Iron, anemia, and infection

Nutrition Reviews

Volumn 55, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 111-124

  Walter, Tomás ^a   Olivares, Manuel ^a   Pizarro, Fernando ^a   Muñoz, Carlos ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CHILE   (Chile)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; IRON;

ANEMIA; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; HUMAN; IMMUNITY; INFECTION; INFLAMMATION; IRON METABOLISM; REVIEW;

EID: 0030871962     PISSN: 00296643     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1997.tb06462.x     Document Type: Review

References (89)

1. Trousseau A. Lectures on clinical medicine. London: New Sydeham Society, 1882
2. McFarlane H, Reddy S, Adcock KJ, et al. Immunity transferrin and survival in kwashiorkor. Br Med J 1970;4:268-70
3. McFarlane H, Okubadejo M, Reddy S. Transferrin and Staphylococcus aureus in kwashiorkor. Am J Clin Pathol 1972;57:587-91
4. Murray MJ, Murray AB, Murray CJ, Murray MB. Refeeding-malaria and hyperferraemia. Lancet 1975;1:653-4
5. Murray MJ, Murray AB. Starvation suppression and refeeding activation of infection: an ecological necessity? Lancet 1975;1:123-5
6. Murray MJ, Murray AB, Murray MB, Murray CJ. The adverse effect of iron repletion on the course of certain infections. Br Med J 1978;11:113-5
7. Mackay HNM. Anaemia in infancy: its prevalence and prevention. Arch Dis Child 1928;3:117-46
8. Andelman MB, Sered BR. Utilization of dietary iron by term infants. Arch Dis Child 1966;111:45-55
9. Burman D. Hemoglobin levels in normal infants aged 3 to 24 months, and the effect of iron. Arch Dis Child 1972;47:261
10. Lovric VA. Normal haematologic values in children aged 6 to 36 months and socio-medical implications. Med J Aust 1970;2:366-77
11. Cantwell RJ. Iron deficiency anaemia of infancy. Clin Pediatr 1972;11:403-49
12. Oppenheimer SJ, MacFarlane SBJ, Moody JB, et al. Effect of iron prophylaxis on morbidity due to infectious disease. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1986;80:596-602
13. Barry DMJ, Reeve AW. Increased incidence gram-negative neonatal sepsis with intramuscular iron administration. Pediatrics 1977;60:908-12
14. Leikin SL. The use of intramuscular iron in the prophylaxis of the iron deficiency anemia of prematurity. Am J Dis Child 1960;99:739-45
15. Salmi T, Hanninen P, Peltonen T. Applicability of chelated iron in the care of prematures. Acta Paediatr Scand 1963;140:114-5
16. Oppenheimer SJ, Gibson FD, McFarlane SB, et al. Iron supplementation increases prevalence and effects of malaria: report on clinical studies in Papua New Guinea. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1986;80:603-12
17. Stekel A, Olivares M, Cayazzo M, et al. Prevention of iron deficiency by milk fortification. II. A field trial with a full fat acidified milk. Am J Clin Nutr 1988;47:265-9
18. Heresi G, Olivares M, Pizarro F, et al. Effect of an iron fortified milk on morbidity in infancy: a field trial. Nutr Res 1987;7:915-22
19. Heresi G, Pizarro F, Olivares M, et al. Effect of supplementation with an iron-fortified milk on incidence of diarrhea and respiratory disease in urban resident infants. Scand J Infect Dis 1995;27:358-89
20. Tunnessen WW, Oski FA. Consequences of starting whole cow milk at 6 months of age. J Pediatr 1987;111:813-6
21. Baer AN, Dessypris EN, Goldwasser E, Krants SB. Blunted erythropoietin response to anaemia in rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Haematol 1987;66:559-64
22. Eastgate JA, Wood NC, DiGiovine FS, et al. Correlation of plasma interluekin-1 levels with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 1988;2:706-9
23. Means RT, Dessypris EN, Kranstz SB. Inhibition of human erythroid colony-forming units by interleukin-1 is mediated by gamma interferon. J Cell Physiol 1992;150:59-64
24. Teppo A-M, Maury CJP. Radioimmunoassay of tumor necrosis factor in serum. Clin Chem 1987;33:2024-7
25. Means RT, Dessypris EN, Krantz SB. Inhibition of human erythroid colony-forming units by tumor necrosis factor requires accessory cells. J Clin Invest 1990;86:538-41
26. Means RT, Krantz SB. Inhibition of human erythroid colony-forming units by tumor necrosis factor requires beta interferon. J Clin Invest 1993;91:416-9
27. Fuchs D, Zangerle R, Artner-Divorzak E, et al. Association between immune activation, changes of iron metabolism and anaemia in patients with HIV infection. Eur J Haematol 1993;50:90-4
28. Denz H, Fuchs D, Huber H, et al. Correlation between neopterin, interferon-gamma and hemoglobin in patients with haematological disorders. Eur J Haematol 1990;44:186-9
29. Vadhan-Raj S, Al-Katib A, Bhalla R, et al. Phase I trial of recombinant interferon gamma in cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 1986;4:137-46
30. Mamus SW, Beck-Schroeder S, Zanjani ED. Supression of normal human erythropoiesis by gamma interferon in vitro. Role of monocytes and T lymphocytes. J Clin Invest 1985;75:1496-503
31. Raefsky EL, Platanias KC, Zoumbos NC, Young NS. Studies of interferon as a regulator of hematopoietic cell proliferation. J Immunol 1985;135:2507-12
32. Faquin WC, Schneider TJ, Goldberg MA. Effect of inflammatory cytokines on hypoxia-induced erythropoietin production. Blood 1992;79:1987-94
33. Jelkmann W, Pagel H, Wolff M, Fandrey J. Monokines inhibiting erythropoietin production in human hepatoma cultures and in isolated perfused rat kidneys. Life Sci 1991;50:301-8
34. Pincus T, Olsen NJ, Russell IJ, et al. Multicenter study of recombinant human erythropoietin in correction of anemia in rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Med 1990;89:161-8
35. Henry DA, Beall GN, Benson CA, et al. Recombinant human erythropoietin in the treatment of anemia associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and zidovudine therapy: overview of four clinical trials. Ann Intern Med 1992;117:739-48
36. Ludwig H, Fritz E, Kotzmann H, et al. Erythropoietin treatment of anemia associated with multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 1990;322:1693-9
37. Abels RI. Use of recombinant human erythropoietin in the treatment of anemia in patients who have cancer. Semin Oncol 1992;19(suppl 8):29-35
38. Means RT, Krantz SB. Inhibition of human erythroid colony-forming units by interferon can be corrected by recombinant human erythropoietin. Blood 1991;78:2564-7
39. Means RT Jr, Krantz SB. Progress in understanding the pathogenesis of the anemia of chronic disease. Blood 1992;80:1639-47
40. Lee GR. The anemia of chronic disease. Semin Hematol 1983;20:61-80
41. Pekarek RS, Bostian KA, Bartelloni PJ, et al. The effects of Francisella tularensis infection on iron metabolism in man. Am J Med Sci 1969;258:14-25
42. Reeves JD, Yip R, Dallman PR. Iron deficiency in infants: the influence of mild antecedent infection. J Pediatr 1984;105:874-9
43. Jansson LT, Kling S, Dallman PR. Anemia in children with acute infections seen in a primary care pediatric outpatient clinic. Pediatr Infec Dis 1984;5:424-7
44. Olivares M, Walter T, Llaguno S. Anemia en infecciones agudas febriles leves. Rev Chil Pediatr 1995;66:19-23
45. Olivares M, Walter T, Osorio M, et al. Anemia of a mild viral infection: the measles vaccine as a model. Pediatrics 1989;84:851-5
46. Olivares M, Walter T, Llaguno S, et al. Modificaciones del hemograma y de los parámetros de laboratorio indicadores del metabolismo del hierro en infecciones virales leves. Sangre 1993;38: 211-6
47. Olivares M, Walter T, Osorio M, et al. Effect of a mild viral infection on laboratory measures of iron nutriture: the measles vaccine as a model. In: Hercberg S, Galan P, Dupin H, eds. Recent knowledge on iron and folate deficiencies in the world. Paris, France: Colloque INSERM, 1990;197:209-15
48. Skikne BS, Flowers CH, Cook JD. Serum transferrin receptor: a quantitative measure of tissue iron deficiency. Blood 1990;75:1870-6
49. Ferguson BJ, Skikne BS, Simpson KM, et al. Serum transferrin receptor distinguishes anemia of chronic disease from iron deficiency anemia. J Lab Clin Med 1992;119:385-90
50. Singhal A, Cook JD, Skikne BS, et al. The clinical significance of serum transferrin receptor levels in sickle cell disease. Br J Haematol 1993;84:301-4
51. Olivares M, Walter T, Cook JD, Llaguno S. Effect of acute infection on measurement of iron status: usefulness of the serum transferrin receptor. Int J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1995;2:31-3
52. Thelander L, Fraslund A, Thelander M. Continual presence of oxygen and iron required for mammalian ribonucleotide reduction: possible regulation mechanism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1983;110:859-82
53. Reichard P, Ahrenberg A. Ribonucleotide reductase - a radical enzyme. Science 1983;221:514-9
54. Joynson DHM, Jacobs A, Walker DM, Dolby AE. Defect of cell-mediated immunity in patients with iron-deficiency anemia. Lancet 1972;2:1058
55. Vyas D, Chandra RK. Functional implications of iron deficiency. In: Stekel A, ed. Iron nutrition in infancy and childhood. New York: Raven Press, 1984;45
56. Chandra RK, Saraya AK. Impaired immunocompetence associated with iron deficiency. J Pediatr 1975;86:899
57. Macdougall LG, Anderson R, McNab GM, Katz J. The immune response in iron-deficient children: impaired cellular defense mechanisms with altered humoral components. J Pediatr 1975;86:833
58. Krantman HJ, Young SR, O'Donnell CM, et al. Immune function in pure iron deficiency. Am J Dis Child 1982;136:840
59. Bhaskaram C, Reddy V. Cell-mediated immunity in iron and vitamin-deficient children. Br Med J 1975;3:522
60. Kulapongs P, Vithayasai V, Suskin R, Olson RE. Cell-mediated immunity and phagocytosis and killing function in children with severe iron-deficiency anaemia. Lancet 1974;2:689-91
61. Chandra RK. Reduced bactericidal capacity of polymorphs in iron deficiency. Arch Dis Child 1973;48:864-6
62. Yetgin A, Altay C, Ciliv G, Laleli Y. Myeloperoxidase activity and bactericidal function of PMN in iron deficiency. Acta Haematol 1979;61:10-4
63. Moore LL, Humbert JR. Neutrophil bactericidal dysfunction towards oxidant radical-sensitive microorganisms during experimental iron deficiency. Pediatr Res 1984;18:684-9
64. Babior BM. The respiratory burst of phagocytes. J Clin Invest 1983;73:599-601
65. Ambruso DR, Johnston RB Jr. Lactoferrin enhances hydroxyl radical production by human neutrophils, neutrophil particulate fractions, and an enzymatic generating system. J Clin Invest 1981;67:352-60
66. Walter T, Arredondo M, Arevalo N, Stekel A. Effect of iron therapy on phagocytosis and bactericidal activity in neutrophils of iron-deficient infants. Am J Clin Nutr 1986;44:877-82
67. Murakawa H, Bland CE, Willis WT, Dallman PR. Iron deficiency and neutrophil function: different rates of correction of the depressions in oxidative burst and myeloperoxidase activity after iron treatment. Blood 1987;69:1464-8
68. Weinberg E. Iron and infection. Microbiol Rev 1978;42:45-66
69. Muñoz C, Heresi G, Arévalo M, et al. Impaired lymphoproliferative response to alloantigens and phytohaemagglutinin in marasmic infants. Nutr Res 1983;3:181-7
70. Dallman PR. Iron deficiency and the immune response. Am J Clin Nutr 1987;46:329-34
71. Berger J, Schneider D, Dyck JL, et al. Iron deficiency, cell-mediated immunity and infection among 6-36 month old children living in rural Togo. Nutr Res 1992;12:39-49
72. Kuvibidila S, Baliga BS, Murthy KK. Impaired protein kinase C activation as one of the possible mechanisms of reduced lymphocyte proliferation in iron deficiency in mice. Am J Clin Nutr 1991;54:944-50
73. Skikne BS, Flowers CH, Cook JD. Serum transferrin receptor: a quantitative measure of tissue iron deficiency. Blood 1990;75:1870-6
74. Helyar L, Sherman AR. Iron deficiency and interleukin-1 production by rat leukocytes. Am J Clin Nutr 1987;46:346-52
75. Kuvibidila S, Murthy KK, Suskind RM. Alteration of interleukin-2 production in iron deficiency anemia. J Nutr Immunol 1992;1:81-98
76. Galan P, Thibault H, Preziosi P, Hercberg S. Interleukin-2 production in iron-deficient children. Biol Trace Elem Res 1992;32:421-3
77. Johnson RA, Waddelow TA, Caro J, et al. Chronic exposure to tumor necrosis factor in vivo preferentially inhibits erythropoiesis in nude mice. Blood 1989;74:130-3
78. Tsuji Y, Miller LL, Miller SC, et al. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 1-a regulate transferrin receptor in human diploid fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 1991;266:7257-61
79. Moldawer LL, Marano MA, Wei H, et al. Cachectin/ tumor necrosis factor-a alters red blood cell kinetics and induces anemia in vivo. FASEB J 1989;3: 1637-43
80. Tracey KJ, Wei H, Manogue KR, et al. Cachectin/ tumor necrosis factor induces cachexia, anemia and inflammation. J Exp Med 1988;167:1211-27
81. Muñoz C, Olivares M, Schlesinger L, et al. Increased in vitro tumour necrosis factor-a production in iron deficiency anemia. Eur Cytokine Netw 1994;5: 401-4
82. Scuderi P. Differential effects of copper and zinc on human peripheral blood monocytes cytokine secretion. Cell Immunol 1990;126:391-405
83. Novogrodsky A, Suthanthiran M, Stenzel KH. Ferromitogens: iron-containing compounds with lymphocyte-stimulatory properties. Cell Immunol 1991;133:295-305
84. Scuderi P. Suppression of human leukocyte tumor necrosis factor secretion by the serine protease inhibitor p-toluenesulfonyl-l-arginine methyl ester (TAME). J Immunol 1989;143:168-73
85. Taga T, Kishimoto T. Cytokine receptors and signal transduction. FASEB J 1993;7:3387-96
86. Wright TL, Fitz JG, Weisiger RA. Non-transferrin-bound iron uptake by rat liver. J Biol Chem 1988;263:1842-7
87. Sturrock A, Alexander J, Lamb J, et al. Characterization of a transferrin-independent uptake system for iron in Hela Cells. J Biol Chem 1990;265:3139-45
88. Inman RS, Wessling-Resnick M. Characterization of transferrin-independent iron transport in K562 cells. J Biol Chem 1993;268:8521-8
89. Kaplan J, Jordan I, Sturrock A. Regulation of the transferrin-independent iron transport system in cultured cells. J Biol Chem 1991;266:2997-3004