The genesis of the Llanrwst and Llanfair veinfields, North Wales: Evidence from fluid inclusions and stable isotopes

Geological Magazine

Volumn 134, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 249-260

  Haggerty, R ^a,b   Bottrell, S H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRADFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FLUID INCLUSION; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; MINERALIZATION; PARAGENESIS; VEIN DEPOSIT;

UK, WALES, GWYNEDD, LLANFAIR; UK, WALES, GWYNEDD, LLANRWST;

EID: 0030839686     PISSN: 00167568     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0016756897006729     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. ANDERSON, I. K., ANDREW, C. J., ASHTON, J. H., BOYCE, A. J., CAULFIELD, J. B. D., FALLICK, A. E. & RUSSELL, M. J. 1989. Preliminary sulphur isotope data of diagenetic and vein sulphides in the Lower Palaeozoic strata of Ireland and southern Scotland: implications for Zn+Pb+Ba mineralization. Journal of the Geological Society, London 146, 715-20.
2. ARCHER, A. A. 1959. The distribution of non-ferrous ores in the Lower Palaeozoic rocks of North Wales. In The Future of Non-ferrous Mining in Great Britain and Ireland, pp. 295-312. London: Garden City Press.
3. 2-graphite-methane-hydrogen and water vapor. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 33, 49-64.
4. BOTTRELL, S. H., GREENWOOD, P. B., YARDLEY, B. W. D., SHEPHERD, T. J. & SPIRO, B. 1990. Metamophic and post-metamorphic fluid flow in the low-grade rocks of the Harlech Dome, north Wales. Journal of Metamorphic Geology 8, 131-43.
5. BOTTRELL, S. H., BARTLE, K. D., LOUIE, P. K. K., TAYLOR, N., KEMP, W., STEADMAN, W. & WALLACE, S. 1991. Determination of coal reactivity during coprocessing using stable isotope mass spectrometry. Fuel 70, 442-6.
6. BOYCE, A. J., COLMAN, M. L. & RUSSELL, M. J. 1983. Formation of fossil hydrothermal chimneys and mounds from Silvermines, Ireland. Nature 306, 545-50.
7. BOYCE, A. J., ANDERTON, R. & RUSSELL, M. J. 1983. Rapid subsidence and early Carboniferous mineralization in Ireland. Transactions of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 92, B55-66.
8. CLAYPOOL, G. E., HOLSER, W. T., KAPLAN, I. R., SAKAI, H. & ZAK, I. 1980. The age curves of sulfur and oxygen isotopes in marine sulfate and their mutual interpretation. Chemical Geology 28, 199-260.
9. CURTIS, S. F., PATTRICK, R. A. D., JENKINS, G. R. T., FALLICK, A. E., BOYCE, A. J. & TREAGUS, J. E. 1993. Fluid inclusion and stable isotope study of fault-related mineralization in Tyndrum area, Scotland. Transactions of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 102, B39-47.
10. DIXON, P. R., LEHURAY, A. P. & RYE, D. M. 1990. Basement geology and tectonic evolution of Ireland as deduced from Pb-isotopes. Journal of the Geological Society, London 147, 121-32.
11. FAURE, G. 1986. Principles of Isotope Geology, 2nd edition. London: Wiley, 589 pp.
12. FITCHES, B. 1987. Aspects of veining in the Welsh Lower Palaeozoic Basin. In Deformation of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks (eds M. E. Jones and R. M. F. Preston), pp. 325-42. Geological Society Special Publication no. 29.
13. FRIEDMAN, T. & O'NEIL, J. R. 1977. Compilation of stable isotope fractionation factors of geochemical interest. In Data of Geochemistry 6th Edition, Chapter KK (ed. M. Fleischer). US Geological Survey Paper 440KK.
14. HAGGERTY, R. 1995. The mineralization of the Llanrwst orefield, North Wales. UK Journal of Mines and Minerals 15, 5-10.
15. HAGGERTY, R., BOTTRELL, S. H., CLIFF, R. A. & REX, D. 1995. Constraints on the age and genesis of the Llanrwst and Llanfair-Talhaiarn veinfields, North Wales from K-Ar and Rb-Sr studies. Geological Magazine 132, 387-98.
16. HAGGERTY, R., CLIFF, R. A. & BOTTRELL, S. H. 1996. Pb-isotope evidence for the timing of episodic mineralization in the Llanrwst veinfield, North Wales. Mineralium Deposita 31, 93-7.
17. 3. Isotopenpraxis 18, 11-13.
18. 2O solutions. Economic Geology 83, 197-202.
19. HOWELLS, M. F., FRANCIS, E. H., LEVERIDGE, B. E. & EVANS, C. D. R. 1978. Classic areas of British Geology, Capel Curig and Betws-Y-Coed: Description of 1:25,000 sheet SH75. London: HMSO.
20. INESON, P. R. & MITCHELL, J. G. 1974a. K-Ar isotope age determinations from some Lake District mineral locations. Geological Magazine 111, 521-37.
21. INESON, P. R. & MITCHELL, J. G. 1974b. K-Ar isotope age determinations from some Scottish mineral locations. Transactions of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 83, B13-18.
22. INESON, P. R. & MITCHELL, J. G. 1975. K-Ar isotope age determinations from some Welsh mineral locations. Transactions of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 84, B7-16.
23. KAJIWARA, Y. & KROUSE, H. R. 1971. Sulfur isotope partitioning in metallic sulfide systems. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 8, 1397-1408.
24. KIYOSU, Y. 1973. Sulfur isotope fractionation among sphalerite, galena and sulfide ions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 37, 191-9.
25. LEEDER, M. R. 1987. Tectonic and palaeogeographic models of Lower Carboniferous Europe. In European Dinantian Environments (eds J. Miller, A. E. Adams and V. P. Wright), pp. 1-20. Chichester: Wiley.
26. LEHURAY, A. P., CAULFIELD, J. B. D., RYE, D. M. & DIXON, P. R. 1987. Basement controls on sediment-hosted Pb-Zn depsoits: a Pb-isotope study of Carboniferous mineralization in Central Ireland. Economic Geology 82, 1695-1709.
27. MCCREA, J. R. 1950. On the isotopic chemistry of carbonates and a palaeotemperature scale. Journal of Chemical Physics 18, 849-57.
28. NASH, J. T. 1976. Fluid inclusion petrology-data from porphyry copper deposits and applications to exploration. US Geological Survey Paper, 907D.
29. NEWTON, R. J., BOTTRELL, S. H., DEAN, S. P., HATFIELD, D. & RAISWELL, R. 1995. An evaluation of the use of the chromous chloride reduction method for isotopic analysis of pyrite in rocks and sediments. Chemical Geology 125, 317-20.
30. NORTHROP, D. A. & CLAYTON, R. N. 1966. Oxygen-isotope fractionations in systems containing dolomite. Geological Journal 74, 174-96.
31. OHMOTO, H. & RYE, R. O. 1979. Isotopes of sulphur and carbon. In Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits (ed. H. L. Barnes), pp. 509-61. New York: Wiley.
32. O'NEIL, J. R., CLAYTON, R. N. & MAYEDA, T. K. 1969. Oxygen isotope fractionation in divalent metal carbonates. Journal of Chemical Physics 51, 5547-58.
33. PATTRICK, R. A. D. & BOWELL, R. J. 1991. The genesis of the West Shropshire orefield: Evidence from fluid inclusions, sphalerite chemistry and sulphur isotopic ratios. Geological Journal 26, 101-15.
34. PATTRICK, R. A. D. & RUSSELL, M. J. 1989. Sulphur isotopic investigation of Lower Carboniferous vein deposits of the British Isles. Mineralium Deposita 24, 148-53.
35. PHILLIPS, W. J. 1972. Hydraulic fracturing and mineralization. Journal of the Geological Society, London 128, 337-55.
36. PHILLIPS, W. J. 1983. Discussion of Boyce et al. 1983. Transactions of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 92, B102.
37. 32S analysis from sulphides by combustion with cuprous oxide. Analytical Chemistry 47, 1179-81.
38. RUSSELL, M. J. 1972. North-south geofractures in Scotland and Ireland. Scottish Journal of Geology 8, 75-84.
39. RUSSELL, M. J. 1978. Downward-excavating hydrothermal cells and Irish-type ore deposits: importance of an underlying thick Caledonian prism. Transactions of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 87, B168-71.
40. SAKAI, H. 1968. Isotopic properties of sulphur compounds in hydrothermal processes. Geochemical Journal 2, 29-49.
41. SAMSON, I. M. & BANKS, D. A. 1988. Epithermal base-metal mineralization in the Southern Uplands of Scotland: Nature and origin of the fluids. Mineralium Deposita 23, 1-8.
42. SHEPHERD, T. J., RANKIN, A. H. & ALDERTON, D. H. M. 1985. A Practical Guide to Fluid Inclusion Studies. Glasgow: Blackie.
43. TAYLOR, H. P. JR. 1974. The application of oxygen and hydrogen isotope studies to problems of hydrothermal alteration and ore deposition. Economic Geology 69, 843-83.
44. WHITE, D. E., BARNES, H. L. & O'NEIL, J. R. 1973. Thermal and mineral waters of non-meteoric origin, California Coast Ranges. Geological Society of America Bulletin 84, 547-60.