Influence of age and prey availability on Bald Eagle foraging behavior at Glacier National Park, Montana

Wilson Bulletin

Volumn 109, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 393-409

  Bennetts, Robert E ^a,b   Mcclelland, B Riley ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

^c NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGE CLASS; BALD EAGLE; FORAGING BEHAVIOUR; KOKANEE SALMON; PREY AVAILABILITY;

USA, MONTANA, GLACIER NATIONAL PARK;

HALIAEETUS LEUCOCEPHALUS; ONCORHYNCHUS NERKA;

EID: 0030832027     PISSN: 00435643     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. AGRESTI, A. 1990. Categorical data analysis. John Wiley and Sons. New York, New York.
2. AKAIKE, H. 1973. Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle. Pp. 267-281 in Proc. second int. symp. inf. theory (B. Petrov and F. Czakil, eds.), Akademiai Kiado Budapest, Hungary.
3. BENNETTS, R. E. AND B. R. MCCLELLAND. 1991. Differences in the distribution of adult and immature Bald Eagles at an autumn concentration in Montana. Northwest Sci. 65: 223-230.
4. _, _, AND E. L. CATON. 1990. Aerial piracy by Bald Eagles: success of aggressors and followers. Northwestern Nat. 71:85-87.
5. BROWN, B. T. 1993. Winter foraging ecology of Bald Eagles in Arizona. Condor 95:132-138.
6. FISCHER, D. L. 1985. Piracy behavior of wintering Bald Eagles. Condor 87:246-251.
7. FRALEY, J. 1984. Effects of the operation of Hungry Horse Dam on the kokanee fishery in the Flathead River system. Annual Progress Report FY 1984. Montana Dept. Fish, Wildlife, and Parks, Kalispell, Montana.
8. _ AND S. L. MCMULLIN. 1983. Effects of the operation of Kerr and Hungry Horse Dam on the kokanee fishery in the Flathead River system. Annual Progress Report FY 1983. Montana Dept. Fish, Wildlife, and Parks, Kalispell, Montana.
9. GRIER, J. W. 1980. Modeling approaches to Bald Eagle population dynamics. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 8:316-322.
10. GRIFFIN, C. R. 1981. Interactive behavior among Bald Eagles wintering in north-central Missouri. Wilson Bull. 93:259-264.
11. HANSEN, A. J. 1986. Fighting behavior in Bald Eagles: a test of game theory. Ecology 67:787-797.
12. _, E. L. BOEKER, J. I. HODGES, AND D. R. CLINE. 1984. Bald Eagles of the Chilkat Valley, Alaska: ecology, behavior, and management. Final Rep. of the Chilkat River Bald Eagle Study. National Audubon Society, New York, New York.
13. HARMATA, A. R. 1984. Bald Eagles of the San Luis Valley, Colorado: their winter ecology and spring migration. Ph.D. diss., Montana State Univ., Bozeman, Montana.
14. HOSMER, D. W. AND S. LEMESHOW. 1989. Applied logistic regression. John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York.
15. KNIGHT, R. L. AND S. K. SKAGEN. 1988. Agonistic asymmetries and the foraging ecology of Bald Eagles. Ecology 69:1188-1194.
16. MCCLELLAND, B. R., L. S. YOUNG, D. S. SHEA, P. T. MCCLELLAND, H. L. ALLEN, AND E. B. SPETTIGUE. 1982. The Bald Eagle concentration in Glacier National Park, Montana: origin, growth, and variation in numbers. Living Bird 19:133-155.
17. _, P. T. MCCLELLAND, R. E. YATES, E. L. CATON, AND M. E. MCFADZEN. 1996. Fledging and migration of juvenile Bald Eagles from Glacier National Park, Montana. J. Raptor Res. 30:79-89.
18. MCCOLLOUGH, M. A. 1989. Molting sequence and aging of Bald Eagles. Wilson Bull. 101: 1-10.
19. SAKAMOTO, Y., M. ISHIGURO, AND G. KITAGAWA. 1986. Akaike information criterion statistics. KTK Scientific Publications, Tokyo, Japan.
20. SHIBATA, R. 1989. Statistical aspects of model selection. Pp. 215-240 in From data to model. (J. C. Williams, ed.). Springer-Verlag, New York, New York.
21. SPENCER, C. N., B. R. MCCLELLAND, AND J. A. STANFORD. 1991. Shrimp stocking, salmon collapse, and eagle displacement: cascading interactions in the food web of a large aquatic ecosystem. Bioscience 41:14-21.
22. STALMASTER, M. V. 1987. The Bald Eagle. Universe Books, New York, New York.
23. _ AND J. A. GESSAMAN. 1982. Food consumption and energy requirements of captive Bald Eagles. J. Wildl. Manage. 46:646-654.
24. _ AND _. 1984. Ecological energetics and foraging behavior of overwintering Bald Eagles. Ecol. Monogr. 54:407-428.
25. _ AND R. G. PLETTNER. 1992. Diets and foraging effectiveness of Bald Eagles during extreme winter weather in Nebraska. J. Wildl. Manage. 56:355-367.
26. VERBEEK, N. A. M. 1977. Comparative feeding behavior of immature and adult Herring Gulls. Wilson Bull. 89:415-421.