The role and clinical significance of subsyndromal depressive symptoms (SSD) in unipolar major depressive disorder

Journal of Affective Disorders

Volumn 45, Issue 1-2, 1997, Pages 5-18

  Judd, Lewis L ^a   Akiskal, Hagop S ^a,b   Paulus, Martin P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b VA SAN DIEGO HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SELF REPORT; UNITED STATES;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEPRESSION; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DISEASE PROGRESSION; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEYS; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; ODDS RATIO; PREVALENCE; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SAMPLING STUDIES; SEX DISTRIBUTION; TERMINOLOGY; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0030849675     PISSN: 01650327     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-0327(97)00055-4     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Akiskal, H.S., Rosenthal, T.L., Haykal, R.F., Lemmi, H., Rosenthal, R.H., Scott-Strauss, A., 1980. Characterologic depressions: clinical and EEG findings separating 'subaffective dysthymias' from 'character-spectrum' disorders. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 37, 777-783.
2. Angst, J., 1986. The course of affective disorders. Psychopathology 19(Suppl. 2), 47-52.
3. Broadhead, W.E., Blazer, D.G., George, L.K., Tse, L.K., 1990. Depression, disability days and days lost from work in a prospective epidemiologic survey. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 264, 2524-2528.
4. Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 1980.
5. Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 1994.
6. W. Eaton, L. Kessler (Eds.), Epidemiologic Field Methods in Psychiatry: The NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program. Academic Press, Orlando, FL, 1985.
7. Eaton, W., Holzer, III C., VonKorff, M., Anthony, J.C., Helzer, J.E., George, L., Burr, A., Boyd, J.H., Kessler, L.G., Locke, B.Z., 1984. The design of the ECA surveys: the control and measurement of error. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 41, 942-948.
8. Howarth, E., Johnson, J., Klerman, G.L. et al., 1992. Depressive symptoms as relative and attributable risk factors for first-onset major depression. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 49, 817-823.
9. Johnson, J., Weissman, M.M., Klerman, G.L., 1992. Service utilization and social morbidity associated with depressive symptoms in the community. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 267, 1478-1483.
10. L.L. Judd, Clinical characteristics of subsyndromal symptomatic depression in SSD. in: S.Z. Langer, N. Brunello, G. Racagni, J. Mendlewicz (Eds.), Academy Book, Vol. 9, Critical Issues in the Treatment of Affective Disorders, Int. Acad. Biomed. Drug Res., Karger; Basel, 1994, pp. 67-74.
11. Judd, L.L., Rapaport, M.H., Paulus, M.P., 1994. Subsyndromal symptomatic depression (SSD): a new mood disorder?. J. Clin. Psychiatry. 55(4), 18S-28S.
12. L.L. Judd, M.P. Paulus, K.B. Wells, M.H. Rapaport, Socio-economic burden of subsyndromal symptomatic depression and major depression in a sample of the general population, Am. J. Psychiatry, in press.
13. Keller, M.B., Shapiro, R.W., Lavori, P.W. et al., 1982. Relapse in major depressive disorder: analysis with the life table. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 39, 911-915.
14. Keller, M.B., Lavori, P.W., Endicott, J. et al., 1983. Double depression: two year follow-up. Am. J. Psychiatry 140, 689-694.
15. Keller, M.B., Lerman, G.L., Lavori, P.W., Coryell, W., Endicott, J., Taylor, J., 1984. Long term outcome of episodes of major depression: clinical and public health significance. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 252, 788-792.
16. Kendler, K.S., Neal, M.C., Kessler, R.C., 1992. A population-based twin study of major depression in women: the impact of varying definitions of illness. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 49, 257-266.
17. Regier, D.A., Myers, J.K., Kramer, M., Robins, L.N., Blazer, D.G., Hough, R.L., Eaton, W.W., Locke, B.Z., 1984. The NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Program: historical context, major objectives and study population characteristics. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 41, 934-941.
18. Regier, D.A., Narrow, W.E., Ral, D.S., 1994. One year prevalence of mental disorders in the United States. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 45, 977-986.
19. Robins, L.N., Helzer, J., Croughan, J., Ratcliff, K.S. (1981a) NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule, Version III (May 1981), National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, MD.
20. Robins, L.N., Helzer, J., Croughan, J., Ratcliff, K.S., 1981. National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule: its history, characteristics and validity. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 38, 381-389.
21. Sherbourne, C.D., Wells, K.B., Hays, R.D., Rogers, W., Burnam, M.A., Judd, L.L., 1994. Subthreshold depression and depressive disorder: clinical characteristics of general medical and mental health specialty outpatients. Am. J. Psychiatry 151, 1777-1784.
22. Spitzer, R.L., Kroenke, K., Linzer, M., Hohn, S.,Williams, J.B.W., Frank, V.deG., Brody, D., Davies, M.S., 1995. Health related quality of life in primary care patients with mental disorders. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 274(19), 1511-1517.
23. Wakefield, J.C., 1992. Disorder as harmful dysfunction: a conceptual critique of DSM-III-R's definition of a mental disorder. Psychol. Rev. 99, 232-247.
24. Wells, K., Steward, A., Hays, R., Burnam, M., Rogers, W., Daniels, M., Berry, S., Greenfield, S., Ware, J., 1989. The functioning and well-being of depressed patients: results from the Medical Outcomes Study. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 262, 914-919.