메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 42, Issue 7, 1997, Pages 1557-1566

Quantitative PCR analysis of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA levels in pediatric IBD mucosal biopsies

Author keywords

Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis; Inflammatory bowel disease; Interleukin 1; PCR; Tumor necrosis factor

Indexed keywords

INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; MESSENGER RNA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 0030842468     PISSN: 01632116     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1018895500721     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (117)

References (61)
  • 1
    • 0027422089 scopus 로고
    • Chronic intestinal inflammation: An unexpected outcome in cytokine or T cell receptor mutant mice
    • Strober W, Ehrhardt RO: Chronic intestinal inflammation: An unexpected outcome in cytokine or T cell receptor mutant mice. Cell 75:203-205, 1993
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 203-205
    • Strober, W.1    Ehrhardt, R.O.2
  • 2
    • 0026432216 scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory bowel disease
    • Podolsky DK: Inflammatory bowel disease. N Engl J Med 325:928-937, 1991
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.325 , pp. 928-937
    • Podolsky, D.K.1
  • 3
    • 8544259025 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and current etiological concepts
    • J Levine (ed). Philadelphia, Lippincott
    • Seidman E: Epidemiology and current etiological concepts. In Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Levine (ed). Philadelphia, Lippincott, 1994, pp 1-14
    • (1994) Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease , pp. 1-14
    • Seidman, E.1
  • 4
    • 0028297728 scopus 로고
    • Immunopathogenesis of chronic inflammatory bowel disease
    • Braegger CP: Immunopathogenesis of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Acta Paediatr 395:18-21, 1994
    • (1994) Acta Paediatr , vol.395 , pp. 18-21
    • Braegger, C.P.1
  • 6
    • 0029114193 scopus 로고
    • Current concepts of the etiology and pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease
    • Sartor RB: Current concepts of the etiology and pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 24:475-507, 1995
    • (1995) Gastroenterol Clin North Am , vol.24 , pp. 475-507
    • Sartor, R.B.1
  • 7
    • 0027369395 scopus 로고
    • Ulcerative colitis-like disease in mice with disrupted interleukin-2 gene
    • Sadlack B, Merz H, Schorle H, Schimpl A, Feller AC, Horak I: Ulcerative colitis-like disease in mice with disrupted interleukin-2 gene. Cell 75:253-261, 1993
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 253-261
    • Sadlack, B.1    Merz, H.2    Schorle, H.3    Schimpl, A.4    Feller, A.C.5    Horak, I.6
  • 8
    • 0027521572 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-10 deficient mice develop chronic enterocolitis
    • Kühn R, Löhler J, Rennick D, Rajewsky K, Müller W: Interleukin-10 deficient mice develop chronic enterocolitis. Cell 75:263-274, 1993
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 263-274
    • Kühn, R.1    Löhler, J.2    Rennick, D.3    Rajewsky, K.4    Müller, W.5
  • 9
    • 0028069352 scopus 로고
    • Cytokines in intestinal inflammation: Pathophysiological and clinical considerations
    • Sartor B: Cytokines in intestinal inflammation: Pathophysiological and clinical considerations. Gastroenterology 106:533-539, 1994
    • (1994) Gastroenterology , vol.106 , pp. 533-539
    • Sartor, B.1
  • 10
    • 0027447515 scopus 로고
    • Cytokine mRNA expression in intestine from normal and inflammatory bowel disease patients
    • McCabe RP, Secrist H, Botney M, Egan M, Peters MG: Cytokine mRNA expression in intestine from normal and inflammatory bowel disease patients. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 66:52-58, 1993
    • (1993) Clin Immunol Immunopathol , vol.66 , pp. 52-58
    • McCabe, R.P.1    Secrist, H.2    Botney, M.3    Egan, M.4    Peters, M.G.5
  • 12
    • 0026633459 scopus 로고
    • Cells and cytokines in mucosal immunity and inflammation
    • Beagley KW, Elson CO: Cells and cytokines in mucosal immunity and inflammation. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 21:347-366, 1992
    • (1992) Gastroenterol Clin North Am , vol.21 , pp. 347-366
    • Beagley, K.W.1    Elson, C.O.2
  • 13
  • 14
    • 0025912981 scopus 로고
    • Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha in childhood chronic inflammatory bowel disease
    • Murch SH, Lamkin VA, Savage MO, Walker-Smith JA, MacDonald TT: Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha in childhood chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 32:913-917, 1991
    • (1991) Gut , vol.32 , pp. 913-917
    • Murch, S.H.1    Lamkin, V.A.2    Savage, M.O.3    Walker-Smith, J.A.4    MacDonald, T.T.5
  • 15
    • 0025728070 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor alpha is not elevated in children with inflammatory bowel disease
    • Hyams J, Treem W, Eddy E, Wyzgz N, Moore R: Tumor necrosis factor alpha is not elevated in children with inflammatory bowel disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 12:233-276, 1991
    • (1991) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.12 , pp. 233-276
    • Hyams, J.1    Treem, W.2    Eddy, E.3    Wyzgz, N.4    Moore, R.5
  • 16
    • 0026785505 scopus 로고
    • Detection of mRNAs for macrophage products in inflammatory bowel disease by in situ hybridization
    • Capello M, Keshav S, Prince C, Jewell DP, Gordon S: Detection of mRNAs for macrophage products in inflammatory bowel disease by in situ hybridization. Gut 33:1214-1219, 1992
    • (1992) Gut , vol.33 , pp. 1214-1219
    • Capello, M.1    Keshav, S.2    Prince, C.3    Jewell, D.P.4    Gordon, S.5
  • 18
    • 0026709751 scopus 로고
    • Cytokine messenger RNA profiles in inflammatory bowel disease mucosa detected by polymerase chain reaction amplification
    • Isaacs KL, Sartor RB, Haskill S: Cytokine messenger RNA profiles in inflammatory bowel disease mucosa detected by polymerase chain reaction amplification. Gastroenterology 103:1587-1595, 1992
    • (1992) Gastroenterology , vol.103 , pp. 1587-1595
    • Isaacs, K.L.1    Sartor, R.B.2    Haskill, S.3
  • 19
    • 0024344814 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced production of interleukin-1β by mononuclear cells isolated from mucosa with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease
    • Mahida YR, Wu K, Jewell DP: Enhanced production of interleukin-1β by mononuclear cells isolated from mucosa with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. Gut 30:835-838, 1989
    • (1989) Gut , vol.30 , pp. 835-838
    • Mahida, Y.R.1    Wu, K.2    Jewell, D.P.3
  • 20
    • 0025442212 scopus 로고
    • Role of interleukin 1 in inflammatory bowel disease-enhanced production during active disease
    • Ligumski M, Simon DL, Karmeli F, Rachmilewitz D: Role of interleukin 1 in inflammatory bowel disease-enhanced production during active disease. Gut 31:686-689, 1990
    • (1990) Gut , vol.31 , pp. 686-689
    • Ligumski, M.1    Simon, D.L.2    Karmeli, F.3    Rachmilewitz, D.4
  • 21
    • 0026081338 scopus 로고
    • 5-Aminosalicylic acid is a potent inhibitor of interleukin 1β production in organ culture of colonic biopsy specimens from patients with inflammatory bowel disease
    • Mahida YR, Lamming CED, Gallagher A, Hawthorne A, Hawkey CJ: 5-Aminosalicylic acid is a potent inhibitor of interleukin 1β production in organ culture of colonic biopsy specimens from patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 32:50-54, 1991
    • (1991) Gut , vol.32 , pp. 50-54
    • Mahida, Y.R.1    Lamming, C.E.D.2    Gallagher, A.3    Hawthorne, A.4    Hawkey, C.J.5
  • 22
    • 0026514203 scopus 로고
    • Increased concentrations of interleukin 1β, interleukin 2, and soluble interleukin-2 receptors in endoscopical mucosal biopsy specimens with active inflammatory bowel disease
    • Brynskov J, Trede N, Vilien M, Andersen CB, Bentzen K: Increased concentrations of interleukin 1β, interleukin 2, and soluble interleukin-2 receptors in endoscopical mucosal biopsy specimens with active inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 33:55-58, 1992
    • (1992) Gut , vol.33 , pp. 55-58
    • Brynskov, J.1    Trede, N.2    Vilien, M.3    Andersen, C.B.4    Bentzen, K.5
  • 24
    • 0027451455 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1β by isolated lamina propria mononuclear cells from patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease
    • Reinecker HC, Steffen M, Witthoef T, Pflueger I, Schreiber S, MacDermott RP, Raedler A: Enhanced secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1β by isolated lamina propria mononuclear cells from patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Clin Exp Immunol 94:174-181, 1993
    • (1993) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.94 , pp. 174-181
    • Reinecker, H.C.1    Steffen, M.2    Witthoef, T.3    Pflueger, I.4    Schreiber, S.5    MacDermott, R.P.6    Raedler, A.7
  • 25
    • 0026552488 scopus 로고
    • Increased interleukin 2 messenger RNA in the intestinal mucosal lesions of Crohn's disease but not ulcerative colitis
    • Mullin GE, Lazenby AJ, Harris MC, Bayless TM, James SP: Increased interleukin 2 messenger RNA in the intestinal mucosal lesions of Crohn's disease but not ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 102:1620-1627, 1992
    • (1992) Gastroenterology , vol.102 , pp. 1620-1627
    • Mullin, G.E.1    Lazenby, A.J.2    Harris, M.C.3    Bayless, T.M.4    James, S.P.5
  • 26
    • 0028214576 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative PCR for detection of femtogram quantities of interleukin-8 mRNA expression
    • Izutani R, Ohyanagi H, MacDermott RP: Quantitative PCR for detection of femtogram quantities of interleukin-8 mRNA expression. Microbiol Immunol 38:233-237, 1994
    • (1994) Microbiol Immunol , vol.38 , pp. 233-237
    • Izutani, R.1    Ohyanagi, H.2    MacDermott, R.P.3
  • 27
    • 0027159530 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of tumor necrosis factor α mRNA in small numbers of cells by quantitative polymerase chain reaction
    • Andus T, Targan SR, Deem R, Toyoda H: Measurement of tumor necrosis factor α mRNA in small numbers of cells by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Reg Immunol 5:11-17, 1993
    • (1993) Reg Immunol , vol.5 , pp. 11-17
    • Andus, T.1    Targan, S.R.2    Deem, R.3    Toyoda, H.4
  • 29
    • 0027169767 scopus 로고
    • A reagent for the single-step simultaneous isolation of RNA, DNA and proteins from cell and tissue samples
    • Chomczynski P: A reagent for the single-step simultaneous isolation of RNA, DNA and proteins from cell and tissue samples. Biotechniques 15:532-535, 1993
    • (1993) Biotechniques , vol.15 , pp. 532-535
    • Chomczynski, P.1
  • 30
    • 0027529418 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-2 activity of colonic lamina propria mononuclear cells in a rat model of experimental colitis
    • Gurbindo C, Russo P, Sabbah S, Lohoues MJ, Seidman E: Interleukin-2 activity of colonic lamina propria mononuclear cells in a rat model of experimental colitis. Gastroenterology 104:964-972, 1993
    • (1993) Gastroenterology , vol.104 , pp. 964-972
    • Gurbindo, C.1    Russo, P.2    Sabbah, S.3    Lohoues, M.J.4    Seidman, E.5
  • 31
    • 0028327808 scopus 로고
    • Tissue interleukin 1 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist expression in enterocolitis in resistant and susceptible rats
    • McCall RD, Haskill S, Zimmermann EM, Lund PK, Thompson RC, Sartor RB: Tissue interleukin 1 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist expression in enterocolitis in resistant and susceptible rats. Gastroenterology 106:960-972, 1994
    • (1994) Gastroenterology , vol.106 , pp. 960-972
    • McCall, R.D.1    Haskill, S.2    Zimmermann, E.M.3    Lund, P.K.4    Thompson, R.C.5    Sartor, R.B.6
  • 33
    • 0002367719 scopus 로고
    • Optimization of PCRs
    • MA Innis, DH Gelfand, JJ Sninsky, TJ White (eds). San Diego, Academic Press
    • Innis MA, Gelfand DH: Optimization of PCRs. In PCR Protocols: A guide to methods and applications. MA Innis, DH Gelfand, JJ Sninsky, TJ White (eds). San Diego, Academic Press, 1990, pp 3-12
    • (1990) PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications , pp. 3-12
    • Innis, M.A.1    Gelfand, D.H.2
  • 34
    • 8544236482 scopus 로고
    • Taq polymerase (EC 2.7.7.7.). with particular emphasis on its use in PCR protocols
    • Landgraf A, Wolfes H: Taq polymerase (EC 2.7.7.7.). With particular emphasis on its use in PCR protocols. Methods Mol Biol 16:31-58, 1993
    • (1993) Methods Mol Biol , vol.16 , pp. 31-58
    • Landgraf, A.1    Wolfes, H.2
  • 35
    • 0024828121 scopus 로고
    • Quantitation of mRNA by the polymerase chain reaction
    • Wang AM, Doyle MV, Mark DF: Quantitation of mRNA by the polymerase chain reaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:9717-9721, 1989
    • (1989) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.86 , pp. 9717-9721
    • Wang, A.M.1    Doyle, M.V.2    Mark, D.F.3
  • 38
    • 0026484978 scopus 로고
    • Direct quantification of picomolar concentrations of mRNAs by mathematical analysis of a reverse transcription/ exponential polymerase chain reaction assay
    • Wiesner RJ: Direct quantification of picomolar concentrations of mRNAs by mathematical analysis of a reverse transcription/ exponential polymerase chain reaction assay. Nucleic Acids Res 20:5863-5864, 1992
    • (1992) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.20 , pp. 5863-5864
    • Wiesner, R.J.1
  • 39
    • 0025731666 scopus 로고
    • Determining transcript number using the polymerase chain reaction: PgK-2, mPz, and PGK-2 transgene mRNA levels during spermatogenesis
    • Robinson MO, Simon MI: Determining transcript number using the polymerase chain reaction: PgK-2, mPz, and PGK-2 transgene mRNA levels during spermatogenesis. Nucleic Acids Res 19:1557-1562, 1991
    • (1991) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.19 , pp. 1557-1562
    • Robinson, M.O.1    Simon, M.I.2
  • 40
    • 0027475170 scopus 로고
    • PCR mimics: Competitive DNA fragment for use as internal standards in quantitative PCR
    • Siebert PD, Larrick JW: PCR mimics: Competitive DNA fragment for use as internal standards in quantitative PCR. Biotechniques 14:244-249, 1993
    • (1993) Biotechniques , vol.14 , pp. 244-249
    • Siebert, P.D.1    Larrick, J.W.2
  • 41
    • 0027466737 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative evaluation of gene expression in freshly isolated human respiratory epithelial cells
    • Trapnell BC: Quantitative evaluation of gene expression in freshly isolated human respiratory epithelial cells. Am J Physiol 264:L199-L212, 1993
    • (1993) Am J Physiol , vol.264
    • Trapnell, B.C.1
  • 42
    • 0001557206 scopus 로고
    • Absolute quantitation of γ-aminobutyric acid a receptor subunit messenger RNAs by competitive polymerase chain reaction
    • Grayson DR, Bovolin P, Santi MR: Absolute quantitation of γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor subunit messenger RNAs by competitive polymerase chain reaction. Methods Neurosci 12:191-207, 1993
    • (1993) Methods Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 191-207
    • Grayson, D.R.1    Bovolin, P.2    Santi, M.R.3
  • 43
    • 0027163786 scopus 로고
    • Absolute levels of mRNA by polymerase chain reaction-aided transcript titration assay
    • Becker-André M: Absolute levels of mRNA by polymerase chain reaction-aided transcript titration assay. Methods Enzymol 218:420-445, 1993
    • (1993) Methods Enzymol , vol.218 , pp. 420-445
    • Becker-André, M.1
  • 44
    • 0027321073 scopus 로고
    • Polymerase chain reaction-based mRNA quantitation using an internal standard: Analysis of oncogene expression
    • Scheuermann RH, Bauer SR: Polymerase chain reaction-based mRNA quantitation using an internal standard: analysis of oncogene expression. Methods Enzymol 218:446-473, 1993
    • (1993) Methods Enzymol , vol.218 , pp. 446-473
    • Scheuermann, R.H.1    Bauer, S.R.2
  • 45
    • 0025223044 scopus 로고
    • Coordinate enhancement of cytokine gene expression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected promonocytic cells
    • D'Addario M, Roulston A, Wainberg MA, Hiscott J: Coordinate enhancement of cytokine gene expression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected promonocytic cells. J Virol 64:6080-6089, 1990
    • (1990) J Virol , vol.64 , pp. 6080-6089
    • D'Addario, M.1    Roulston, A.2    Wainberg, M.A.3    Hiscott, J.4
  • 46
    • 0024283882 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of cloned moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase lacking ribonuclease H activity
    • Kotewicz ML, Sampson CM, D'Alessio JM, Gerard GF: Isolation of cloned moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase lacking ribonuclease H activity. Nucleic Acids Res 16:265-277, 1988
    • (1988) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.16 , pp. 265-277
    • Kotewicz, M.L.1    Sampson, C.M.2    D'Alessio, J.M.3    Gerard, G.F.4
  • 47
    • 85047676307 scopus 로고
    • Improved quantification with validation of multiple mRNA species by polymerase chain reaction: Application to human myocardial creatine kinase M and B
    • Ma TS, Brink PA, Perryman B, Roberts R: Improved quantification with validation of multiple mRNA species by polymerase chain reaction: Application to human myocardial creatine kinase M and B. Cardiovasc Res 28:464-471, 1994
    • (1994) Cardiovasc Res , vol.28 , pp. 464-471
    • Ma, T.S.1    Brink, P.A.2    Perryman, B.3    Roberts, R.4
  • 48
    • 0028101253 scopus 로고
    • Mucosal biopsy diagnosis of colitis: Acute self-limited colitis and idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease
    • Surawicz CM, Haggitt RC, Husseman M, McFarland LV: Mucosal biopsy diagnosis of colitis: acute self-limited colitis and idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 107:755-763, 1994
    • (1994) Gastroenterology , vol.107 , pp. 755-763
    • Surawicz, C.M.1    Haggitt, R.C.2    Husseman, M.3    McFarland, L.V.4
  • 49
    • 0027320548 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis
    • Shanahan F: Pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Lancet 342:407-411, 1993
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.342 , pp. 407-411
    • Shanahan, F.1
  • 50
    • 0027441514 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-2 and interferon-γ secreting T cells in normal and diseased human intestinal mucosa
    • Breese E, Braegger CP, Corrigan CJ, Walker-Smith JA, MacDonald TT: Interleukin-2 and interferon-γ secreting T cells in normal and diseased human intestinal mucosa. Immunology 78:127-131, 1993
    • (1993) Immunology , vol.78 , pp. 127-131
    • Breese, E.1    Braegger, C.P.2    Corrigan, C.J.3    Walker-Smith, J.A.4    MacDonald, T.T.5
  • 51
    • 0027292917 scopus 로고
    • T-cell activation can induce either mucosal destruction or adaptation in cultured human fetal small intestine
    • Lionetti P, Breese E, Braegger CP, Murch SH, Taylor J, MacDonald TT: T-cell activation can induce either mucosal destruction or adaptation in cultured human fetal small intestine. Gastroenterology 105:373-381, 1993
    • (1993) Gastroenterology , vol.105 , pp. 373-381
    • Lionetti, P.1    Breese, E.2    Braegger, C.P.3    Murch, S.H.4    Taylor, J.5    MacDonald, T.T.6
  • 52
    • 0027853690 scopus 로고
    • The role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease
    • Mahida YR: The role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Can J Gastroenterol 7:83-86, 1993
    • (1993) Can J Gastroenterol , vol.7 , pp. 83-86
    • Mahida, Y.R.1
  • 53
    • 0028303569 scopus 로고
    • Lymphocyte and macrophage interleukin receptors in inflammatory bowel disease: A more selective target for therapy?
    • Weldon MJ, Maxwell JD: Lymphocyte and macrophage interleukin receptors in inflammatory bowel disease: A more selective target for therapy? Gut 35:867-871, 1994
    • (1994) Gut , vol.35 , pp. 867-871
    • Weldon, M.J.1    Maxwell, J.D.2
  • 54
    • 0025873675 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in the rat acetic acid-induced colitis model
    • Thomas TK, Will PC, Srivastava A: Evaluation of an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in the rat acetic acid-induced colitis model. Agents Actions 34:187-190, 1991
    • (1991) Agents Actions , vol.34 , pp. 187-190
    • Thomas, T.K.1    Will, P.C.2    Srivastava, A.3
  • 55
    • 0026697049 scopus 로고
    • Recombinant interleukin-1 receptor antagonist blocks the proinflammatory activity of endogenous interleukin-1 in rabbit immune colitis
    • Cominelli F, Nast CC, Duchini A, Lee M: Recombinant interleukin-1 receptor antagonist blocks the proinflammatory activity of endogenous interleukin-1 in rabbit immune colitis. Gastroenterology 103:65-71, 1992
    • (1992) Gastroenterology , vol.103 , pp. 65-71
    • Cominelli, F.1    Nast, C.C.2    Duchini, A.3    Lee, M.4
  • 56
    • 0028180365 scopus 로고
    • Interrelations between interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, plasma C-reactive protein values, and in vitro C-reactive protein generation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
    • Mazlam MZ, Hodgson HSF: Interrelations between interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, plasma C-reactive protein values, and in vitro C-reactive protein generation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 35:177-183, 1994
    • (1994) Gut , vol.35 , pp. 177-183
    • Mazlam, M.Z.1    Hodgson, H.S.F.2
  • 57
    • 0027256033 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor and IL-1β expression in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease
    • Olson AD, Ayass M, Chensue S: Tumor necrosis factor and IL-1β expression in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 16:241-246, 1993
    • (1993) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.16 , pp. 241-246
    • Olson, A.D.1    Ayass, M.2    Chensue, S.3
  • 58
    • 0027486125 scopus 로고
    • Location of tumor necrosis factor α by immunohistochemistry in chronic inflammatory bowel disease
    • Murch SH, Braegger CP, Walker-Smith J, MacDonald TT: Location of tumor necrosis factor α by immunohistochemistry in chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 34:1705-1709, 1993
    • (1993) Gut , vol.34 , pp. 1705-1709
    • Murch, S.H.1    Braegger, C.P.2    Walker-Smith, J.3    MacDonald, T.T.4
  • 60
    • 0000264230 scopus 로고
    • Increased mucosal TNFα mRNA levels and numbers of TNFα producing cells are unique to Crohn's disease mucosal inflammation
    • Plevy SE, Targan SR, Deem RL, Toyoda H: Increased mucosal TNFα mRNA levels and numbers of TNFα producing cells are unique to Crohn's disease mucosal inflammation. Gastroenterology 106:A754, 1994
    • (1994) Gastroenterology , vol.106
    • Plevy, S.E.1    Targan, S.R.2    Deem, R.L.3    Toyoda, H.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.