메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 57-66

Trading spaces: Computation, representation, and the limits of uninformed learning

Author keywords

Connectionism; Learning; Representation; Search; Statistics

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER MODEL; LEARNING; SHORT SURVEY;

EID: 0030854548     PISSN: 0140525X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X97000022     Document Type: Short Survey
Times cited : (118)

References (141)
  • 1
    • 38249004956 scopus 로고
    • The symbolic worldview: Reply to Vera and Simon
    • Agre, P. E. (1993) The symbolic worldview: Reply to Vera and Simon. Cognitive Science 17(1):61-69. [RSS]
    • (1993) Cognitive Science , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 61-69
    • Agre, P.E.1
  • 2
    • 0029409005 scopus 로고
    • Computation and embodied agency
    • Agre, P. E. (1995) Computation and embodied agency. Informatica 19(4):527-35. [RSS]
    • (1995) Informatica , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 527-535
    • Agre, P.E.1
  • 8
    • 0001160588 scopus 로고
    • What size net gives valid generalization?
    • Baum, E. B. & Haussler, D. (1989) What size net gives valid generalization? Neural Computation 1:151-60. [JAB]
    • (1989) Neural Computation , vol.1 , pp. 151-160
    • Baum, E.B.1    Haussler, D.2
  • 9
    • 0023572601 scopus 로고
    • Supervised learning of probability distributions by neural networks
    • ed. D. Z. Anderson. American Institute of Physics
    • Baum, E. B. & Wilczek, F. (1988) Supervised learning of probability distributions by neural networks. In: Neural information processing systems, ed. D. Z. Anderson. American Institute of Physics. [RID]
    • (1988) Neural Information Processing Systems
    • Baum, E.B.1    Wilczek, F.2
  • 12
  • 13
    • 0025957717 scopus 로고
    • Intelligence without representation
    • Brooks, R. (1991) Intelligence without representation. Artificial Intelligence 47:139-59. [RSS]
    • (1991) Artificial Intelligence , vol.47 , pp. 139-159
    • Brooks, R.1
  • 14
    • 1842408094 scopus 로고
    • Modeling reading, spelling and past tense learning with artificial neural networks
    • in press
    • Bullinaria, J. A. (1994) Modeling reading, spelling and past tense learning with artificial neural networks. Brain and Language (in press). [JAB]
    • (1994) Brain and Language
    • Bullinaria, J.A.1
  • 15
    • 0003035829 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary epistemology
    • ed. P. Schillp. Open Court
    • Campbell, D. (1974) Evolutionary epistemology. In: The philosophy of Karl Popper, ed. P. Schillp. Open Court. [aAC]
    • (1974) The Philosophy of Karl Popper
    • Campbell, D.1
  • 16
    • 0002431319 scopus 로고
    • Domain-specific knowledge and conceptual change
    • ed. L. A. Hirschfeld & S. A. Gelman. Cambridge University Press
    • Carey, S. & Spelke, E. (1994) Domain-specific knowledge and conceptual change. In: Mapping the mind: Domain specificity in cognition and culture, ed. L. A. Hirschfeld & S. A. Gelman. Cambridge University Press. [DL]
    • (1994) Mapping the Mind: Domain Specificity in Cognition and Culture
    • Carey, S.1    Spelke, E.2
  • 18
    • 0001265584 scopus 로고
    • Conceptual change within and across ontological categories
    • ed. R. N. Giere. University of Minnesota Press
    • Chi, M. T. H. (1992) Conceptual change within and across ontological categories. In: Cognitive models of science, ed. R. N. Giere. University of Minnesota Press. [DL]
    • (1992) Cognitive Models of Science
    • Chi, M.T.H.1
  • 19
    • 0001940973 scopus 로고
    • Review of Skinner's "Verbal behavior."
    • Chomsky, N. (1959) Review of Skinner's "Verbal behavior." Language 35:26-58. [SO]
    • (1959) Language , vol.35 , pp. 26-58
    • Chomsky, N.1
  • 20
    • 0002546145 scopus 로고
    • Introduction to the formal analysis of natural language
    • ed. R. D. Luce, R. R. Bush & E. Galanter. Academic Press
    • Chomsky, N. & Miller, G. (1963) Introduction to the formal analysis of natural language. In: Handbook of mathematical psychology vol. 2, ed. R. D. Luce, R. R. Bush & E. Galanter. Academic Press. [aAC]
    • (1963) Handbook of Mathematical Psychology , vol.2
    • Chomsky, N.1    Miller, G.2
  • 26
    • 84986734592 scopus 로고
    • The cognizer's innards: A psychological and philosophical perspective on the development of thought
    • Clark, A. & Karmiloff-Smith, A. (1993) The cognizer's innards: A psychological and philosophical perspective on the development of thought. Mind and Language 8:487-519. [aAC]
    • (1993) Mind and Language , vol.8 , pp. 487-519
    • Clark, A.1    Karmiloff-Smith, A.2
  • 27
    • 0010048674 scopus 로고
    • Doing without representing?
    • Clark, A. & Toribio, J. (1994) Doing without representing? Synthese 101:401-31. [RSS]
    • (1994) Synthese , vol.101 , pp. 401-431
    • Clark, A.1    Toribio, J.2
  • 28
    • 84889333753 scopus 로고
    • Increased complexity training
    • Proceeding: New trends in neural computation, ed. J. Mira, J. Cabestony, & A. Prieto. Springer-Verlag
    • Cloete, I. & Ludik, J. (1993) Increased complexity training. In: Proceeding: New trends in neural computation, ed. J. Mira, J. Cabestony, & A. Prieto. Lecture notes in computer science, no. 686. Springer-Verlag [NS]
    • (1993) Lecture Notes in Computer Science , vol.686
    • Cloete, I.1    Ludik, J.2
  • 29
    • 0003031133 scopus 로고
    • Modifying the generalized Delta Rule to train networks of nonmonotonic processors for pattern classification
    • Dawson, M. & Schopflocher, D. (1992) Modifying the generalized Delta Rule to train networks of nonmonotonic processors for pattern classification. Connection Science 4(1):19-31. [ISNB]
    • (1992) Connection Science , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-31
    • Dawson, M.1    Schopflocher, D.2
  • 31
    • 1842404488 scopus 로고
    • Labeling and Learning: Commentary on Clark and Karmiloff-Smith
    • (1994) Labeling and Learning: Commentary on Clark and Karmiloff-Smith. Mind and language 8:544-548. [aAC]
    • (1994) Mind and Language , vol.8 , pp. 544-548
  • 34
    • 0029352040 scopus 로고
    • Complex sensory-motor sequence learning based on recurrent state-representation and reinforcement learning
    • Dominey, P. F. (1995) Complex sensory-motor sequence learning based on recurrent state-representation and reinforcement learning. Biological Cybernetics 73:265-74. [PFD]
    • (1995) Biological Cybernetics , vol.73 , pp. 265-274
    • Dominey, P.F.1
  • 35
    • 0031214620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An anatomically structured sensory-motor sequence learning system displays some general linguistic capacities
    • in press
    • Dominey, P. F. (in press) An anatomically structured sensory-motor sequence learning system displays some general linguistic capacities. Brain and Language. [PFD]
    • Brain and Language
    • Dominey, P.F.1
  • 36
    • 0029143078 scopus 로고
    • A model of cortico-striatal plasticity for learning oculomotor associations and sequences
    • Dominey, P. F., Arbib, M. A. & Joseph, J. P. (1995) A model of cortico-striatal plasticity for learning oculomotor associations and sequences. Journal of Cognition and Neuroscience 7(3):311-36. [PFD]
    • (1995) Journal of Cognition and Neuroscience , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 311-336
    • Dominey, P.F.1    Arbib, M.A.2    Joseph, J.P.3
  • 38
    • 0031060643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analogical transfer is effective in a serial reaction time task in Parkinsons disease: Evidence for a dissociable sequence learning mechanism
    • in press
    • Dominey, P. F., Ventre-Dominey, J., Broussolle, E. & Jeannerod, M. (in press) Analogical transfer is effective in a serial reaction time task in Parkinsons disease: Evidence for a dissociable sequence learning mechanism. Neuropsychologia. [PFD]
    • Neuropsychologia
    • Dominey, P.F.1    Ventre-Dominey, J.2    Broussolle, E.3    Jeannerod, M.4
  • 40
    • 0027636611 scopus 로고
    • Learning and development in neural networks: The importance of starting small
    • Elman, J. (1993). Learning and development in neural networks: The importance of starting small. Cognition 48:71-99. [arAC, JAB, RID, MGG, GFM, DM, KH, NS, PS, TD]
    • (1993) Cognition , vol.48 , pp. 71-99
    • Elman, J.1
  • 45
  • 46
    • 0019015364 scopus 로고
    • Problem solving with diagrammatic representations
    • Funt, B. V. (1980) Problem solving with diagrammatic representations. Artificial Intelligence 13:210-30. [JO]
    • (1980) Artificial Intelligence , vol.13 , pp. 210-230
    • Funt, B.V.1
  • 47
    • 0000506979 scopus 로고
    • The acquisition of knowledge
    • Gagne, R. M. (1962) The acquisition of knowledge. Psychological Review 69:355-65. [SO]
    • (1962) Psychological Review , vol.69 , pp. 355-365
    • Gagne, R.M.1
  • 50
    • 0027686046 scopus 로고
    • The roles of similarity in transfer: Separating retrievability from inferential soundness
    • Gentner, D., Rattermann, M. J. & Forbus, K. D. (1993) The roles of similarity in transfer: Separating retrievability from inferential soundness. Cognitive Psychology 25:524-75. [DL]
    • (1993) Cognitive Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 524-575
    • Gentner, D.1    Rattermann, M.J.2    Forbus, K.D.3
  • 51
  • 52
    • 0003081266 scopus 로고
    • Schema induction and analogical transfer
    • (1983) Schema induction and analogical transfer. Cognitive Psychology 15:1-38. [NS]
    • (1983) Cognitive Psychology , vol.15 , pp. 1-38
  • 55
    • 0023740246 scopus 로고
    • A unified framework for connectionist systems
    • Golden, R. M. (1988) A unified framework for connectionist systems. Biological Cybernetics 59:109-20. [RMG]
    • (1988) Biological Cybernetics , vol.59 , pp. 109-120
    • Golden, R.M.1
  • 57
    • 0028488224 scopus 로고
    • The role of similarity in categorization: Providing a groundwork
    • Goldstone, R. L. (1994) The role of similarity in categorization: Providing a groundwork. Cognition 52:125-57. [KK]
    • (1994) Cognition , vol.52 , pp. 125-157
    • Goldstone, R.L.1
  • 59
    • 84989443764 scopus 로고
    • Analogical reasoning: What develops? A review of research and theory
    • Goswami, U. (1991) Analogical reasoning: What develops? A review of research and theory. Child Development 62:1-22. [DL]
    • (1991) Child Development , vol.62 , pp. 1-22
    • Goswami, U.1
  • 60
    • 84971721726 scopus 로고
    • Expose hidden assumptions in network theory
    • Haberlandt, K. F. (1990) Expose hidden assumptions in network theory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13:495-96. [KH]
    • (1990) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.13 , pp. 495-496
    • Haberlandt, K.F.1
  • 68
    • 0029069261 scopus 로고
    • Serial reaction time learning and Parkinsons disease: Evidence for a procedural learning deficit
    • Jackson, G. M., Jackson, S. R., Harrison, J., Henderson, L. & Kennard, C. (1995) Serial reaction time learning and Parkinsons disease: Evidence for a procedural learning deficit. Neuropsychologia 33(5):577-93. [PFD]
    • (1995) Neuropsychologia , vol.33 , Issue.5 , pp. 577-593
    • Jackson, G.M.1    Jackson, S.R.2    Harrison, J.3    Henderson, L.4    Kennard, C.5
  • 69
    • 0001683059 scopus 로고
    • Task decomposition through competition in a modular connectionist architecture: The what and where visual tasks
    • Jacobs, R., Jordan, M. & Barto, A. (1991a) Task decomposition through competition in a modular connectionist architecture: The what and where visual tasks. Cognitive Science 15:219-50. [aAC]
    • (1991) Cognitive Science , vol.15 , pp. 219-250
    • Jacobs, R.1    Jordan, M.2    Barto, A.3
  • 75
    • 84986870517 scopus 로고
    • What's special about the development of the human mind/brain?
    • Karmiloff-Smith, A. & Clark. A. (1993) What's special about the development of the human mind/brain? Mind and Language 8(4):569-81. [aAC]
    • (1993) Mind and Language , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 569-581
    • Karmiloff-Smith, A.1    Clark, A.2
  • 76
    • 0002454874 scopus 로고
    • The birth and nurturance of concepts by domains
    • ed. L. A. Hirschfeld & S. A. Gelman. Cambridge University Press
    • Keil, F. C. (1994) The birth and nurturance of concepts by domains. In: Mapping the mind: Domain specificity in cognition and culture, ed. L. A. Hirschfeld & S. A. Gelman. Cambridge University Press. [DL]
    • (1994) Mapping the Mind: Domain Specificity in Cognition and Culture
    • Keil, F.C.1
  • 77
    • 0023991239 scopus 로고
    • The use of knowledge in discourse processing: A construction-integration model
    • Kintsch, W. (1988) The use of knowledge in discourse processing: A construction-integration model. Psychological Review 95:163-82. [KH]
    • (1988) Psychological Review , vol.95 , pp. 163-182
    • Kintsch, W.1
  • 78
    • 0005011198 scopus 로고
    • When is information explicitly represented?
    • ed. P. Hanson. UBC Press
    • Kirsh, D. (1991) When is information explicitly represented? In: Information, thought and content, ed. P. Hanson. UBC Press. [aAC]
    • (1991) Information, Thought and Content
    • Kirsh, D.1
  • 79
    • 0007881803 scopus 로고
    • The intelligent use of space
    • Kirsh, D. (1995) The intelligent use of space. Artificial Intelligence 72:1-52. [aAC]
    • (1995) Artificial Intelligence , vol.72 , pp. 1-52
    • Kirsh, D.1
  • 80
    • 0000128591 scopus 로고
    • On distinguishing epistemic from pragmatic action
    • Kirsh, D. & Maglio, P. (1994) On distinguishing epistemic from pragmatic action. Cognitive Science 18:513-19. [aAC]
    • (1994) Cognitive Science , vol.18 , pp. 513-519
    • Kirsh, D.1    Maglio, P.2
  • 81
    • 0000029122 scopus 로고
    • A simple weight decay can improve generalization
    • ed. J. E. Moody, S. J. Hanson & R. P. Lippman. Morgan Kauffman
    • Krogh, A. & Hertz, J. A. (1992) A simple weight decay can improve generalization. In: Advances in neural information processing systems, ed. J. E. Moody, S. J. Hanson & R. P. Lippman. Morgan Kauffman. [JAB]
    • (1992) Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems
    • Krogh, A.1    Hertz, J.A.2
  • 83
    • 0242592090 scopus 로고
    • Why a diagram is (sometimes) worth ten thousand words
    • Larkin, J. H. & Simon, H. A. (1987) Why a diagram is (sometimes) worth ten thousand words. Cognitive Science 11:65-100. [JO]
    • (1987) Cognitive Science , vol.11 , pp. 65-100
    • Larkin, J.H.1    Simon, H.A.2
  • 85
    • 0041879048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computational emergence and developmental emergence: A sobering survey
    • Leiser, D. (1.996) Computational emergence and developmental emergence: A sobering survey. Intellectica 22:203-220. [DM]
    • (1996) Intellectica , vol.22 , pp. 203-220
    • Leiser, D.1
  • 86
    • 0023775163 scopus 로고
    • Acquisition of procedural knowledge about a pattern of stimuli that can not be articulated
    • Lewicki, P., Hill, T. & Bizot, E. (1988) Acquisition of procedural knowledge about a pattern of stimuli that can not be articulated. Cognitive Psychology 20:24-37. [AV]
    • (1988) Cognitive Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 24-37
    • Lewicki, P.1    Hill, T.2    Bizot, E.3
  • 87
    • 0024060490 scopus 로고
    • Images and inference
    • Lindsay, R. K. (1988) Images and inference. Cognition 29:229-50. [JO]
    • (1988) Cognition , vol.29 , pp. 229-250
    • Lindsay, R.K.1
  • 88
    • 0001025418 scopus 로고
    • Bayesian interpolation
    • MacKay, D. J. C. (1992a) Bayesian interpolation. Neural Computation 4:415-47. [JAB]
    • (1992) Neural Computation , vol.4 , pp. 415-447
    • MacKay, D.J.C.1
  • 89
    • 0002704818 scopus 로고
    • A practical Bayesian framework for backpropagation networks
    • (1992b) A practical Bayesian framework for backpropagation networks. Neural Computation 4:448-72. [NC]
    • (1992) Neural Computation , vol.4 , pp. 448-472
  • 93
    • 0003834557 scopus 로고
    • Freeman
    • Marr, D. (1982) Vision. Freeman. [aAC]
    • (1982) Vision
    • Marr, D.1
  • 95
    • 39749093168 scopus 로고
    • The magic number seven plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information
    • Miller, G. A. (1956) The magic number seven plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review 63:81-93. [SO, KH]
    • (1956) Psychological Review , vol.63 , pp. 81-93
    • Miller, G.A.1
  • 97
    • 0022100714 scopus 로고
    • The role of theories in conceptual coherence
    • Murphy, G. L. & Medin, D. L. (1985) The role of theories in conceptual coherence. Psychological Review 92:289-316. [KK]
    • (1985) Psychological Review , vol.92 , pp. 289-316
    • Murphy, G.L.1    Medin, D.L.2
  • 98
    • 0009445756 scopus 로고
    • Maturational constraints on language learning
    • Newport, E. (1990) Maturational constraints on language learning. Cognitive Science 14:11-28. [arAC, TD]
    • (1990) Cognitive Science , vol.14 , pp. 11-28
    • Newport, E.1
  • 99
    • 0003109533 scopus 로고
    • Attentional requirements of learning: Evidence from performance measures
    • Nissen, M. J. & Bullemer, P (1987) Attentional requirements of learning: Evidence from performance measures. Cognition Psychology 19:1-32. [PFD]
    • (1987) Cognition Psychology , vol.19 , pp. 1-32
    • Nissen, M.J.1    Bullemer, P.2
  • 100
    • 0001765492 scopus 로고
    • Simplifying neural networks by soft weight sharing
    • Nowlan, S. N. & Hinton, G. E. (1992) Simplifying neural networks by soft weight sharing. Neural Computation 4:473-93. [JAB]
    • (1992) Neural Computation , vol.4 , pp. 473-493
    • Nowlan, S.N.1    Hinton, G.E.2
  • 101
    • 1542577265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning from performance errors
    • Ohlsson, S. (1996) Learning from performance errors. Psychological Review 2-241-62. [SO]
    • (1996) Psychological Review , vol.2 , pp. 241-262
    • Ohlsson, S.1
  • 102
    • 0001503558 scopus 로고
    • The function of conceptual understanding in the learning of arithmetic procedures
    • Ohlsson, S. & Rees, E. (1991) The function of conceptual understanding in the learning of arithmetic procedures. Cognition and Instruction 8:103-79. [SO]
    • (1991) Cognition and Instruction , vol.8 , pp. 103-179
    • Ohlsson, S.1    Rees, E.2
  • 103
    • 0038140739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A subjective unit formation account ot implicit learning
    • in press ed. D. Berry. Oxford University Press
    • Perruchet, F. & Gallego, J. (in press) A subjective unit formation account ot implicit learning. In: How implicit is implicit learning? ed. D. Berry. Oxford University Press. [AV]
    • How Implicit Is Implicit Learning?
    • Perruchet, F.1    Gallego, J.2
  • 104
    • 1842313605 scopus 로고
    • A critical reappraisal of the evidence for unconscious abstraction of deterministic rules in complex experimental situations
    • Perruchet, P. Gallego, J. & Savy, I. (1990) A critical reappraisal of the evidence for unconscious abstraction of deterministic rules in complex experimental situations. Cognitive Psychology 22:493-516. [AV]
    • (1990) Cognitive Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 493-516
    • Perruchet, P.1    Gallego, J.2    Savy, I.3
  • 108
    • 33744584654 scopus 로고
    • Induction of decision trees
    • Quinlan, J. (1986) Induction of decision trees. Machine Learning 1:81-106. [aAC]
    • (1986) Machine Learning , vol.1 , pp. 81-106
    • Quinlan, J.1
  • 111
    • 12044255054 scopus 로고
    • The role of content and abstract information in analogical transfer
    • Reeves, L. M. & Weisbert, R. W. (1994) The role of content and abstract information in analogical transfer. Psychological Bulletin 115:381-400. [DL]
    • (1994) Psychological Bulletin , vol.115 , pp. 381-400
    • Reeves, L.M.1    Weisbert, R.W.2
  • 113
    • 0002109138 scopus 로고
    • A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: The effectiveness of reinforcement and nonreinforcement
    • ed. A. H. Black & W. F. Prokasy. Appleton-Century-Crofts
    • Rescorla, R. A. & Wagner, A. R. (1972) A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: The effectiveness of reinforcement and nonreinforcement. In: Classical conditioning 2: Current research and theory, ed. A. H. Black & W. F. Prokasy. Appleton-Century-Crofts. 64-69. [RID]
    • (1972) Classical Conditioning 2: Current Research and Theory , pp. 64-69
    • Rescorla, R.A.1    Wagner, A.R.2
  • 114
    • 0001595997 scopus 로고
    • Neural network classifiers estimate Bavesian a posteriori probabilities
    • Richard, M. E. & Lippman, R. P. (1991) Neural network classifiers estimate Bavesian a posteriori probabilities. Neural Computation 3:461-83. [NC]
    • (1991) Neural Computation , vol.3 , pp. 461-483
    • Richard, M.E.1    Lippman, R.P.2
  • 115
    • 0000609055 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of intelligence and access to the cognitive unconscious
    • ed. J. Sprague & A. Epstein. Academic Press
    • Rozin, P. (1976) The evolution of intelligence and access to the cognitive unconscious. In: Progress in psychobiology and physiological psychology, ed. J. Sprague & A. Epstein. Academic Press. 245-80. [AW]
    • (1976) Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology , pp. 245-280
    • Rozin, P.1
  • 116
    • 84989420286 scopus 로고
    • Elemental and configural associations, the hippocampus and development
    • Rudy, J. W. (1991) Elemental and configural associations, the hippocampus and development. Developmental Psychobiology 24(4):221-36. [GSH]
    • (1991) Developmental Psychobiology , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 221-236
    • Rudy, J.W.1
  • 117
    • 0002530434 scopus 로고
    • Backpropagation: The basic theory
    • ed D. E. Rumelhart & Y. Chauvin. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Bradford Books
    • Rumelhart, D. E., Durbin, R., Golden, R. & Chauvin, Y. (1995) Backpropagation: The basic theory. In: Backpropagation, ed D. E. Rumelhart & Y. Chauvin. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Bradford Books. [KK]
    • (1995) Backpropagation
    • Rumelhart, D.E.1    Durbin, R.2    Golden, R.3    Chauvin, Y.4
  • 118
    • 0022471098 scopus 로고
    • Learning representations by backpropagating errors
    • Rumelhart, D. E., Hinton, C. & Williams, R. (1986) Learning representations by backpropagating errors. Nature 323:533-36. [aAC, ISNB, KH, KK]
    • (1986) Nature , vol.323 , pp. 533-536
    • Rumelhart, D.E.1    Hinton, C.2    Williams, R.3
  • 120
    • 0002815174 scopus 로고
    • Is the brain a digital computer?
    • Searle, J. R. (1990) Is the brain a digital computer? APA Proceeding 64(3):21-37. [RSS]
    • (1990) APA Proceeding , vol.64 , Issue.3 , pp. 21-37
    • Searle, J.R.1
  • 121
    • 0000383868 scopus 로고
    • Parallel networks that learn to pronounce English text
    • Sejnowski, T. & Rosenberg, C. (1987) Parallel networks that learn to pronounce English text. Complex Systems 1:145-68. [aAC]
    • (1987) Complex Systems , vol.1 , pp. 145-168
    • Sejnowski, T.1    Rosenberg, C.2
  • 123
    • 0002750297 scopus 로고
    • A cognitive theory of graphical and linguistic reasoning: Logic and implementation
    • Stenning, K. & Oberlander, J. (1995) A cognitive theory of graphical and linguistic reasoning: Logic and implementation. CognitiveScience 19:97-140. [JO]
    • (1995) CognitiveScience , vol.19 , pp. 97-140
    • Stenning, K.1    Oberlander, J.2
  • 124
    • 0029404996 scopus 로고
    • Representations, explanation, and PDP: Is representation talk really necessary?
    • Stufflebeam, R. S. (1995) Representations, explanation, and PDP: Is representation talk really necessary? Informatica 19(4):599-613. [RSS]
    • (1995) Informatica , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 599-613
    • Stufflebeam, R.S.1
  • 127
    • 0019537951 scopus 로고
    • Towards a modern theory of adaptive networks: Expectation and prediction
    • Sutton, R. S. & Barto, A. G. (1981) Towards a modern theory of adaptive networks: Expectation and prediction. Psychological Review 88:135-70. [RID]
    • (1981) Psychological Review , vol.88 , pp. 135-170
    • Sutton, R.S.1    Barto, A.G.2
  • 133
    • 0030639211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language-naive chimpanzees (pan troglodytes) judge relations between relations in a conceptual matching-to-sample task
    • in press
    • Thompson, R., Oden, D. & Boyson, S. (in press) Language-naive chimpanzees (pan troglodytes) judge relations between relations in a conceptual matching-to-sample task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes. [rAC]
    • Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes
    • Thompson, R.1    Oden, D.2    Boyson, S.3
  • 135
    • 0021518106 scopus 로고
    • A theory of the learnable
    • Valiant, L. G. (1984) A theory of the learnable. Communications of the ACM 27:1134-42. [NC]
    • (1984) Communications of the ACM , vol.27 , pp. 1134-1142
    • Valiant, L.G.1
  • 136
    • 0000624328 scopus 로고
    • What might cognition be if not computation?
    • Van Gelder, T. (1995) What might cognition be if not computation? Journal of Philosophy 92(7):345-81. [RSS]
    • (1995) Journal of Philosophy , vol.92 , Issue.7 , pp. 345-381
    • Van Gelder, T.1
  • 137
    • 84974126646 scopus 로고
    • Is there an implicit level of representation?
    • Vinter, A. & Perruchet, P. (1994) Is there an implicit level of representation? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 17:730-31. [AV]
    • (1994) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.17 , pp. 730-731
    • Vinter, A.1    Perruchet, P.2
  • 138
    • 34147191476 scopus 로고
    • Theories of knowledge restructuring in development
    • Vosniadou, S. & Brewer, W. F. (1987) Theories of knowledge restructuring in development. Review of Educational Research 57:51-6-. [DL]
    • (1987) Review of Educational Research , vol.57 , pp. 51-56
    • Vosniadou, S.1    Brewer, W.F.2
  • 139
    • 0012195187 scopus 로고
    • Some asymptotic results for learning in single hidden-layer feedforward network models
    • White, H. (1989) Some asymptotic results for learning in single hidden-layer feedforward network models. Journal of the American Statistical Association 84:1003-13. [RMG]
    • (1989) Journal of the American Statistical Association , vol.84 , pp. 1003-1013
    • White, H.1
  • 140
    • 21344480559 scopus 로고
    • Linking symbolic and subsymbolic computing
    • Wilson, A. & Hendler, J. (1993) Linking symbolic and subsymbolic computing. Connection Science 5:3-4. [DM]
    • (1993) Connection Science , vol.5 , pp. 3-4
    • Wilson, A.1    Hendler, J.2
  • 141
    • 0001237155 scopus 로고
    • On the interaction of theory and data in concept learning
    • Wisniewski, E. J. & Medin, D. L. (1994) On the interaction of theory and data in concept learning. Cognitive Science 18:221-81. [KK]
    • (1994) Cognitive Science , vol.18 , pp. 221-281
    • Wisniewski, E.J.1    Medin, D.L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.