Environmental flows: Telecommunications and the dematerialisation of cities?

Futures

Volumn 29, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 47-65

  Marvin, Simon ^a  

^a NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY; TELECOMMUNICATIONS; TRAVEL DEMAND; URBAN PLANNING;

EID: 0030881037     PISSN: 00163287     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0016-3287(96)00065-1     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Marvin, S. J., Green signals: The environmental role of telecommunications. Cities, 1994, 11 (5), 325-331.
2. Cramer, J. and Zegveld, W. C. L., The future role of technology in environmental management. Futures 1991, 23 (5), 451-468.
3. Brotchie, J., Batty, M., Hall, P. and Newton, P., Cities of the 21st Century: New Technologies and Spatial Systems, Longman, Cheshire, 1991.
4. See Breheny, M. J., Ed., Sustainable Development and Urban Form, Pion. Commission of the European Communities, 1992; Green Paper on the Urban Environment, Com(90) 218, Brussels, 1990; Cooper I. and Ekins, Cities and Sustainability, AFRC-SERC Clean Technology Unit and ESRC, 1993; Douglas I. The Urban Environment. Edward Arnold, London, 1983.
5. See Breheny, M. J., Ed., Sustainable Development and Urban Form, Pion. Commission of the European Communities, 1992; Green Paper on the Urban Environment, Com(90) 218, Brussels, 1990; Cooper I. and Ekins, Cities and Sustainability, AFRC-SERC Clean Technology Unit and ESRC, 1993; Douglas I. The Urban Environment. Edward Arnold, London, 1983.
6. See Breheny, M. J., Ed., Sustainable Development and Urban Form, Pion. Commission of the European Communities, 1992; Green Paper on the Urban Environment, Com(90) 218, Brussels, 1990; Cooper I. and Ekins, Cities and Sustainability, AFRC-SERC Clean Technology Unit and ESRC, 1993; Douglas I. The Urban Environment. Edward Arnold, London, 1983.
7. See Breheny, M. J., Ed., Sustainable Development and Urban Form, Pion. Commission of the European Communities, 1992; Green Paper on the Urban Environment, Com(90) 218, Brussels, 1990; Cooper I. and Ekins, Cities and Sustainability, AFRC-SERC Clean Technology Unit and ESRC, 1993; Douglas I. The Urban Environment. Edward Arnold, London, 1983.
8. Harris, B., Cities and regions in the electronic age. In The Spatial Implications of Technological Change, Brotchie J., Hall J. and Newton P., eds., Croom Helm; London, 1987, pp. 394-403; Lee, M., Social responsibilities of the telecommunications business. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 1991, 10 (2), 29-30.
9. Harris, B., Cities and regions in the electronic age. In The Spatial Implications of Technological Change, Brotchie J., Hall J. and Newton P., eds., Croom Helm; London, 1987, pp. 394-403; Lee, M., Social responsibilities of the telecommunications business. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 1991, 10 (2), 29-30.
10. Martin, J., Telematic Society: A Challenge for Tomorrow. Prentice-Hall, London, 1981; Toffler A, The Third Wave, Morrow, New York, 1981.
11. Martin, J., Telematic Society: A Challenge for Tomorrow. Prentice-Hall, London, 1981; Toffler A, The Third Wave, Morrow, New York, 1981.
12. Tuppen, C., An environmental policy for British telecommunications. Long Range Planning, 1993, 26 (5), 24-30.
13. Salomon, I., Telecommunications and travel relationships: a review. Transportation Research-A, 1986, 20A (3), 223-238.
14. Irvine, S., Terminal illness. Real World, 1993, 6, 4-7.
15. McHale, J., The Changing Information Environment. Eleck, London, 1976, p. 21, added emphasis.
16. Parker, E., Social implications of computer/telecom systems. Telecommunications Policy, 1976, 1 (1), 3-20, 5, added emphasis.
17. Harris, op cit, see reference 5, p. 397.
18. Martin, op cit, see reference 6, p. 192.
19. Lee, op cit, added emphasis, see reference 5, p. 30.
20. Eubanks, G. E., President and CEO symantec. Business and Technology Magazine, 1992, March, p. 42.
21. Tuppen, C. G., Energy and telecommunications - an environmental impact analysis. Energy and Environment, 1992, 3 (1), 81.
22. Tuppen, op cit, see reference 7, p. 24.
23. Irvine, op cit, see reference 9, p. 5.
24. Bernardini, O. and Galli, R., Dematerialization: long term trends in the intensity of use of materials and energy. Futures, 1993, 4, 431-448, 433.
25. Hansen, U., Delinking of energy consumption and economic growth. Energy Policy, 1990, 18 (7), 631-640.
26. Toke, D., Increasing energy supply not inevitable. Energy Policy, 1990, 18(7), 671-673.
27. Bernardini and Galli, op cit, p. 447, see reference 19.
28. Harkness, R. C., Selected results from a technology assessment of telecommunication-transportation interactions. Habitat, 1977, 2 (1/2), 37-48; Meyer S. L., Conservation of resources, telecommunications, and microprocessors. Journal of Environmental Systems. 1977, 7 (2), 121-129; Nilles, J. M. The Telecommunications-Transportation Trade-Off: Options for Tomorrow. Wiley, UK, 1976.
29. Harkness, R. C., Selected results from a technology assessment of telecommunication-transportation interactions. Habitat, 1977, 2 (1/2), 37-48; Meyer S. L., Conservation of resources, telecommunications, and microprocessors. Journal of Environmental Systems. 1977, 7 (2), 121-129; Nilles, J. M. The Telecommunications-Transportation Trade-Off: Options for Tomorrow. Wiley, UK, 1976.
30. Harkness, R. C., Selected results from a technology assessment of telecommunication-transportation interactions. Habitat, 1977, 2 (1/2), 37-48; Meyer S. L., Conservation of resources, telecommunications, and microprocessors. Journal of Environmental Systems. 1977, 7 (2), 121-129; Nilles, J. M. The Telecommunications-Transportation Trade-Off: Options for Tomorrow. Wiley, UK, 1976.
31. Kraemer, K. L., Telecommunications/transportation substitution and energy conservation, part 1. Telecommunications Policy, 1982, March, 39-99; Kraemer J. L. and King, J. L., Telecommunications/transportation substitution and energy conservation, part 2. Telecommunications Policy, 1982, June, 87-99.
32. Kraemer, K. L., Telecommunications/transportation substitution and energy conservation, part 1. Telecommunications Policy, 1982, March, 39-99; Kraemer J. L. and King, J. L., Telecommunications/transportation substitution and energy conservation, part 2. Telecommunications Policy, 1982, June, 87-99.
33. Nilles, I. M., Traffic reduction by telecommuting: a status review and selected bibliography. Transportation Research, 1988, 22A (4), 301-317. State of California, The California Telecommuting Pilot Project, Final report, Department of General Services, State of California, Sacramento, 1990.
34. Boghani, A., Kimble, E. and Spencer, E., Can Telecommunications Help Salve America's Transportation Problems? Arthur D. Little Inc. Cambridge MA, 1991.
35. Toffler A, op cit, reference 6.
36. Virilio, P., The third interval: a critical transition. In Rethinking Technologies, ed. Conley V A, University of Minnesota Press, 1993, p. 11, original emphasis.
37. O'Riordan, T., Environmentalism, Pion, London, 1981, p. 1.
38. Saloman, op cit, p. 235, see reference 8.
39. Grubler, A., The Rise and Fall of Infrastructures. Physica-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1989. Mokhtarian, P. L., A typology of relationships between telecommunications and transportation. Transportation Research, 1990, 24A (3), 231-242.
40. Grubler, A., The Rise and Fall of Infrastructures. Physica-Verlag, Heidelberg, 1989. Mokhtarian, P. L., A typology of relationships between telecommunications and transportation. Transportation Research, 1990, 24A (3), 231-242.
41. Mokhtarian, P. L., An empirical evaluation of the travel impacts of teleconferencing. Transportation Research-A, 1988, 22A (4), 283-289.
42. Wise, D., Exploratory analysis of the impact of electronic communications on metropolitan form (mimeo 1971).
43. Mokhtarian, op cit. p. 283, see reference 32.
44. Wise, op cti; p. 31, see reference 33.
45. Saloman, op cit, reference 8; Grubler op cit, reference 33.
46. Saloman, op cit, reference 8; Grubler op cit, reference 33.
47. Boettinger, H. M., Telecommunications: from future-determined to future-determining. Futures, 1989, 5, 277-290.
48. Cramer and Zegveld, op cit, see reference 2.
49. Giannopouloos, G. and Gillespie, A., Eds, Transport and Communications Innovation in Europe, Belhaven Press, London 1993; Hepworth, M. and Ducatel, K., Transport in the Information Age: Wheels and Wires, Belhaven Press, 1992.
50. Giannopouloos, G. and Gillespie, A., Eds, Transport and Communications Innovation in Europe, Belhaven Press, London 1993; Hepworth, M. and Ducatel, K., Transport in the Information Age: Wheels and Wires, Belhaven Press, 1992.
51. Gwilliam, K. M. and Geerlings, H., New Technologies and Their Potential to Reduce the Environmental Impact of Transportation, Transportation Research A, 1994, 28A (4), 307-319.
52. Gwilliam and Geerlings, op cit, p. 314-315, see reference 40.
53. Sola Pool, I. et al. Foresight and hindsight: the case of the telephone. In The Social Impact of the Telephone, Sola Pool, ed., MIT Press, Cambridge, USA, 1977.
54. Herman, R., Ardekani, S. A. and Ausubel, J. H., Dematerialisation. In Technology and the Environment, eds Ausubel, J. H. and Sladovich, H. E., National Academy Press, Washington DC, 1989, pp. 50-69, 337.
55. Breheny, op cit, see reference 4.
56. Newman, P., Greenhouse, oil and cities. Futures, 1991, 4, 335-348.
57. Mokhtarian, P. L., Handy, S. L. and Saloman, I., Methodological issues in the estimation of the travel, energy, and air quality impacts of telecommuting. Transportation Research-A, 1994, 29 (4), 2.
58. Department of Energy, Emissions and the social consequences of telecommuting, energy efficiency in the US economy. Technical Report One, DOE/PO-0026, 1994.
59. Mokhtarian, op cit, see reference 46.
60. The environmental impact of teleworking, pp. 10-11, UJ CEED Bulletin No. 38, March-April, 1992, p. 11.
61. British Telecom, A study of the environmental impact of teleworking, A Report by BT Research Laboratories, 1992.
62. Grubler, op cit, p. 258, see reference 31.
63. Maunder, W. J., The Human Impact of Climate Uncertainty. Routledge, London, 1989.
64. Cassirer, H. R., Dissent - communications vs the environment? Intermedia, 1990, 18(1), 10-12; Young, J. E., Using computers for the environment. In State of the World 1994, ed. Brown, L. R. et al, Worldwatch Institute, Norton New York, 1994, pp. 99-116.
65. Cassirer, H. R., Dissent - communications vs the environment? Intermedia, 1990, 18(1), 10-12; Young, J. E., Using computers for the environment. In State of the World 1994, ed. Brown, L. R. et al, Worldwatch Institute, Norton New York, 1994, pp. 99-116.
66. Environmental Resources Limited, An enhanced urban air quality monitoring network - feasibility study, Department of the Environment, Air Quality Division, February, 1991.
67. Cornelius, S., GIS in the environment. In Geographic Information 1994, eds Green, D. R., Rix, D. and Cadoux-Hudson, J., Taylor and Francis, London, 1994, pp. 77-81.
68. Sioshansi, F. P. and Davis, E. H., Information technology and efficient pricing - providing a competitive edge for electric utilities. Energy Policy, 1989, 17 (6), 599-607.
69. Gann, D., Intelligent buildings and smart homes. In The Single European Market and Information and Communication Technologies, ed. Locksley, G., Belhaven Press, London, 1990, pp. 123-134.
70. Huston, D. R. and Fuhr, P. L., Intelligent materials for intelligent structures. IEEE Communications Magazine, October 1993, pp. 40-44.
71. Dupuy, G., New Information Technology and Utility Management, Cities and New Technologies. OECD, Paris, 1992, pp. 51-76. Laterrasse, J., The intelligent city: Utopia or tomorrow's reality? In Telecom, Companies, Territories, eds Rowe, F. and Veltz, P., Presses de I'ENPC, 1992.
72. Dupuy, G., New Information Technology and Utility Management, Cities and New Technologies. OECD, Paris, 1992, pp. 51-76. Laterrasse, J., The intelligent city: Utopia or tomorrow's reality? In Telecom, Companies, Territories, eds Rowe, F. and Veltz, P., Presses de I'ENPC, 1992.
73. ERL, op cit, see reference 54.