Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York, 1996b.
59. International Labour Office, op cit, reference 44, p. 5.
60. Searjeant, G., State pension is touchstone for the Utilitarian Party. The Times, 3 October 1996, p. 29.
61. Ibid.