Participation of the medial and anterior hypothalamus in the modulation of tonic immobility in guinea pigs

Physiology and Behavior

Volumn 62, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 1171-1178

  De Oliveira, Leticia ^a   Hoffmann, Anette ^a   Menescal De Oliveira, Leda ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Cholinergic system; Defensive behavior; Guinea pig; Hypothalamus; Tonic immobility

Indexed keywords

ATROPINE; CARBACHOL;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANTERIOR HYPOTHALAMUS; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR; CHOLINERGIC STIMULATION; CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM; CONTROLLED STUDY; GUINEA PIG; MALE; MODULATION; NONHUMAN; PERIAQUEDUCTAL GRAY MATTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TONIC IMMOBILITY;

EID: 0030850291     PISSN: 00319384     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0031-9384(97)00351-X     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Abrahams, V. C.; Hilton, S. M.; Zbrozyna, A. Active muscle vasodilation produced by stimulation of the brain stem: its significance in the defense reaction. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 154:491-513; 1960.
2. Adams, D. B.; Boudreau, W.; Cowan, C. W.; Kokonowski, C.; Oberteuffer, K.; Yohay, K. Offense produced by chemical stimulation of the anterior hypothalamic of the rat. Physiol. Behav. 53:1127-1132; 1993.
3. 2-adrenoceptores. Brain Res. 525:285-293; 1990.
4. Barret, J. A.; Shaikh, M. B.; Edinger, H.; Siegel, A. The effects of intrahypothalamic injections of norepinephrine upon affective defense behavior in the cat. Brain Res. 426:381-384; 1987.
5. Beckman, A. L.; Carlisle, H. J. Effects of intrahypothalamic infusion of acetylcholine on behavioral and physiological thermoregulation in the rat. Nature 221:561-563; 1969.
6. Brandão, M. L.; Discala, G.; Bouchet, M. J.; Schmitt, P. Escape behavior produced by blockade of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in mesencephalic central gray or medial hypothalamus. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 24:497-501; 1986.
7. Brudzynski, S. M.; Eckersdorf, B. Inhibition of locomotor activity during cholinergically-induced emotional-aversive response in the cat. Behav. Brain Res. 14:247-253; 1984.
8. Brudzynski, S. M.; Kielczykowska, E.; Romaniuk, A. The effects of external stimuli on the emotional-aversive response evoked by intrahypothalamic carbachol injections. Behav. Brain Res. 4:33-43; 1982.
9. Brudzynski, S. M., Mogenson, G. Decrease of locomotor activity by injections of carbachol into the anterior hypothalamic/preoptic area of the rat. Brain Res. 376:38-46; 1986.
10. Brudzynski, S. M.; Mogenson, G. Inhibition of amphetamine-induced locomotor activity by injection of carbachol into the anterior hypothalamic/preoptic area: Pharmacological and electrophysiological studies in the rat. Brain Res. 376:47-56; 1986.
11. Canteras; N. S.; Simerly, R. B.; Swanson, L. W. Organization of projections from the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus: a Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin study in the rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 348:41-79; 1994.
12. Carli, G. Sub-cortical mechanisms of rabbit hypnosis. Arch. Ital. Biol. 109:15-26; 1971.
13. Carlton, P. L. Cholinergic mechanisms in control of behavior. In: Efron, D. H., ed. Psychopharmacology: A review of progress 1957-1967. vol. 836. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office Public Health Service Publication, 1968:125-135.
14. Carlton, P.L. Brain-acetylcholine and inhibition. In: Tapp, J.T., ed. Reinforcement and behavior. New York: Academic Press; 1969:238-287.
15. Evans, M. H. Potentiation of a cardioinhibitory reflex by hypothalamus stimulation in the rabbit. Brain Res. 154:331-343; 1978.
16. Folkow, B.; Rubistein, E.H. Cardiovascular effects of acute and chronic stimulations of the hypothalamic defense area in rat. Acta Physiol. Scand. 68:48-57; 1966.
17. Franchi-e-Vasconcelos, C. R; Hoffmann, A. Involvement of the cholinergic system and the basal midbrain in the organization of tonic immobility in the toad Bufo paracnemis. Physiol. Behav. 55:831-837; 1994.
18. Fuchs, S. A.; Edinger, H. M.; Siegel, A. The role of the anterior hypothalamus in affective defense behavior elicited from the ventromedial hypothalamus of the cat. Brain Res. 330:93-107; 1985.
19. Gallup, G. G., Jr. Animal hypnosis: factual states of a fictional concept. Psychol. Bull. 81:836-853; 1974.
20. Gallup, G. G., Jr.; Suarez, S. D. An ethological analysis of open-field behaviour in chickens. Anim. Behav. 28:368-378; 1980.
21. Gentle, M. J.; Jones, R. B.; Woolley, S. C. Physiological changes during tonic immobility in Gallus var gallus domesticus. Physiol. Behav. 46:843-847; 1989.
22. Graeff, F. G. Brain defense systems and anxiety. In: Roth, M.; Burrows, G. D.; Noyes, R. eds. Handbook of anxiety, vol. 3. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1990:307-354.
23. Herman, Z. S.; Kmieciak-Kolada, K.; Slomiska-Zurek, J.; Szkilnik, R. Central effects of acetylcholine. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) 27:223-232; 1972.
24. Hess, W. R. The functional organization of the diencephalon. New York: Grune and Stratton; 1957.
25. Hess, W. S.; Brugger, M. Das subkortikale Zentrum der affektiven Abwehrreaction. Helv. Physiol. Pharmacol. Acta 1:33-54; 1943.
26. Hoagland, H. On the mechanism of tonic immobility in vertebrates. J. Gen. Physiol. 11:715-741; 1928.
27. Hoffmann, A.; Menescal-de-Oliveira, L. Electrical activity of toad telencephalon during tonic immobility (animal hypnosis). Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 21:141-145; 1988.
28. Hoffmann, A.; Menescal-de-Oliveira, L. Functional characteristics (EEG) of the thalamo telencephalic projections of toads. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 22:1515-1518; 1989.
29. Inglefield, J. R.; Kellogg, C. Hypothalamic GABAa receptor blockade modulates cerebral cortical system sensitive to acute stressors. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) 116:339-345; 1994.
30. Inglefield, J. R.; Schwarzkopf, S. B.; Kellogg, C. Alterations in behavioral responses following excitotoxin lesions of dorsomedial hypothalamic regions. Brain Res. 633:151-161; 1994.
31. Katayama, Y.; Watkins L. R.; Becker, D. P.; Hayves, R. L. Nonopiate analgesia induced by carbachol into the pontine parabrachial region of the cat. Brain Res. 296:263-283; 1984.
32. Klemm, W. R. Neurophysiologic studies of the immobility reflex ("animal hypnosis"). In: Ehrenpreis, S.; Solnitzky, O. C., eds. Neurosciences research, vol. 4. New York: Academic Press; 1971:165-212.
33. Klemm, W. R. Identity of sensory and motor system that are the critical to the immobility reflex (animal hypnosis). J. Neurosci. Res. 2:57-69; 1976.
34. Lammers, J. H. C. M.; Kruk, M. R.; Meelis, W.; Van der Poel, A. M. Hypothalamic substrates for brain stimulation-induced attack, teeth-chattering and social grooming in the rat. Brain Res. 449:311-327; 1988.
35. Markgraf, C. G.; Winters, R. W.; Liskowisy, D. R.; McCabe, P. M.; Green, E. J.; Schneiderman, N. Hypothalamic, midbrain and bulbar areas involved in the defense reaction in rabbits. Physiol. Behav. 49:493-500; 1991.
36. Martin, J. R. Motivated behaviors elicited from hypothalamus, mid-brain, and pons of the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 90:1011-1034; 1976.
37. McCabe, P. M.; Duan, Y-F.; Winters, R. W.; Grenn, E. J.; Huang, Y.; Schneiderman, N. Comparison of peripheral blood flow patterns associated with the defense reaction and the vigilance reaction in rabbits. Physiol. Behav. 56:1101-1106; 1994.
38. McGinty, D. J.; Sterman, M. B. Sleep supression after basal forebrain lesions in the cat. Science 160:1253-1255; 1968.
39. McGraw, C. P.; Klemm, W. R. Mechanism of the immobility reflex ("animal hypnosis"). III. Neocortical inhibition in rats. Commun. Behav. Biol. 3:53-59, 1969.
40. Menescal-de-Oliveira; Hoffmann, A. The parabraquial region as a possible substrate shared by the system that modulate pain and tonic immobility. Behav. Brain Res. 56:127-132; 1993.
41. Milani, H; Graeff, F. G. GABA-benzodiazepine modulation of aversion in the medial hypothalamus of the rat. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 28:21-27; 1987.
42. Monassi, C. R.; Hoffmann, A.; Menescal-de-Oliveira, L. Involvement of the cholinergic system and periaqueductal gray in the modulation of tonic immobility in guinea pig. Physiol. Behav. 62:53-59; 1997.
43. Osborne, P. G.; Mataga, N.; Onoe, H.; Watanabe, Y. Behavioral activation by stimulation of a GABAergic mechanism in the preoptic area of rat. Neurosci. Lett. 158:201-204; 1993.
44. Panksepp, J. Aggression elicited by electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus in albino rats. Physiol. Behav. 6:321-329; 1971.
45. Pavlov, I. P. Selected works. Moscow: Foreign Language Publishing House; 1955.
46. Ratner, C. S. Comparative aspects of hypnosis. In: Gordon, J. E., ed. Handbook of clinical and experimental hypnosis. New York: Macmillan; 1967:550-587.
47. Roberson, W. W.; Robinson, T. C. L. Relaxation and sleep induced by warming of preoptic region and anterior hypothalamic in cats. Exp. Neurol. 25:282-294; 1969.
48. Roeling, T. A. P.; Kruk, M. R.; Schurmans, R.; Veening, J. G. Behavioural response of the bicucculine methiodide injections into the ventral hypothalamus of freely moving, socially interacting rats. Brain Res. 615:121-127; 1993.
49. Roeling, T. A. P.; Veening, J. G.; Kruk, M. R.; Peters, J. P. W.; Vermelis, M. E. J.; Nieuwenhuys, R. Efferent connections of the hypothalamic "aggression area" in the rat. Neuroscience 59:1001-1024; 1994.
50. Rössner, W. Stereotaktischer Hirnatlas vom Meerschweinchen. Munich: Pallas Verlag; 1965.
51. Sandner, G.; Oberling, P.; Silveira, M. C.; Di Scala, G.; Rocha, B.; Bagri, A.; Depoortere, R. What brain structures are active during emotions? Effects of brain stimulation elicited aversion on c-fos immunoreactivity and behavior. Behav. Brain Res. 58:9-18; 1993.
52. Schenberg, L. C.; Costa, M. B.; Borges, P. C. L.; Castro, M. F. S. Logistic analysis of the defense reaction induced by electrical stimulation of the rat mesencephalic tectum. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 14:473-479; 1990.
53. Schmitt, P.; Di Scala, G.; Brandão, M. L.; Karli, P. Behavioral effects of microinjections of SR 95103, a new GABA-A antagonist, into the medial hypothalamus or the mesencephalic central gray. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 117:149-158; 1985.
54. Shaikh, M. B.; Barret, J. A.; Siegel, A. The pathways mediating affective defense and quiet biting attack behavior from the midbrain central gray of the cat: An autoradiographic study. Brain Res. 437:9-25; 1987.
55. Shekhar, A.; Sims, L. S.; Bowsher, R. R. GABA receptors in the region of the rats regulate anxiety in the elevated plus-maze test. II. Physiological measures. Brain Res. 627:17-24; 1993.
56. Shekhar, A. Effects of treatment with imipramine and clonazepam on an animal model of panic disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 36:748-758; 1994.
57. Shekhar, A.; Katner, J. S.; Rusche, W. P.; Sajdyk, T. J.; Simon, J. R. Fear-potentiated startle elevates catecholamine levels in the dorsomedial hypothalamus of the rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 48:525-529; 1994.
58. Siegel, A.; Edinger, H. M. Role of the limbic system in the hypothalamically elicited attack behavior. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 7:395-407; 1983.
59. Silveira, M. C.; Graeff, F. G. Defense reaction elicited by microinjection of kainic acid into the medial hypothalamus of the rat. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 21:569-571; 1988.
60. Silveira, M. C.; Graeff, F. G. Defense reaction elicited by microinjection of kainic acid into the medial hypothalamus of the rat: antagonism by a GABAa receptor agonist. Behav. Neural. Biol. 57:226-232; 1992.
61. Silveira, M. C.; Sandner, G.; Di Scala, G.; Graeff, F. G. C-fos immunoreactivity in the brain following electrical or chemical stimulation of the medial hypothalamus of freely moving rats. Brain Res. 674:265-274; 1995.
62. Smith, D.; Flynn, J. P. Afferent projections to quiet attack sites in cat hypothalamus. Brain Res. 194:29-40; 1980.
63. Stokman, C. J. L.; Glusman, M. Directional interaction of midbrain and hypothalamus in the control of carbachol-induced aggression. Aggress. Behav. 7:131-144; 1981.
64. Svorad, D. "Animal hypnosis" (toltstell reflex) as experimental model for psychiatry. Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry 77:533-539; 1957.
65. Thompson, R. K. R.; Foltin, R. W.; Boylan, R. J.; Sweet, A.; Graves, C. A.; Lowitz, C. E. Tonic immobility in Japanese quail can reduced the probability of sustained attack by cats. Anim. Learn. Behav. 9:145-149; 1981.
66. Valenstein, E. S.; Cox, V. C.; Kakolewski, J. W. Modification of motivated behavior elicited by electrical estimulation of hypothalamus. Science 159:1119-1121; 1968.
67. Winters, R. W.; McCabe, P. M.; Green, E. J.; Duan, Y.-F.; Schineiderman, N. Electrophysiological evidence for hypothalamic defense area input to cells in the lateral tegmental field of the medulla of rabbits. Brain Res. 558:171-175; 1991.