Cyclic Metal Complexes of Nucleobases and Other Heterocycles: Molecular Boxes, Rectangles, and Hexagons

Angewandte Chemie (International Edition in English)

Volumn 36, Issue 12, 1997, Pages 1296-1301

  Rauter, Holger ^c   Mutikainen, Ilpo ^a   Blomberg, Merja ^a   Lock, Colin J L ^d   Amo Ochoa, Pilar ^c   Freisinger, Eva ^c   Randaccio, Lucio ^b   Zangrando, Ennio ^b   Chiarparin, Elisabetta ^b   Lippert, Bernhard ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TRIESTE   (Italy)

^c TU DORTMUND UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^d NONE

Author keywords

Macrocycles; Nanostructures; Nucleobases; Platinum; Supramolecular chemistry

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030835485     PISSN: 05700833     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/anie.199712961     Document Type: Article

References (66)

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14. Additional examples: R. W. Saalfrank, O. Struck, D. Danion, J. Hassa, L. Toupet, Materials 1994, 6, 1432; W. S. Sheldrick, H. S. Hagen-Eckhard, S. Heeb, Inorg. Chim. Acta 1993, 206, 15; X. Chi, A. J. Guerin, R. A. Haycock, C. A. Hunter, L. D. Sarson, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1995, 2567; M. Ohba, H. Okawa, T. Ito, A. Ohto, ibid. 1995, 1545; T. Kajiwara, T. Ito, ibid. 1994, 1773; P. Chaudhuri, I. Karpenstein, M. Winter, M. Lengen, C. Butzlaff, E. Bill, A. X. Trautwein, U. Flörke, H.-J. Haupt, Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 888.
15. Additional examples: R. W. Saalfrank, O. Struck, D. Danion, J. Hassa, L. Toupet, Materials 1994, 6, 1432; W. S. Sheldrick, H. S. Hagen-Eckhard, S. Heeb, Inorg. Chim. Acta 1993, 206, 15; X. Chi, A. J. Guerin, R. A. Haycock, C. A. Hunter, L. D. Sarson, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1995, 2567; M. Ohba, H. Okawa, T. Ito, A. Ohto, ibid. 1995, 1545; T. Kajiwara, T. Ito, ibid. 1994, 1773; P. Chaudhuri, I. Karpenstein, M. Winter, M. Lengen, C. Butzlaff, E. Bill, A. X. Trautwein, U. Flörke, H.-J. Haupt, Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 888.
16. Additional examples: R. W. Saalfrank, O. Struck, D. Danion, J. Hassa, L. Toupet, Materials 1994, 6, 1432; W. S. Sheldrick, H. S. Hagen-Eckhard, S. Heeb, Inorg. Chim. Acta 1993, 206, 15; X. Chi, A. J. Guerin, R. A. Haycock, C. A. Hunter, L. D. Sarson, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1995, 2567; M. Ohba, H. Okawa, T. Ito, A. Ohto, ibid. 1995, 1545; T. Kajiwara, T. Ito, ibid. 1994, 1773; P. Chaudhuri, I. Karpenstein, M. Winter, M. Lengen, C. Butzlaff, E. Bill, A. X. Trautwein, U. Flörke, H.-J. Haupt, Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 888.
17. The term "molecular square" [3] is somewhat misleading in that it ignores the three-dimensional structure (with the organic ligand perpendicular to the plane created by the metal ions). Therefore, the term "open box" is better.
18. A. Schreiber, E. C. Hillgeris, B. Lippert, Z. Naturforsch. B 1993, 48, 1603.
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21. Coplanar arrangement of the organic ligand and metal center.
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25. Review: V. Böhmer, Angew. Chem. 1995, 107, 785; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1995, 34, 713.
26. Other examples of multiply metalated species: W. Xu, J. P. Rourke, J. J. Vittal, R. J. Puddephatt, Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 329; X. Delaigne, J. McB. Harrowfield, M. W. Hosseini, A. De Cian, J. Fischer, N. Kyritsakas, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1994, 1579; E. Solari, W. Lesueur, A. Klose, K. Schenk, C. Floriani, A. Chiesi-Villa, C. Rizzoli, Chem. Commun. 1996, 807.
27. Other examples of multiply metalated species: W. Xu, J. P. Rourke, J. J. Vittal, R. J. Puddephatt, Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 329; X. Delaigne, J. McB. Harrowfield, M. W. Hosseini, A. De Cian, J. Fischer, N. Kyritsakas, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1994, 1579; E. Solari, W. Lesueur, A. Klose, K. Schenk, C. Floriani, A. Chiesi-Villa, C. Rizzoli, Chem. Commun. 1996, 807.
28. Other examples of multiply metalated species: W. Xu, J. P. Rourke, J. J. Vittal, R. J. Puddephatt, Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 329; X. Delaigne, J. McB. Harrowfield, M. W. Hosseini, A. De Cian, J. Fischer, N. Kyritsakas, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1994, 1579; E. Solari, W. Lesueur, A. Klose, K. Schenk, C. Floriani, A. Chiesi-Villa, C. Rizzoli, Chem. Commun. 1996, 807.
29. Kα radiation (λ = 0.71069 Å), T = 193 K; the structure was refined with full-matrix, least-squares methods [30].
30. 3, Z = 4.
31. 3, Z = 4.
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45. M. Krumm, E. Zangrando, L. Randaccio, S. Menzer, B. Lippert, Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 700; D. Holthenrich, M. Krumm, E. Zangrando, F. Pichierri, L. Randaccio, B. Lippert, J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans. 1995, 3275; G. Fusch, E. C. Fusch, A. Erxleben, J. Hüttermann, H. J. Scholl, B. Lippert, Inorg. Chim. Acta 1996, 252, 167.
46. M. Krumm, E. Zangrando, L. Randaccio, S. Menzer, A. Danzmann, D. Holthenrich, B. Lippert, Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 2183.
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49. P. H. Toma, I. M. Dalla Riva Toma, D. E. Bergstrom, Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C 1993, 49, 2047; M. Höpp, A. Erxleben, I. Rombeck, B. Lippert, Inorg. Chem. 1996, 35, 397; F. Zamora, M. Sabat, B. Lippert, ibid. 1996, 35, 4858.
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52. 2 = 0.1095 (all reflections). The structure was solved with Patterson and Fourier methods (SHELXS-86) [24] and refined with least-squares methods (SHELXL-93) [25]. Anisotropic temperature factors were used for all non-hydrogen atoms except disordered nitrate oxygen atoms (O61, O61A, O63, O63A). The dimer is on a crystallographic inversion center, and two anions and two water molecules are independent. Two nitrate oxygens are disordered with occupancies of 0.25 and 0.75 (O61, O61A) and 0.5 (O63, O63A) [30].
53. G. M. Sheldrick, SHELXS-86, Universität Göttingen, 1990.
54. G. M. Sheldrick, SHELXS-93, Universität Göttingen, 1993.
55. 1H NMR standard is possibly due to such an interaction.
56. Multidentate Lewis acids: Z. Zheng, C. B. Knobler, M. F. Hawthorne, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 5105; X. Yang, C.B. Knobler, Z. Zheng, M. F. Hawthorne, ibid. 1994, 116, 7142; M. Simard, J. Vaugeois, J. D. Wuest, ibid. 1993, 115, 370; X. Yang, S. E. Johnson, S. I. Khan, M. F. Hawthorne, Angew. Chem. 1992, 104, 886; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 893.
57. Multidentate Lewis acids: Z. Zheng, C. B. Knobler, M. F. Hawthorne, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 5105; X. Yang, C.B. Knobler, Z. Zheng, M. F. Hawthorne, ibid. 1994, 116, 7142; M. Simard, J. Vaugeois, J. D. Wuest, ibid. 1993, 115, 370; X. Yang, S. E. Johnson, S. I. Khan, M. F. Hawthorne, Angew. Chem. 1992, 104, 886; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 893.
58. Multidentate Lewis acids: Z. Zheng, C. B. Knobler, M. F. Hawthorne, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 5105; X. Yang, C.B. Knobler, Z. Zheng, M. F. Hawthorne, ibid. 1994, 116, 7142; M. Simard, J. Vaugeois, J. D. Wuest, ibid. 1993, 115, 370; X. Yang, S. E. Johnson, S. I. Khan, M. F. Hawthorne, Angew. Chem. 1992, 104, 886; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 893.
59. Multidentate Lewis acids: Z. Zheng, C. B. Knobler, M. F. Hawthorne, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 5105; X. Yang, C.B. Knobler, Z. Zheng, M. F. Hawthorne, ibid. 1994, 116, 7142; M. Simard, J. Vaugeois, J. D. Wuest, ibid. 1993, 115, 370; X. Yang, S. E. Johnson, S. I. Khan, M. F. Hawthorne, Angew. Chem. 1992, 104, 886; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 893.
60. Multidentate Lewis acids: Z. Zheng, C. B. Knobler, M. F. Hawthorne, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 5105; X. Yang, C.B. Knobler, Z. Zheng, M. F. Hawthorne, ibid. 1994, 116, 7142; M. Simard, J. Vaugeois, J. D. Wuest, ibid. 1993, 115, 370; X. Yang, S. E. Johnson, S. I. Khan, M. F. Hawthorne, Angew. Chem. 1992, 104, 886; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 893.
61. R. G. Raptis, J. P. Fackler, Jr., Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 4179.
62. 2 units in cation A are disordered (0.85 : 0.15)[30].
63. Crystallographic data (excluding structure factors) for the structures reported in this paper have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication no. CCDC-100021 (2a), -100020 (6), and -100025 (9). Copies of the data can be obtained free of charge on application to The Director, CCDC, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB21EZ, UK (fax: int. code +(1223)336-033; e-mail: deposit@chemcrys.cam.ac.uk).
64. For other examples of this binding pattern, see P. L. Andreu, J. A. Cabeza, A. Llamazares, V. Riera, S. Garcia-Granda, J. F. van der Maelen, J. Organomet. Chem. 1992, 434, 123; A. J. Deeming, R. Peters, M. B. Hursthouse, J. D. Backer-Dirks, J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans. 1982, 1205.
65. For other examples of this binding pattern, see P. L. Andreu, J. A. Cabeza, A. Llamazares, V. Riera, S. Garcia-Granda, J. F. van der Maelen, J. Organomet. Chem. 1992, 434, 123; A. J. Deeming, R. Peters, M. B. Hursthouse, J. D. Backer-Dirks, J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans. 1982, 1205.
66. M. Kita, M. Nonoyama, Polyhedron 1993, 12, 1027.