메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 16, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 1-70

Mapped plant-macrofossil and pollen records of late quaternary vegetation change in eastern North America

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FOSSIL RECORD; GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION; MACROFOSSIL; MAPPING; PALAEOCLIMATE; POLLEN ANALYSIS; POLLEN RECORD; QUATERNARY; QUATERNARY VEGETATION; VEGETATION; VEGETATION CHANGE;

EID: 0030841944     PISSN: 02773791     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0277-3791(96)00047-9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (216)

References (271)
  • 1
    • 0022845922 scopus 로고
    • Pollen in laminated sediments provides evidence for a mid-Holocene forest pathogen outbreak
    • Allison, T.D., Moeller, R.E. and Davis, M.B. (1986). Pollen in laminated sediments provides evidence for a mid-Holocene forest pathogen outbreak. Ecology, 67, 1101-1105.
    • (1986) Ecology , vol.67 , pp. 1101-1105
    • Allison, T.D.1    Moeller, R.E.2    Davis, M.B.3
  • 2
    • 0027048222 scopus 로고
    • Influence of terrestrial vegetation on sediment-forming processes in kettle lakes of west-central Minnesota
    • Almquist-Jacobson, H., Almendinger, J.E. and Hobbie, S.E. (1992). Influence of terrestrial vegetation on sediment-forming processes in kettle lakes of west-central Minnesota. Quaternary Research, 38, 103-116.
    • (1992) Quaternary Research , vol.38 , pp. 103-116
    • Almquist-Jacobson, H.1    Almendinger, J.E.2    Hobbie, S.E.3
  • 3
    • 0022912517 scopus 로고
    • History of late-and post-glacial vegetation around Upper South Branch Pond, northern Maine
    • Anderson, R.S., Davis, R.B., Miller, N.G. and Stuckenrath, R. Jr (1986). History of late-and post-glacial vegetation around Upper South Branch Pond, northern Maine. Canadian Journal of Botany, 64, 1977-1986.
    • (1986) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.64 , pp. 1977-1986
    • Anderson, R.S.1    Davis, R.B.2    Miller, N.G.3    Stuckenrath R., Jr.4
  • 4
    • 0025586718 scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial fossils in the marine Presumpscot formation: Implications for late Wisconsinan paleoenvironments and isostatic rebound along the coast of Maine
    • Anderson, R.S., Miller, N.G., Davis, R.B. and Nelson, R.E. (1990). Terrestrial fossils in the marine Presumpscot Formation: implications for late Wisconsinan paleoenvironments and isostatic rebound along the coast of Maine. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 27, 1241-1246.
    • (1990) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.27 , pp. 1241-1246
    • Anderson, R.S.1    Miller, N.G.2    Davis, R.B.3    Nelson, R.E.4
  • 5
    • 0027060188 scopus 로고
    • Gould Pond, Maine: Late-glacial transitions from marine to upland environments
    • Anderson, R.S., Jacobson, G.L., Jr, Davis, R.B. and Stuckenrath, R. (1992). Gould Pond, Maine: late-glacial transitions from marine to upland environments. Boreas, 21, 359-371.
    • (1992) Boreas , vol.21 , pp. 359-371
    • Anderson, R.S.1    Jacobson G.L., Jr.2    Davis, R.B.3    Stuckenrath, R.4
  • 6
    • 0003260628 scopus 로고
    • Pollen and plant macrofossil analyses on late Quaternary sediments at Kitchener, Ontario
    • Anderson, T.W. (1982). Pollen and plant macrofossil analyses on late Quaternary sediments at Kitchener, Ontario. Geological Survey of Canada Paper, 82, 131-136.
    • (1982) Geological Survey of Canada Paper , vol.82 , pp. 131-136
    • Anderson, T.W.1
  • 7
    • 0022195820 scopus 로고
    • Postglacial water-level history of the Lake Ontario Basin
    • Karrow, P.F. and Calkin, P.E. (eds) Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 30. St John's, Newfoundland, Canada
    • Anderson, T.W. and Lewis, C.F.M. (1985). Postglacial water-level history of the Lake Ontario Basin. In: Karrow, P.F. and Calkin, P.E. (eds), Quaternary Evolution of the Great Lakes, pp. 231-253. Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 30. St John's, Newfoundland, Canada.
    • (1985) Quaternary Evolution of the Great Lakes , pp. 231-253
    • Anderson, T.W.1    Lewis, C.F.M.2
  • 8
    • 0011386285 scopus 로고
    • Macrofossils from a late-glacial deposit at Cambridge Massachusetts
    • Argus, G.W. and Davis, M.B. (1962). Macrofossils from a late-glacial deposit at Cambridge Massachusetts. American Midland Naturalist, 67, 106-117.
    • (1962) American Midland Naturalist , vol.67 , pp. 106-117
    • Argus, G.W.1    Davis, M.B.2
  • 9
    • 0019789579 scopus 로고
    • Plant and insect fossils at Norwood in south-central Minnesota: A record of late-glacial succession
    • Ashworth, A.C., Schwert, D.P., Watts, W.A. and Wright, H.E., Jr (1981). Plant and insect fossils at Norwood in south-central Minnesota: a record of late-glacial succession. Quaternary Research, 16, 66-69.
    • (1981) Quaternary Research , vol.16 , pp. 66-69
    • Ashworth, A.C.1    Schwert, D.P.2    Watts, W.A.3    Wright H.E., Jr.4
  • 10
    • 0000844321 scopus 로고
    • Late-glacial pollen and plant macrofossils from Spider Creek, southern St Louis County Minnesota
    • Baker, R.G. (1965). Late-glacial pollen and plant macrofossils from Spider Creek, southern St Louis County Minnesota. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 76, 601-610.
    • (1965) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.76 , pp. 601-610
    • Baker, R.G.1
  • 12
    • 0011488334 scopus 로고
    • Three late-glacial pollen and plant macrofossil assemblages from Iowa
    • Baker, R.G., Van Zant, K.L. and Dulian, J.J. (1980). Three late-glacial pollen and plant macrofossil assemblages from Iowa. Palynology, 4, 197-203.
    • (1980) Palynology , vol.4 , pp. 197-203
    • Baker, R.G.1    Van Zant, K.L.2    Dulian, J.J.3
  • 15
    • 0002581925 scopus 로고
    • Dissimilarity coefficients for fossil pollen spectra from Iowa and western Illinois during the last 30,000 years
    • Baker, R.G., Van Nest, J. and Woodworth, G. (1989). Dissimilarity coefficients for fossil pollen spectra from Iowa and western Illinois during the last 30,000 years. Palynology, 13, 63-77.
    • (1989) Palynology , vol.13 , pp. 63-77
    • Baker, R.G.1    Van Nest, J.2    Woodworth, G.3
  • 17
    • 0026475923 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of Holocene environmental change in the midwestern United States
    • Baker, R.G., Maher, L.J., Chumbley, C.A. and van Zant, K.L. (1992). Patterns of Holocene environmental change in the midwestern United States. Quaternary Research, 37, 379-389.
    • (1992) Quaternary Research , vol.37 , pp. 379-389
    • Baker, R.G.1    Maher, L.J.2    Chumbley, C.A.3    Van Zant, K.L.4
  • 18
    • 0011385986 scopus 로고
    • The distribution of Pinus banksiana Lamb. in New England and New York
    • Baldwin, H.I. (1979). The distribution of Pinus banksiana Lamb. in New England and New York. Rhodora, 81, 549-565.
    • (1979) Rhodora , vol.81 , pp. 549-565
    • Baldwin, H.I.1
  • 19
    • 0002773303 scopus 로고
    • Changing patterns in the Holocene pollen record of northeastern North America: A mapped summary
    • Bernabo, J.C. and Webb, T., III (1977). Changing patterns in the Holocene pollen record of northeastern North America: a mapped summary. Quaternary Research, 8, 64-96.
    • (1977) Quaternary Research , vol.8 , pp. 64-96
    • Bernabo, J.C.1    Webb T. III2
  • 21
    • 0001882195 scopus 로고
    • Modern macrofossil assemblages in lake sediments in Minnesota
    • Birks, H.J.B. and West, R.G. (eds) Blackwells, Oxford
    • Birks, H.H. (1973). Modern macrofossil assemblages in lake sediments in Minnesota. In: Birks, H.J.B. and West, R.G. (eds), Quaternary Plant Ecology, pp. 173-189. Blackwells, Oxford.
    • (1973) Quaternary Plant Ecology , pp. 173-189
    • Birks, H.H.1
  • 22
    • 0002037864 scopus 로고
    • Plant macrofossils in Quaternary lake sediments
    • Birks, H.H. (1980). Plant macrofossils in Quaternary lake sediments. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 15, 1-60.
    • (1980) Archiv für Hydrobiologie , vol.15 , pp. 1-60
    • Birks, H.H.1
  • 24
    • 0017203202 scopus 로고
    • Late-Wisconsinan vegetational history at Wolf Creek, central Minnesota
    • Birks, H.J.B. (1976). Late-Wisconsinan vegetational history at Wolf Creek, central Minnesota. Ecological Monographs, 46, 395-429.
    • (1976) Ecological Monographs , vol.46 , pp. 395-429
    • Birks, H.J.B.1
  • 25
    • 0019867918 scopus 로고
    • Late Wisconsin vegetational and climatic history at Kylen Lake, northeastern Minnesota
    • Birks, H.J.B. (1981). Late Wisconsin vegetational and climatic history at Kylen Lake, northeastern Minnesota. Quaternary Research, 16, 322-355.
    • (1981) Quaternary Research , vol.16 , pp. 322-355
    • Birks, H.J.B.1
  • 26
    • 0022226185 scopus 로고
    • Deglaciation chronology and revegetation in northwestern Ontario
    • Björck, S. (1985). Deglaciation chronology and revegetation in northwestern Ontario. Canadian Journal of Botany, 22, 850-871.
    • (1985) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.22 , pp. 850-871
    • Björck, S.1
  • 27
    • 0011385233 scopus 로고
    • Relationships between contemporary pollen and vegetation data from Wisconsin and Michigan, USA
    • Bradshaw, R.H.W. and Webb, T. III. (1985). Relationships between contemporary pollen and vegetation data from Wisconsin and Michigan, USA. Ecology, 69, 45-70.
    • (1985) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 45-70
    • Bradshaw, R.H.W.1    Webb T. III2
  • 30
    • 0001138377 scopus 로고
    • Postglacial forest patterns associated with till and outwash in northcentral upper Michigan
    • Brubaker, L.B. (1975). Postglacial forest patterns associated with till and outwash in northcentral Upper Michigan. Quaternary Research, 5, 499-527.
    • (1975) Quaternary Research , vol.5 , pp. 499-527
    • Brubaker, L.B.1
  • 31
    • 0024228832 scopus 로고
    • Holocene environmental changes in Lily Lake, Minnesota inferred from fossil diatom and pollen assemblages
    • Brugam, R.B., Grimm, E.C. and Eyster-Smith, N.M. (1988). Holocene environmental changes in Lily Lake, Minnesota inferred from fossil diatom and pollen assemblages. Quaternary Research, 30, 53-66.
    • (1988) Quaternary Research , vol.30 , pp. 53-66
    • Brugam, R.B.1    Grimm, E.C.2    Eyster-Smith, N.M.3
  • 32
    • 0026495925 scopus 로고
    • The reflection of deciduous forest communities in leaf litter: Implications for autochthonous litter assemblages from the fossil record
    • Burnham, R.J., Wing, S.L. and Parker, G.G. (1992). The reflection of deciduous forest communities in leaf litter: implications for autochthonous litter assemblages from the fossil record. Paleobiology, 18, 30-49.
    • (1992) Paleobiology , vol.18 , pp. 30-49
    • Burnham, R.J.1    Wing, S.L.2    Parker, G.G.3
  • 33
    • 0011475122 scopus 로고
    • Wisconsin age forests in western Ohio. II. Vegetation and burial conditions
    • Burns, G.W. (1958). Wisconsin age forests in western Ohio. II. Vegetation and burial conditions. Ohio Journal of Science, 58, 220-230.
    • (1958) Ohio Journal of Science , vol.58 , pp. 220-230
    • Burns, G.W.1
  • 36
    • 0000810541 scopus 로고
    • Geology and paleontology of two late Wisconsin sites in western New York State
    • Calkin, P.E. and McAndrews, J.H. (1980). Geology and paleontology of two late Wisconsin sites in western New York State. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 91, 295-306.
    • (1980) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.91 , pp. 295-306
    • Calkin, P.E.1    McAndrews, J.H.2
  • 38
    • 84947318637 scopus 로고
    • Locally weighted regression: An approach to regression analysis by local fitting
    • Cleveland, W.S. and Devlin, S.J. (1988). Locally weighted regression: an approach to regression analysis by local fitting. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 83, 596-610.
    • (1988) Journal of the American Statistical Association , vol.83 , pp. 596-610
    • Cleveland, W.S.1    Devlin, S.J.2
  • 39
    • 0024197044 scopus 로고
    • Climatic changes of the last 18,000 years: Observations and model simulations
    • COHMAP Members. (1988). Climatic changes of the last 18,000 years: observations and model simulations. Science, 241, 1043-1052.
    • (1988) Science , vol.241 , pp. 1043-1052
  • 40
    • 0011475123 scopus 로고
    • Reconstruction of a late-Pleistocene biotic community in Minneapolis, Minn
    • Cooper, W.S. and Foot, H. (1932). Reconstruction of a late-Pleistocene biotic community in Minneapolis, Minn. Ecology, 13, 63-72.
    • (1932) Ecology , vol.13 , pp. 63-72
    • Cooper, W.S.1    Foot, H.2
  • 41
    • 0001905799 scopus 로고
    • Pollen influx to laminated sediments: A pollen diagram from northeastern Minnesota
    • Craig, A.J. (1972). Pollen influx to laminated sediments: a pollen diagram from northeastern Minnesota. Ecology, 53, 46-57.
    • (1972) Ecology , vol.53 , pp. 46-57
    • Craig, A.J.1
  • 42
    • 0002724444 scopus 로고
    • Impact of the Pleistocene on the genetic structure of North American conifers
    • Lanner, R.M. (ed.) Utah State University, Logan, UT
    • Critchfield, W.B. (1984). Impact of the Pleistocene on the genetic structure of North American conifers. In: Lanner, R.M. (ed.), Proceedings of the Eighth North American Forest Biology Workshop, pp. 70-118. Utah State University, Logan, UT.
    • (1984) Proceedings of the Eighth North American Forest Biology Workshop , pp. 70-118
    • Critchfield, W.B.1
  • 43
    • 0004262572 scopus 로고
    • University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin
    • Curtis, J.T. (1959). The Vegetation of Wisconsin. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin.
    • (1959) The Vegetation of Wisconsin
    • Curtis, J.T.1
  • 44
    • 0001007023 scopus 로고
    • Redeposited pollen in late-Wisconsin pollen spectra from east-central Minnesota
    • Cushing, E.J. (1964). Redeposited pollen in late-Wisconsin pollen spectra from east-central Minnesota. American Journal of Science, 262, 1075-1088.
    • (1964) American Journal of Science , vol.262 , pp. 1075-1088
    • Cushing, E.J.1
  • 45
    • 0022178511 scopus 로고
    • Historical changes in submerged macrophyte communities of upper Chesapeake Bay
    • Davis, F.W. (1985). Historical changes in submerged macrophyte communities of Upper Chesapeake Bay. Ecology, 66, 981-993.
    • (1985) Ecology , vol.66 , pp. 981-993
    • Davis, F.W.1
  • 46
    • 0001390012 scopus 로고
    • Climatic changes in southern Connecticut recorded by pollen deposition at Rogers Lake
    • Davis, M.B. (1969). Climatic changes in southern Connecticut recorded by pollen deposition at Rogers Lake. Ecology, 50, 409-422.
    • (1969) Ecology , vol.50 , pp. 409-422
    • Davis, M.B.1
  • 47
    • 0001957456 scopus 로고
    • Pleistocene biogeography of temperate deciduous forests
    • Davis, M.B. (1976). Pleistocene biogeography of temperate deciduous forests. Geoscience and Man, 13, 13-26.
    • (1976) Geoscience and Man , vol.13 , pp. 13-26
    • Davis, M.B.1
  • 48
    • 0021632056 scopus 로고
    • Holocene vegetational history of the eastern United States
    • Wright, H.E. Jr (ed.) University of Minnesota Press, MN
    • Davis, M.B. (1983). Holocene vegetational history of the eastern United States. In: Wright, H.E. Jr (ed.), Late-Quaternary Environments of the United States. Volume 2. The Holocene, pp. 166-181. University of Minnesota Press, MN.
    • (1983) Late-quaternary Environments of the United States. Volume 2. The Holocene , pp. 166-181
    • Davis, M.B.1
  • 49
    • 0023527577 scopus 로고
    • Invasions of forest communities during the Holocene: Beech and hemlock in the Great Lakes region
    • Gray, A.J., Crawley, M.J. and Edwards, P.J. (eds) Blackwell Scientific, Oxford
    • Davis, M.B. (1987). Invasions of forest communities during the Holocene: beech and hemlock in the Great Lakes region. In: Gray, A.J., Crawley, M.J. and Edwards, P.J. (eds), Colonization, Succession, and Stability, pp. 373-393. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford.
    • (1987) Colonization, Succession, and Stability , pp. 373-393
    • Davis, M.B.1
  • 51
    • 0026312095 scopus 로고
    • Detecting a species limit from pollen in sediments
    • Davis, M.B., Schwartz, M.W., and Woods, K. (1991). Detecting a species limit from pollen in sediments. Journal of Biogeography, 18, 653-668.
    • (1991) Journal of Biogeography , vol.18 , pp. 653-668
    • Davis, M.B.1    Schwartz, M.W.2    Woods, K.3
  • 52
    • 0028586442 scopus 로고
    • Historical development of alternate communities in a hemlock-hardwood forest in northern Michigan, USA
    • Edwards, P.J., May, R. and Webb, N.R. (eds) Blackwell Scientific, Oxford
    • Davis, M.B., Sugita, S., Calcote, R.R., Ferrari, J.B. and Frelich, L.E. (1994). Historical development of alternate communities in a hemlock-hardwood forest in northern Michigan, USA. In: Edwards, P.J., May, R. and Webb, N.R. (eds), Large-scale Ecology and Conservation Biology, pp. 19-39. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford.
    • (1994) Large-scale Ecology and Conservation Biology , pp. 19-39
    • Davis, M.B.1    Sugita, S.2    Calcote, R.R.3    Ferrari, J.B.4    Frelich, L.E.5
  • 53
    • 0000861196 scopus 로고
    • The contemporary distribution of pollen in eastern North America: A comparison with the vegetation
    • Davis, R.B. and Webb, T. III (1975). The contemporary distribution of pollen in eastern North America: a comparison with the vegetation. Quaternary Research, 5, 395-431.
    • (1975) Quaternary Research , vol.5 , pp. 395-431
    • Davis, R.B.1    Webb T. III2
  • 54
    • 49549143116 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation and associated environments during the past 14,000 years near Moulton Pond Maine
    • Davis, R.B., Bradstreet, T.E., Stuckenrath, R., Jr and Borns, H.W., Jr (1975). Vegetation and associated environments during the past 14,000 years near Moulton Pond Maine. Quaternary Research, 5, 436-465.
    • (1975) Quaternary Research , vol.5 , pp. 436-465
    • Davis, R.B.1    Bradstreet, T.E.2    Stuckenrath R., Jr.3    Borns H.W., Jr.4
  • 55
    • 0002619062 scopus 로고
    • Note sur un site à macrorestes végétaux tardiglaciaires au sud-ouest de Montréal Québec
    • Delage, M., Gangloff, P., Larouche, A. and Richard, P.J.H. (1985). Note sur un site à macrorestes végétaux tardiglaciaires au sud-ouest de Montréal Québec., Géographie Physique et Quaternaire, 39, 85-90.
    • (1985) Géographie Physique et Quaternaire , vol.39 , pp. 85-90
    • Delage, M.1    Gangloff, P.2    Larouche, A.3    Richard, P.J.H.4
  • 57
    • 0018696646 scopus 로고
    • Late Quaternary vegetation history of the eastern Highland Rim and adjacent Cumberland Plateau of Tennessee
    • Delcourt, H.R. (1979). Late Quaternary vegetation history of the eastern Highland Rim and adjacent Cumberland Plateau of Tennessee. Ecological Monographs, 49, 255-280.
    • (1979) Ecological Monographs , vol.49 , pp. 255-280
    • Delcourt, H.R.1
  • 58
    • 0022243118 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of taxon calibrations, modern analogue techniques, and forest-stand simulation models for the quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation
    • Delcourt, H.R. and Delcourt, P.A. (1985). Comparison of taxon calibrations, modern analogue techniques, and forest-stand simulation models for the quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 10, 293-304.
    • (1985) Earth Surface Processes and Landforms , vol.10 , pp. 293-304
    • Delcourt, H.R.1    Delcourt, P.A.2
  • 59
    • 0000164180 scopus 로고
    • Forests of the southeastern United States: Quantitative maps for above-ground woody biomass, carbon, and dominance of major tree taxa
    • Delcourt, H.R., West, D.C. and Delcourt, P.A. (1981). Forests of the southeastern United States: quantitative maps for above-ground woody biomass, carbon, and dominance of major tree taxa. Ecology, 62, 879-887.
    • (1981) Ecology , vol.62 , pp. 879-887
    • Delcourt, H.R.1    West, D.C.2    Delcourt, P.A.3
  • 60
    • 0020917104 scopus 로고
    • A 12 000-year record of forest history from Cahaba, Pond St. Clair County, Alabama
    • Delcourt, H.R., Delcourt, P.A. and Spiker, E.G. (1983). A 12 000-year record of forest history from Cahaba, Pond St. Clair County, Alabama. Ecology, 64, 874-887.
    • (1983) Ecology , vol.64 , pp. 874-887
    • Delcourt, H.R.1    Delcourt, P.A.2    Spiker, E.G.3
  • 62
    • 0019184016 scopus 로고
    • Goshen Springs: Late Quaternary vegetation record for southern Alabama
    • Delcourt, P.A. (1980). Goshen Springs: late Quaternary vegetation record for southern Alabama. Ecology, 6, 371-386.
    • (1980) Ecology , vol.6 , pp. 371-386
    • Delcourt, P.A.1
  • 63
    • 0001398665 scopus 로고
    • The Tunica Hills, Louisiana, Mississippi: Late glacial locality for spruce and deciduous forest species
    • Delcourt, P.A. and Delcourt, H.R. (1977). The Tunica Hills, Louisiana, Mississippi: late glacial locality for spruce and deciduous forest species. Quaternary Research, 7, 218-237.
    • (1977) Quaternary Research , vol.7 , pp. 218-237
    • Delcourt, P.A.1    Delcourt, H.R.2
  • 67
    • 0022831830 scopus 로고
    • Holocene ethnobotanical and paleoecological record of human impact on vegetation in the Little Tennessee River Valley Tennessee
    • Delcourt, P.A., Delcourt, H.R., Cridlebaugh, P.A. and Chapman, J. (1986). Holocene ethnobotanical and paleoecological record of human impact on vegetation in the Little Tennessee River Valley Tennessee. Quaternary Research, 25, 330-349.
    • (1986) Quaternary Research , vol.25 , pp. 330-349
    • Delcourt, P.A.1    Delcourt, H.R.2    Cridlebaugh, P.A.3    Chapman, J.4
  • 68
    • 0021863457 scopus 로고
    • Evolution d'un milieu littoral et remontée du niveau relatif de la mer a l'Holocene superieur au nord de l'ile du Cap-Breton, Nouvelle-Ecosse
    • De Vernal, A., Lortie, G., Larouche, A., Scott, D.B. and Richard, P.J.H. (1985). Evolution d'un milieu littoral et remontée du niveau relatif de la mer a l'Holocene superieur au nord de l'ile du Cap-Breton, Nouvelle-Ecosse. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 22, 315-323.
    • (1985) Canadian Journal of Earth Science , vol.22 , pp. 315-323
    • De Vernal, A.1    Lortie, G.2    Larouche, A.3    Scott, D.B.4    Richard, P.J.H.5
  • 69
    • 0022872474 scopus 로고
    • Origine et évolution du marais tourbeux de Keswick, Ontario, par l'analyse pollinique et macrofossile
    • Dinel, H., Richard, P.J.H., Levésque, P.E.M. and Larouche, A. (1986). Origine et évolution du marais tourbeux de Keswick, Ontario, par l'analyse pollinique et macrofossile. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 23, 1145-1155.
    • (1986) Canadian Journal of Earth Science , vol.23 , pp. 1145-1155
    • Dinel, H.1    Richard, P.J.H.2    Levésque, P.E.M.3    Larouche, A.4
  • 70
    • 0000284314 scopus 로고
    • Resin cavity patterns in the needles of black, red and white spruce
    • Duman, M.G. (1957). Resin cavity patterns in the needles of black, red and white spruce. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 84, 388.
    • (1957) Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , vol.84 , pp. 388
    • Duman, M.G.1
  • 71
    • 0023501424 scopus 로고
    • Macrofossil and pollen representation of coniferous trees in modern sediments from Washington
    • Dunwiddie, P.W. (1987). Macrofossil and pollen representation of coniferous trees in modern sediments from Washington. Ecology, 68, 1-11.
    • (1987) Ecology , vol.68 , pp. 1-11
    • Dunwiddie, P.W.1
  • 72
    • 0023490792 scopus 로고
    • Late Wisconsinan and Holocene history of the Laurentide ice sheet
    • Dyke, A.S. and Prest, V.K. (1987). Late Wisconsinan and Holocene history of the Laurentide ice sheet. Géographie Physique et Quaternaire, 41, 237-263.
    • (1987) Géographie Physique et Quaternaire , vol.41 , pp. 237-263
    • Dyke, A.S.1    Prest, V.K.2
  • 73
    • 0026291225 scopus 로고
    • Pollen size of Betula in northern Alaska and the interpretation of late Quaternary vegetation records
    • Edwards, M.E., Dawe, J.C. and Armbruster, W.S. (1991). Pollen size of Betula in northern Alaska and the interpretation of late Quaternary vegetation records. Canadian Journal of Botany. 69, 1666-1672.
    • (1991) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.69 , pp. 1666-1672
    • Edwards, M.E.1    Dawe, J.C.2    Armbruster, W.S.3
  • 74
    • 0011487286 scopus 로고
    • Untersuchungen über die morphologie und ökologie der Pollenkörner heimischer und fremdlänischer waldbäume
    • Eisenhut, G. (1961). Untersuchungen über die Morphologie und Ökologie der Pollenkörner heimischer und fremdlänischer Waldbäume. Forstwissenschaftliche Forschungen, 15, 1-68.
    • (1961) Forstwissenschaftliche Forschungen , vol.15 , pp. 1-68
    • Eisenhut, G.1
  • 75
    • 0022195635 scopus 로고
    • Postglacial vegetational change and soil development in southeastern Labrador as inferred from pollen and chemical stratigraphy
    • Engstrom, D.R. and Hansen, B.C.S. (1985). Postglacial vegetational change and soil development in southeastern Labrador as inferred from pollen and chemical stratigraphy. Canadian Journal of Botany, 63, 543-561.
    • (1985) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.63 , pp. 543-561
    • Engstrom, D.R.1    Hansen, B.C.S.2
  • 77
    • 0011480929 scopus 로고
    • A late-Wisconsin buried soil near Aitkin, Minnesota, and its paleobotanical setting
    • Farnham, R.S., McAndrews, J.H. and Wright, H.E., Jr (1964). A late-Wisconsin buried soil near Aitkin, Minnesota, and its paleobotanical setting. American Journal of Science, 262, 393-412.
    • (1964) American Journal of Science , vol.262 , pp. 393-412
    • Farnham, R.S.1    McAndrews, J.H.2    Wright H.E., Jr.3
  • 78
    • 0001549999 scopus 로고
    • Cary-Port Huron Interstade: Evidence from a buried bryophyte bed, Cheboygan County Michigan
    • Farrand, W.R., Zahner, R. and Benninghoff, W.S. (1969). Cary-Port Huron Interstade: evidence from a buried bryophyte bed, Cheboygan County Michigan. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 123, 249-262.
    • (1969) Geological Society of America Special Paper , vol.123 , pp. 249-262
    • Farrand, W.R.1    Zahner, R.2    Benninghoff, W.S.3
  • 79
    • 0023468508 scopus 로고
    • Holocene development of parabolic dunes in the central St Lawrence lowland, Quebec
    • Filion, L. (1987). Holocene development of parabolic dunes in the central St Lawrence lowland, Quebec. Quaternary Research, 28, 196-209.
    • (1987) Quaternary Research , vol.28 , pp. 196-209
    • Filion, L.1
  • 80
    • 0027878204 scopus 로고
    • Macrofossil and tree-ring evidence for a long-term forest succession and mid-Holocene hemlock decline
    • Filion, L. and Quinty, F. (1993). Macrofossil and tree-ring evidence for a long-term forest succession and mid-Holocene hemlock decline. Quaternary Research, 40, 89-97.
    • (1993) Quaternary Research , vol.40 , pp. 89-97
    • Filion, L.1    Quinty, F.2
  • 81
    • 0011385703 scopus 로고
    • A late Wisconsin buried peat at North Branch, Minnesota
    • Fries, M., Wright, H.E., Jr and Rubin, M. (1961). A late Wisconsin buried peat at North Branch, Minnesota. American Journal of Science, 259, 679-693.
    • (1961) American Journal of Science , vol.259 , pp. 679-693
    • Fries, M.1    Wright H.E., Jr.2    Rubin, M.3
  • 82
    • 0019382086 scopus 로고
    • The northern limits of Glacial Lake Algonquin in Upper Michigan
    • Futyma, R.P. (1981). The northern limits of Glacial Lake Algonquin in Upper Michigan. Quaternary Research, 15, 291-310.
    • (1981) Quaternary Research , vol.15 , pp. 291-310
    • Futyma, R.P.1
  • 83
    • 0022840890 scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphy and genesis of the Lake Sixteeen peatland, northern Michigan
    • Futyma, R.P. and Miller, N.G. (1986). Stratigraphy and genesis of the Lake Sixteeen peatland, northern Michigan. Canadian Journal of Botany, 64, 3008-3019.
    • (1986) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.64 , pp. 3008-3019
    • Futyma, R.P.1    Miller, N.G.2
  • 84
    • 0002219204 scopus 로고
    • Fluctuations Holocenes de la limite des forêts de mélezes, Riviere aux Feuilles, Nouveau-Québec: Une analyse macrofossile en milieu tourbeux
    • Gagnon, R. and Fayette, S. (1981). Fluctuations Holocenes de la limite des forêts de mélezes, Riviere aux Feuilles, Nouveau-Québec: une analyse macrofossile en milieu tourbeux. Géographie Physique et Quaternaire, 35, 57-72.
    • (1981) Géographie Physique et Quaternaire , vol.35 , pp. 57-72
    • Gagnon, R.1    Fayette, S.2
  • 85
    • 0027101613 scopus 로고
    • Analyses macrofossiles d'un dépôt de tourbe dans la région de Hot Weather Creek, Péninsule de Fosheim, Île d'Ellesmere, territoires du Nord-Ouest
    • Garneau, M. (1992). Analyses macrofossiles d'un dépôt de tourbe dans la région de Hot Weather Creek, Péninsule de Fosheim, Île d'Ellesmere, Territoires du Nord-Ouest. Géographie physique et Quaternaire, 46, 285-294.
    • (1992) Géographie Physique et Quaternaire , vol.46 , pp. 285-294
    • Garneau, M.1
  • 86
    • 0027071991 scopus 로고
    • Holocene vegetation history of the boreal forest near Chibougamau, central Quebec
    • Garralla, S. and Gajewski, K. (1992). Holocene vegetation history of the boreal forest near Chibougamau, central Quebec. Canadian Journal of Botany, 70, 1364-1368.
    • (1992) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.70 , pp. 1364-1368
    • Garralla, S.1    Gajewski, K.2
  • 87
    • 0023504160 scopus 로고
    • Origin, characteristics, and provenance of plant macrodetritus in a Holocene crevasse splay, Mobile Delta, Alabama
    • Gastaldo, R.A., Douglass, D.P. and McCarroll, S.M. (1987). Origin, characteristics, and provenance of plant macrodetritus in a Holocene crevasse splay, Mobile Delta, Alabama. Palaios, 2, 229-240.
    • (1987) Palaios , vol.2 , pp. 229-240
    • Gastaldo, R.A.1    Douglass, D.P.2    McCarroll, S.M.3
  • 89
    • 0001808562 scopus 로고
    • Paleoecological interpretation of geographic patterns in pollen data: Spruce and birch in northeastern North America
    • Gaudreau, D.C. (1988). Paleoecological interpretation of geographic patterns in pollen data: spruce and birch in northeastern North America. Buffalo Society of Natural History Bulletin, 33, 15-29.
    • (1988) Buffalo Society of Natural History Bulletin , vol.33 , pp. 15-29
    • Gaudreau, D.C.1
  • 90
    • 0022193471 scopus 로고
    • Late-Quaternary pollen stratigraphy and isochrone maps for the northeastern United States
    • Bryant, V.M. and Holloway, R.G. (eds) American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation, Dallas, Texas, USA
    • Gaudreau, D.C. and Webb, T. III. (1985). Late-Quaternary pollen stratigraphy and isochrone maps for the northeastern United States. In: Bryant, V.M. and Holloway, R.G. (eds), Pollen Records of Late-Quaternary North American Sediments, pp. 247-280. American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation, Dallas, Texas, USA.
    • (1985) Pollen Records of Late-quaternary North American Sediments , pp. 247-280
    • Gaudreau, D.C.1    Webb T. III2
  • 91
    • 0023512388 scopus 로고
    • Age and significance of fossil white spruce (Picea glauca) Tunica Hills, Louisiana, Mississippi
    • Givens, C.R. and Givens, F.M. (1987). Age and significance of fossil white spruce (Picea glauca) Tunica Hills, Louisiana, Mississippi. Quaternary Research, 27, 283-296.
    • (1987) Quaternary Research , vol.27 , pp. 283-296
    • Givens, C.R.1    Givens, F.M.2
  • 93
    • 0019683594 scopus 로고
    • Transport and deposition of leaves and seeds on tundra: A late-glacial analog
    • Glaser, P.H. (1981). Transport and deposition of leaves and seeds on tundra: a late-glacial analog. Arctic and Alpine Research, 13, 173-182.
    • (1981) Arctic and Alpine Research , vol.13 , pp. 173-182
    • Glaser, P.H.1
  • 94
    • 0011385412 scopus 로고
    • Wisconsin age forests in western Ohio. 1. Age and glacial events
    • Goldthwait, R.P. (1958). Wisconsin age forests in western Ohio. 1. Age and glacial events. Ohio Journal of Science, 58, 209-219.
    • (1958) Ohio Journal of Science , vol.58 , pp. 209-219
    • Goldthwait, R.P.1
  • 95
    • 0001442952 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient content of litter fall on the Hubbard Brook experimental forest New Hampshire
    • Gosz, J.R., Likens, G.E. and Bormann, F.H. (1972). Nutrient content of litter fall on the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest New Hampshire. Ecology, 53, 769-784.
    • (1972) Ecology , vol.53 , pp. 769-784
    • Gosz, J.R.1    Likens, G.E.2    Bormann, F.H.3
  • 96
    • 0000945032 scopus 로고
    • Paleoecological aspects of the Red Lake Peatland, northern Minnesota
    • Griffin, K.O. (1977). Paleoecological aspects of the Red Lake Peatland, northern Minnesota. Canadian Journal of Botany, 55, 172-192.
    • (1977) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.55 , pp. 172-192
    • Griffin, K.O.1
  • 97
    • 0000979028 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the late Quaternary vegetation history of northeastern Kansas
    • Gruger, J. (1973). Studies on the late Quaternary vegetation history of northeastern Kansas. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 84, 239-250.
    • (1973) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.84 , pp. 239-250
    • Gruger, J.1
  • 98
    • 0002812798 scopus 로고
    • Holocene pollen stratigraphy from a lake and small hollow in north-central Wisconsin USA
    • Heide, K.M. (1984). Holocene pollen stratigraphy from a lake and small hollow in north-central Wisconsin USA. Palynology, 8, 3-19.
    • (1984) Palynology , vol.8 , pp. 3-19
    • Heide, K.M.1
  • 100
    • 0024876237 scopus 로고
    • Climatic control of the distribution and abundance of beech (Fagus L.) in Europe and North America
    • Huntley, B., Bartlein, P.J. and Prentice, I.C. (1989). Climatic control of the distribution and abundance of beech (Fagus L.) in Europe and North America. Journal of Biogeography, 16, 551-560.
    • (1989) Journal of Biogeography , vol.16 , pp. 551-560
    • Huntley, B.1    Bartlein, P.J.2    Prentice, I.C.3
  • 102
    • 0018204193 scopus 로고
    • Late Wisconsinan wood and other tree remains in the Presumpscot Formation, Portland, Maine
    • Hyland, P., Thompson, W.B. and Stuckenrath, R., Jr (1978). Late Wisconsinan wood and other tree remains in the Presumpscot Formation, Portland, Maine.. Maritime Sediments, 14, 103-120.
    • (1978) Maritime Sediments , vol.14 , pp. 103-120
    • Hyland, P.1    Thompson, W.B.2    Stuckenrath R., Jr.3
  • 103
    • 0002568956 scopus 로고
    • Pollen separation of three North American birches
    • Ives, J.W. (1977). Pollen separation of three North American birches. Arctic and Alpine Research, 9, 73-80.
    • (1977) Arctic and Alpine Research , vol.9 , pp. 73-80
    • Ives, J.W.1
  • 105
    • 38249018043 scopus 로고
    • Pollen source area and representation in small lakes of the northeastern United States
    • Jackson, S.T. (1990). Pollen source area and representation in small lakes of the northeastern United States. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 63, 53-76.
    • (1990) Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology , vol.63 , pp. 53-76
    • Jackson, S.T.1
  • 106
    • 84986793628 scopus 로고
    • Pollen representation of vegetational patterns along an elevational gradient
    • Jackson, S.T. (1991). Pollen representation of vegetational patterns along an elevational gradient. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2, 613-624.
    • (1991) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.2 , pp. 613-624
    • Jackson, S.T.1
  • 107
    • 0028557706 scopus 로고
    • Late Wisconsinan vegetation and environment of the Tunica Hills region Louisiana/Mississippi
    • Jackson, S.T. and Givens, C.R. (1994). Late Wisconsinan vegetation and environment of the Tunica Hills region Louisiana/Mississippi.. Quaternary Research, 41, 316-325.
    • (1994) Quaternary Research , vol.41 , pp. 316-325
    • Jackson, S.T.1    Givens, C.R.2
  • 108
    • 0028159730 scopus 로고
    • Pollen dispersal and representation on an isolated, forested plateau
    • Jackson, S.T. and Smith, S.J. (1994). Pollen dispersal and representation on an isolated, forested plateau. New Phytologist, 128, 181-193.
    • (1994) New Phytologist , vol.128 , pp. 181-193
    • Jackson, S.T.1    Smith, S.J.2
  • 109
    • 0025994541 scopus 로고
    • Holocene vegetation patterns in the Adirondack Mountains
    • Jackson, S.T. and Whitehead, D.R. (1991). Holocene vegetation patterns in the Adirondack Mountains. Ecology, 72, 641-653.
    • (1991) Ecology , vol.72 , pp. 641-653
    • Jackson, S.T.1    Whitehead, D.R.2
  • 110
    • 0027511084 scopus 로고
    • Pollen and plant macrofossils from Wisconsinan interstadial sediments in northeastern Georgia
    • Jackson, S.T. and Whitehead, D.R. (1993). Pollen and plant macrofossils from Wisconsinan interstadial sediments in northeastern Georgia. Quaternary Research, 39, 99-106.
    • (1993) Quaternary Research , vol.39 , pp. 99-106
    • Jackson, S.T.1    Whitehead, D.R.2
  • 111
    • 0022830193 scopus 로고
    • Late-glacial and early Holocene vegetational history at the Kolarik Mastodon Site, northwestern Indiana
    • Jackson, S.T., Whitehead, D.R. and Ellis, G.D. (1986). Late-glacial and early Holocene vegetational history at the Kolarik Mastodon Site, northwestern Indiana. American Midland Naturalist, 115, 361-373.
    • (1986) American Midland Naturalist , vol.115 , pp. 361-373
    • Jackson, S.T.1    Whitehead, D.R.2    Ellis, G.D.3
  • 112
    • 0024183050 scopus 로고
    • A paleoecological test of a classical hydrosere in the Lake Michigan Dunes
    • Jackson, S.T., Futyma, R.P. and Wilcox, D.A. (1988). A paleoecological test of a classical hydrosere in the Lake Michigan Dunes. Ecology, 69, 928-936.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 928-936
    • Jackson, S.T.1    Futyma, R.P.2    Wilcox, D.A.3
  • 113
    • 0000807743 scopus 로고
    • The palaeoecology of white pine (Pinus strobus) in Minnesota
    • Jacobson, G.L., Jr (1979). The palaeoecology of white pine (Pinus strobus) in Minnesota. Journal of Ecology, 67, 697-726.
    • (1979) Journal of Ecology , vol.67 , pp. 697-726
    • Jacobson G.L., Jr.1
  • 115
    • 0001422322 scopus 로고
    • Myrtle Lake: A late-and postglacial pollen diagram from northern Minnesota
    • Janssen, C.R. (1968). Myrtle Lake: a late-and postglacial pollen diagram from northern Minnesota. Canadian Journal of Botany, 46, 1397-1410.
    • (1968) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.46 , pp. 1397-1410
    • Janssen, C.R.1
  • 117
    • 0027079775 scopus 로고
    • Contribution à l'histoire postglaciaire de la végétation en Gaspésie méridionale, Québec
    • Jetté, H. and Richard, P.J.H. (1992). Contribution à l'histoire postglaciaire de la végétation en Gaspésie méridionale, Québec. Géographie Physique et Quaternaire, 46, 273-284.
    • (1992) Géographie Physique et Quaternaire , vol.46 , pp. 273-284
    • Jetté, H.1    Richard, P.J.H.2
  • 118
    • 0011475319 scopus 로고
    • Late-glacial pollen and macrofossils associated with the Rappuhn Mastodont (Lapeer County Michigan)
    • Kapp, R.O. (1986). Late-glacial pollen and macrofossils associated with the Rappuhn Mastodont (Lapeer County Michigan). American Midland Naturalist, 116, 368-377.
    • (1986) American Midland Naturalist , vol.116 , pp. 368-377
    • Kapp, R.O.1
  • 121
    • 0346451940 scopus 로고
    • Ice, lakes and plants, 13,000 to 10,000 years B.P.: The Erie-Ontario lobe in Ontario
    • Karrow, P.F. and Warner, B.C. (1988). Ice, lakes and plants, 13,000 to 10,000 years B.P.: the Erie-Ontario lobe in Ontario. Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences Bulletin, 33, 39-52.
    • (1988) Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences Bulletin , vol.33 , pp. 39-52
    • Karrow, P.F.1    Warner, B.C.2
  • 122
    • 0002493216 scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphy, paleontology, and age of Lake Algonquin sediments in southwestern Ontario, Canada
    • Karrow, P.F., Anderson, T.W., Clarke, A.H., Delorme, L.D. and Sreenivasa, M.R. (1975). Stratigraphy, paleontology, and age of Lake Algonquin sediments in southwestern Ontario, Canada.. Quaternary Research, 5, 49-87.
    • (1975) Quaternary Research , vol.5 , pp. 49-87
    • Karrow, P.F.1    Anderson, T.W.2    Clarke, A.H.3    Delorme, L.D.4    Sreenivasa, M.R.5
  • 126
    • 0027511025 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation and pollen relationships in eastern Canada
    • King, G.A. (1993). Vegetation and pollen relationships in eastern Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany, 71, 193-210.
    • (1993) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.71 , pp. 193-210
    • King, G.A.1
  • 127
    • 0000284742 scopus 로고
    • Late Pleistocene palynology and biogeography of the western Missouri Ozarks
    • King, J.E. (1973). Late Pleistocene palynology and biogeography of the western Missouri Ozarks. Ecological Monographs, 43, 539-565.
    • (1973) Ecological Monographs , vol.43 , pp. 539-565
    • King, J.E.1
  • 128
    • 0002962147 scopus 로고
    • Late Quaternary vegetational history of Illinois
    • King, J.E. (1981). Late Quaternary vegetational history of Illinois. Ecological Monographs, 51, 43-62.
    • (1981) Ecological Monographs , vol.51 , pp. 43-62
    • King, J.E.1
  • 129
    • 0027794335 scopus 로고
    • Late-Quaternary climate in the Ridge and Valley of Virginia, U.S.: Changes in vegetation and depositional environment
    • Kneller, M. and Peteet, D.M. (1993). Late-Quaternary climate in the Ridge and Valley of Virginia, U.S.: changes in vegetation and depositional environment. Quaternary Science Reviews, 12, 613-628.
    • (1993) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.12 , pp. 613-628
    • Kneller, M.1    Peteet, D.M.2
  • 130
    • 0011434202 scopus 로고
    • Radiocarbon-dated organic sediment near Herbert Saskatchewan
    • Kupsch, W.O. (1960). Radiocarbon-dated organic sediment near Herbert Saskatchewan. American Journal of Science, 258, 282-292.
    • (1960) American Journal of Science , vol.258 , pp. 282-292
    • Kupsch, W.O.1
  • 131
    • 0002852398 scopus 로고
    • Simulated climatic changes: Results of the COHMAP climate-model experiments
    • Wright, H.E., Jr, Kutzbach, J.E., Webb, T. III, Ruddiman, W.F., Street-Perrott, F.A. and Bartlein, P.J. (eds) University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN
    • Kutzbach, J.E., Guetter, P.J., Behling, P.J. and Selin, R. (1993). Simulated climatic changes: results of the COHMAP climate-model experiments. In: Wright, H.E., Jr, Kutzbach, J.E., Webb, T. III, Ruddiman, W.F., Street-Perrott, F.A. and Bartlein, P.J. (eds), Global Climates Since the Last Glacial Maximum, pp. 24-93. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN.
    • (1993) Global Climates Since the Last Glacial Maximum , pp. 24-93
    • Kutzbach, J.E.1    Guetter, P.J.2    Behling, P.J.3    Selin, R.4
  • 132
    • 0019738855 scopus 로고
    • Végétation tardiglaciaire et postglaciaire au sud-est du Parc des Laurentides, Québec
    • Labelle, C. and Richard, P.J.H. (1981). Végétation tardiglaciaire et postglaciaire au sud-est du Parc des Laurentides, Québec. Géographie Physique et Quaternaire, 35, 345-359.
    • (1981) Géographie Physique et Quaternaire , vol.35 , pp. 345-359
    • Labelle, C.1    Richard, P.J.H.2
  • 133
    • 0000860931 scopus 로고
    • Histoire postglaciaire de la végétation dans la region de Mont-Saint-Pierre, Gaspésie, Québec
    • Labelle, C. and Richard, P.J.H. (1984). Histoire postglaciaire de la végétation dans la region de Mont-Saint-Pierre, Gaspésie, Québec. Géographie Physique et Quaternaire, 38, 257-274.
    • (1984) Géographie Physique et Quaternaire , vol.38 , pp. 257-274
    • Labelle, C.1    Richard, P.J.H.2
  • 134
    • 0008673186 scopus 로고
    • Variability of the precipitation process in time and space
    • Campbell, S.A. (ed.) American Society for Testing and Materials STP, 823
    • Landsberg, H.E. (1983) Variability of the precipitation process in time and space. In: Campbell, S.A. (ed.), Sampling and Analysis of Rain, pp. 2-9. American Society for Testing and Materials STP, 823.
    • (1983) Sampling and Analysis of Rain , pp. 2-9
    • Landsberg, H.E.1
  • 138
    • 0027101175 scopus 로고
    • The problem of pattern and scale in ecology
    • Levin, S.A. (1992). The problem of pattern and scale in ecology. Ecology, 73, 1943-1967.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 1943-1967
    • Levin, S.A.1
  • 139
    • 0003076141 scopus 로고
    • Concepts of scale at the local level
    • Ehleringer, J.R. and Field, C.B. (eds) Academic Press, San Diego, CA
    • Levin, S.A. (1993), Concepts of scale at the local level. In: Ehleringer, J.R. and Field, C.B. (eds), Scaling Physiological Processes: Leaf to Globe, pp. 7-19. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
    • (1993) Scaling Physiological Processes: Leaf to Globe , pp. 7-19
    • Levin, S.A.1
  • 141
    • 0011434901 scopus 로고
    • Late-glacial and postglacial vegetation from Gillis Lake in Richmond County, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia
    • Livingstone, D.A. and Livingstone, B.G.R. (1958). Late-glacial and postglacial vegetation from Gillis Lake in Richmond County, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. American Journal of Science, 256, 341-359.
    • (1958) American Journal of Science , vol.256 , pp. 341-359
    • Livingstone, D.A.1    Livingstone, B.G.R.2
  • 142
    • 0025243248 scopus 로고
    • Holocene paleoecology of the boreal forest and Great Lakes-St. Lawrence forest in northern Ontario
    • Liu, K.B. (1990). Holocene paleoecology of the boreal forest and Great Lakes-St. Lawrence forest in northern Ontario. Ecological Monographs, 60, 179-212,
    • (1990) Ecological Monographs , vol.60 , pp. 179-212
    • Liu, K.B.1
  • 143
    • 0000864066 scopus 로고
    • Testing contemporaneity and averaging radiocarbon dates
    • Long, A. and Rippeteau, B. (1974). Testing contemporaneity and averaging radiocarbon dates. American Antiquity, 39, 205-215.
    • (1974) American Antiquity , vol.39 , pp. 205-215
    • Long, A.1    Rippeteau, B.2
  • 144
    • 0002397232 scopus 로고
    • The palynology of Devils Lake, Sauk County, Wisconsin
    • Ostrom, M.E. (ed.) Field Trip Guide Book 5. Geological and Natural History Survey, University of Wisconsin-Extension, Madison, WI
    • Maher, L. (1982). The palynology of Devils Lake, Sauk County, Wisconsin. In: Ostrom, M.E. (ed.), Quaternary History of the Driftless Area, pp. 119-135. Field Trip Guide Book 5. Geological and Natural History Survey, University of Wisconsin-Extension, Madison, WI.
    • (1982) Quaternary History of the Driftless Area , pp. 119-135
    • Maher, L.1
  • 145
    • 0028869254 scopus 로고
    • Végétation et fluctuations climatiques postglaciaires sur la côte septentrionale gaspésienne Québec
    • Marcoux, N. and Richard, P.J.H. (1995). Végétation et fluctuations climatiques postglaciaires sur la côte septentrionale gaspésienne Québec. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 32, 79-96.
    • (1995) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.32 , pp. 79-96
    • Marcoux, N.1    Richard, P.J.H.2
  • 146
    • 0027428196 scopus 로고
    • Accelerator-mass-spectrometer ages for the Younger Dryas event in Atlantic Canada
    • Mayle, F.E., Levesque, A.J. and Cwynar, L.C. (1993). Accelerator-mass-spectrometer ages for the Younger Dryas event in Atlantic Canada. Quaternary Research, 39, 355-360.
    • (1993) Quaternary Research , vol.39 , pp. 355-360
    • Mayle, F.E.1    Levesque, A.J.2    Cwynar, L.C.3
  • 147
    • 0001664811 scopus 로고
    • Postglacial history of prairie, savanna, and forest in northwestern Minnesota
    • McAndrews, J.H. (1966). Postglacial history of prairie, savanna, and forest in northwestern Minnesota. Torrey Botanical Club Memoirs, 22, 1-72.
    • (1966) Torrey Botanical Club Memoirs , vol.22 , pp. 1-72
    • McAndrews, J.H.1
  • 149
    • 0000037533 scopus 로고
    • Paleobotany of a wild rice lake in Minnesota
    • McAndrews, J.H. (1969). Paleobotany of a wild rice lake in Minnesota. Canadian Journal of Botany, 47, 1671-1679.
    • (1969) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.47 , pp. 1671-1679
    • McAndrews, J.H.1
  • 150
    • 0019353118 scopus 로고
    • Late Quaternary climate of Ontario: Temperature trends from the fossil pollen record
    • Mahaney, W.C. (ed.) Geo Abstracts, Norwich
    • McAndrews, J.H. (1981). Late Quaternary climate of Ontario: temperature trends from the fossil pollen record. In: Mahaney, W.C. (ed.), Quaternary Paleoclimate, pp. 319-332. Geo Abstracts, Norwich.
    • (1981) Quaternary Paleoclimate , pp. 319-332
    • McAndrews, J.H.1
  • 151
    • 0002206808 scopus 로고
    • Holocene environment of a fossil bison from Kenora Ontario
    • McAndrews, J.H. (1982). Holocene environment of a fossil bison from Kenora Ontario. Ontario Archaeology, 37, 41-51.
    • (1982) Ontario Archaeology , vol.37 , pp. 41-51
    • McAndrews, J.H.1
  • 152
    • 12944251555 scopus 로고
    • Late Quaternary vegetation history of Rice Lake, Ontario, and the McIntyre Archaeological Site
    • McAndrews, J.H. (1984). Late Quaternary vegetation history of Rice Lake, Ontario, and the McIntyre Archaeological Site. Archaeological Survey of Canada Paper, 126, 161-189.
    • (1984) Archaeological Survey of Canada Paper , vol.126 , pp. 161-189
    • McAndrews, J.H.1
  • 153
    • 0002474357 scopus 로고
    • 6 Ka mean July temperature in eastern Canada from Bartlein and Webb's (1985) pollen transfer functions: Comments and illustrations
    • Telka, A. (ed.) Canadian Global Change Program Incidental Report Series IR93-3. Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
    • McAndrews, J.H. and Campbell, I.D. (1993). 6 ka mean July temperature in eastern Canada from Bartlein and Webb's (1985) pollen transfer functions: comments and illustrations. In: Telka, A. (ed.), Proxy Climate Data and Models of the Six Thousand Years Before Present Time Interval: the Canadian Perspective, pp. 22-25. Canadian Global Change Program Incidental Report Series IR93-3. Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
    • (1993) Proxy Climate Data and Models of the Six Thousand Years Before Present Time Interval: The Canadian Perspective , pp. 22-25
    • McAndrews, J.H.1    Campbell, I.D.2
  • 154
    • 0020391075 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation history of the Hudson Bay lowland: A postglacial pollen diagram from the Sutton Ridge
    • McAndrews, J.H., Riley, J.L. and Davis, A.M. (1982). Vegetation history of the Hudson Bay lowland: a postglacial pollen diagram from the Sutton Ridge. Naturaliste Canadien, 109, 597-608.
    • (1982) Naturaliste Canadien , vol.109 , pp. 597-608
    • McAndrews, J.H.1    Riley, J.L.2    Davis, A.M.3
  • 155
    • 0011386915 scopus 로고
    • Paleoecology of Crystal Marsh, Montcalm County, based on macrofossil and pollen analysis
    • McMurray, M., Kloos, G., Kapp, R. and Sullivan, K. (1978). Paleoecology of Crystal Marsh, Montcalm County, based on macrofossil and pollen analysis. Michigan Academician, 10, 403-417.
    • (1978) Michigan Academician , vol.10 , pp. 403-417
    • McMurray, M.1    Kloos, G.2    Kapp, R.3    Sullivan, K.4
  • 156
    • 0019147660 scopus 로고
    • Changes in spruce composition following burial in lake sediments for 10,000 yr.
    • Meyers, P.A., Leenheer, M.J., Erstfield, K.M. and Bourbonniere, R.A. (1980). Changes in spruce composition following burial in lake sediments for 10,000 yr. Nature, 287, 534-536.
    • (1980) Nature , vol.287 , pp. 534-536
    • Meyers, P.A.1    Leenheer, M.J.2    Erstfield, K.M.3    Bourbonniere, R.A.4
  • 157
    • 0011429968 scopus 로고
    • Late-glacial plants and plant communities in northwestern New York state
    • Miller, N.G. (1973). Late-glacial plants and plant communities in northwestern New York state. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, 54, 123-159.
    • (1973) Journal of the Arnold Arboretum , vol.54 , pp. 123-159
    • Miller, N.G.1
  • 158
    • 0001880547 scopus 로고
    • Studies of North American Quaternary bryophyte subfossils. 1. A new moss assemblage from the two creeks forest bed of Wisconsin
    • Miller, N.G. (1976). Studies of North American Quaternary bryophyte subfossils. 1. A new moss assemblage from the Two Creeks forest bed of Wisconsin, Farlow Herbarium of Harvard University, Occasional Papers, 9, 21-42.
    • (1976) Farlow Herbarium of Harvard University, Occasional Papers , vol.9 , pp. 21-42
    • Miller, N.G.1
  • 159
    • 0002560794 scopus 로고
    • The late Quaternary Hiscock Site, Genesee County, New York: Paleoecological studies based on pollen and plant macrofossils
    • Miller, N.G. (1988). The late Quaternary Hiscock Site, Genesee County, New York: paleoecological studies based on pollen and plant macrofossils. Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences Bulletin, 33, 83-93.
    • (1988) Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences Bulletin , vol.33 , pp. 83-93
    • Miller, N.G.1
  • 160
    • 0002476413 scopus 로고
    • Pleistocene and Holocene floras of New England as a framework for interpreting aspects of plant rarity
    • Miller, N.G. (1989). Pleistocene and Holocene floras of New England as a framework for interpreting aspects of plant rarity. Rhodora, 91, 49-69.
    • (1989) Rhodora , vol.91 , pp. 49-69
    • Miller, N.G.1
  • 161
    • 0024899213 scopus 로고
    • Structurally preserved leaves of Harrimanella hypnoides (Ericaceae): Paleoecology of a new North American late Pleistocene fossil
    • Miller, N.G. (1989). Structurally preserved leaves of Harrimanella hypnoides (Ericaceae): paleoecology of a new North American late Pleistocene fossil. American Journal of Botany, 76, 1089-1095.
    • (1989) American Journal of Botany , vol.76 , pp. 1089-1095
    • Miller, N.G.1
  • 162
    • 0011385236 scopus 로고
    • Plant macrofossils
    • Morgan, A.V. (ed.) First Joint Meeting, Canadian and American Quaternary Associations, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
    • Miller, N.G. (1990). Plant macrofossils. In: Morgan, A.V. (ed.), Short Course 2: Biological Techniques in Paleoenvironmental Interpretation, pp. 30-72. First Joint Meeting, Canadian and American Quaternary Associations, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
    • (1990) Short Course 2: Biological Techniques in Paleoenvironmental Interpretation , pp. 30-72
    • Miller, N.G.1
  • 163
    • 0011386916 scopus 로고
    • Plant fossils from a Cary-Port Huron interstade deposit and their paleoecological interpretation
    • Miller, N.G. and Benninghoff, W.S. (1969). Plant fossils from a Cary-Port Huron interstade deposit and their paleoecological interpretation. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 123, 225-248.
    • (1969) Geological Society of America Special Paper , vol.123 , pp. 225-248
    • Miller, N.G.1    Benninghoff, W.S.2
  • 164
    • 0023467521 scopus 로고
    • Paleohydrological implications of Holocene peatland development in northern Michigan
    • Miller, N.G. and Futyma, R.P. (1986). Paleohydrological implications of Holocene peatland development in northern Michigan. Quaternary Research, 27, 297-311.
    • (1986) Quaternary Research , vol.27 , pp. 297-311
    • Miller, N.G.1    Futyma, R.P.2
  • 165
    • 0000215478 scopus 로고
    • Boreal and western North American plants in the late Pleistocene of Vermont
    • Miller, N.G. and Thompson, G.G. (1979). Boreal and western North American plants in the late Pleistocene of Vermont. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum., 60, 167-218.
    • (1979) Journal of the Arnold Arboretum , vol.60 , pp. 167-218
    • Miller, N.G.1    Thompson, G.G.2
  • 166
    • 0011386287 scopus 로고
    • Occurrence and radiocarbon date of coniferous wood in Kidder County, North Dakota
    • Miscellaneous Series
    • Moir, D.R. (1958). Occurrence and radiocarbon date of coniferous wood in Kidder County, North Dakota. North Dakota Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Series 10, 108-114.
    • (1958) North Dakota Geological Survey , vol.10 , pp. 108-114
    • Moir, D.R.1
  • 167
    • 0027834190 scopus 로고
    • Glacial Lake Arkona - Whittlesey transition near Leamington, Ontario: Geology, plant, and muskox fossils
    • Morris, T.F., McAndrews, J.H. and Seymour, K.L. (1993). Glacial Lake Arkona - Whittlesey transition near Leamington, Ontario: geology, plant, and muskox fossils. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 30, 2436-2447.
    • (1993) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.30 , pp. 2436-2447
    • Morris, T.F.1    McAndrews, J.H.2    Seymour, K.L.3
  • 168
    • 0002124587 scopus 로고
    • Palynological studies in central Saskatchewan: Pollen stratigraphy from lake sediment sequences
    • Mott, R.J. (1973). Palynological studies in central Saskatchewan: pollen stratigraphy from lake sediment sequences. Geological Survey of Canada Paper, 72-49.
    • (1973) Geological Survey of Canada Paper , pp. 72-149
    • Mott, R.J.1
  • 170
    • 0019352642 scopus 로고
    • Late-glacial paleoenvironments of sites bordering the Champlain Sea based on pollen and macrofossil evidence
    • Mahaney, W.C. (ed.) Geo Abstracts, Norwich
    • Mott, R.J., Anderson T.W. and Matthews, J.V. Jr (1981). Late-glacial paleoenvironments of sites bordering the Champlain Sea based on pollen and macrofossil evidence. In: Mahaney, W.C. (ed.), Quaternary Paleoclimate, pp. 129-172. Geo Abstracts, Norwich.
    • (1981) Quaternary Paleoclimate , pp. 129-172
    • Mott, R.J.1    Anderson, T.W.2    Matthews J.V., Jr.3
  • 173
    • 0001672661 scopus 로고
    • Lamont natural radiocarbon measurements VII
    • Olson, E.A. and Broecker, W.S. (1961). Lamont natural radiocarbon measurements VII. Radiocarbon, 3, 141-175.
    • (1961) Radiocarbon , vol.3 , pp. 141-175
    • Olson, E.A.1    Broecker, W.S.2
  • 175
    • 0011385706 scopus 로고
    • Plant remains associated with mastodon and mammoth remains in central Michigan
    • Oltz, D.F., Jr and Kapp, R.O. (1963). Plant remains associated with mastodon and mammoth remains in central Michigan. American Midland Naturalist, 70, 339-346.
    • (1963) American Midland Naturalist , vol.70 , pp. 339-346
    • Oltz D.F., Jr.1    Kapp, R.O.2
  • 176
    • 0022205024 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative interpretation of fossil pollen spectra: Dissimilarity coefficients and the method of modern analogs
    • Overpeck, J.T., Webb, T. III and Prentice, I.C. (1985). Quantitative interpretation of fossil pollen spectra: dissimilarity coefficients and the method of modern analogs. Quaternary Research, 23, 87-108.
    • (1985) Quaternary Research , vol.23 , pp. 87-108
    • Overpeck, J.T.1    Webb T. III2    Prentice, I.C.3
  • 177
    • 84879889680 scopus 로고
    • Mapping eastern North American vegetation change of the past 18 ka: No-analogs and the future
    • Overpeck, J.T., Webb, R.S. and Webb, T., III (1992). Mapping eastern North American vegetation change of the past 18 ka: No-analogs and the future. Geology, 20, 1071-1074.
    • (1992) Geology , vol.20 , pp. 1071-1074
    • Overpeck, J.T.1    Webb, R.S.2    Webb T. III3
  • 178
    • 0024218712 scopus 로고
    • Late-Holocene development of subarctic ombrotrophic peatlands: Allogenic and autogenic succession
    • Fayette, S. (1988). Late-Holocene development of subarctic ombrotrophic peatlands: allogenic and autogenic succession. Ecology, 69, 516-531.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 516-531
    • Fayette, S.1
  • 179
    • 0027332230 scopus 로고
    • The range limit of boreal tree species in Québec-Labrador: An ecological and palaeoecological interpretation
    • Fayette, S. (1993). The range limit of boreal tree species in Québec-Labrador: an ecological and palaeoecological interpretation. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 79, 7-30.
    • (1993) Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology , vol.79 , pp. 7-30
    • Fayette, S.1
  • 180
    • 0028170266 scopus 로고
    • Ice age paleotopography
    • Peltier, W.R. (1994). Ice age paleotopography. Science, 265, 195-201.
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 195-201
    • Peltier, W.R.1
  • 183
    • 0003268546 scopus 로고
    • Illustrated Flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago
    • Ottawa, Canada
    • Porsild, A.E. (1957). Illustrated Flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. National Museum of Canada Bulletin 46. Ottawa, Canada.
    • (1957) National Museum of Canada Bulletin , vol.46
    • Porsild, A.E.1
  • 184
    • 0026282064 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation and climate change in eastern North America since the last glacial maximum
    • Prentice, I.C., Bartlein, P.J. and Webb, T. III. (1991). Vegetation and climate change in eastern North America since the last glacial maximum. Ecology, 72, 2038-2056.
    • (1991) Ecology , vol.72 , pp. 2038-2056
    • Prentice, I.C.1    Bartlein, P.J.2    Webb T. III3
  • 186
    • 0018715929 scopus 로고
    • Contribution à l'histoire postglaciaire de la végétation au nord-est de la Jamesie, Nouveau-Québec
    • Richard, P.J.H. (1979). Contribution à l'histoire postglaciaire de la végétation au nord-est de la Jamesie, Nouveau-Québec. Géographie Physique et Quaternaire, 33, 93-112.
    • (1979) Géographie Physique et Quaternaire , vol.33 , pp. 93-112
    • Richard, P.J.H.1
  • 189
    • 0028580827 scopus 로고
    • Postglacial palaeophytogeography of the eastern St. Lawrence River Watershed and the climatic signal of the pollen record
    • Richard, P.J.H. (1994). Postglacial palaeophytogeography of the eastern St. Lawrence River Watershed and the climatic signal of the pollen record. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 109, 137-161.
    • (1994) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , vol.109 , pp. 137-161
    • Richard, P.J.H.1
  • 190
    • 0000243395 scopus 로고
    • Histoire postglaciaire de la végétation au lac du Diable, mont Albert Gaspésie, Québec
    • Richard, J.H. and Labelle, C. (1989). Histoire postglaciaire de la végétation au lac du Diable, mont Albert Gaspésie, Québec. Géographie Physique et Quaternaire, 43, 337-354.
    • (1989) Géographie Physique et Quaternaire , vol.43 , pp. 337-354
    • Richard, J.H.1    Labelle, C.2
  • 191
    • 0024921762 scopus 로고
    • La végétation postglaciaire du Temiscamingue, Québec, durant l'épisode glaciolacustre Barlow
    • Richard, J.H. and Larouche, A.C. (1989). La végétation postglaciaire du Temiscamingue, Québec, durant l'épisode glaciolacustre Barlow. Canadian Journal of Botany, 67, 544-558.
    • (1989) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.67 , pp. 544-558
    • Richard, J.H.1    Larouche, A.C.2
  • 192
    • 0006142744 scopus 로고
    • Histoire postglaciaire de la végétation et du climat dans la région de Rimouski, Québec
    • Chapdelaine, C. (ed.) Paléo-Québec, Université de Québec, Montréal, Québec, Canada
    • Richard, P.J.H. and Larouche, A.C. (1994). Histoire postglaciaire de la végétation et du climat dans la région de Rimouski, Québec. In: Chapdelaine, C. (ed.), 1l y a 8000 ans à Rimouski...: Paléoécologie et archéologie d'un site de la culture plano, pp. 49-89. Paléo-Québec, Université de Québec, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
    • (1994) 1l y A 8000 Ans À Rimouski...: Paléoécologie et Archéologie d'un Site de la Culture Plano , pp. 49-89
    • Richard, P.J.H.1    Larouche, A.C.2
  • 193
    • 0020450259 scopus 로고
    • Age de la déglaciation finale et histoire postglaciaire de la végétation dans la partie centrale du Nouveau-Québec
    • Richard, J.H., Larouche, A. and Bouchard, M.A. (1982). Age de la déglaciation finale et histoire postglaciaire de la végétation dans la partie centrale du Nouveau-Québec. Géographie Physique et Quaternaire, 36, 63-90.
    • (1982) Géographie Physique et Quaternaire , vol.36 , pp. 63-90
    • Richard, J.H.1    Larouche, A.2    Bouchard, M.A.3
  • 194
    • 0027040649 scopus 로고
    • Paléophytogéographie et paléoclimats postglaciaires dans l'ouest du Bas-Saint-Laurent Québec
    • Richard, P.J.H., Larouche, A.C. and Lortie, G. (1992). Paléophytogéographie et paléoclimats postglaciaires dans l'ouest du Bas-Saint-Laurent Québec. Géographie Physique et Quaternaire, 46, 151-172.
    • (1992) Géographie Physique et Quaternaire , vol.46 , pp. 151-172
    • Richard, P.J.H.1    Larouche, A.C.2    Lortie, G.3
  • 195
    • 0000706697 scopus 로고
    • Contributions to the Holocene paleoecology of westcentral Canada. I. The Riding Mountain area
    • Ritchie, J.C. (1964). Contributions to the Holocene paleoecology of westcentral Canada. I. The Riding Mountain area. Canadian Journal of Botany, 42, 181-196.
    • (1964) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.42 , pp. 181-196
    • Ritchie, J.C.1
  • 197
    • 0000706698 scopus 로고
    • Contributions to the Holocene paleoecology of westcentral Canada: A late-glacial deposit from the Missouri Coteau
    • Ritchie, J.C. and de Vries, B. (1964). Contributions to the Holocene paleoecology of westcentral Canada: a late-glacial deposit from the Missouri Coteau. Canadian Journal of Botany, 42, 677-692.
    • (1964) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.42 , pp. 677-692
    • Ritchie, J.C.1    De Vries, B.2
  • 198
    • 0001528968 scopus 로고
    • Forests dominated by hemlock (Tsuga canadensis): Distribution as related to site and postsettlement history
    • Rogers, R.S. (1978). Forests dominated by hemlock (Tsuga canadensis): distribution as related to site and postsettlement history. Canadian Journal of Botany, 56, 843-854.
    • (1978) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.56 , pp. 843-854
    • Rogers, R.S.1
  • 199
    • 0001285140 scopus 로고
    • A contribution to the knowledge of the Pleistocene flora of Minnesota
    • Rosendahl, C.O. (1948). A contribution to the knowledge of the Pleistocene flora of Minnesota. Ecology, 29, 284-315.
    • (1948) Ecology , vol.29 , pp. 284-315
    • Rosendahl, C.O.1
  • 201
    • 0011429971 scopus 로고
    • Late-glacial and postglacial plant macrofossils from Gillis Lake, Richmond County Nova Scotia
    • Schofield, W.B. and Robinson, H. (1960). Late-glacial and postglacial plant macrofossils from Gillis Lake, Richmond County Nova Scotia. American Journal of Science, 258, 518-523.
    • (1960) American Journal of Science , vol.258 , pp. 518-523
    • Schofield, W.B.1    Robinson, H.2
  • 203
    • 0022212361 scopus 로고
    • Changes in late Quaternary vegetation and insect communities in southwestern Ontario
    • Schwert, D.P., Anderson, T.W., Morgan, A., Morgan, A.V. and Karrow, P.F. (1985). Changes in late Quaternary vegetation and insect communities in southwestern Ontario. Quaternary Research, 23, 205-226.
    • (1985) Quaternary Research , vol.23 , pp. 205-226
    • Schwert, D.P.1    Anderson, T.W.2    Morgan, A.3    Morgan, A.V.4    Karrow, P.F.5
  • 205
    • 0023499067 scopus 로고
    • Late-glacial vegetational and climatic history of the Allegheny Plateau and the Till Plains of Ohio and Indiana U.S.A
    • Shane, L.C.K. (1987). Late-glacial vegetational and climatic history of the Allegheny Plateau and the Till Plains of Ohio and Indiana U.S.A. Boreas, 16, 1-20.
    • (1987) Boreas , vol.16 , pp. 1-20
    • Shane, L.C.K.1
  • 206
    • 0024846640 scopus 로고
    • Changing palynological methods and their role in three successive interpretations of the late-glacial environments at Bucyrus Bog Ohio, USA
    • Shane, L.C.K. (1989). Changing palynological methods and their role in three successive interpretations of the late-glacial environments at Bucyrus Bog Ohio, USA. Boreas, 18, 297-309.
    • (1989) Boreas , vol.18 , pp. 297-309
    • Shane, L.C.K.1
  • 210
    • 0030427948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiating climatic and sucessional influences on long-term development of a marsh
    • Singer, D.K., Jackson, S.T., Madsen, B.J. and Wilcox, D.A. (1996). Differentiating climatic and sucessional influences on long-term development of a marsh. Ecology, 77, 1765-1778.
    • (1996) Ecology , vol.77 , pp. 1765-1778
    • Singer, D.K.1    Jackson, S.T.2    Madsen, B.J.3    Wilcox, D.A.4
  • 212
    • 0024903107 scopus 로고
    • Late-Quaternary history of high-elevation vegetation in the White Mountains of New Hampshire
    • Spear, R.W. (1989). Late-Quaternary history of high-elevation vegetation in the White Mountains of New Hampshire. Ecological Monographs, 59, 125-151.
    • (1989) Ecological Monographs , vol.59 , pp. 125-151
    • Spear, R.W.1
  • 213
    • 0000213202 scopus 로고
    • A radiocarbon dated pollen diagram from the Allegheny Plateau of New York State
    • Spear, R.W. and Miller, N.G. (1976). A radiocarbon dated pollen diagram from the Allegheny Plateau of New York State. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, 57, 369-403.
    • (1976) Journal of the Arnold Arboretum , vol.57 , pp. 369-403
    • Spear, R.W.1    Miller, N.G.2
  • 214
    • 0028178562 scopus 로고
    • Late Quaternary history of low-and mid-elevation vegetation in the White Mountains of New Hampshire
    • Spear, R.W., Davis, M.B. and Shane, L.C.K. (1994). Late Quaternary history of low-and mid-elevation vegetation in the White Mountains of New Hampshire. Ecological Monographs, 64, 85-109.
    • (1994) Ecological Monographs , vol.64 , pp. 85-109
    • Spear, R.W.1    Davis, M.B.2    Shane, L.C.K.3
  • 215
    • 0024583429 scopus 로고
    • Deglaciation environments and evidence for glaciers of Younger Dryas age in Nova Scotia Canada
    • Stea, R.R. and Mott, R.J. (1989). Deglaciation environments and evidence for glaciers of Younger Dryas age in Nova Scotia Canada. Boreas, 18, 169-187.
    • (1989) Boreas , vol.18 , pp. 169-187
    • Stea, R.R.1    Mott, R.J.2
  • 217
    • 0002890489 scopus 로고
    • Late-glacial and Holocene vegetational history in southeastern Massachusetts: A 14,000 year pollen record
    • Suter, S.M. (1985). Late-glacial and Holocene vegetational history in southeastern Massachusetts: a 14,000 year pollen record. Current Research in the Pleistocene, 2, 87-88.
    • (1985) Current Research in the Pleistocene , vol.2 , pp. 87-88
    • Suter, S.M.1
  • 218
    • 0002755014 scopus 로고
    • Environmental changes during the past 2000 years in north-central Wisconsin: Analysis of pollen, charcoal, and seeds from varved lake sediments
    • Swain, A.M. (1978). Environmental changes during the past 2000 years in north-central Wisconsin: analysis of pollen, charcoal, and seeds from varved lake sediments. Quaternary Research, 10, 55-68.
    • (1978) Quaternary Research , vol.10 , pp. 55-68
    • Swain, A.M.1
  • 219
    • 0026266804 scopus 로고
    • Postglacial vegetation history of oak savanna in southern Ontario
    • Szeicz, J.M. and MacDonald, G.M. (1991). Postglacial vegetation history of oak savanna in southern Ontario. Canadian Journal of Botany, 69, 1507-1519.
    • (1991) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.69 , pp. 1507-1519
    • Szeicz, J.M.1    MacDonald, G.M.2
  • 220
    • 0000431290 scopus 로고
    • Hypsithermal range extension of white pine (Pinus strobus L.) in Quebec, Canada
    • Terasmae, J. and Anderson, T.W. (1970). Hypsithermal range extension of white pine (Pinus strobus L.) in Quebec, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 7, 406-413.
    • (1970) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.7 , pp. 406-413
    • Terasmae, J.1    Anderson, T.W.2
  • 221
    • 0019208162 scopus 로고
    • Late Wisconsin white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) at Brampton Ontario
    • Terasmae, J. and Matthews, H.L. (1980). Late Wisconsin white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) at Brampton Ontario, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 17, 1087-1095.
    • (1980) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.17 , pp. 1087-1095
    • Terasmae, J.1    Matthews, H.L.2
  • 222
    • 0000265787 scopus 로고
    • Western North America. Vegetation dynamics in the western United States: Modes of response to climatic fluctuations
    • Huntley, B. and Webb, T. III (eds) Kluwer, The Hague, The Netherlands
    • Thompson, R.S. (1988). Western North America. Vegetation dynamics in the western United States: modes of response to climatic fluctuations. In: Huntley, B. and Webb, T. III (eds), Vegetation History, pp. 415-458. Kluwer, The Hague, The Netherlands.
    • (1988) Vegetation History , pp. 415-458
    • Thompson, R.S.1
  • 223
    • 0000011543 scopus 로고
    • Climatic changes in the western United States since 18,000 yr B.P.
    • Wright, H.E. Jr, Kutzbach, J.E., Webb, T. III, Ruddiman, W.F., Street-Perrott, F.A. and Bartlein, PJ. (eds) University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MI
    • Thompson, R.S., Whitlock, C., Bartlein, P.J., Harrison, S.P. and Spaulding, W.G. (1993). Climatic changes in the western United States since 18,000 yr B.P. In: Wright, H.E. Jr, Kutzbach, J.E., Webb, T. III, Ruddiman, W.F., Street-Perrott, F.A. and Bartlein, PJ. (eds), Global Climates Since the Last Glacial Maximum, pp. 468-513. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MI.
    • (1993) Global Climates Since the Last Glacial Maximum , pp. 468-513
    • Thompson, R.S.1    Whitlock, C.2    Bartlein, P.J.3    Harrison, S.P.4    Spaulding, W.G.5
  • 224
    • 0021634990 scopus 로고
    • Late-glacial vegetational succession at four coastal sites in northeastern New England: Ecological and phytogeographical aspects
    • Tolonen, K. and Tolonen, M. (1984). Late-glacial vegetational succession at four coastal sites in northeastern New England: ecological and phytogeographical aspects. Annales Botanici Fennici, 21, 59-77.
    • (1984) Annales Botanici Fennici , vol.21 , pp. 59-77
    • Tolonen, K.1    Tolonen, M.2
  • 225
    • 0025059326 scopus 로고
    • Postglacial response of a stream in central Iowa to changes in climate and drainage basin factors
    • Van Nest, J. and Bettis, E.A., III (1990). Postglacial response of a stream in central Iowa to changes in climate and drainage basin factors. Quaternary Research, 33, 73-85.
    • (1990) Quaternary Research , vol.33 , pp. 73-85
    • Van Nest, J.1    Bettis E.A. III2
  • 226
    • 0018697289 scopus 로고
    • Late glacial and postglacial pollen and plant macrofossils from Lake West Okoboji, northwestern Iowa
    • Van Zant, K. (1979). Late glacial and postglacial pollen and plant macrofossils from Lake West Okoboji, northwestern Iowa. Quaternary Research, 12, 358-380.
    • (1979) Quaternary Research , vol.12 , pp. 358-380
    • Van Zant, K.1
  • 227
    • 0011432001 scopus 로고
    • A late-glacial pollen sequence from northeastern Iowa: Sumner Bog revisited
    • Iowa City, Iowa, USA
    • Van Zant, K.L. and Hallberg, G.R. (1976). A late-glacial pollen sequence from northeastern Iowa: Sumner Bog revisited. Iowa Geological Survey Technical Information Series No. 3. Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
    • (1976) Iowa Geological Survey Technical Information , vol.3
    • Van Zant, K.L.1    Hallberg, G.R.2
  • 228
    • 0011386443 scopus 로고
    • Late glacial fossil leaves of Thuja occidentalis from Manitoulin Island Ontario
    • Warner, B.G. (1982). Late Glacial fossil leaves of Thuja occidentalis from Manitoulin Island Ontario. Canadian Journal of Botany. 60, 1352-1356.
    • (1982) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.60 , pp. 1352-1356
    • Warner, B.G.1
  • 229
    • 0021556997 scopus 로고
    • Postglacial paleoecological history of a cedar swamp, Manitoulin Island, Ontario, Canada
    • Warner, B.G., Hebda, R.J. and Hann, B.J. (1984). Postglacial paleoecological history of a cedar swamp, Manitoulin Island, Ontario, Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 45, 301-345.
    • (1984) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , vol.45 , pp. 301-345
    • Warner, B.G.1    Hebda, R.J.2    Hann, B.J.3
  • 230
    • 0023509552 scopus 로고
    • Plant and insect fossils from Nipissing sediments along the Goulais River, southeastern Lake Superior
    • Warner, B.G., Karrow, P.F., Morgan, A.V. and Morgan, A. (1987). Plant and insect fossils from Nipissing sediments along the Goulais River, southeastern Lake Superior. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 24, 1526-1536.
    • (1987) Canadian Journal of Earth Science , vol.24 , pp. 1526-1536
    • Warner, B.G.1    Karrow, P.F.2    Morgan, A.V.3    Morgan, A.4
  • 231
    • 0026284408 scopus 로고
    • Origin of a postglacial kettle-fill sequence near Georgetown, Ontario
    • Warner, B.G., Kubiw, H.J. and Karrow, P.F. (1991a). Origin of a postglacial kettle-fill sequence near Georgetown, Ontario. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 28, 1965-1974.
    • (1991) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.28 , pp. 1965-1974
    • Warner, B.G.1    Kubiw, H.J.2    Karrow, P.F.3
  • 232
    • 0026287302 scopus 로고
    • A postglacial history of vegetation and bog formation at point Escuminac, New Brunswick
    • Warner, B.G., Tolonen, K. and Tolonen, M. (1991). A postglacial history of vegetation and bog formation at Point Escuminac, New Brunswick. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 28, 1572-1582.
    • (1991) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.28 , pp. 1572-1582
    • Warner, B.G.1    Tolonen, K.2    Tolonen, M.3
  • 233
    • 0011478416 scopus 로고
    • Late-glacial plant succession on an abandoned drainageway, northeastern Minnesota, USA
    • Wasylikowa, K. and Wright, H.E., Jr (1970). Late-glacial plant succession on an abandoned drainageway, northeastern Minnesota, USA. Acta Palaeobotanica, 11, 23-44.
    • (1970) Acta Palaeobotanica , vol.11 , pp. 23-44
    • Wasylikowa, K.1    Wright H.E., Jr.2
  • 234
    • 0000449756 scopus 로고
    • A pollen diagram from Mud Lake, Marion County, north-central Florida
    • Watts, W.A. (1969). A pollen diagram from Mud Lake, Marion County, north-central Florida. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 80, 631-642.
    • (1969) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.80 , pp. 631-642
    • Watts, W.A.1
  • 235
    • 0002369665 scopus 로고
    • The full-glacial vegetation of northwestern Georgia
    • Watts, W.A. (1970). The full-glacial vegetation of northwestern Georgia. Ecology, 51, 17-33.
    • (1970) Ecology , vol.51 , pp. 17-33
    • Watts, W.A.1
  • 236
    • 0018592810 scopus 로고
    • Late Quaternary vegetation of central Appalachia and the New Jersey Coastal Plain
    • Watts, W.A. (1979). Late Quaternary vegetation of central Appalachia and the New Jersey Coastal Plain. Ecological Monographs, 49, 427-469.
    • (1979) Ecological Monographs , vol.49 , pp. 427-469
    • Watts, W.A.1
  • 237
    • 0018913788 scopus 로고
    • Late-Quaternary vegetation history at White Pond on the inner Coastal Plain of South Carolina
    • Watts, W.A. (1980). Late-Quaternary vegetation history at White Pond on the inner Coastal Plain of South Carolina. Quaternary Research, 13, 187-199.
    • (1980) Quaternary Research , vol.13 , pp. 187-199
    • Watts, W.A.1
  • 238
    • 0000140611 scopus 로고
    • Pollen, seed, and mollusk analysis of a sediment core from Pickerel Lake, northeastern South Dakota
    • Watts, W.A. and Bright, R.C. (1968). Pollen, seed, and mollusk analysis of a sediment core from Pickerel Lake, northeastern South Dakota. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 79, 855-876.
    • (1968) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.79 , pp. 855-876
    • Watts, W.A.1    Bright, R.C.2
  • 239
    • 0002044261 scopus 로고
    • Environments of Florida in the late Wisconsinan and Holocene
    • Purdy, B.A. (ed.) Telford Press, NJ
    • Watts, W.A. and Hansen, B.C.S. (1988). Environments of Florida in the late Wisconsinan and Holocene. In: Purdy, B.A. (ed.), Wet Site Archaeology, pp. 307-323. Telford Press, NJ.
    • (1988) Wet Site Archaeology , pp. 307-323
    • Watts, W.A.1    Hansen, B.C.S.2
  • 240
    • 0019172576 scopus 로고
    • Late Wisconsin climate of northern Florida and the origin of species-rich deciduous forest
    • Watts, W.A. and Stuiver, M. (1980). Late Wisconsin climate of northern Florida and the origin of species-rich deciduous forest. Science, 210, 325-327.
    • (1980) Science , vol.210 , pp. 325-327
    • Watts, W.A.1    Stuiver, M.2
  • 241
    • 84874174182 scopus 로고
    • Plant macrofossils from Kirchner Marsh, Minnesota-a paleoecological study
    • Watts, W.A. and Winter, T.C. (1966). Plant macrofossils from Kirchner Marsh, Minnesota-a paleoecological study. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 77, 1339-1360.
    • (1966) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.77 , pp. 1339-1360
    • Watts, W.A.1    Winter, T.C.2
  • 242
    • 0000465157 scopus 로고
    • Late-Wisconsin pollen and seed analysis from the Nebraska Sandhills
    • Watts, W.A. and Wright, H.E., Jr (1966). Late-Wisconsin pollen and seed analysis from the Nebraska Sandhills. Ecology, 47, 202-210.
    • (1966) Ecology , vol.47 , pp. 202-210
    • Watts, W.A.1    Wright H.E., Jr.2
  • 243
    • 0026469092 scopus 로고
    • Camel Lake: A 40,000-yr record of vegetational and forest history from northwest Florida
    • Watts, W.A., Hansen, B.C.S. and Grimm, E.C. (1992). Camel Lake: a 40,000-yr record of vegetational and forest history from northwest Florida. Ecology, 73, 1056-1066.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 1056-1066
    • Watts, W.A.1    Hansen, B.C.S.2    Grimm, E.C.3
  • 244
    • 0024248689 scopus 로고
    • Rates of sediment accumulation in pollen cores from small lakes and mires of eastern North America
    • Webb, R.S. and Webb, T. (1988). Rates of sediment accumulation in pollen cores from small lakes and mires of eastern North America. Quaternary Research, 30, 284-297.
    • (1988) Quaternary Research , vol.30 , pp. 284-297
    • Webb, R.S.1    Webb, T.2
  • 245
    • 0027795857 scopus 로고
    • Pollen response-surface estimates of late-Quaternary changes in the moisture balance of the northeastern United States
    • Webb, R.S., Anderson, K.H. and Webb, T. III (1993). Pollen response-surface estimates of late-Quaternary changes in the moisture balance of the northeastern United States. Quaternary Research, 40, 213-227.
    • (1993) Quaternary Research , vol.40 , pp. 213-227
    • Webb, R.S.1    Anderson, K.H.2    Webb T. III3
  • 247
    • 0002177203 scopus 로고
    • A vegetational history from northern Wisconsin: Evidence from modern and fossil pollen
    • Webb, T., III (1974). A vegetational history from northern Wisconsin: evidence from modern and fossil pollen. American Midland Naturalist, 92, 12-32.
    • (1974) American Midland Naturalist , vol.92 , pp. 12-32
    • Webb T. III1
  • 248
    • 0022848811 scopus 로고
    • Is vegetation in equilibrium with climate? How to interpret late-Quaternary pollen data
    • Webb, T., III (1986). Is vegetation in equilibrium with climate? How to interpret late-Quaternary pollen data. Vegetatio, 67, 75-91.
    • (1986) Vegetatio , vol.67 , pp. 75-91
    • Webb T. III1
  • 249
    • 0023480886 scopus 로고
    • The appearance and disappearance of major vegetational assemblages: Long-term vegetational dynamics in eastern North America
    • Webb, T., III (1987). The appearance and disappearance of major vegetational assemblages: long-term vegetational dynamics in eastern North America. Vegetatio, 69, 177-187.
    • (1987) Vegetatio , vol.69 , pp. 177-187
    • Webb T. III1
  • 250
    • 0002738805 scopus 로고
    • Eastern North America
    • Huntley, B. and Webb, T., III (eds) Kluwer, The Hague, The Netherlands
    • Webb, T. III. (1988). Eastern North America. In: Huntley, B. and Webb, T., III (eds), Vegetation History, pp. 385-414. Kluwer, The Hague, The Netherlands.
    • (1988) Vegetation History , pp. 385-414
    • Webb T. III1
  • 251
    • 0002639638 scopus 로고
    • Constructing the past from late-Quaternary pollen data: Temporal resolution and a zoom lens space-time perspective
    • Kidwell, S.M. and Behrensmeyer, A.K. (eds) Paleontological Society, Knoxville, TN
    • Webb, T. III. (1993). Constructing the past from late-Quaternary pollen data: temporal resolution and a zoom lens space-time perspective. In: Kidwell, S.M. and Behrensmeyer, A.K. (eds), Paleontological Society Short Courses in Paleontology 6: Taphonomic Approaches to Time Resolution in Fossil Assemblages, pp. 79-101. Paleontological Society, Knoxville, TN.
    • (1993) Paleontological Society Short Courses in Paleontology 6: Taphonomic Approaches to Time Resolution in Fossil Assemblages , pp. 79-101
    • Webb T. III1
  • 254
    • 0000661644 scopus 로고
    • A mapped history of Holocene vegetation in southern Québec
    • Webb, T., III, Richard, P.J.H. and Mott, R.J. (1983b). A mapped history of Holocene vegetation in southern Québec. Syllogeus, 49, 273-336.
    • (1983) Syllogeus , vol.49 , pp. 273-336
    • Webb T. III1    Richard, P.J.H.2    Mott, R.J.3
  • 255
    • 0001852319 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation, lake levels, and climate in eastern North America for the past 18,000 years
    • Wright, H.E., Jr, Kutzbach, J.E., Webb, T. III, Ruddiman, W.F., Street-Perrott, F.A. and Bartlein, P.J. (eds) University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN
    • Webb, T. III, Bartlein, P.J., Harrison, S.P. and Anderson, K.H. (1993a). Vegetation, lake levels, and climate in eastern North America for the past 18,000 years. In: Wright, H.E., Jr, Kutzbach, J.E., Webb, T. III, Ruddiman, W.F., Street-Perrott, F.A. and Bartlein, P.J. (eds), Global Climates Since the Last Glacial Maximum, pp. 415-467. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN.
    • (1993) Global Climates Since the Last Glacial Maximum , pp. 415-467
    • Webb T. III1    Bartlein, P.J.2    Harrison, S.P.3    Anderson, K.H.4
  • 256
    • 0003080415 scopus 로고
    • Climatic changes during the past 18,000 years: Regional syntheses, mechanisms, and causes
    • Wright, H.E. Jr, Kutzbach, J.E., Webb, T. III, Ruddiman, W.F., Street-Perrott, F.A. Bartlein, P.J. (eds) University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN
    • Webb, T. III, Ruddiman, W.F., Street-Perrott, F.A., Markgraf, V., Kutzbach, J.E., Bartlein, P.J., Wright, H.E. Jr and Prell, W.L. (1993b). Climatic changes during the past 18,000 years: regional syntheses, mechanisms, and causes. In: Wright, H.E. Jr, Kutzbach, J.E., Webb, T. III, Ruddiman, W.F., Street-Perrott, F.A. and Bartlein, P.J. (eds), Global Climates Since the Last Glacial Maximum, pp. 514-535. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, MN.
    • (1993) Global Climates Since the Last Glacial Maximum , pp. 514-535
    • Webb T. III1    Ruddiman, W.F.2    Street-Perrott, F.A.3    Markgraf, V.4    Kutzbach, J.E.5    Bartlein, P.J.6    Wright H.E., Jr.7    Prell, W.L.8
  • 257
    • 0023470995 scopus 로고
    • Cordilleran-boreal taiga and fauna on the central Great Plains of North America, 14,000-18,0000 years ago
    • Wells, P.V. and Stewart, J.D. (1987). Cordilleran-boreal taiga and fauna on the central Great Plains of North America, 14,000-18,0000 years ago. American Midland Naturalist, 118, 94-106.
    • (1987) American Midland Naturalist , vol.118 , pp. 94-106
    • Wells, P.V.1    Stewart, J.D.2
  • 258
    • 0000757292 scopus 로고
    • Fossil pine pollen and full-glacial vegetation in southeastern North Carolina
    • Whitehead, D.R. (1964). Fossil pine pollen and full-glacial vegetation in southeastern North Carolina. Ecology, 45, 767-777.
    • (1964) Ecology , vol.45 , pp. 767-777
    • Whitehead, D.R.1
  • 259
    • 0001275739 scopus 로고
    • Late-Pleistocene vegetational changes in northeastern North Carolina
    • Whitehead, D.R. (1981). Late-Pleistocene vegetational changes in northeastern North Carolina. Ecological Monographs, 51, 451-471.
    • (1981) Ecological Monographs , vol.51 , pp. 451-471
    • Whitehead, D.R.1
  • 261
    • 0020336186 scopus 로고
    • Late-glacial vegetation associated with mastodon and caribou in central Indiana
    • Whitehead, D.R., Jackson, S.T., Sheehan, M.C. and Leyden, B.W. (1982). Late-glacial vegetation associated with mastodon and caribou in central Indiana. Quaternary Research, 17, 241-257.
    • (1982) Quaternary Research , vol.17 , pp. 241-257
    • Whitehead, D.R.1    Jackson, S.T.2    Sheehan, M.C.3    Leyden, B.W.4
  • 265
    • 0011478418 scopus 로고
    • The nipissing flora of the Apostle Islands region
    • Wilson, L.R. (1935). The Nipissing flora of the Apostle Islands region. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 62, 533-535.
    • (1935) Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , vol.62 , pp. 533-535
    • Wilson, L.R.1
  • 266
    • 0011480649 scopus 로고
    • Further fossil studies of the two creeks forest bed, Manitowoc County Wisconsin
    • Wilson, L.R. (1936). Further fossil studies of the Two Creeks Forest Bed, Manitowoc County Wisconsin. Bulletin of the Torrey Club, 63, 317-325.
    • (1936) Bulletin of the Torrey Club , vol.63 , pp. 317-325
    • Wilson, L.R.1
  • 267
    • 0002747597 scopus 로고
    • Late Quaternary vegetational history of North America
    • Turekian, K.K. (ed.) Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, USA
    • Wright, H.E., Jr (1971). Late Quaternary vegetational history of North America. In: Turekian, K.K. (ed.), The Late Cenozoic Glacial Ages, pp. 425-464. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, USA.
    • (1971) The Late Cenozoic Glacial Ages , pp. 425-464
    • Wright H.E., Jr.1
  • 268
    • 0001303895 scopus 로고
    • The dynamic nature of Holocene vegetation: A problem in paleoclimatology, biogeography, and stratigraphic nomenclature
    • Wright, H.E., Jr (1976). The dynamic nature of Holocene vegetation: a problem in paleoclimatology, biogeography, and stratigraphic nomenclature. Quaternary Research, 6, 581-596.
    • (1976) Quaternary Research , vol.6 , pp. 581-596
    • Wright H.E., Jr.1
  • 269
    • 0027094696 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of Holocene climatic change in the midwestern United States
    • Wright, H.E., Jr (1992). Patterns of Holocene climatic change in the midwestern United States. Quaternary Research, 38, 129-134.
    • (1992) Quaternary Research , vol.38 , pp. 129-134
    • Wright H.E., Jr.1
  • 270
    • 0011480938 scopus 로고
    • Radiocarbon dates of Mankato drift in Minnesota
    • Wright, H.E., Jr and Rubin, M. (1956). Radiocarbon dates of Mankato drift in Minnesota. Science, 124, 625-626.
    • (1956) Science , vol.124 , pp. 625-626
    • Wright H.E., Jr.1    Rubin, M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.