Heart mass and the maximum cardiac output of birds and mammals: Implications for estimating the maximum aerobic power input of flying animals

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Volumn 352, Issue 1352, 1997, Pages 447-456

  Bishop, Charles M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; AVES; GALLIFORMES; MAMMALIA; TINAMIDAE; TROCHILIDAE;

EID: 0030878504     PISSN: 09628436     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1997.0032     Document Type: Review

References (52)

1. Åstrand, P. -O. & Rodahl, K. 1986 Textbook of work physiology. New York : McGraw-Hill.
2. Baudinette, R. V. 1978 Scaling of heart rate during locomotion in mammals. J. Comp. Physiol. 127, 337-342.
3. Bevan, R. M. 1990 Physiological responses to swimming and diving in air breathing vertebrates. Ph.D. thesis, Birmingham University.
4. Bevan, R. M., Butler, P. J., Woakes, A. J. & Prince, P. A. 1995 The energy expenditure of free-ranging black-browed albatrosses. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 350, 119-131.
5. Bishop, C. M. & Butler, P. J. 1995 Physiological modelling of oxygen consumption in birds during flight. J. Exp. Biol. 198, 2153-2163.
6. Bishop, C. M., Butler, P. J., El Haj, A. J., Egginton, S. & Loonen, M. J. J. E. 1996 The morphological development of the locomotor and cardiac muscles of the migratory barnacle goose (Branta leucopsis). J. Zool. 239, 1-15.
7. Butler, P. J. 1991 Exercise in birds. J. Exp. Biol. 160, 233-262.
8. Butler, P. J., Bevan, R. M., Woakes, A. J., Croxall, J. P. & Boyd, I. L. 1995 The use of data loggers to determine the energetics and physiology of aquatic birds and mammals. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 28, 1307-1317.
9. Butler, P. J., West, N. H. & Jones, D. R. 1977 Respiratory and cardiovascular responses of the pigeon to sustained level flight in a wind tunnel. J. Exp. Biol. 71, 7-26.
10. Carpenter, R. E. 1985 Flight physiology of flying foxes, Pteropus poliocephalus. J. Exp. Biol. 114, 619-647.
11. Carpenter, R. E. 1986 Flight physiology of intermediate-sized fruit bats (Pteropodidae). J. Exp. Biol. 120, 79-103.
12. Chai, P. & Dudley, R. 1995 Limits to vertebrate locomotor energetics suggested by hummingbirds hovering in heliox. Nature, Lond. 377, 722-725.
13. Crile, G. & Quiring, D. P. 1940 A record of the body weight and certain organ and gland weights of 3690 animals. Ohio J. Science XL, 219-259.
14. Driedzic, W. R., Crowe, H. L., Hicklin, P. W. & Sephton, D. H. 1993 Adaptations in pectoralis muscle, heart mass, and energy metabolism during premigratory fattening in semipalmated sandpipers (Calidris pusilla). Can. J. Zool. 71, 1602-1608.
15. Gessaman, J. A. 1980 An evaluation of heart rate as an indirect measure of daily energy metabolism of the American kestrel. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 65, 273-289.
16. Gleeson, T. T., Mullin, W. J. & Baldwin, K. M. 1983 Cardiovascular responses to treadmill exercise in rats: effects of training. J. Appl. Phys. 54, 789-793.
17. Grubb, B. R. 1982 Cardiac output and stroke volume in exercising ducks and pigeons. J. Appl. Phys. 53, R207-R211.
18. Grubb, B. R. 1983 Allometric relations of cardiovascular function in birds. Am. J. Phys. 245, H5G7-H572.
19. Grubb, B. R., Jorgensen, D. D. & Conner, M. 1983 Cardiovascular changes in the exercising emu. J. Exp. Bid. 104, 193-201.
20. Hartman, F. A. 1961 Locomotor mechanisms of birds. Smithson. Misc. Collns 143, 1-91.
21. Hickson, R. C., Galassi, T. M. & Dougherty, K. A. 1983 Repeated development and regression of exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats. J. Appl. Phys. 54, 794-797.
22. Holt, J. P., Rhode, E. A. & Kines, H. 1968 Ventricular volumes and body weight in mammals. Am. J. Phys. 215, 704-715.
23. Johansen, K., Berger, M., Bicudo, J. E. P. W., Ruschi, A. & De Almeida, P. J. 1987 Respiratory properties of blood and myoglobin in hummingbirds. Physiol. Zool. 60, 269-278.
24. Jones, J. H. 1994 Circulatory function during exercise: integration of convection and diffusion. Adv. Vet. Sci. Comp. Med. 38A, 217-251.
25. Jones, J. H., Longworth, K. E., Lindholm, A., Conley, K. E., Karas, R. H., Kayar, S. R. & Taylor, C. R. 1989 Oxygen transport during exercise in large mammals. I. Adaptive variation in oxygen demand. J. Appl. Phys. 67, 862-870.
26. Kallen, F. C. 1977 The cardiovascular systems of bats: structure and function. In Biology of bats, vol. III (ed. W. A. Wimsatt), pp. 289-483. New York: Academic Press.
27. Karas, R. H., Taylor, C. R., Rosler, K. & Hoppeler, H. 1987 Adaptive variation in the mammalian respiratory system in relation to energetic demand. V. Limits to oxygen transport by the circulation. Resp. Phys. 69, 65-79.
28. Larimer, J. L. 1959 Hemoglobin concentration and oxygen capacity of mammalian blood. J. Elisha Mitchell Scient. Soc. 75, 174-177.
29. Magnan, A. 1922 Les caracteristiques des oiseaux suivant le mode de vol. Annls Sci. Nat., ser. 10, 5, 125-334.
30. Marsh, R. L. 1984 Adaptations of the gray catbird, Dumatella carolinensis, to long-distance migration: flight muscle hypertrophy associated with elevated body mass. Phys. Zool. 57, 105-117.
31. Nolet, B. A., Butler, P. J., Masman, D. & Woakes, A. J. 1992 Estimation of daily energy expenditure from heart rate and doubly-labeled water in exercising geese. Phys. Zool. 65, 1188-1216.
32. Pedley, T. J., Brook, B. S. & Seymour, R. S. 1996 Blood pressure and flow-rate in the giraffe jugular vein. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 351, 855-866.
33. Pennycuick, C. J. 1989 Bird flight performance. Oxford University Press.
34. Prinzinger, R. & Misovic, A. 1994 Vogelblut-eine allometrische Ubersicht der Bestandteile. J. Orn. 135, 133-165.
35. Poupa, O. & Lindstrom, L. 1983 Comparative and scaling aspects of heart and body weights with reference to blood supply of cardiac fibers. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 76A, 413-421.
36. Poupa, O. & Ostadal, B. 1969 Experimental cardiomegalics and 'cardiomegalics' in free-living animals. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 445-468.
37. Rayner, J. M. V. 1985 Linear relations in biomechanics: the statistics of scaling functions. J. Zool. 206, 415-439.
38. Schmidt-Nielsen, K. 1984 Scaling: why is animal size so important? Cambridge University Press.
39. Schmidt-Nielsen, K. 1990 Animal physiology. Cambridge University Press.
40. Sokal, R. R. & Rohlf, F. J. 1981 Biometry: The principles and practice of statistics in biological research. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.
41. Spector, W. S. 1956 Handbook of biological data. Saunders: Philadelphia.
42. Stickland, N. C. 1977 Succinic dehydrogenase distribution in the pectoralis muscle of several East African birds. Acta Zool. 58, 41-44.
43. Suarez, R. K., Lighton, J. R. B., Moyes, C. D., Brown, G. S., Gass, C. L. & Hochachka, P. W. 1990 Fuel selection in rufous hummingbirds : ecological implications of metabolic biochemistry. Proc. Natn. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 9207-9210.
44. Taylor, C. R., Karas, R. H., Weibel, E. R. & Hoppeler, H. 1987 Adaptive variation in the mammalian respiratory system in relation to energetic demand. II. Reaching the limits to oxygen Row. Resp. Phys. 69, 7-26.
45. Thomas, S. P. 1989 The physiology of bat flight. In Recent advances in the study of bats (ed. M. B. Fenton, P. Racey & J. M. V. Rayner), pp. 75-99. Cambridge University Press.
46. Thomas, S. P. & Suthers, R. A. 1972 The physiology and energetics of bat flight. J. Exp. Biol. 57, 317-335.
47. Torre-Bueno, J. R. & Larochelle, J. 1978 The metabolic cost of flight in unrestrained birds. J. Exp. Biol. 75, 223-229.
48. Tucker, V. A. 1968 Respiratory exchange and evaporative water loss in the flying budgerigar. J. Exp. Biol. 48, 67-87.
49. Weibel, E. R., Taylor, C. & Hoppeler, H. 1991 The concept of symmorphosis: a testable hypothesis of structure-function relationship. Proc. Natn. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 10357-10361.
50. Wells, D. J. 1993 Ecological correlates of hovering flight of hummingbirds. J. Exp. Biol. 178, 59-70.
51. Woakes, A. J. & Butler, P. J. 1986 Respiratory, circulatory and metabolic adjustments during swimming in the tufted duck, Aythyafuligula. J. Exp. Biol. 120, 215-231.
52. Woakes, A. J., Butler, P. J. & Bevan, R. M. 1995 Implantable data logging system for heart rate and body temperature: its application to the estimation of field metabolic rates in Antarctic predators. Med, Biol. Engng Comhut. 33, 145-151.