Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies

Neurologic Clinics

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 615-648

  Amato, A A ^a   Barohn, R J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SAN ANTONIO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AZATHIOPRINE; CHLORAMBUCIL; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CYCLOSPORIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; METHOTREXATE; TACROLIMUS;

CELL INCLUSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; MIXED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE; MUSCLE BIOPSY; MYOPATHY; PATHOGENESIS; PLASMAPHERESIS; POLYMYOSITIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SCLERODERMA; SJOEGREN SYNDROME; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; THYMECTOMY;

EID: 0030872207     PISSN: 07338619     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0733-8619(05)70337-6     Document Type: Article

References (193)

1. E.M. Adams P.H. Plotz The treatment of myositis. How to approach resistant disease Rheum Dis Clin North Am 21 1995 179 202
2. M. al-Janadi C.D. Smith J. Karsh Cyclophosphamide treatment of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis in polymyositis/dermatomyositis J Rheuma1ol 16 1989 1592 1596
3. A.A. Amato R.J. Barohn C.E. Jackson Inclusion body myositis: Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin Neurology 44 1994 1516 1518
4. A.A. Amato G.S. Gronseth C.E. Jackson Inclusion body myositis: Clinical and pathological boundaries Ann Neurol 40 1996 581 586
5. L. Anderson Ziter FA: Plasmapheresis via central catheter in dermatomyositis: A new method for selected pediatric patients J Pediatr 98 1981 240 241
6. K. Arahata A.G. Engel Monoclonal antibody analysis of mononuclear cells in myopathies. I. Quantitative of subsets according to diagnosis and sites of accumulation and demonstration and counts of muscle fibers invaded by T cells Ann Neurol 16 1984 193 208
7. F.C. Arnett J.C. Whelton T.M. Zizic Methotrexate therapy in polymyositis Ann Rheum Dis 1973 536 546
8. V. Askanas R.B. Alvarez W.K. Engel Beta-amyloid precursor epitopes in muscle fibers of inclusion body myositis Ann Neurol 34 1993 551 560
9. V. Askanas W.K. Engel New advances in inclusion-body myositis Curr Opin Rheumatol 5 1993 732 741
10. V. Askanas W.K. Engel R.B. Alvarez Enhanced detection of amyoloid deposits in muscle fibers of inclusion body myositis and brain of Alzheimer disease using fluorescence technique Neurology 43 1993 1265 1267
11. V. Askanas W.K. Engel M. Bilak Twisted tubulofilaments of inclusion body myositis resemble paired helical filaments of Alzheimer brain and contain hyperphosphorylated tau Am J Pathol 144 1994 177 187
12. V. Askanas J. McFerrin S. Baque Over expression of beta-amyloid precursor protein gene in cultured normal human muscle using adenovirus vector induces aspects of inclusion-body myositis phenotype [Abstract] Neurology 45 suppl 4 1995 A208
13. V. Askanas M. Mirabella W.K. Engel Apolipoprotein E immunoreactive deposits in inclusion-body muscle Lancet 343 1994 364 365
14. A.D. Askari Inflammatory disorders of muscle: Cardiac abnormalities Clin Rheum Dis 1984 131 149
15. B.Q. Banker Dermatomyositis of childhood: Ultrastructural alterations of muscle and intramuscular blood vessels J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 34 1975 46 75
16. R.J. Barohn The therapeutic dilemma of inclusion body myositis Neurology 48 1997 567 568
17. R.J. Barohn A.A. Amato Z. Sahenk Inclusion body myositis: Explanation for poor response to therapy Neurology 45 1995 1302 1304
18. K.S. Barron M.R. Sher E.D. Silverman Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy: Magic or black magic J Rheumatol 33 suppl 1992 94 97
19. N. Basset-Seguin J.-C. Roujeau R. Gherardi Prognostic factors and predictive signs of malignancy in adult dermatomyositis: A study of 32 cases Arch Dermatol 126 1990 633 637
20. B.J. Bloom L.B. Tucker L.C. Miller Von Willebrand Factor in juvenile dermatomyositis J Rheumatol 22 1995 320 325
21. C. Bodemer D. Teillac M. LeBurgeois Efficacy of intravenous globulins in sclerodermatomyositis Br J Dermatol 123 1990 545 546
22. A. Bohan J.B. Peters Polymyositis and dermatomyositis Part 1: N Engl J Med 292 1975 344 347
23. A. Bohan J.B. Peters Polymyositis and dermatomyositis Part 2: N Engl J Med 292 1975 403 407
24. A. Bohan J.B. Peter R.L. Bowman A computer-assisted analysis of 153 patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis Medicine 56 1977 255 286
25. S. Bombardieri G.R.V. Hughes R. Neri Cyclophosphamide in severe polymyositis letter Lancet 1 1988 1138 1139
26. J.C. Borleffs Cyclosporine as monotherapy for polymyositis? Transplant Proc 20 1988 333 334
27. E.J. Brewer E.H. Giannini R.D. Rossen Plasma exchange therapy of a childhood onset dermatomyositis patient Arthritis Rheum 23 1980 509 513
28. M.B. Bromberg J.W. Albers Electromyography in idiopathic myositis Mt Sinai J Med 55 1988 459 464
29. A. Bruguier P. Texier M.C. Clement Dermatomyosites infantiles: A propos de vingt-huit observations Arch Fr Pediatr 41 1984 9 14
30. T.W. Bunch Prednisone and azathioprine for polymyositis: Long-term follow-up Arthritis Rheum 24 1981 45 48
31. T.W. Bunch J.W. Worthington J.J. Combs Azathioprine with prednisone for polymyositis Ann Intern Med 92 1980 365 369
32. M. Cagnoli A. Marchesoni S. Tosi Combined steroid, methotrexate, and chlorambucil therapy for steroid resistant dermatomyositis Clin Exp Rheumatol 9 1991 658 659
33. J.P. Callen Relationship of cancer to inflammatory muscle diseases: Dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and inclusion body myositis Rheum Dis Clin North Am 20 1994 943 953
34. P. Cherin S. Herson A. Coutellier Failure of total body irradiation in polymyositis: Report of three cases Br J Rheumatol 31 1992 282 283
35. P. Cherin S. Herson B. Wechsler Efficacy of intravenous globulin therapy in chronic refractory polymyositis and dermatomyositis: An open study with 20 adult patients Am J Med 91 1991 162 168
36. H. Chwalinska-Sadowska H. Madykowa Polymyositis-dermatomyositis: 25 year follow-up of 50 patients—disease course, treatment, prognostic factors Mater Med Pol 22 1990 213
37. S.M. Chou Inclusion body myositis: A chronic persistent mumps infection? Hum Pathol 17 1986 765 777
38. M.G. Cohen P. Nash J. Webb Calcification is rare in adult-onset dermatomyositis Clin Rheumatol 5 1986 512 516
39. J.D. Cook C.W. Fink A.C. Henderson-Tilton Comparison of the initial response of childhood dermatopolymyositis to daily versus alternate day corticosteroid administration: A retrospective study [abstract] Ann Neurol 16 1984 400 401
40. C.D. Cook F.S. Rosen B.Q. Banker Dermatomyositis and focal scleroderma Pediatr Clin North Am 10 1963 979 1016
41. O. Correia J. Polonia J.P. Nunes Severe acute form of adult dermatomyositis treated with cyclosporine Int J Dermatol 31 1992 517 519
42. M.E. Cronin F.W. Miller J.E. Hicks The failure of intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy in refractory idiopathic inflammatory myopathy J Rheumatol 16 1989 1225 1228
43. W.J.K. Cumming Thymectomy in refractory dermatomyositis [letter] Muscle Nerve 12 1989 424
44. E.J. Cupler Leon-Monzon J. Miller Inclusion body myositis (IBM) in HIV and HTLV-1-infected patients [abstract] Neurology 45 1995 A209
45. M.C. Dalakas Polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and inclusion body myositis N Engl J Med 325 1991 1487 1498
46. M.C. Dalakas How to diagnose and treat the inflammatory myopathies Semin Neurol 14 1994 137 145
47. M.C. Dalakas I. Illa J.M. Dambrosia A controlled trial of high dose intravenous immunoglobulin infusions as treatment for dermatomyositis N Engl J Med 329 1993 1993 2000
48. M.C. Dalakas B. Saries J. Dambrosia Treatment of inclusion-body myositis with IVIg: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study Neurology 48 1997 712 716
49. D.H. Darrow H.T. Hoffman G.J. Barnes Management of dysphagia in inclusion body myositis Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 118 1992 313 317
50. P.C. Dau Plasmapheresis in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy Arch Neurol 38 1981 544 552
51. P.C. Dau Leukocytapheresis in inclusion body myositis J Clin Apheresis 3 1987 167
52. M. DeVisser A.M. Emslie-Smith A.G. Engel Early ultrastructural alterations in dermatomyositis: Capillary abnormalities precede other structural changes in muscle J Neurol Sci 94 1989 181 192
53. C.E. Denbow J.T. Lie R.G. Tancredi Cardiac involvement in polymyositis Arthritis Rheum 22 1979 1088 1092
54. C.W. Denko J.W. Old Myopathy in the sicca syndrome (Sjögren's syndrome) Am J Clin Pathol 51 1969 631 637
55. B.F. Dickey A.R. Myers Pulmonary disease in polymyositis/dermatomyositis Semin Arthritis Rheum 14 1984 60 76
56. A. Eisen K. Berry G. Gibson Inclusion body myositis (IBM): myopathy or neuropathy? Neurology 33 1983 1109 1114
57. A.M. Emslie-Smith K. Arahata A.G. Engel Major histocompatibility complex 1 antigen expression, immunolocalization of interferon subtypes, and T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in myopathies Hum Pathol 20 1989 224 231
58. A.M. Emslie-Smith A.G. Engel Microvascular changes in early and advanced dermatomyositis: A quantitative study Ann Neurol 27 1990 343 356
59. A.G. Engel K. Arahata Monoclonal antibody analysis of mononuclear cells in myopathies. II: Phenotypes of autoinvasive cells in polymyositis and inclusion body myositis Ann Neurol 16 1984 209 215
60. A.G. Engel B. Hohlfeld B.Q. Banker The polymyositis and dermatomyositis syndromes A.G. Engel C. Franzini-Armstrong Myology (ed) 1994 McGraw-Hill New York 1335 1383
61. W.K. Engel A.S. Lichter A.P. Galdi Polymyositis: Remarkable response to total body irradiation [letter] Lancet 1 1981 658
62. R.L. Euwer R.D. Sontheimer Amyopathic dermatomyositis: A review J Invest Dermatol 100 1993 124S 127S
63. D. Feldman M.C. Hochberg T.M. Zizic Cutaneous vasculitis in adult polymyositis/dermatomyositis J Rheumatol 10 1983 85 89
64. W.P. Follansbee T.R. Zerbe T.A. Medsger Jr Cardiac and skeletal muscle disease in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma): A high risk association Am Heart J 125 1993 194 203
65. R.A. Foote S.M. Kimbrough J.C. Stevens Lupus myositis Muscle Nerve 5 1982 65 68
66. D.D. Fraser J.A. Frank M. Dalakas Magnetic resonance imaging in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies J Rheumatol 18 1991 1693 1700
67. R.A. Frazier R.D. Miller Interstitial pneumonitis in association with polymyositis and dermatomyositis Chest 65 1974 403 407
68. J.F. Fries G.C. Sharp H.O. McDevitt Cyclophosphamide therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus and polymyositis Arthritis Rheum 16 1973 154 162
69. M.J. Garlepp H. Tabaias F.M. van Bockzmeer Apolipoprotein E ε4 in inclusion body myositis Ann Neurol 38 1995 957 959
70. E.W. Gelfand The use of intravenous immune globulin in collagen vascular disorders: A potential new modality of therapy J Allergy Clin Immunol 84 1989 613 616
71. M. Giannini J.P. Callen Treatment of dermatomyositis with methotrexate and prednisone Arch Dermatol 115 1979 1251 1252
72. E. Girardin J.M. Drayer L. Paunier Cyclosporine for juvenile dermatomyositis [letter] J Pediatr 112 1988 165 166
73. H.S. Goei P. Jacobs H. Hoeben Cyclosporine in the treatment of intractable polymyositis [letter] Arthritis Rheum 28 1985 1436 1437
74. J.S. Gottdiener H.S. Sherber R.J. Hawley Cardiac manifestations in polymyositis Am J Cardiol 41 1978 1141 1149
75. R.C. Griggs V. Askanas S. DiMauro Inclusion body myositis and myopathies Ann Neurol 38 1995 705 713
76. R.C. Griggs J.R. Mendell R.G. Miller Inflammatory myopathies Evaluation and Treatment of Myopathies 1995 FA Davis Philadelphia 154 210
77. W.B. Gruhn J.A. Diaz-Buxo Cyclosporine treatment of steroid resistant interstitial pneumonitis associated with dermatomyositis/polymyositis J Rheumatol 14 1987 1045 1047
78. H.J. Haga D. D'Cruz R. Asherson Short-term effects of intravenous pulses of cyclophosphamide in the treatment of connective tissue disease crisis Ann Rheum Dis 51 1992 885 888
79. T. Hanslik A. Jaccard J.M. Guillon Polymyositis and chronic graft-versus-host disease: Efficacy of intravenous gammaglobulin J Am Acad Dermatol 28 1993 492 493
80. Y. Harati E. Niakan E.W. Bergman Childhood dermatomyositis in monozygotic twins Neurology 36 1986 721 723
81. C.R. Harrington J.R. Anderson K.K. Chan Apolipoprotein E type ε4 allele frequency is not increased in patients with sporadic inclusion-body myositis Neurosci Lett 183 1995 35 38
82. H.M. Haupt G.M. Hutchins The heart and conduction system in polymyositis-dermatomyositis Am J Cardiol 50 1982 998 1006
83. J. Heckmatt N. Hasson C. Saunders Cyclosporine in juvenile dermatomyositis Lancet 1 1989 1063 1066
84. A. Henderson W.J.K. Cumming D.O. Williams Cardiac complications of polymyositis J Neurol Sci 47 1980 425 428
85. K.G. Henriksson P. Sandstedt Polymyositis—treatment and prognosis. A study of 107 patients Acta Neurol Scand 65 1982 280 300
86. R.J. Hernandez D.B. Sullivan T.L. Chenevert MR imaging in children with dermatomyositis: Findings and correlations with clinical and laboratory findings Am J Roentgenol 161 1993 359 366
87. S. Herson P. Cherin A. Coutellier The association of plasma exchange synchronized with intravenous gamma globulin therapy in severe intractable polymyositis [letter] J Rheumatol 19 1992 828 829
88. M.C. Hochberg D. Feldman M.B. Stevens Adult-onset polymyositis/dermatomyositis: Analysis of clinical and laboratory features and survival in 76 cases with a review of the literature Semin Arthritis Rheum 15 1986 168 178
89. M.C. Hochberg D. Feldman M.B. Stevens Antibody to Jo-1 in polymyositis/dermatomyositis: Association with interstitial pulmonary disease J Rheumatol 11 1984 663 665
90. M.C. Hochberg D. Lopez-Acuna A.M. Gittleshon Mortality from polymyositis and dermatomyositis in the United States, 1968-1978 Arthritis Rheum 26 1983 1465 1471
91. R. Hohlfeld A.G. Engel K. Ii Polymyositis mediated by T lymphocytes that express the gamma-delta receptor N Engl J Med 324 1991 877 881
92. W.N. Hubbard M.J. Walport K.E. Halnan Remission from polymyositis after total body irradiation Br Med J 284 1982 1915 1916
93. J.C. Jacobs Methotrexate and azathioprine treatment of childhood dermatomyositis Pediatrics 59 1977 212 218
94. S. Jann S. Beretta M. Moggio High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin in polymyositis resistant to treatment J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 55 1992 60 62
95. M.M. Joffe L.A. Love R.L. Leff Drug therapy of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: Predictors of response to prednisone, azathioprine, and methotrexate and a comparison of their efficacy Am J Med 94 1993 379 387
96. D.W. Jones M.L. Snaith D.A. Isenberg Cyclosporine treatment for intractable polymyositis [letter] Arthritis Rheum 30 1987 959 960
97. P.J.H. Jongen E.M.G. Joosten J.H.M. Berden Cyclosporine therapy in chronic slowly progressive polymyositis Transplant Proc 20 suppl 4 1988 335 339
98. J.L. Joy S.J. Oh A.I. Baysal Electrophysiological spectrum of inclusion body myositis Muscle Nerve 13 1990 949 951
99. M. Kallajoki T. Hyypiä P. Halonen Inclusion body myositis and paramyxoviruses Hum Pathol 22 1991 29 32
100. L.D. Kaufman B.L. Gruber D.P. Gerstan Preliminary observations on the role of magnetic resonance imaging for polymyositis and dermatomyositis Ann Rheum Dis 46 1987 569 572
101. R.W. Keen J.M. Gumpel Cyclosporine A in adult dermatomyositis Br J Rheumatol 32 1993 439
102. R.F. Kehoe R. Bauernfeind C. Tommaso Cardiac conduction defects in polymyositis: Electrophysiologic studies in four patients Ann Intern Med 94 1981 41 43
103. J.J. Kelly H. Madoc-Jones L.S. Adelman Total body irradiation not effective in inclusion body myositis Neurology 36 1986 1264 1266
104. J.J. Kelly H. Madoc-Jones L.S. Adelman Response to total body irradiation in dermatomyositis Muscle Nerve 11 1988 120 123
105. J.T. Kissel R.K. Halterman K.W. Rammohan The relationship of complement-mediated microvasculopathy to the histologic features and clinical duration of disease in dermatomyositis Arch Neurol 48 1991 26 30
106. J.T. Kissel R.J. Levy J.R. Mendell Azathioprine toxicity in neuromuscular disease Neurology 36 1986 35 39
107. J.T. Kissel J.R. Mendell K.W. Rammohan Microvascular deposition of complement membrane attack complex in dermatomyositis N Engl J Med 314 1986 331 334
108. D.W. Kono D.J. Klashman R.C. Gilbert Successful IV pulsed cyclophosphamide in refractory PM in 3 patients with SLE [letter] J Rheumatol 17 1990 982 983
109. R.J.M. Lane P. Hudgson Thymectomy in polymyositis [letter] Lancet 1 1984 626
110. B.A. Lang R.M. Laxer G. Murphy Treatment of dermatomyositis with intravenous immunoglobulin Am J Med 91 1991 169 172
111. R.M. Laxer L.D. Stein R.E. Petty Intravenous pulse methylprednisolone treatment of juvenile dermatomyositis Arthritis Rheum 30 1987 328 334
112. R.L. Leff L.A. Love F.W. Miller Viruses in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: Absence of candidate viral genomes in muscle Lancet 339 1992 1192 1195
113. R.L. Leff F.W. Miller J. Hicks The treatment of inclusion body myositis: A retrospective review and a randomized, prospective trial of immunosuppressive therapy Medicine 72 1993 225 235
114. J.P. Leroy A.A. Drosos D.I. Yiannopoulos Intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide therapy in myositis and Sjögren's syndrome Arthritis Rheum 33 1990 1579 1581
115. R.M. Leukonia P.H. Buxton Myositis in father and daughter J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 36 1973 820 825
116. B.P. Lotz A.G. Engel H. Nishino Inclusion body myositis. Observations in 40 patients Brain 112 1989 727 747
117. L.A. Love R.L. Leff D.D. Fraser A new approach to the classification of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy: Myositis-specific autoantibodies define useful homogeneous patient groups Medicine 70 1991 360 374
118. C.J. Lueck P. Trend M. Swash Cyclosporine in the management of polymyositis and dermatomyositis J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 54 1991 1007 1008
119. I. Lunberg E. Hedfors Clinical course of patients with anti-RNP antibodies: A prospective study of 32 patients J Rheumatol 18 1991 1511 1519
120. R. Mantegazza F. Andreetta P. Bernasconi Analysis of T-cell receptor of muscle-infiltrating T-lymphocytes in polymyositis: Restricted Vα/β rearrangements may indicate antigen-driven selection J Clin Invest 91 1993 2880 2886
121. C. Marguerie C.C. Bunn J. Copier The clinical and immunogenic features of patients with antibodies to the nucleolar antigen PM-Scl Medicine 71 1992 327 336
122. F.L. Mastaglia N.G. Laing Investigation of muscle disease J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 60 1996 256 274
123. T.A. Medsger Jr W.N. Dawson A.T. Masi The epidemiology of polymyosits Am J Med 48 1970 715 723
124. A.L. Mehregan A. Bohan L.S. Goldberg Cyclosporine treatment for dermatomyositis/polymyositis Cutis 51 1993 59 61
125. J.R. Mendell Z. Sahenk T. Gales Amyloid filaments in inclusion body myositis. Novel findings provide insight into nature of filaments Arch Neurol 48 1991 1229 1234
126. A.L. Metzger A. Bohan L.S. Goldberg Polymyositis and dermatomyositis: Combined methotrexate and corticosteroid therapy Ann Intern Med 81 1974 182 189
127. J. Mikol A.G. Engel Inclusion body myositis A.G. Engel C. Franzini-Armstrong Myology, (ed 2) 1994 McGraw Hill New York 1384 1398
128. F.W. Miller Myositis-specific antibodies: Touchstones for understanding the inflammatory myopathies JAMA 270 1993 1846 1849
129. F.W. Miller S.F. Leitman M.E. Cronin Controlled trial of plasma exchange and leukophereis in polymyositis and dermatomyositis N Engl J Med 326 1992 1380 1384
130. L.C. Miller B.A. Sisson L.B. Tucker Methotrexate treatment of recalcitrant childhood dermatomyositis Arthritis Rheum 35 1992 1143 1149
131. M. Mirabella V. Askanas M. Bilak Abnormal accumulation of phosphorylated neurofilament heavy-chain in sporadic inclusion-body myositis (s-IBM): Differences between S-IBM and hereditary inclusion body myositis (h-IBM) [Abstract] Neurology 45 suppl 4 1995 A209
132. S.H. Morgan R.M. Bernstein J. Coppen Total body irradiation and the course of polymyositis Arthritis Rheum 28 1985 831 835
133. R.P. Morse K. Kagan-Hallet A.A. Amato Congenital inflammatory myopathy: A real entity [abstract]? J Child Neurol 10 1995 162
134. K. Murayabashi E. Saito S. Okada Prognosis and life in polymyositis/dermatomyositis Ryumachi 31 1991 391
135. E. Niakan S.E. Pitner J.N. Whitaker Immunosuppressive agents in corticosteroid-refractory childhood dermatomyositis Neurology 30 1980 286 291
136. H. Nishino A.G. Engle B.K. Rima Inclusion body myositis: The mumps virus hypothesis Ann Neurol 25 1989 260 264
137. T.P. O'Hanlon M.C. Dalakas P.H. Plotz The alpha-beta T-cell receptor repetoire in inclusion body myositis: diverse patterns of gene expression by infiltrating lymphocytes J Autoimmunol 7 1994 321 333
138. C.V. Oddis Therapy of inflammatory myopathy Rheum Dis Clin North Am 20 1994 899 918
139. C.V. Oddis P. Caroll K. Abu-Elmagd FK506 in the treatment of polymyositis abstract Arthritis Rheum 37 suppl 6 1994 R19
140. A. Oldfors N.G. Larsson C. Lindberg Mitochondria DNA deletions in inclusion body myositis Brain 116 1993 325 336
141. L.M. Pachman Imperfect indications of disease activity in juvenile dermatomyositis J Rheumatol 22 1995 193 197
142. L.M. Pachman Juvenile dermatomyositis Pathophysiology and disease expression: Pediatr Rheumatol 42 1995 1071 1098
143. J.H. Park T.L. Vital N.M. Ryder Magnetic resonance imaging and P-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy provide unique quantitative data useful in the longitudinal management of patients with dermatomyositis Arthritis Rheum 37 1994 736 747
144. S. Park W.L. Nyhan Fatal pulmonary involvement in dermatomyositis Am J Dis Child 129 1975 727 728
145. 2 merosin deficiency presenting as inflammatory myopathy Ann Neurol 40 1996 782 791
146. V. Pistoia A. Buoncompagni R. Scribanis Cyclopsorin A in the treatment of juvenile chronic arthritis and childhood polymyositis-dermatomyositis: Results of a preliminary study Clin Exp Rheumatol 11 1993 203 208
147. A.M. Pitt J.L. Fleckenstein R.G. Greenlee Jr MRI-guided biopsy in inflammatory myopathy: Initial results Magn Reson Imaging 11 1993 1093 1099
148. P.H. Plotz L.G. Rider I.N. Targoff Myositis: Immunologic contributions to understanding cause, pathogenesis, and therapy Ann Intern Med 122 1995 715 724
149. T. Ponge J.M. Mussini A. Ponge Primary Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome with necrotizing polymyositis: Improvement by hydroxychloroquine Rev Neurol 143 1987 147 148
150. J.N. Pruitt II C.J. Showalter A.G. Engel Sporadic inclusion body myositis: Counts of different types of abnormal fibers Ann Neurol 39 1996 139 143
151. M.T. Pugh N.A. Collins A. Rai A case of adult dermatomyositis treated with cyclosporine A [letter] Br J Rheumatol 31 1992 855
152. G. Ramirez R.A. Asherson M.A. Khamashta Adult-onset polymyositis-dermatomyositis: Description of 25 patients with emphasis on treatment Semin Arthritis Rheum 20 1990 114 120
153. L.W. Rammohan J. Wolinsky J. Omerza Mumps virus in IBM: Studies implicating cross-reactivity accounting for antigen localization abstract Neurology 38 1988 151
154. D.J. Rawlings L. Richardson I.S. Szer Cyclosporine is safe and effective in refractory JRA and JDMS: Results of an open trial abstract Arthritis Rheum 35 1992 S188
155. P. Reinert C. Hamberger M.C. Rahimy Value of cyclosporine A in dermatomyositis as a child Arch Fr Pediatr 45 1988 201 203
156. Z. Rifai S. Welle C. Kamp Ragged red fibers in normal aging and inflammatory myopathy Ann Neurol 37 1995 24 25
157. R.A. Ringel J.E. Brick J.F. Brick Muscle involvement in the scleroderma syndromes Arch Intern Med 150 1990 2550 2552
158. S.P. Ringel J.Z. Forstot E.M. Tan Sjögren's syndrome and polymyositis or dermatomyositis Arch Neurol 39 1982 157 163
159. C.M. Roifman F.M. Schaffer S.E. Wachsmuth Reversal of chronic polymyositis following intravenous immune serum globulin therapy JAMA 258 1987 513 515
160. M. Rugiero B. Koffman M.C. Dalakas Association of inclusion body myositis with autoimmune disease and autoantibodies [abstract] Ann Neurol 18 1995 33
161. B. Sarkozi V. Askanas W.K. Engel Abnormal accumulation of prion protein mRNA in muscle fibers of patients with sporadic inclusion body myositis and hereditary inclusion body myopathy Am J Pathol 160 1994 1280 1284
162. M.E. Sayers S.M. Chou L.H. Calabrese Inclusion body myositis: Analysis of 32 cases J Rheumatol 19 1992 1385 1389
163. M.I. Schwartz R.A. Matthay S.A. Sahn Interstitial lung disease in polymyositis and dermatomyositis: Analysis of six cases and review of the literature Medicine 55 1976 89 104
164. E.A. Sekul C. Chow M.C. Dalakas Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the forearm as a diagnostic aid in patients with inclusion body myositis (IBM) [abstract] Neurology 44 suppl 2 1994 A130
165. E.A. Sekul M.C. Dalakas Inclusion body myositis: New concepts Semin Neurol 13 1993 256 263
166. C. Semino-Mora M.C. Dalakas Red rimmed vacuoles with B-amyloid deposition in the muscles of patients with post-polio syndrome: Histopathologic similarities with inclusion body myositis [abstract] Neurology 46 suppl 1996 116
167. G.C. Sharp W.S. Irvan E. Tan Mixed connective tissue disease—an apparently distinct rheumatic disease syndrome associated with a specific antibody to an extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) Am J Med 52 1972 148 159
168. M. Shevell B. Rosenblatt K. Silver Congenital inflammatory myopathy Neurology 40 1990 1111 1114
169. B. Sigurgeirsson B. Lindelöf O. Edhag Risk of cancer in patient with dermatomyositis or polymyositis N Engl J Med 326 1992 363 367
170. P.A. Sinoway J.P. Callen Chlorambucil: An effective corticosteroid-sparing agent for patients with recalcitrant dermatomyositis Arthritis Rheum 36 1993 319 324
171. M.C. Sokoloff L.S. Goldberg C.M. Pearson Treatment of corticosteroid-resistant polymyositis with methotrexate Lancet 1 1971 14 16
172. S.A. Soueidan M.C. Dalakas Treatment of inclusion body myositis with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin Neurology 43 1993 876 879
173. R. Stern J.H. Godbold Q. Chess ECG abnormalities in polymyositis Arch Intern Med 144 1984 2185 2189
174. T. Stoll B.A. Michel M. Neidhart Polymyositis: Disease course and therapy with intravenously administered immunoglobulins Schweiz Med Wochenschr 122 1992 1458 1465
175. S.L. Strongwater T. Annesley T.J. Schnitzer Myocardial involvement in polymyositis J Rheumatol 10 1983 459 463
176. K.E. Talesni E. Lagomarsino A. Gayan Chronic hemorrhagic cystitis induced by cyclophosphamide in dermatomyositis refractory to corticosteroid therapy Rev Child Pediatr 62 1991 121 124
177. I.N. Targoff Immune manifestations of inflammatory disease Rheum Dis Clin North Am 20 1994 857 880
178. C.E. Thompson Infantile myositis Dev Med Child Neurol 24 1982 307 313
179. C.A. Thornton R.C. Griggs Plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment of neuromuscular disease Ann Neurol 35 1994 260 268
180. D. Trotter D.J. McCarthy M.E. Csuka Treatment of dermatomyositis/polymyositis with combination chemotherapy in early disease abstract Arthritis Rheum 34 1991 S149
181. D.L. Tuffanelli R.K. Winkelman Scleroderma: A clinical study of 727 cases Arch Dermatol 84 1961 359 371
182. K.E. Tymms J. Webb Dermatomyositis and other connective tissue diseases: A review of 105 cases J Rheumatol 12 1985 1140 1148
183. M. Uchino S. Araki O. Yoshida High single dose alternate day corticosteroid regimens in treatment of polymyositis J Neurol 232 1985 175 178
184. S. van der Meer J.W. Imhof J.C. Borleffs Cyclosporine for polymyositis [letter] Ann Rheum Dis 45 1986 612
185. A. Verma W.G. Bradley A.M. Adensina Inclusion body myositis with cricopharyngeus muscle involvement and severe dysphagia Muscle Nerve 14 1991 470 473
186. D.J. Wallace A.L. Metzger K.K. White Combination immunosuppressive treatment of steroid-resistant dermatomyositis/polymyositis Arthritis Rheum 28 1985 590 592
187. J.N. Whitaker W.K. Engel Vascular deposits of immunoglobulin and complement in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy N Engl J Med 286 1972 332 338
188. T.Y. Woo J.P. Callen J.J. Voorhees Cutaneous lesions of dermatomyositis are improved with hydroxychloroquine J Am Acad Dermatol 10 1984 592 600
189. E.J. Yunis F.J. Samaha Inclusion body myositis Lab Invest 25 1971 240 248
190. S.R. Ytterberg The relationship of infectious agents to inflammatory myositis Rheum Dis Clin North Am 20 1994 995 1015
191. P. Zabel G. Leimenstoll W.L. Gross Cyclosporine for acute dermatomyositis letter Lancet 1 1984 343
192. M.A. Zhanuzakov O.M. Vinogradova A.P. Soleva Effect of corticosteroids on survival of patients with idiopathic dermatomyositis Ter Arkh 58 1986 102 105
193. D. Zitnan J. Rovensky J. Lukac Systemic connective tissue diseases-prognostic conclusions on a 30 year study Vnitr Lek 37 1991 853