Genetic screening: A comparative analysis of three recent reports

Journal of Medical Ethics

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 135-141

  Hoedemaekers, Rogeer ^a   Ten Have, Henk ^a   Chadwick, Ruth ^b,c  

^a RADBOUD UNIVERSITY NIJMEGEN   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL LANCASHIRE   (United Kingdom)

^c University of Central Lancashire ^*

Author keywords

Genetic counselling; Genetic screening; Prenatal diagnosis; Public health policy

Indexed keywords

GENETIC COUNSELING; GENETIC SCREENING; HEALTH INSURANCE; HUMAN; MEDICAL ETHICS; REVIEW; WORK;

EID: 0030857656     PISSN: 03066800     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/jme.23.3.135     Document Type: Review

References (70)

1. Nuffield Council on Boethics. Genetic screening: ethical issues. London: Nuffield Council on Bioethics, 1993.
2. Gillon R. Ethics of genetic screening: the first report of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics [editorial: a personal view]. Journal of Medical Ethics 1994; 20: 67-8, 92. Shapiro D. Debate: the ethics of genetic screening: the first report of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics: another personal view. Journal of Medical Ethics 1994; 20: 185-187. Uzych L. Genetic screening and ethics [letter]. Journal of Medical Ethics 1996; 2: 53-4.
3. Gillon R. Ethics of genetic screening: the first report of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics [editorial: a personal view]. Journal of Medical Ethics 1994; 20: 67-8, 92. Shapiro D. Debate: the ethics of genetic screening: the first report of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics: another personal view. Journal of Medical Ethics 1994; 20: 185-187. Uzych L. Genetic screening and ethics [letter]. Journal of Medical Ethics 1996; 2: 53-4.
4. Gillon R. Ethics of genetic screening: the first report of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics [editorial: a personal view]. Journal of Medical Ethics 1994; 20: 67-8, 92. Shapiro D. Debate: the ethics of genetic screening: the first report of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics: another personal view. Journal of Medical Ethics 1994; 20: 185-187. Uzych L. Genetic screening and ethics [letter]. Journal of Medical Ethics 1996; 2: 53-4.
5. Gezondheidsraad. Commissie screening erfelijke en aangeboren aandoeningen. Genetische screening. Den Haag: Gezondheidsraad, 1994; publikatie nr 1994/22. This publication has a 9-page summary in English (22-31).
6. Danish Council of Ethics. Ethics and mapping of the human genome. Copenhagen: Danish Council of Ethics, 1993.
7. EUROSCREEN I is a three-year multi-national project on genetic screening, funded under the European BIOMED programme, and focusing on ethical and philosophical perspectives of genetic screening. One objective is to review and analyse reports on genetic screening published in various European countries. A recent report published in the US by the Institute of Medicine: Andrews LB et al, eds. Assessing genetic risks: implications for health and social policy, Washington 1994, has not been included in this comparative analysis.
8. See reference 4: 53.
9. See reference 4: 63.
10. See reference 3: 49, 58, 66, 69, 75, 77, 79, 93, 96, 98, 103.
11. See reference 3: 69.
12. See reference 1: 5, 17.
13. See reference 1: 80.
14. See reference 1: 17.
15. See reference 3: 72, 79.
16. See reference 4: 52, 63.
17. See reference 3: 102.
18. Health Council of the Netherlands. Heredity: science and society. The Hague: Health Council of the Netherlands, 1989: 79-80.
19. See reference 4: 58.
20. See reference 1: 17, 18
21. See references 1:16-7; 3:76-7
22. See reference 1: 3, 5.
23. See reference 4: 52-4, 57.
24. See reference 3: 71, 73.
25. See reference 3: 36, 54, 71.
26. See reference 3: 36, 54, 55, 61, 68-9, 77, 103.
27. See reference 3: 53, 78.
28. See reference 3: 78.
29. See reference 3: 69, 98.
30. See reference 1:4.
31. See reference 4: 52, 53.
32. See reference 1: 69, 71, 72.
33. See reference 4: 79-82.
34. See reference 3: 75.
35. See reference 4: 66.
36. See reference 1: 37.
37. See reference 3: 35, 61.
38. See reference 16: 90-7.
39. See reference 4: 61-2.
40. See reference 1: 37, 42, 43.
41. See reference 1: 43.
42. See reference 4: 59.
43. See reference 1: 5, 23, 26.
44. See reference 3: 96.
45. See reference 3: 64.
46. See reference 3: 86.
47. The council refers to an earlier report: Danish Council of Ethics. Fetal diagnosis and ethics. Copenhagen: Danish Council of Ethics, 1991. This report is not considered here.
48. See reference 3: 37.
49. See reference 3: 96.
50. See reference 1: 77-9.
51. See reference 1: 77.
52. See reference 1: 80-81.
53. See reference 3: 69.
54. See reference 3: 61.
55. See reference 3: 62.
56. See reference 3: 63, 69.
57. See reference 3: 81.
58. See reference 1: 75-81.
59. See reference 1: 36.
60. See reference 4: 66.
61. See reference 3: 57, 59, 61, 63.
62. See reference 3: 65, 67-8, 72.
63. See reference 4: 50, 51, 64.
64. See reference 4: 80, 87.
65. See reference 3: 96.
66. See reference 1: 83-85.
67. See reference 3: 83-90, summarised in English on 28-9.
68. All three reports are silent on the issue of commercialisation of genetic screening and testing. This is remarkable as the first genetic tests have already been put on the market. It is expected that in the near future commercial genetic testing will be possible for many diseases with a genetic component. As this is a reason for concern it is being thoroughly examined as part of the Biomed EUROSCREEN II programme.
69. President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical Research. Screening and counselling for genetic conditions: the ethical, social and legal implications of genetic screening, counseling and education programs. Washington DC: US Government Printing Office, 1983: 53.
70. See reference 1: 81.