Internal Gln/Glu ratio as a potential regulatory parameter for the expression of a cytosolic glutamine synthetase gene of radish in cultured cells

Plant and Cell Physiology

Volumn 38, Issue 9, 1997, Pages 1000-1006

  Watanabe, Akio ^a,b   Takagi, Noriko ^b   Hayashi, Hiroaki ^c   Chino, Mitsuo ^c   Watanabe, Akira ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

^b NAGOYA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

Author keywords

Cultured cells; Gene expression; Glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2); Nitrogen metabolism; Raphanus sativus

Indexed keywords

RAPHANUS SATIVUS;

EID: 0030845671     PISSN: 00320781     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029263     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Benjamin, P.M., Wu, J.L., Mitchell, A.P. and Magasanik, B. (1989) Three regulatory systems control expression of glutamine synthetase in Saccharomyces serevisiae at the level of transcription. Mol. Gen. Genet. 217: 370-377.
2. Brears, T., Walker, E.L. and Coruzzi, G.M. (1991) A promoter sequence involved in cell-specific expression of the pea glutamine synthetase GS3A gene in organs of transgenic tobacco and alfalfa. Plant J. 1: 235-244.
3. Carvalho, H., Pereira, S., Sunkel, C. and Salema, R. (1992) Detection of a cytosolic glutamine synthetase in leaves of Nicotiana tabacum L. by immunocytochemical methods. Plant Physiol. 100: 1591-1594.
4. Cock, J.M., Brock, I.W., Watson, A.T., Swarup, R., Morby, A.P. and Cullimore, J.V. (1991) Regulation of glutamine synthetase genes in leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris. Plant Mol. Biol. 17: 761-771.
5. Daniel-Vedele, F. and Caboche, M. (1993) A tobacco cDNA clone encoding a GATA-1 zinc finger protein homologous to regulators of nitrogen metabolism in fungi. Mol. Gen. Genet. 240: 365-373.
6. Edwards, J.W., Walker, E.L. and Coruzzi, G.M. (1990) Cell-specific expression in transgenic plants reveals nonoverlapping roles for chloroplast and cytosolic glutamine synthetase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 3459-3463.
7. Elmlinger, M.W. and Mohr, H. (1992) Glutamine synthetase in Scots pine seedlings and its control by blue light and light absorbed by phytochrome. Planta 188: 396-402.
8. García-Fernández, J.M., López-Ruiz, A., Alhama, J., Roldán, J.M. and Dapena, J.D. (1995) Effect of glutamine on glutamine-synthetase regulation in the green alga Monoraphidium braunii. Planta 195: 434-439.
9. Hayashi, H. and Chino, M. (1990) Chemical composition of phloem sap from the uppermost internode of the rice plant. Plant Cell Physiol. 31: 247-251.
10. Hirel, B., Bouet, C., King, B., Layzell, D., Jacobs, F. and Verma, D.P.S. (1987) Glutamine synthetase genes are regulated by ammonia provided externally or by symbiotic nitrogen fixation. EMBO J. 6: 1167-1171.
11. Kamachi, K., Yamaya, T., Hayakawa, T., Mae, T. and Ojima, K. (1991a) Vascular bundle-specific localization of cytosolic glutamine synthetase in rice leaves. Plant Physiol. 99: 1481-1486.
12. Kamachi, K., Yamaya, T., Mae, T. and Ojima, K. (1991b) A role for glutamine synthetase in the remobilization of leaf nitrogen during natural senescence in rice leaves. Plant Physiol. 96: 411-417.
13. Kawakami, N. and Watanabe, A. (1988) Senescence-specific increase in cytosolic glutamine synthetase and its mRNA in radish cotyledons. Plant Physiol. 88: 1430-1434.
14. Kozaki, A., Sakamoto, A., Tanaka, K. and Takeba, G. (1991) The promoter of the gene for glutamine synthetase from rice shows organ-specific and substrate-induced expression in transgenic tobacco plants. Plant Cell Physiol. 32: 353-358.
15. Kumada, Y., Benson, D.R., Hillemann, D., Hosted, T.J., Rochefort, D.A., Thompson, C.J., Wohlleben, W. and Tateno, Y. (1993) Evolution of the glutamine synthetase gene, one of the oldest existing and functioning genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 3009-3013.
16. Luque, I., Flores, E. and Herrero, A. (1994) Molecular mechanism for the operation of nitrogen control in cyanobacteria. EMBO J. 13: 2862-2869.
17. 4. Planta 196: 231-238.
18. Marsolier, M.-C., Carrayol, E. and Hirel, B. (1993) Multiple functions of promoter sequences involved in organ-specific expression and ammonia regulation of a cytosolic soybean glutamine synthetase gene in transgenic Lotus corniculatus. Plant J. 3: 405-414.
19. Marsolier, M.-C., Debrosses, G. and Hirel, B. (1995) Identification of several soybean cytosolic glutamine synthetase transcripts highly or specifically expressed in nodules: expression studies using one of the corresponding genes in transgenic Lotus corniculatus. Plant Mol. Biol. 27: 1-15.
20. Marzluf, G.A. (1993) Regulation of sulfur and nitrogen metabolism in filamentous fungi. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 47: 31-55.
21. Miao, G.-H., Hirel, B., Marsolier, M.-C., Ridge, R.W. and Verma, D.P.S. (1991) Ammonia-regulated expression of a soybean gene encoding cytosolic glutamine synthetase in transgenic Lotus corniculatus. Plant Cell 3: 11-22.
22. Minehart, P.L. and Magasanik, B. (1991) Sequence and expression of GLN3, a positive nitrogen regulatory gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encoding a protein with a putative zinc finger DNA-binding domain. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11: 6216-6228.
23. Minehart, P.L. and Magasanik, B. (1992) Sequence of the GLN1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: role of the upstream region in regulation of glutamine synthetase expression. J. Bacteriol. 174: 1828-1836.
24. Murashige, T. and Skoog, K. (1962) A revised medium for plant growth and bioassays with tobacco culture. Physiol. Plant. 15: 473-497.
25. Peterman, T.K. and Goodman, H.M. (1991) The glutamine synthetase gene family of Arabidopsis thaliana: light-regulation and differential expression in leaves, roots and seeds. Mol. Gen. Genet. 230: 145-154.
26. Ratajczak, L., Ratajczak, W. and Mazurowa, H. (1981) The effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources on the activity of glutamine synthetase and glutamate dehydrogenase in lupine embryonic axes. Physiol. Plant. 51: 277-280.
27. Reitzer, L.J. and Magasanik, B. (1987) Ammonia assimilation and the biosynthesis of glutamine, glutamate, aspartate, asparagine, L-alanine and D-alanine. In Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium: Cellular and Molecular Biology 2. Edited by Nedhardt, F.C., Ingraham, J.L., Low, K.B., Magasanik, B. and Schaechtez, M. pp. 302-320. Am. Soc. Microbiol., Washington D.C.
28. Rhodes, D., Rendon, G.A. and Stewart, G.R. (1975) The control of glutamine synthetase level in Lemna minor L. Planta 125: 201-211.
29. Sakakibara, H., Kawabata, S., Takahashi, H., Hase, T. and Sugiyama, T. (1992) Molecular cloning of the family of glutamine synthetase genes from maize: expression of genes for glutamine synthetase and ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthetase in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic tissues. Plant Cell Physiol. 33: 49-58.
30. Sakakibara, H., Shimizu, H., Hase, T., Yamazaki, Y., Takao, T., Shimonishi, Y. and Sugiyama, T. (1996) Molecular identification and characterization of cytosolic isoforms of glutamine synthetase in maize roots. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 29561-29568.
31. Stanford, A.C., Larsen, K., Barker, D.G. and Cullimore, J.V. (1993) Differential expression within the glutamine synthetase gene family of the model legume Medicago truncatula. Plant Physiol. 103: 73-81.
32. Sukanya, R., Li, M.-G. and Snustad, D.P. (1994) Root- and shoot-specific responses of individual glutamine synthetase genes of maize to nitrate and ammonium. Plant Mol. Biol. 26: 1935-1946.
33. Tingey, S.V., Tsai, F.-Y., Edwards, J.W., Walker, E.L. and Coruzzi, G.M. (1988) Chloroplast and cytosolic glutamine synthetase are encoded by homologous nuclear genes which are differentially expressed in vivo. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 9651-9657.
34. Tsinoremas, N.F., Castets, A.M., Harrison, M.A., Allen, J.F. and Tandeau de Marsac, N. (1991) Photosynthetic electron transport controls nitrogen assimilation in cyanobacteria by means of posttranslational modification of the glnB gene product. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 4565-4569.
35. Walker, E.L. and Coruzzi, G.M. (1989) Developmentally regulated expression of the gene family for cytosolic glutamine synthetase in Pisum sativum. Plant Physiol. 91: 702-708.
36. Watanabe, A., Hamada, K., Yokoi, H. and Watanabe, A. (1994) Biphasic and differential expression of cytosolic glutamine synthetase genes of radish during seed germination and senescence of cotyledons. Plant Mol. Biol. 26: 1807-1817.
37. Wiame, J.M., Grenson, M. and Arst, H.N., Jr. (1985) Nitrogen catabolite repression in yeasts and filamentous fungi. Adv. Microbiol. Physiol. 26: 1-88.