Correction factors for water-proofing sleeves in kilovoltage x-ray beams

Medical Physics

Volumn 24, Issue 9, 1997, Pages 1507-1513

  Ma, C M ^a,b   Seuntjens, J P ^a  

^a NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA   (Canada)

^b STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

EGS4 Monte Carlo; Kilovoltage x ray dosimetry; Perturbation factor; Radiotherapy; Waterproofing sleeve

Indexed keywords

POLYAMIDES; POLYSTYRENES; RADIOTHERAPY; RAYON; WATERPROOFING; X RAYS;

CORRECTION FACTORS; CORRELATED SAMPLING; CYLINDRICAL CHAMBERS; EFFECT CORRECTIONS; MONTE CARLO CALCULATION; PERTURBATION FACTOR; SLEEVE MATERIALS; SOURCE-SURFACE DISTANCE;

MONTE CARLO METHODS;

NYLON; POLYSTYRENE;

ACCURACY; ARTICLE; CALIBRATION; DOSIMETRY; MATHEMATICAL COMPUTING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION BEAM; SYSTEM ANALYSIS; THICKNESS;

EID: 0030847408     PISSN: 00942405     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1118/1.598039     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. IAEA, Absorbed Dose Determination in Photon and Electron Beams; An International Code of Practice, Vol. 277 of Technical Report Series, IAEA, Vienna, 1987.
2. S. C. Klevenhagen, R. J. Auckett, R. M. Harrison, C. Moretti, A. E. Nahum, and K. E. Rosser, "The IPEMB code of practice for the determination of absorbed dose for x-rays below 300 kV generating potential (0.035 mm Al - 4 mm Cu HVL; 10-300 kV generating potential)," Phys. Med. Biol 41, 2605-2625 (1996).
3. ICRU, "Radiation Dosimetry: Measurement of absorbed dose in a phantom irradiated by a single beam of x- or gamma rays," ICRU Report 23 (Bethesda, MD) (1973).
4. J. Seuntjens, H. Thierens, A. V. der Plaetsen, and O. Segaert, "Determination of absorbed dose to water with ionisation chambers calibrated in free air for medium energy X-rays," Phys. Med. Biol. 33, 1171-1185 (1988).
5. J. Seuntjens, H. Thierens, and U. Schneider, "Correction factors for a cylindrical chamber used in medium energy x-ray beams," Phys. Med. Biol. 38, 805-832 (1993).
6. K. E. Rosser, "Measurement of Absorbed Dose to Water for Medium Energy X-rays," NPL Report RSA(EXT)33 (1992).
7. R. T. Knight and A. E. Nahum, "Depth and field-size dependence of ratios of mass-energy absorption coefficient, water-to-air, for kV X-ray dosimetry," in Proceedings of the IAEA International Symposium on Measurement Assurance in Dosimetry (IAEA, Vienna, 1994), pp. 361-370.
8. C.-M. Ma and A. E. Nahum, "Monte Carlo calculated correction factors for a NE2571 chamber in medium-energy photon beams," in Proceedings of the IAEA International Symposium on Measurement Assurance in Dosimetry (IAEA, Vienna, 1994), pp 371-382.
9. C.-M. Ma and A. E. Nahum, "Monte Carlo calculated stem effect corrections for NE2561 and NE2571 chambers in medium-energy x-ray beams," Phys. Med. Biol. 40, 63-72 (1995).
10. C.-M. Ma and A. E. Nahum, "Calculations of ion chamber displacement effect corrections for medium-energy x-ray dosimetry," Phys. Med. Biol. 40, 45-62 (1995).
11. J. Seuntjens and F. Verhaegen, "Dependence of overall correction factor of a cylindrical ionization chamber on field size and depth in medium energy X-ray beams," Med. Phys. 23, 1789-1796 (1996).
12. K. Hohlfeld, "In-phantom measurement of absorbed dose to water in medium energy x-ray beams," in Review of Data and Methods Recommended in the International Code of Practice: IAEA Technical Reports Series No. 277 Absorbed Dose Determination in Photon and Electron Beams, Proceedings of a consultants meeting organized by the IAEA and Held in Vienna, 8-11 December 1992, IAEA-TECDOC-897, 77-97 (1996).
13. M. T. Gillin, R. W. Kline, A. Niroomand-Rad, and D. F. Grimm, "The effect of thickness of the waterproofing sheath on the calibration of photon and electron beams," Med. Phys. 12, 234-236 (1985).
14. W. F. Hanson and J A. D Tinoco, "Effects of plastic protective caps on the calibration of therapy beams in water," Med. Phys. 12, 243-248 (1985).
15. C. K. Ross and K. R. Shortt, "The effect of waterproofing sleeves on ionization chamber response," Phys. Med. Biol. 37, 1403-1411 (1992).
16. W. R. Nelson, H. Hirayama, and D. W O. Rogers, "The EGS4 Code System," Report SLAC-265, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, CA, 1985.
17. C.-M. Ma, C. W. Coffey, L. A. DeWerd, C Liu, R. Nath, S. M. Seltzer, and J. Seuntjens, "Status of kilovoltage x-ray beam dosimetry in radiotherapy," National Research Council of Canada (NRCC) Report PIRS-0533 (NRCC, Ottawa, 1996).
18. C.-M. Ma and A. E. Nahum, "Calculation of absorbed dose ratios using correlated Monte Carlo sampling," Med. Phys. 20, 1189-1199 (1993).
19. ICRU, Stopping powers for electrons and positrons, Report 37, Bethesda MD (1984).
20. W. W. Seelentag, W. Panzer, G. Drexler, L. Platz, and F. Santner, "A catalogue of spectra for the calibration of dosemeters," GSF Bericht 560, Gesellschaft fur Strahlenund Umweltforschung GmbH, Munich (unpublished, 1979).