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84977356769
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V. A. Samarkin, E. M. Rivkina, E. A. Bocharnikova, in Methane Biogeochemistry in Arctic Marsh Soils, D. A. Gilichinsky, Ed. (Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia, 1992); T. R. Christensen, S. Jonasson, T. V. Callaghan, M. Havström, J. Geophys. Res. 100D, 21035 (1995).
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8
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1842374600
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note
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4 pool of 4800 Tg (18)] and increases during winter by 1.5% (25 ppb) (1), amounting to 5.8 Tg.
-
-
-
-
10
-
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1842289358
-
-
note
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-3 of soil × 1.08 ± 0.04% organic C; n = 46 sites throughout Siberia; 0 to 50 m depth) (12).
-
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-
13
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1842365058
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Soveta po kriologii zemli Rosiiskoi Akademii Nauk i Severo-Vostochnogo nauchno proizvodstvennogo Kompleksa Ekotsentr, Moscow
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Y. K. Vasil'chuk, Izotopno kistorodnyi sostav podzemnykh I'dov (Soveta po kriologii zemli Rosiiskoi Akademii Nauk i Severo-Vostochnogo nauchno proizvodstvennogo Kompleksa Ekotsentr, Moscow, 1992), vol. 1.
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Izotopno Kistorodnyi Sostav Podzemnykh I'dov
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Vasil'chuk, Y.K.1
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15
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1842367468
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note
-
-1.
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18
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84977368750
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P. D. Quay, S. L King, J. M. Lansdown, W. O. Wilber, Global Biogeochem. Cycles 2, 385 (1988); M. Wahlen et al., Science 245, 286 (1989).
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Quay, P.D.1
King, S.L.2
Lansdown, J.M.3
Wilber, W.O.4
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19
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0024472337
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P. D. Quay, S. L King, J. M. Lansdown, W. O. Wilber, Global Biogeochem. Cycles 2, 385 (1988); M. Wahlen et al., Science 245, 286 (1989).
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Wahlen, M.1
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22
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1842333440
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note
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4 content as 0.8 × gas volume.
-
-
-
-
24
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1842369230
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4 concentration in June, August, and September. Data are available to Science Online subscribers at www.sciencemag.org.
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Science
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26
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0027829853
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W. L. Chapman and J. E. Walsh, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 74, 33 (1993); K. R. Briffa, P. D. Jones, F. H. Schweingruber, S. G. Shiyatov, E. R. Cook, Nature 376, 156 (1995).
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Chapman, W.L.1
Walsh, J.E.2
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0029516502
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W. L. Chapman and J. E. Walsh, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 74, 33 (1993); K. R. Briffa, P. D. Jones, F. H. Schweingruber, S. G. Shiyatov, E. R. Cook, Nature 376, 156 (1995).
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Nature
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Briffa, K.R.1
Jones, P.D.2
Schweingruber, F.H.3
Shiyatov, S.G.4
Cook, E.R.5
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28
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1842336423
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N. I. Tolstikhin, Ed. (Iakutskoe Knizhnoe Izdatel'stvo, Iakutsk, Russia)
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S. E. Mostakhov, in Mezhdunarodnaia conferentsiia po merztotovedeniiu, Podzemnye vody kriolitosfery, N. I. Tolstikhin, Ed. (Iakutskoe Knizhnoe Izdatel'stvo, Iakutsk, Russia, 1973), vol. 5.
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0000330705
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Alexander, V.2
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0026271247
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K. Van Cleve and V. Alexander, Ecol. Bull. 33, 375 (1981); E. Gorham. Ecol. Appl. 1, 182 (1991); G. L. Michaelson, C.-L. Ping, J. M. Kimble, Arct. Alp. Res. 28, 414 (1996).
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0000059940
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J. D. Hamilton, C. A. Kelly, J. W. M. Rudd, R. H. Hesslein, N. T. Routet, J. Geophys. Res. 99D, 1495 (1994).
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Routet, N.T.5
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34
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1842366235
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note
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13C values measured by atomic mass spectrometry at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
-
-
-
-
35
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0000459261
-
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S. C. Tyler, J. Geophys. Res. 91, 13232 (1986); D. C. Lowe, C. A. Brenninkmeijer, S. C. Tyler, E. J. Dlugkencky, ibid. 96, 15455 (1991); J. S. Vogel, Radiocarbon 34, 344 (1992).
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Tyler, S.C.1
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0026304190
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S. C. Tyler, J. Geophys. Res. 91, 13232 (1986); D. C. Lowe, C. A. Brenninkmeijer, S. C. Tyler, E. J. Dlugkencky, ibid. 96, 15455 (1991); J. S. Vogel, Radiocarbon 34, 344 (1992).
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Lowe, D.C.1
Brenninkmeijer, C.A.2
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Dlugkencky, E.J.4
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37
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0000677819
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S. C. Tyler, J. Geophys. Res. 91, 13232 (1986); D. C. Lowe, C. A. Brenninkmeijer, S. C. Tyler, E. J. Dlugkencky, ibid. 96, 15455 (1991); J. S. Vogel, Radiocarbon 34, 344 (1992).
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Vogel, J.S.1
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38
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1842409134
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note
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We thank G. W. Kling, W. S. Reeburgh, M. S. Torn, and M. Wahlen for constructive criticism and the Russian Fund for Fundamental Research, the International Science Foundation, and U.S. Department of Energy for financial support.
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