메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 11, 1997, Pages 791-799

Sympathetic burst activity: Characteristics and significance

Author keywords

Baroreceptor reflex; Rostral ventrolateral medulla; Spinal cord

Indexed keywords

BRAIN STEM; HEART CYCLE; HUMAN; NERVE CONDUCTION; NONHUMAN; PREGANGLIONIC NERVE CELL; PRESSORECEPTOR REFLEX; REVIEW; SPINAL CORD; SYMPATHETIC TONE;

EID: 0030866103     PISSN: 03051870     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.1997.tb02693.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (88)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 0000657016 scopus 로고
    • Discharges in mammalian sympathetic nerves
    • Adrian ED, Bronk DW, Phillips G. Discharges in mammalian sympathetic nerves. J. Physiol. 1932; 74: 115-33.
    • (1932) J. Physiol. , vol.74 , pp. 115-133
    • Adrian, E.D.1    Bronk, D.W.2    Phillips, G.3
  • 3
    • 21844491466 scopus 로고
    • Spectral analysis: A tool for study of neonatal sympathetic systems
    • Gootman PM, Sica AL. Spectral analysis: A tool for study of neonatal sympathetic systems. News Physiol. Sci. 1994; 9: 233-6.
    • (1994) News Physiol. Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 233-236
    • Gootman, P.M.1    Sica, A.L.2
  • 4
    • 0029114311 scopus 로고
    • Good vibrations? Respiratory rhythms in the central control of blood pressure
    • Pilowsky P. Good vibrations? Respiratory rhythms in the central control of blood pressure. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1995; 22: 594-604.
    • (1995) Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. , vol.22 , pp. 594-604
    • Pilowsky, P.1
  • 5
    • 0030583829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The discharge behaviour of single sympathetic neurones supplying human sweat glands
    • Macefield VG, Wallin BG. The discharge behaviour of single sympathetic neurones supplying human sweat glands. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. 1996; 61: 277-86.
    • (1996) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. , vol.61 , pp. 277-286
    • Macefield, V.G.1    Wallin, B.G.2
  • 6
    • 0001512351 scopus 로고
    • Uber die Lage des sogenannten Gefässcentrums in der Medulla oblongata
    • Dittmar C. Uber die Lage des sogenannten Gefässcentrums in der Medulla oblongata. Verh. Sächs. Akad. Wissenshr. Leipzig 1873; 25: 449-69.
    • (1873) Verh. Sächs. Akad. Wissenshr. Leipzig , vol.25 , pp. 449-469
    • Dittmar, C.1
  • 7
    • 0342826369 scopus 로고
    • Afferent impulses in the carotid sinus nerve
    • Bronk DW, Stella G. Afferent impulses in the carotid sinus nerve. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 1932; 1: 113-30.
    • (1932) J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. , vol.1 , pp. 113-130
    • Bronk, D.W.1    Stella, G.2
  • 8
    • 0014141407 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the origin and genesis of a rapid sympathetic rhythm
    • Green JH, Heffron PF. Observations on the origin and genesis of a rapid sympathetic rhythm. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. 1967; 169: 403-11.
    • (1967) Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. , vol.169 , pp. 403-411
    • Green, J.H.1    Heffron, P.F.2
  • 9
    • 0014766105 scopus 로고
    • Periodicities in efferent discharge of splanchnic nerve of the cat
    • Cohen MI, Gootman PM. Periodicities in efferent discharge of splanchnic nerve of the cat. Am. J. Physiol. 1970; 218: 1092-101.
    • (1970) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.218 , pp. 1092-1101
    • Cohen, M.I.1    Gootman, P.M.2
  • 10
    • 0027953931 scopus 로고
    • Differential relationships among the 10 Hz rhythmic discharges of sympathetic nerves with different targets
    • Gebber GL, Zhong S, Barman SM, Paitel Y, Orer HS. Differential relationships among the 10 Hz rhythmic discharges of sympathetic nerves with different targets. Am. J. Physiol. 1994; 267: R387-99.
    • (1994) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.267
    • Gebber, G.L.1    Zhong, S.2    Barman, S.M.3    Paitel, Y.4    Orer, H.S.5
  • 11
    • 0026557095 scopus 로고
    • Fundamental rhythm of renal sympathetic nerve activity in anesthetized cats
    • Malpas SC, Ninomiya I. Fundamental rhythm of renal sympathetic nerve activity in anesthetized cats. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. 1992; 37: 11-18.
    • (1992) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. , vol.37 , pp. 11-18
    • Malpas, S.C.1    Ninomiya, I.2
  • 12
    • 0028978157 scopus 로고
    • The 10 Hz rhythm in the sympathetic nerve activity of cats, rats and rabbits
    • Kubota A, Ootsuka Y, Xu T, Terui N. The 10 Hz rhythm in the sympathetic nerve activity of cats, rats and rabbits. Neurosci. Lett. 1995; 196: 173-6.
    • (1995) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.196 , pp. 173-176
    • Kubota, A.1    Ootsuka, Y.2    Xu, T.3    Terui, N.4
  • 13
    • 0025150063 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of cardiac-related synchronized cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in awake cats
    • Ninomiya I, Akiyama T, Nishiura N. Mechanism of cardiac-related synchronized cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in awake cats. Am. J. Physiol. 1990; 259: R499-506.
    • (1990) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.259
    • Ninomiya, I.1    Akiyama, T.2    Nishiura, N.3
  • 14
    • 0028872220 scopus 로고
    • A 10 Hz rhythm reflects the organization of a brainstem network that specifically governs sympathetic nerve discharge
    • Barman SM, Orer HS, Gebber GL. A 10 Hz rhythm reflects the organization of a brainstem network that specifically governs sympathetic nerve discharge. Brain Res. 1995; 671: 345-50.
    • (1995) Brain Res. , vol.671 , pp. 345-350
    • Barman, S.M.1    Orer, H.S.2    Gebber, G.L.3
  • 15
    • 0031017586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subgroups of rostral ventrolateral medullary and caudal medullary raphe neurons based on patterns of relationship to sympathetic nerve discharge and axonal projections
    • Barman SM, Gebber GL. Subgroups of rostral ventrolateral medullary and caudal medullary raphe neurons based on patterns of relationship to sympathetic nerve discharge and axonal projections. J. Neurophysiol. 1997; 77: 65-75.
    • (1997) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.77 , pp. 65-75
    • Barman, S.M.1    Gebber, G.L.2
  • 16
    • 0028800852 scopus 로고
    • The functional significance of the 10 Hz sympathetic rhythm: A hypothesis
    • Gebber GL, Zhong S, Barman SM. The functional significance of the 10 Hz sympathetic rhythm: A hypothesis. Clin. Exp. Hypertens. 1995; 17: 181-95.
    • (1995) Clin. Exp. Hypertens. , vol.17 , pp. 181-195
    • Gebber, G.L.1    Zhong, S.2    Barman, S.M.3
  • 18
    • 0016787806 scopus 로고
    • Brain stem and spinal synchronization of sympathetic nervous discharge
    • McCall RB, Gebber GL. Brain stem and spinal synchronization of sympathetic nervous discharge. Brain Res. 1975; 89: 139-43.
    • (1975) Brain Res. , vol.89 , pp. 139-143
    • McCall, R.B.1    Gebber, G.L.2
  • 19
    • 0029112016 scopus 로고
    • The spinally mediated 10 Hz rhythm in the sympathetic nerve activity of cats
    • Ootsuka Y, Xu T, Terui N. The spinally mediated 10 Hz rhythm in the sympathetic nerve activity of cats. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. 1995; 54: 89-103.
    • (1995) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. , vol.54 , pp. 89-103
    • Ootsuka, Y.1    Xu, T.2    Terui, N.3
  • 20
    • 0016789621 scopus 로고
    • Baroreceptor mechanisms controlling sympathetic nervous rhythms of central origin
    • Taylor DG, Gebber GL. Baroreceptor mechanisms controlling sympathetic nervous rhythms of central origin. Am. J. Physiol. 1975; 228: 1002-13.
    • (1975) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.228 , pp. 1002-1013
    • Taylor, D.G.1    Gebber, G.L.2
  • 21
    • 0018819166 scopus 로고
    • Basis for 2-6 cycle/s rhythm in sympathetic nerve discharge
    • Gebber GL, Barman SM. Basis for 2-6 cycle/s rhythm in sympathetic nerve discharge. Am. J. Physiol. 1980; 239: R48-56.
    • (1980) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.239
    • Gebber, G.L.1    Barman, S.M.2
  • 22
    • 33750832131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic nerve activities in pulsatile and nonpulsatile systemic circulation in anesthetized goats
    • Toda K, Tatsumi E, Taenaka Y, Masuzawa T, Takano H. Sympathetic nerve activities in pulsatile and nonpulsatile systemic circulation in anesthetized goats. Am. J. Physiol. 1996; 40: H15-22.
    • (1996) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.40
    • Toda, K.1    Tatsumi, E.2    Taenaka, Y.3    Masuzawa, T.4    Takano, H.5
  • 23
  • 24
    • 0017273669 scopus 로고
    • Basis for phase relations between baroreceptor and sympathetic nervous discharge
    • Gebber GL. Basis for phase relations between baroreceptor and sympathetic nervous discharge. Am. J. Physiol. 1976; 230: 263-70.
    • (1976) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.230 , pp. 263-270
    • Gebber, G.L.1
  • 25
    • 0002212838 scopus 로고
    • Central determinants of sympathetic nerve discharge
    • Loewy AD, Spyer KM (eds). Oxford University Press, New York
    • Gebber GL. Central determinants of sympathetic nerve discharge. In: Loewy AD, Spyer KM (eds). Central regulation of autonomic functions. Oxford University Press, New York. 1990; 126-44.
    • (1990) Central Regulation of Autonomic Functions , pp. 126-144
    • Gebber, G.L.1
  • 26
    • 0001387265 scopus 로고
    • Lack of evidence of coupled oscillator mechanisms in the generation of sympathetic rhythms
    • Ciriello J, Calaresu FR, Renaud LP, Polosa C (eds). Alan R Liss Inc., New York
    • Bachoo M, Polosa C. Lack of evidence of coupled oscillator mechanisms in the generation of sympathetic rhythms. In: Ciriello J, Calaresu FR, Renaud LP, Polosa C (eds). Organization of the autonomic nervous system. Alan R Liss Inc., New York. 1987; 189-202.
    • (1987) Organization of the Autonomic Nervous System , pp. 189-202
    • Bachoo, M.1    Polosa, C.2
  • 27
    • 0027980307 scopus 로고
    • Caudal ventrolateral medullary neurons are elements of the network responsible for the 10 Hz rhythm in sympathetic nerve discharge
    • Barman SM, Orer HS, Gebber GL. Caudal ventrolateral medullary neurons are elements of the network responsible for the 10 Hz rhythm in sympathetic nerve discharge. J. Neurophysiol. 1994; 72: 106-20.
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 106-120
    • Barman, S.M.1    Orer, H.S.2    Gebber, G.L.3
  • 28
    • 0027247454 scopus 로고
    • Role of the spinal cord in generating the 2 to 6 Hz rhythm in rat sympathetic outflow
    • Allen AM, Adams JM, Guyenet PG. Role of the spinal cord in generating the 2 to 6 Hz rhythm in rat sympathetic outflow. Am. J. Physiol. 1993; 264: R938-45.
    • (1993) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.264
    • Allen, A.M.1    Adams, J.M.2    Guyenet, P.G.3
  • 29
    • 0014330664 scopus 로고
    • Pulse and respiratory grouping of sympathetic impulses in human muscle nerves
    • Hagbarth KE, Vallbo AB. Pulse and respiratory grouping of sympathetic impulses in human muscle nerves. Acta Physiol. Scand. 1968; 74: 96-108.
    • (1968) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.74 , pp. 96-108
    • Hagbarth, K.E.1    Vallbo, A.B.2
  • 30
    • 21844513148 scopus 로고
    • Insights from intraneural recordings of sympathetic nerve traffic in humans
    • Wallin BG, Elam M. Insights from intraneural recordings of sympathetic nerve traffic in humans. News Physiol. Sci. 1994; 9: 203-7.
    • (1994) News Physiol. Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 203-207
    • Wallin, B.G.1    Elam, M.2
  • 31
    • 0017903818 scopus 로고
    • Human muscle nerve sympathetic activity at rest, relationship to blood pressure and age
    • Sundlöf G, Wallin BG. Human muscle nerve sympathetic activity at rest, relationship to blood pressure and age. J. Physiol. 1978; 274: 621-37.
    • (1978) J. Physiol. , vol.274 , pp. 621-637
    • Sundlöf, G.1    Wallin, B.G.2
  • 32
    • 0021867951 scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic outflow in man after anaesthesia of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves
    • Fagius J, Wallin BG, Sundlof G, Nerhed L, Englesson S. Sympathetic outflow in man after anaesthesia of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves. Brain 1985; 108: 423-38.
    • (1985) Brain , vol.108 , pp. 423-438
    • Fagius, J.1    Wallin, B.G.2    Sundlof, G.3    Nerhed, L.4    Englesson, S.5
  • 33
    • 0027955829 scopus 로고
    • Coupling between variations in strength and baroreflex latency of sympathetic discharges in human muscle nerves
    • Wallin BG, Burke D, Gandevia S. Coupling between variations in strength and baroreflex latency of sympathetic discharges in human muscle nerves. J. Physiol. 1994; 474: 331-8.
    • (1994) J. Physiol. , vol.474 , pp. 331-338
    • Wallin, B.G.1    Burke, D.2    Gandevia, S.3
  • 34
    • 0018911349 scopus 로고
    • Thermoregulatory and rhythm-generating mechanisms governing the sudomotor and vasoconstrictor outflow in human cutaneous nerves
    • Bini G, Hagbarth KE, Hynninin P, Wallin BG. Thermoregulatory and rhythm-generating mechanisms governing the sudomotor and vasoconstrictor outflow in human cutaneous nerves. J. Physiol. 1980; 306: 537-52.
    • (1980) J. Physiol. , vol.306 , pp. 537-552
    • Bini, G.1    Hagbarth, K.E.2    Hynninin, P.3    Wallin, B.G.4
  • 35
    • 0026758539 scopus 로고
    • The amplitude and periodicity of synchronized renal sympathetic nerve discharges in anesthetized cats: Differential effect of baroreceptor activity
    • Malpas SC, Ninomiya I. The amplitude and periodicity of synchronized renal sympathetic nerve discharges in anesthetized cats: Differential effect of baroreceptor activity. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. 1992; 40: 189-98.
    • (1992) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. , vol.40 , pp. 189-198
    • Malpas, S.C.1    Ninomiya, I.2
  • 36
    • 0030458343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency and amplitude of sympathetic discharges by baroreflexes during hypoxia in conscious rabbits
    • Malpas SC, Bendle RD, Head GA, Ricketts JH. Frequency and amplitude of sympathetic discharges by baroreflexes during hypoxia in conscious rabbits. Am. J. Physiol. 1996; 40: H2563-74.
    • (1996) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.40
    • Malpas, S.C.1    Bendle, R.D.2    Head, G.A.3    Ricketts, J.H.4
  • 37
    • 0030943288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain angiotensinergic pathways mediate renal nerve inhibition by central hypertonic saline in conscious sheep
    • May CN, McAllen RM. Brain angiotensinergic pathways mediate renal nerve inhibition by central hypertonic saline in conscious sheep. Am. J. Physiol. 1997; 272: R593-600.
    • (1997) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.272
    • May, C.N.1    McAllen, R.M.2
  • 38
    • 0021780330 scopus 로고
    • Organisation of the lumbar sympathetic outflow to skeletal muscle and skin of the cat hindlimb and tail
    • Jänig W. Organisation of the lumbar sympathetic outflow to skeletal muscle and skin of the cat hindlimb and tail. Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1985; 102: 119-213.
    • (1985) Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.102 , pp. 119-213
    • Jänig, W.1
  • 39
    • 0028610477 scopus 로고
    • The discharge behaviour of single vasoconstrictor motorneurones in human muscle nerves
    • Macefield VG, Wallin BG, Vallbo AB. The discharge behaviour of single vasoconstrictor motorneurones in human muscle nerves. J. Physiol. 1994; 491: 799-809.
    • (1994) J. Physiol. , vol.491 , pp. 799-809
    • Macefield, V.G.1    Wallin, B.G.2    Vallbo, A.B.3
  • 40
    • 0029906510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the dominant rhythm in the discharges of single postganglionic sympathetic neurons innervating the rat tail artery
    • Johnson CD, Gilbey MP. On the dominant rhythm in the discharges of single postganglionic sympathetic neurons innervating the rat tail artery. J. Physiol. 1996; 497: 241-59.
    • (1996) J. Physiol. , vol.497 , pp. 241-259
    • Johnson, C.D.1    Gilbey, M.P.2
  • 41
    • 0027491838 scopus 로고
    • The amplitude of synchronized cardiac sympathetic nerve activity reflects the number of activated pre- and postganglionic fibers in anesthetized cats
    • Ninomiya I, Malpas SC, Matsukawa K, Shindo T, Akiyama T. The amplitude of synchronized cardiac sympathetic nerve activity reflects the number of activated pre- and postganglionic fibers in anesthetized cats. J Auton. Nerv. Syst. 1993; 45: 139-47.
    • (1993) J Auton. Nerv. Syst. , vol.45 , pp. 139-147
    • Ninomiya, I.1    Malpas, S.C.2    Matsukawa, K.3    Shindo, T.4    Akiyama, T.5
  • 42
    • 0026496454 scopus 로고
    • A new approach to analysis of synchronized sympathetic nerve activity
    • Malpas SC, Ninomiya I. A new approach to analysis of synchronized sympathetic nerve activity. Am. J. Physiol. 1992; 263: H1311-17.
    • (1992) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.263
    • Malpas, S.C.1    Ninomiya, I.2
  • 43
    • 0026570033 scopus 로고
    • Fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials and the responses to excitant amino acids of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the slice of the spinal cord
    • Inokuchi H, Yoshimura M, Yamada S, Polosa C, Nishi S. Fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials and the responses to excitant amino acids of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the slice of the spinal cord. Neuroscience 1992; 46: 657-67.
    • (1992) Neuroscience , vol.46 , pp. 657-667
    • Inokuchi, H.1    Yoshimura, M.2    Yamada, S.3    Polosa, C.4    Nishi, S.5
  • 44
    • 0029006521 scopus 로고
    • Membrane properties and synaptic potentials in rat sympathetic preganglionic neurons studied in horizontal spinal cord slices in vitro
    • Sah P, McLachlan EM. Membrane properties and synaptic potentials in rat sympathetic preganglionic neurons studied in horizontal spinal cord slices in vitro. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. 1995; 53: 1-15.
    • (1995) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. , vol.53 , pp. 1-15
    • Sah, P.1    McLachlan, E.M.2
  • 45
    • 0022512345 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenaline induces rhythmic bursting in sympathetic preganglionic neurons
    • Yoshimura M, Polosa C, Nishi S. Noradrenaline induces rhythmic bursting in sympathetic preganglionic neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 1986; 55: 1234-46.
    • (1986) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.55 , pp. 1234-1246
    • Yoshimura, M.1    Polosa, C.2    Nishi, S.3
  • 46
    • 0022588245 scopus 로고
    • Three types of sympathetic preganglionic neurones with different electrophysiological properties are identified by intracellular recordings in the cat
    • Dembowsky K, Czachurski J, Seller H. Three types of sympathetic preganglionic neurones with different electrophysiological properties are identified by intracellular recordings in the cat. Pflügers Arch. 1986; 406: 112-20.
    • (1986) Pflügers Arch. , vol.406 , pp. 112-120
    • Dembowsky, K.1    Czachurski, J.2    Seller, H.3
  • 47
    • 0025533061 scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic electrical properties of nerve cells and their role in network oscillation
    • Llinas R. Intrinsic electrical properties of nerve cells and their role in network oscillation. Cold Spring Habor Symp. Quant. Biol. 1990; 15: 933-8.
    • (1990) Cold Spring Habor Symp. Quant. Biol. , vol.15 , pp. 933-938
    • Llinas, R.1
  • 48
    • 0028170188 scopus 로고
    • 5-Hydoxytryptamine evokes depolarization membrane potential oscillations in rat sympathetic preganglionic neurones
    • Pickering AE, Spanswick D, Logan SD. 5-Hydoxytryptamine evokes depolarization membrane potential oscillations in rat sympathetic preganglionic neurones. J. Physiol. 1994; 480: 108-21.
    • (1994) J. Physiol. , vol.480 , pp. 108-121
    • Pickering, A.E.1    Spanswick, D.2    Logan, S.D.3
  • 49
    • 0021843594 scopus 로고
    • Morphology of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the thoracic spinal cord of the cat: An intracellular horseradish peroxidase study
    • Dembowsky K, Czachurski J, Seller H. Morphology of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the thoracic spinal cord of the cat: An intracellular horseradish peroxidase study. J. Comp. Neurol. 1985; 238: 453-65.
    • (1985) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.238 , pp. 453-465
    • Dembowsky, K.1    Czachurski, J.2    Seller, H.3
  • 50
    • 0028967239 scopus 로고
    • Properties of preganglionic and postganglionic neurones in vasoconstrictor pathways of rats and guinea pigs
    • McLachlan EM. Properties of preganglionic and postganglionic neurones in vasoconstrictor pathways of rats and guinea pigs. Clin. Exp. Hypertens. 1995; 17: 345-59.
    • (1995) Clin. Exp. Hypertens. , vol.17 , pp. 345-359
    • McLachlan, E.M.1
  • 51
    • 0017815839 scopus 로고
    • Changes in extracellular potassium during the spontaneous activity of medullary respiratory neurones
    • Richter DW, Camerer H, Sonnhof U. Changes in extracellular potassium during the spontaneous activity of medullary respiratory neurones. Pflügers Arch. 1978; 376: 139-49.
    • (1978) Pflügers Arch. , vol.376 , pp. 139-149
    • Richter, D.W.1    Camerer, H.2    Sonnhof, U.3
  • 52
    • 0028893629 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a critical role of nitric oxide in the tonic excitation of rabbit renal sympathetic preganglionic neurones
    • Hakim MA, Hirooka Y, Coleman MJ, Bennett MR, Dampney RAL. Evidence for a critical role of nitric oxide in the tonic excitation of rabbit renal sympathetic preganglionic neurones. J. Physiol. 1995; 482: 401-7.
    • (1995) J. Physiol. , vol.482 , pp. 401-407
    • Hakim, M.A.1    Hirooka, Y.2    Coleman, M.J.3    Bennett, M.R.4    Dampney, R.A.L.5
  • 54
    • 0028955539 scopus 로고
    • Integrative properties of sympathetic preganglionic neurones within the thoracic spinal cord
    • Dembowsky K. Integrative properties of sympathetic preganglionic neurones within the thoracic spinal cord. Clin. Exp. Hypertens. 1995; 17: 313-21.
    • (1995) Clin. Exp. Hypertens. , vol.17 , pp. 313-321
    • Dembowsky, K.1
  • 55
    • 9844231305 scopus 로고
    • Cell and neutrophil architecture of the intermediolateral (sympathetic) nucleus of the cat spinal cord
    • Rethelyi M. Cell and neutrophil architecture of the intermediolateral (sympathetic) nucleus of the cat spinal cord. Brain Res. 1972; 164: 413-25.
    • (1972) Brain Res. , vol.164 , pp. 413-425
    • Rethelyi, M.1
  • 56
    • 0018892883 scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic reflex latencies and conduction velocities in normal man
    • Fagius J, Wallin BG. Sympathetic reflex latencies and conduction velocities in normal man. J. Neurol. Sci. 1980; 47: 433-48.
    • (1980) J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.47 , pp. 433-448
    • Fagius, J.1    Wallin, B.G.2
  • 57
    • 0025834831 scopus 로고
    • High power, low frequency components of cardiac, renal, splenic and vertebral sympathetic nerve activities are uniformly reduced by spinal cord transection
    • Zhong S, Kenney MJ, Gebber GL. High power, low frequency components of cardiac, renal, splenic and vertebral sympathetic nerve activities are uniformly reduced by spinal cord transection. Brain Res. 1991; 556: 130-4.
    • (1991) Brain Res. , vol.556 , pp. 130-134
    • Zhong, S.1    Kenney, M.J.2    Gebber, G.L.3
  • 58
    • 0028889136 scopus 로고
    • Differential relationships among 10 Hz rhythmic discharges of sympathetic nerves with different targets depend on supraspinal rather than spinal mechanisms
    • Zhong S, Gebber GL, Barman SM. Differential relationships among 10 Hz rhythmic discharges of sympathetic nerves with different targets depend on supraspinal rather than spinal mechanisms. Brain Res. 1995; 670: 329-32.
    • (1995) Brain Res. , vol.670 , pp. 329-332
    • Zhong, S.1    Gebber, G.L.2    Barman, S.M.3
  • 59
    • 0026527417 scopus 로고
    • Effect of chemoreceptor stimulation on the periodicity of renal sympathetic nerve activity in anesthetized cats
    • Malpas SC, Ninomiya I. Effect of chemoreceptor stimulation on the periodicity of renal sympathetic nerve activity in anesthetized cats. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. 1992; 37: 19-28.
    • (1992) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. , vol.37 , pp. 19-28
    • Malpas, S.C.1    Ninomiya, I.2
  • 60
    • 0014262830 scopus 로고
    • Baroreceptor control of postganglionic sympathetic nerve discharge
    • Kezdi P, Geller E. Baroreceptor control of postganglionic sympathetic nerve discharge. Am. J. Physiol. 1968; 214: 427-35.
    • (1968) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.214 , pp. 427-435
    • Kezdi, P.1    Geller, E.2
  • 61
    • 0014237667 scopus 로고
    • Studies upon the relationship between baroreceptor and sympathetic activity
    • Green JH, Heffron PF. Studies upon the relationship between baroreceptor and sympathetic activity. Q. J. Exp. Physiol. 1968; 53: 23-32.
    • (1968) Q. J. Exp. Physiol. , vol.53 , pp. 23-32
    • Green, J.H.1    Heffron, P.F.2
  • 62
    • 0025149675 scopus 로고
    • Arterial baroreceptor reflex: Its central and peripheral neural mechanisms
    • Kumada M, Terui N, Kuwaki T. Arterial baroreceptor reflex: Its central and peripheral neural mechanisms. Prog. Neurobiol. 1990; 35: 331-61.
    • (1990) Prog. Neurobiol. , vol.35 , pp. 331-361
    • Kumada, M.1    Terui, N.2    Kuwaki, T.3
  • 63
    • 9844244369 scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic 'rebound' following brief inhibition by baroreceptors
    • McAllen RM, Malpas SC. Sympathetic 'rebound' following brief inhibition by baroreceptors. Proc. Aust. Neurosci. Soc. 1995; 6: 106.
    • (1995) Proc. Aust. Neurosci. Soc. , vol.6 , pp. 106
    • McAllen, R.M.1    Malpas, S.C.2
  • 64
    • 0028355340 scopus 로고
    • Origin of cardiac-related synchronized cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in anesthetized cats
    • Hedman AE, Matsukawa K, Ninomiya I. Origin of cardiac-related synchronized cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in anesthetized cats. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. 1994; 47: 131-40.
    • (1994) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. , vol.47 , pp. 131-140
    • Hedman, A.E.1    Matsukawa, K.2    Ninomiya, I.3
  • 65
    • 0015592319 scopus 로고
    • The effect of baroreceptors on the latency of evoked responses in sympathetic nerve during the cardiac cycle
    • Fussey IF, Kidd C, Whitwam JG. The effect of baroreceptors on the latency of evoked responses in sympathetic nerve during the cardiac cycle. J. Physiol. 1973; 229: 601-16.
    • (1973) J. Physiol. , vol.229 , pp. 601-616
    • Fussey, I.F.1    Kidd, C.2    Whitwam, J.G.3
  • 66
    • 0028258843 scopus 로고
    • Functional organisation of central pathways regulating the cardiovascular system
    • Dampney RAL. Functional organisation of central pathways regulating the cardiovascular system. Physiol. Rev. 1994; 74: 323-64.
    • (1994) Physiol. Rev. , vol.74 , pp. 323-364
    • Dampney, R.A.L.1
  • 67
    • 0021235499 scopus 로고
    • GABA antagonists applied to the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata block the baroreceptor reflex
    • Yamada KA, McAllen RM, Loewy AD. GABA antagonists applied to the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata block the baroreceptor reflex. Brain Res. 1984; 297: 175-80.
    • (1984) Brain Res. , vol.297 , pp. 175-180
    • Yamada, K.A.1    McAllen, R.M.2    Loewy, A.D.3
  • 68
    • 0022309027 scopus 로고
    • GABA-mediated baroreceptor inhibition of reticulospinal neurons
    • Sun MK, Guyenet PG. GABA-mediated baroreceptor inhibition of reticulospinal neurons. Am. J. Physiol. 1985; 249: R672-80.
    • (1985) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.249
    • Sun, M.K.1    Guyenet, P.G.2
  • 69
    • 0028853488 scopus 로고
    • The spinal organisation of the baroreceptor reflex
    • Coote JH, Lewis DI. The spinal organisation of the baroreceptor reflex. Clin. Exp. Hypertens. 1995; 17: 295-311.
    • (1995) Clin. Exp. Hypertens. , vol.17 , pp. 295-311
    • Coote, J.H.1    Lewis, D.I.2
  • 70
    • 0030574003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal responses to increases in renal sympathetic nerve activity induced by brainstem stimulation in rabbits
    • Malpas SC, Head GA, Anderson WP. Renal responses to increases in renal sympathetic nerve activity induced by brainstem stimulation in rabbits. J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. 1996; 61: 70-8.
    • (1996) J. Auton. Nerv. Syst. , vol.61 , pp. 70-78
    • Malpas, S.C.1    Head, G.A.2    Anderson, W.P.3
  • 71
    • 0001427923 scopus 로고
    • Servoanalysis of carotid sinus reflex effects on peripheral resistance
    • Scher AM, Young AC. Servoanalysis of carotid sinus reflex effects on peripheral resistance. Circ. Res. 1963; 12: 152-62.
    • (1963) Circ. Res. , vol.12 , pp. 152-162
    • Scher, A.M.1    Young, A.C.2
  • 72
    • 73649175209 scopus 로고
    • A mathematical model of heart rate control by sympathetic and vagus efferent information
    • Warner HR, Cox A. A mathematical model of heart rate control by sympathetic and vagus efferent information. J. Appl Physiol. 1962; 17: 349-55.
    • (1962) J. Appl Physiol. , vol.17 , pp. 349-355
    • Warner, H.R.1    Cox, A.2
  • 73
    • 0026080099 scopus 로고
    • Neuroeffector characteristics of sweat glands in the human activated by regular neural stimuli
    • Kunimoto M, Kimo K, Elam M, Wallin BG. Neuroeffector characteristics of sweat glands in the human activated by regular neural stimuli. J. Physiol. 1991; 442: 391-411.
    • (1991) J. Physiol. , vol.442 , pp. 391-411
    • Kunimoto, M.1    Kimo, K.2    Elam, M.3    Wallin, B.G.4
  • 74
    • 0030776310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency dependent modulation of renal blood flow by renal nerve activity in conscious rabbits
    • in press
    • Janssen BJA, Malpas SC, Burke SL, Head GA. Frequency dependent modulation of renal blood flow by renal nerve activity in conscious rabbits. Am. J. Physiol. 1997 (in press).
    • (1997) Am. J. Physiol.
    • Janssen, B.J.A.1    Malpas, S.C.2    Burke, S.L.3    Head, G.A.4
  • 75
    • 0028277768 scopus 로고
    • Homeodynamics vs. homeostasis: Periodicities superimposed on non-linear dynamic sympathetic tone generated in ventral medulla
    • Trzebski A. Homeodynamics vs. homeostasis: Periodicities superimposed on non-linear dynamic sympathetic tone generated in ventral medulla. Acta Neurobiol Exp. 1994; 54: 109-25.
    • (1994) Acta Neurobiol Exp. , vol.54 , pp. 109-125
    • Trzebski, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.