메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 241-275

Functional electrical stimulation

Author keywords

Autonomic; Motor; Neural prostheses; Sensory

Indexed keywords

FUNCTIONAL ELECTRIC STIMULATION; PROFESSIONAL ASPECTS;

EID: 0030831031     PISSN: 09673334     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/18/4/001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (80)

References (123)
  • 1
    • 0029063367 scopus 로고
    • Development of an electrically-stimulated skeletal muscle neoanal sphincter
    • ed G S Brindley and D N Rushton (London: Baillière Tindall)
    • Abercrombie J F and Williams N S 1995 Development of an electrically-stimulated skeletal muscle neoanal sphincter. Neuroprostheses (Baillère's Clinical Neurology 4(1)) ed G S Brindley and D N Rushton (London: Baillière Tindall) pp 21-34
    • (1995) Neuroprostheses (Baillère's Clinical Neurology 4(1)) , pp. 21-34
    • Abercrombie, J.F.1    Williams, N.S.2
  • 2
    • 0001119155 scopus 로고
    • Rule-based control of a hybrid FES orthosis for assisting locomotion
    • Andrews B J et al 1989 Rule-based control of a hybrid FES orthosis for assisting locomotion Automedica 11 175-200
    • (1989) Automedica , vol.11 , pp. 175-200
    • Andrews, B.J.1
  • 3
    • 0024000459 scopus 로고
    • Hybrid FES orthosis incorporating closed loop control and sensory feedback
    • Andrews B J et al 1988 Hybrid FES orthosis incorporating closed loop control and sensory feedback J. Biomed Eng. 10 189-95
    • (1988) J. Biomed Eng. , vol.10 , pp. 189-195
    • Andrews, B.J.1
  • 4
    • 0025996685 scopus 로고
    • Dynamic graciloplasty for treatment of faecal incontinence
    • Baeten C G M I et al 1991 Dynamic graciloplasty for treatment of faecal incontinence Lancet 338 1163-5
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.338 , pp. 1163-1165
    • Baeten, C.G.M.I.1
  • 5
    • 0025002762 scopus 로고
    • Visual sensations produced by intracortical microstimulation of the human occipital cortex
    • Bak M et al 1990 Visual sensations produced by intracortical microstimulation of the human occipital cortex Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 28 257-9
    • (1990) Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. , vol.28 , pp. 257-259
    • Bak, M.1
  • 6
    • 0024634604 scopus 로고
    • Method for studying muscle properties under orderly stimulated motor units with tripolar nerve cuff electrodes
    • Baratta R, Ichie M, Hwang S and Solomonow M 1989 Method for studying muscle properties under orderly stimulated motor units with tripolar nerve cuff electrodes J. Biomed. Eng. 11 141-7
    • (1989) J. Biomed. Eng. , vol.11 , pp. 141-147
    • Baratta, R.1    Ichie, M.2    Hwang, S.3    Solomonow, M.4
  • 7
    • 0343071412 scopus 로고
    • Use of a radio transmitter receiver unit for the treatment of neurogenic bladder. A preliminary report
    • Bradley W E, Wittmers L E, Chou S N and French S A 1962 Use of a radio transmitter receiver unit for the treatment of neurogenic bladder. A preliminary report J Neurosurg. 19 782-6
    • (1962) J Neurosurg. , vol.19 , pp. 782-786
    • Bradley, W.E.1    Wittmers, L.E.2    Chou, S.N.3    French, S.A.4
  • 8
    • 0016042898 scopus 로고
    • Emptying the bladder by cumulating sacral ventral roots
    • Brindley G S 1973 Emptying the bladder by cumulating sacral ventral roots J. Physiol. 237 15P-16P
    • (1973) J. Physiol. , vol.237
    • Brindley, G.S.1
  • 9
    • 0017701607 scopus 로고
    • An implant to empty the bladder or close the urethra
    • _ 1977 An implant to empty the bladder or close the urethra J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 40 358-69
    • (1977) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry , vol.40 , pp. 358-369
  • 10
    • 9844233090 scopus 로고
    • Failures in sacral anterior root stimulator implants
    • _ 1995 Failures in sacral anterior root stimulator implants Paraplegia 33 5-9
    • (1995) Paraplegia , vol.33 , pp. 5-9
  • 11
    • 0019136851 scopus 로고
    • A technique for anodally blocking large nerve fibres through chronically implanted electrodes
    • Brindley G S and Craggs M D 1980 A technique for anodally blocking large nerve fibres through chronically implanted electrodes J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 43 1083-90
    • (1980) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.43 , pp. 1083-1090
    • Brindley, G.S.1    Craggs, M.D.2
  • 12
    • 0014284770 scopus 로고
    • The sensations produced by electrical stimulation of the visual cortex
    • Brindley G S and Lewin W S 1968 The sensations produced by electrical stimulation of the visual cortex J. Physiol. 196 479-93
    • (1968) J. Physiol. , vol.196 , pp. 479-493
    • Brindley, G.S.1    Lewin, W.S.2
  • 13
    • 0018360801 scopus 로고
    • Electrical splinting of the knee in paraplegia
    • Brindley G S, Polkey C E and Rushton D N 1979 Electrical splinting of the knee in paraplegia Paraplegia 16 428-35
    • (1979) Paraplegia , vol.16 , pp. 428-435
    • Brindley, G.S.1    Polkey, C.E.2    Rushton, D.N.3
  • 14
    • 0020408457 scopus 로고
    • Sacral anterior root stimulation for bladder control in paraplegia
    • _ 1982 Sacral anterior root stimulation for bladder control in paraplegia Paraplegia 20 365-81
    • (1982) Paraplegia , vol.20 , pp. 365-381
  • 16
    • 0005528231 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the representation of the visual field on the human occipital cortex
    • ed F T Hambrecht and J Reswick (New York: Dekker)
    • Brindley G S and Rushton D N 1977 Observations on the representation of the visual field on the human occipital cortex Functional Electrical Stimulation ed F T Hambrecht and J Reswick (New York: Dekker) pp 261-72
    • (1977) Functional Electrical Stimulation , pp. 261-272
    • Brindley, G.S.1    Rushton, D.N.2
  • 17
    • 0025145303 scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up of patients with sacral anterior root stimulator implants
    • _ 1990 Long-term follow-up of patients with sacral anterior root stimulator implants Paraplegia 28 469-75
    • (1990) Paraplegia , vol.28 , pp. 469-475
  • 18
    • 9844267768 scopus 로고
    • Gene re-expression in stimulated fast skeletal muscle. II. Early changes in myosin heavy chain mRNA
    • Brown W E, Salmons S S, Pullen L and Brownson C 1986 Gene re-expression in stimulated fast skeletal muscle. II. Early changes in myosin heavy chain mRNA J. Muscle Res Cell Motility 8 81
    • (1986) J. Muscle Res Cell Motility , vol.8 , pp. 81
    • Brown, W.E.1    Salmons, S.S.2    Pullen, L.3    Brownson, C.4
  • 19
    • 0022341863 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying the asynchronous replacement of myosin light chain isoforms during stimulation-induced fibre-type transformation of skeletal muscle
    • Brown W E, Salmons S S and Whalen R G 1985 Mechanisms underlying the asynchronous replacement of myosin light chain isoforms during stimulation-induced fibre-type transformation of skeletal muscle FEBS Lett. 192 235-8
    • (1985) FEBS Lett. , vol.192 , pp. 235-238
    • Brown, W.E.1    Salmons, S.S.2    Whalen, R.G.3
  • 20
    • 0020659866 scopus 로고
    • Post anal repair for neuropathic faecal incontinence: Correlation of clinical result and anal canal pressures
    • Browning G G P and Parks A G 1983 Post anal repair for neuropathic faecal incontinence: correlation of clinical result and anal canal pressures Br. J. Surg. 70 101-4
    • (1983) Br. J. Surg. , vol.70 , pp. 101-104
    • Browning, G.G.P.1    Parks, A.G.2
  • 21
    • 0015687892 scopus 로고
    • Physiological types and histochemical profiles in motor units of the cat gastrocnemius
    • Burke R E, Levine D N, Tsairis P and Zajac F E 1973 Physiological types and histochemical profiles in motor units of the cat gastrocnemius J. Physiol. 234 723-48
    • (1973) J. Physiol. , vol.234 , pp. 723-748
    • Burke, R.E.1    Levine, D.N.2    Tsairis, P.3    Zajac, F.E.4
  • 22
    • 0030949380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experience of clinical use of the Odstock Dropped Foot Stimulator
    • Burridge J, Taylor P, Hagan S and Swain I 1997 Experience of clinical use of the Odstock Dropped Foot Stimulator Artific. Organs 21 254-60
    • (1997) Artific. Organs , vol.21 , pp. 254-260
    • Burridge, J.1    Taylor, P.2    Hagan, S.3    Swain, I.4
  • 23
    • 0023239513 scopus 로고
    • The Para Walker: A rational approach to the provision of reciprocal ambulation for paraplegic patients
    • Butler P B and Major R E 1987 The Para Walker: a rational approach to the provision of reciprocal ambulation for paraplegic patients Physiotherapy 73 393-7
    • (1987) Physiotherapy , vol.73 , pp. 393-397
    • Butler, P.B.1    Major, R.E.2
  • 25
    • 0015936946 scopus 로고
    • Effect of chronic stimulation of anterior cerebellum on neurological disease
    • Cooper I S 1973 Effect of chronic stimulation of anterior cerebellum on neurological disease Lancet 1 206
    • (1973) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 206
    • Cooper, I.S.1
  • 27
    • 0018213521 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cerebellar stimulation on epilepsy, the EEG and cerebral palsy in man
    • Cooper I S and Upton A R M 1978 Effects of cerebellar stimulation on epilepsy, the EEG and cerebral palsy in man Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 34 (Supplement) 349-54
    • (1978) Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.34 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 349-354
    • Cooper, I.S.1    Upton, A.R.M.2
  • 28
    • 0022749878 scopus 로고
    • Performance of platinum stimulating electrodes, mapped on the limit-voltage plane Part 1: Charge injection in vivo
    • Craggs M D, Donaldson N de N and Donaldson P E K 1986 Performance of platinum stimulating electrodes, mapped on the limit-voltage plane Part 1: charge injection in vivo Med Biol. Eng Comput. 24 424-30
    • (1986) Med Biol. Eng Comput. , vol.24 , pp. 424-430
    • Craggs, M.D.1    De Donaldson, N.N.2    Donaldson, P.E.K.3
  • 29
    • 9844262724 scopus 로고
    • personal communication
    • Davis R 1994 personal communication
    • (1994)
    • Davis, R.1
  • 30
    • 0014294938 scopus 로고
    • Studies of spasticity in man. 3. Analysis of reflex activity evoked by noxious cutaneous stimulation
    • Dimitrijevic M R and Nathan P W 1968 Studies of spasticity in man. 3. Analysis of reflex activity evoked by noxious cutaneous stimulation Brain 91 349-68
    • (1968) Brain , vol.91 , pp. 349-368
    • Dimitrijevic, M.R.1    Nathan, P.W.2
  • 31
    • 70449198391 scopus 로고
    • Prothèse auditive par excitation électrique à distance du nerf sensoriel à l'aide d'un bobinage inclus à demeure
    • Djourno A and Eyries C 1957 Prothèse auditive par excitation électrique à distance du nerf sensoriel à l'aide d'un bobinage inclus à demeure Presse Méd. 65 1417-23
    • (1957) Presse Méd. , vol.65 , pp. 1417-1423
    • Djourno, A.1    Eyries, C.2
  • 32
    • 0016222161 scopus 로고
    • Phosphenes produced by electrical stimulation of human occipital cortex, and their application to the development of a prosthesis for the blind
    • Dobelle W H and Mladejovsky M G 1974 Phosphenes produced by electrical stimulation of human occipital cortex, and their application to the development of a prosthesis for the blind J. Physiol. 243 553-76
    • (1974) J. Physiol. , vol.243 , pp. 553-576
    • Dobelle, W.H.1    Mladejovsky, M.G.2
  • 34
    • 0022749878 scopus 로고
    • Performance of platinum stimulating electrodes, mapped on the limit-voltage plane. Part 2: Corrosion in vitro
    • Donaldson N de N and Donaldson P E K 1986 Performance of platinum stimulating electrodes, mapped on the limit-voltage plane. Part 2: corrosion in vitro Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 24 424-30
    • (1986) Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. , vol.24 , pp. 424-430
    • De Donaldson, N.N.1    Donaldson, P.E.K.2
  • 35
    • 0030909036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lumbar root stimulation for restoring leg function. Methods: Stimulator and measurement of muscle actions
    • Donaldson N de N, Perkins T A and Worley A C M 1997 Lumbar root stimulation for restoring leg function. Methods: stimulator and measurement of muscle actions Artif. Org. 21 247-9
    • (1997) Artif. Org. , vol.21 , pp. 247-249
    • De Donaldson, N.N.1    Perkins, T.A.2    Worley, A.C.M.3
  • 37
    • 0020532379 scopus 로고
    • LSU Reciprocating Gait Orthosis
    • Douglas R et al 1983 LSU Reciprocating Gait Orthosis Orthopaedics 6 834-8
    • (1983) Orthopaedics , vol.6 , pp. 834-838
    • Douglas, R.1
  • 38
    • 0020645018 scopus 로고
    • Speech recognition in deaf subjects with multichannel intracochlear electrodes
    • Eddington D K 1983 Speech recognition in deaf subjects with multichannel intracochlear electrodes Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 405 241-58
    • (1983) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.405 , pp. 241-258
    • Eddington, D.K.1
  • 39
    • 0018085566 scopus 로고
    • A method for plotting the optimum positions of an array of cortical phosphenes
    • Everitt B S and Rushton D N 1978 A method for plotting the optimum positions of an array of cortical phosphenes Biometrics 34 399-410
    • (1978) Biometrics , vol.34 , pp. 399-410
    • Everitt, B.S.1    Rushton, D.N.2
  • 40
    • 0026104684 scopus 로고
    • Selective activation of small motor axons by quasi trapezoidal current pulses
    • Fang Z-P and Mortimer J T 1991 Selective activation of small motor axons by quasi trapezoidal current pulses IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 38 168-74
    • (1991) IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. , vol.38 , pp. 168-174
    • Fang, Z.-P.1    Mortimer, J.T.2
  • 41
    • 0024272775 scopus 로고
    • New concepts on treatment of the upper limb in the tetraplegic: Surgical restoration and functional neuromuscular stimulation
    • Freehafer A A, Peckham P H and Keith M W 1988 New concepts on treatment of the upper limb in the tetraplegic: surgical restoration and functional neuromuscular stimulation Hand Clin. 4 563-74
    • (1988) Hand Clin. , vol.4 , pp. 563-574
    • Freehafer, A.A.1    Peckham, P.H.2    Keith, M.W.3
  • 43
    • 0023035498 scopus 로고
    • Twenty years experience in phrenic nerve stimulation to pace the diaphragm
    • Glenn W W L, Phelps M L, Elefteriades J A, Dentz B and Hogan J F 1986 Twenty years experience in phrenic nerve stimulation to pace the diaphragm PACE 9 780-4
    • (1986) PACE , vol.9 , pp. 780-784
    • Glenn, W.W.L.1    Phelps, M.L.2    Elefteriades, J.A.3    Dentz, B.4    Hogan, J.F.5
  • 44
    • 0026051421 scopus 로고
    • Dishabituation of the flexion reflex in spinal cord injured man and its application in the restoration of gait
    • Granat M J, Nicol D J, Baxendale R H and Andrews B J 1991 Dishabituation of the flexion reflex in spinal cord injured man and its application in the restoration of gait Brain Res. 559 344-6
    • (1991) Brain Res. , vol.559 , pp. 344-346
    • Granat, M.J.1    Nicol, D.J.2    Baxendale, R.H.3    Andrews, B.J.4
  • 47
    • 0025604191 scopus 로고
    • Deep brain stimulation in the treatment of chronic pain in man: Where and why?
    • Gybels J and Kupers R 1990 Deep brain stimulation in the treatment of chronic pain in man: where and why? Neurophys. Clin. 20 389-98
    • (1990) Neurophys. Clin. , vol.20 , pp. 389-398
    • Gybels, J.1    Kupers, R.2
  • 48
    • 0014052166 scopus 로고
    • Experience and recent contributions in sacral nerve stimulation for voiding in both human and animal
    • Habib H N 1967 Experience and recent contributions in sacral nerve stimulation for voiding in both human and animal Br. J. Urol. 39 73-83
    • (1967) Br. J. Urol. , vol.39 , pp. 73-83
    • Habib, H.N.1
  • 49
    • 0016636061 scopus 로고
    • Electronic stimulation of the human bladder: Nine years later
    • Halverstadt D B and Parry W L 1975 Electronic stimulation of the human bladder: nine years later J. Urol. 13 341-4
    • (1975) J. Urol. , vol.13 , pp. 341-344
    • Halverstadt, D.B.1    Parry, W.L.2
  • 50
    • 0029017214 scopus 로고
    • Visual prostheses based on direct interfaces with the visual system
    • ed G S Brindley and D N Rushton (London. Baillière Tindall)
    • Hambrecht F T 1995 Visual prostheses based on direct interfaces with the visual system Baillière's Clinical Neurology: Neuroprostheses ed G S Brindley and D N Rushton (London. Baillière Tindall) pp 147-65
    • (1995) Baillière's Clinical Neurology: Neuroprostheses , pp. 147-165
    • Hambrecht, F.T.1
  • 52
    • 0024697821 scopus 로고
    • Development of percutaneous intramuscular electrode for multichannel FES system
    • Handa Y, Hochimiya N, Iguchi Y and Oda T 1989 Development of percutaneous intramuscular electrode for multichannel FES system IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 36 705-10
    • (1989) IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. , vol.36 , pp. 705-710
    • Handa, Y.1    Hochimiya, N.2    Iguchi, Y.3    Oda, T.4
  • 53
    • 0028385985 scopus 로고
    • Slip information provided by nerve cuff signals: Application in closed-loop control of functional electrical stimulation
    • Haugland M K and Hoffa J A 1994a Slip information provided by nerve cuff signals: application in closed-loop control of functional electrical stimulation IEEE Trans. Rehab. Eng. 2 29-36
    • (1994) IEEE Trans. Rehab. Eng. , vol.2 , pp. 29-36
    • Haugland, M.K.1    Hoffa, J.A.2
  • 54
    • 0028385607 scopus 로고
    • Artifact-free sensory nerve signals obtained from cuff electrodes during functional electrical stimulation of nearby muscles
    • _ 1994b Artifact-free sensory nerve signals obtained from cuff electrodes during functional electrical stimulation of nearby muscles IEEE Trans. Rehab. Eng. 2 37-40
    • (1994) IEEE Trans. Rehab. Eng. , vol.2 , pp. 37-40
  • 55
    • 0028386171 scopus 로고
    • Skin contact force information in sensory nerve signals recorded by implanted cuff electrodes
    • Haugland M K, Hoffa J A and Sinkjaer T 1994 Skin contact force information in sensory nerve signals recorded by implanted cuff electrodes IEEE Trans. Rehab. Eng. 2 18-28
    • (1994) IEEE Trans. Rehab. Eng. , vol.2 , pp. 18-28
    • Haugland, M.K.1    Hoffa, J.A.2    Sinkjaer, T.3
  • 58
    • 0026713195 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of refractory partial seizures: Preliminary results of a controlled study
    • Holder L K, Wernicke J F and Tarver W B 1992 Treatment of refractory partial seizures: preliminary results of a controlled study Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. 15 1557-69
    • (1992) Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. , vol.15 , pp. 1557-1569
    • Holder, L.K.1    Wernicke, J.F.2    Tarver, W.B.3
  • 59
    • 9844245814 scopus 로고
    • An EMG controlled multichannel stimulator
    • Belgrade: Yugoslav Committee for Electronics and Automation
    • Hollander H-J, Huber M and Vossius G 1987 An EMG controlled multichannel stimulator Advances in External Control of Human Extremities, IX (Belgrade: Yugoslav Committee for Electronics and Automation) pp 291-5
    • (1987) Advances in External Control of Human Extremities , vol.9 , pp. 291-295
    • Hollander, H.-J.1    Huber, M.2    Vossius, G.3
  • 60
    • 0015991640 scopus 로고
    • Die Karussellstimulation, eine neue methods zur elektrophrenischen Langzeitbeatmung
    • Holle J, Moritz E, Thoma H and Lischka 1974 Die Karussellstimulation, eine neue methods zur elektrophrenischen Langzeitbeatmung Wien Klin. Wochenschr. 86 23
    • (1974) Wien Klin. Wochenschr. , vol.86 , pp. 23
    • Holle, J.1    Moritz, E.2    Thoma, H.3    Lischka4
  • 61
    • 0001772059 scopus 로고
    • Implantable dual channel peroneal nerve stimulator
    • ed R Jaeger and T Bajd (Kocevje: Slovenian Society of Medical and Biological Eng.)
    • Holsheimer J, Bulstra G, Verloop A J and Hermens H 1993 Implantable dual channel peroneal nerve stimulator Proc Ljubljana FES Conf. (Ljubljana, 1993) ed R Jaeger and T Bajd (Kocevje: Slovenian Society of Medical and Biological Eng.) pp 42-4
    • (1993) Proc Ljubljana FES Conf. (Ljubljana, 1993) , pp. 42-44
    • Holsheimer, J.1    Bulstra, G.2    Verloop, A.J.3    Hermens, H.4
  • 62
    • 0027209568 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle assistance in heart failure
    • Hooper T L and Salmons S 1993 Skeletal muscle assistance in heart failure Cardiovasc Res. 27 1404-6
    • (1993) Cardiovasc Res. , vol.27 , pp. 1404-1406
    • Hooper, T.L.1    Salmons, S.2
  • 63
    • 0027383811 scopus 로고
    • Power production and working capacity of rabbit tibialis anterior muscle after chronic electrical stimulation at 10 Hz
    • Jarvis J C 1993 Power production and working capacity of rabbit tibialis anterior muscle after chronic electrical stimulation at 10 Hz J. Physiol. 470 157-69
    • (1993) J. Physiol. , vol.470 , pp. 157-169
    • Jarvis, J.C.1
  • 64
    • 0014421877 scopus 로고
    • Radiofrequency electrophrenic respiration: Long term application to a patient with primary hypoventilation
    • Judson J P and Glenn W W L 1968 Radiofrequency electrophrenic respiration: long term application to a patient with primary hypoventilation J Am. Med Assoc 203 1033-7
    • (1968) J Am. Med Assoc , vol.203 , pp. 1033-1037
    • Judson, J.P.1    Glenn, W.W.L.2
  • 66
    • 0020551427 scopus 로고
    • Management of faecal incontinence and results of surgical treatment
    • Keighley M R B and Fielding J W L 1983 Management of faecal incontinence and results of surgical treatment Br. J. Surg. 70 463-8
    • (1983) Br. J. Surg. , vol.70 , pp. 463-468
    • Keighley, M.R.B.1    Fielding, J.W.L.2
  • 67
    • 0022437370 scopus 로고
    • Organisation and properties of spinal motoneurones and motor units
    • Kernell D 1986 Organisation and properties of spinal motoneurones and motor units Prog Brain Res. 64 21-30
    • (1986) Prog Brain Res. , vol.64 , pp. 21-30
    • Kernell, D.1
  • 68
    • 9844268967 scopus 로고
    • Patterned electrical stimulation
    • ed L S Illis (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
    • Kidd G L 1992 Patterned electrical stimulation. (Spinal Cord Dysfunction 3) Functional Stimulation ed L S Illis (Oxford: Oxford University Press) pp 147-67
    • (1992) (Spinal Cord Dysfunction 3) Functional Stimulation , pp. 147-167
    • Kidd, G.L.1
  • 70
    • 0029053879 scopus 로고
    • Neuromodulation for pain and epilepsy
    • ed G S Brindley and D N Rushton (London: Baillière Tindall)
    • Koeze T H 1995 Neuromodulation for pain and epilepsy. Baillières Clinical Neurology 4.1: Neuroprostheses ed G S Brindley and D N Rushton (London: Baillière Tindall) pp 167-83
    • (1995) Baillières Clinical Neurology 4.1: Neuroprostheses , pp. 167-183
    • Koeze, T.H.1
  • 71
    • 0027484389 scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of hemiplegic patient rehabilitation by means of functional electrical stimulation
    • Kralj A, Acimovic R and Stanic U 1993 Enhancement of hemiplegic patient rehabilitation by means of functional electrical stimulation Prosthet. Orthot. Int 17 107-14
    • (1993) Prosthet. Orthot. Int , vol.17 , pp. 107-114
    • Kralj, A.1    Acimovic, R.2    Stanic, U.3
  • 73
    • 0019187596 scopus 로고
    • Electrical stimulation providing functional use of paraplegic patient muscles
    • Kralj A, Bajd T and Turk R 1980 Electrical stimulation providing functional use of paraplegic patient muscles Med. Prog. Technol 7 3-9
    • (1980) Med. Prog. Technol , vol.7 , pp. 3-9
    • Kralj, A.1    Bajd, T.2    Turk, R.3
  • 74
    • 0020786844 scopus 로고
    • Gait restoration in paraplegic patients: A feasibility demonstration using multichannel surface electrode FES
    • Kralj A, Bajd T, Turk R, Krajnik J and Benko H 1983 Gait restoration in paraplegic patients: a feasibility demonstration using multichannel surface electrode FES J. Rehab. Res. Dev. 20 3-19
    • (1983) J. Rehab. Res. Dev. , vol.20 , pp. 3-19
    • Kralj, A.1    Bajd, T.2    Turk, R.3    Krajnik, J.4    Benko, H.5
  • 75
    • 0027938483 scopus 로고
    • Electrophrenic respiration after intercostal to phrenic nerve anastomosis in a patient with anterior spinal artery syndrome: Technical case report
    • Krieger A J 1994 Electrophrenic respiration after intercostal to phrenic nerve anastomosis in a patient with anterior spinal artery syndrome: Technical case report Neurosurgery 35 760-3
    • (1994) Neurosurgery , vol.35 , pp. 760-763
    • Krieger, A.J.1
  • 76
    • 0025320951 scopus 로고
    • Deep brain stimulation for control of intractable pain in humans, present and future' a ten year follow-up
    • Kumar K, Wyart G M and Nath R 1990 Deep brain stimulation for control of intractable pain in humans, present and future' a ten year follow-up Neurosurgery 26 774-81
    • (1990) Neurosurgery , vol.26 , pp. 774-781
    • Kumar, K.1    Wyart, G.M.2    Nath, R.3
  • 77
    • 0029129310 scopus 로고
    • The input-output relationships of skeletal muscle
    • Kwende M M N, Jarvis J C and Salmons S 1995 The input-output relationships of skeletal muscle Proc. R. Soc. B 261 193-201
    • (1995) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.261 , pp. 193-201
    • Kwende, M.M.N.1    Jarvis, J.C.2    Salmons, S.3
  • 78
    • 0025372802 scopus 로고
    • Phrenic nerve pacing in quadriplegia
    • Lancet (Editorial)
    • Lancet (Editorial) 1990 Phrenic nerve pacing in quadriplegia Lancet 2 88-90
    • (1990) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 88-90
  • 80
    • 0004995918 scopus 로고
    • Use of peripheral and spinal cord stimulation in the relief of chronic pain
    • Long D M 1976 Use of peripheral and spinal cord stimulation in the relief of chronic pain Adv. Pain Res. Ther. 1 395-403
    • (1976) Adv. Pain Res. Ther. , vol.1 , pp. 395-403
    • Long, D.M.1
  • 81
    • 0020806141 scopus 로고
    • Blood flow to different skeletal muscle fibre types during contraction
    • Mackie B G and Terjiung R L 1983 Blood flow to different skeletal muscle fibre types during contraction Am. J. Physiol. 14 H265-75
    • (1983) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.14
    • Mackie, B.G.1    Terjiung, R.L.2
  • 82
    • 0022749698 scopus 로고
    • Implantation techniques and experience with percutaneous intramuscular electrodes in the lower extremities
    • Marsolais E B and Kobetic R 1986 Implantation techniques and experience with percutaneous intramuscular electrodes in the lower extremities Rehab. Res. Dev. 23 1-8
    • (1986) Rehab. Res. Dev. , vol.23 , pp. 1-8
    • Marsolais, E.B.1    Kobetic, R.2
  • 83
    • 0023687449 scopus 로고
    • Development of a practical electrical stimulation system for restoring gait in paralysed patients
    • _ 1988 Development of a practical electrical stimulation system for restoring gait in paralysed patients Clin. Orthoped. 233 64-74
    • (1988) Clin. Orthoped. , vol.233 , pp. 64-74
  • 84
    • 0000074897 scopus 로고
    • Muscular wisdom that minimises fatigue during prolonged effort in man: Rate of motoneurone discharge and slowing of discharge during fatigue
    • ed J F Desmedt (New York: Raven)
    • Marsden C D, Meadows J C and Merton P A 1983 Muscular wisdom that minimises fatigue during prolonged effort in man: rate of motoneurone discharge and slowing of discharge during fatigue Motor Control Mechanisms in Health and Disease ed J F Desmedt (New York: Raven)
    • (1983) Motor Control Mechanisms in Health and Disease
    • Marsden, C.D.1    Meadows, J.C.2    Merton, P.A.3
  • 85
    • 9844239835 scopus 로고
    • Recruitment characteristics of nerve cuff electrodes and their implications for stimulator design
    • ed D Popovic (Belgrade: Yugoslav Committee for Electronics and Automation)
    • McNeal D R, Baker L L and Symons J 1987 Recruitment characteristics of nerve cuff electrodes and their implications for stimulator design Advances in External Control of Human Extremities. IX ed D Popovic (Belgrade: Yugoslav Committee for Electronics and Automation) pp 15-25
    • (1987) Advances in External Control of Human Extremities , vol.9 , pp. 15-25
    • McNeal, D.R.1    Baker, L.L.2    Symons, J.3
  • 86
    • 0022061146 scopus 로고
    • Selective activation of muscles using peripheral nerve stimulation
    • McNeal D R and Bowman B R 1985 Selective activation of muscles using peripheral nerve stimulation Med. Biol. Eng. Comput 23 249-53
    • (1985) Med. Biol. Eng. Comput , vol.23 , pp. 249-253
    • McNeal, D.R.1    Bowman, B.R.2
  • 88
    • 0013851199 scopus 로고
    • Pain mechanisms; a new theory
    • Melzack R and Wall P 1965 Pain mechanisms; a new theory Science 150 971-9
    • (1965) Science , vol.150 , pp. 971-979
    • Melzack, R.1    Wall, P.2
  • 92
    • 0017749351 scopus 로고
    • Sphincter denervation in anorectal incontinence and rectal prolapse
    • Parks A G, Swash M and Urich H 1977 Sphincter denervation in anorectal incontinence and rectal prolapse Gut 18 656-65
    • (1977) Gut , vol.18 , pp. 656-665
    • Parks, A.G.1    Swash, M.2    Urich, H.3
  • 93
    • 0010621890 scopus 로고
    • The arterial anatomy and surgical relevance of the human gracilis muscle
    • Patel J, Shanahan D, Riches D J and Williams N S 1991 The arterial anatomy and surgical relevance of the human gracilis muscle J Anat 176 270-2
    • (1991) J Anat , vol.176 , pp. 270-272
    • Patel, J.1    Shanahan, D.2    Riches, D.J.3    Williams, N.S.4
  • 94
    • 0026344650 scopus 로고
    • Aortic counter-pulsation for up to 28 days with autologous latissimus dorsi in sheep
    • Pattison C W et al 1991 Aortic counter-pulsation for up to 28 days with autologous latissimus dorsi in sheep J. Thorac. Cardiovasc Surg 102 766-73
    • (1991) J. Thorac. Cardiovasc Surg , vol.102 , pp. 766-773
    • Pattison, C.W.1
  • 95
    • 9844221316 scopus 로고
    • An implanted neuroprosthesis for restoration of grasp and release
    • ed R Jaeger and T Baja (Ljubljana: Slovenian Society of Medical & Biological Engineering)
    • Peckham P H, Kilgore K L, Keith M W and Crago P 1993 An implanted neuroprosthesis for restoration of grasp and release Proc Ljubljana FES Conf. (Ljubljana. 1993) ed R Jaeger and T Baja (Ljubljana: Slovenian Society of Medical & Biological Engineering) pp 199-202
    • (1993) Proc Ljubljana FES Conf. (Ljubljana. 1993) , pp. 199-202
    • Peckham, P.H.1    Kilgore, K.L.2    Keith, M.W.3    Crago, P.4
  • 97
    • 9844259399 scopus 로고
    • Control of the recruitment and firing frequencies of motor units in electrically stimulated muscles in the cat
    • Petrofsky J S 1978 Control of the recruitment and firing frequencies of motor units in electrically stimulated muscles in the cat Med Biol. Eng. Comput. 17 87-93
    • (1978) Med Biol. Eng. Comput. , vol.17 , pp. 87-93
    • Petrofsky, J.S.1
  • 98
    • 0021708232 scopus 로고
    • The interrelationship between blood pressure, intramuscular pressure and isometric endurance in fast and slow twitch skeletal muscle in the cat
    • Petrofsky J S and Hendershot D M 1984 The interrelationship between blood pressure, intramuscular pressure and isometric endurance in fast and slow twitch skeletal muscle in the cat Eur J. Appl Physiol. 53 106-11
    • (1984) Eur J. Appl Physiol. , vol.53 , pp. 106-111
    • Petrofsky, J.S.1    Hendershot, D.M.2
  • 99
    • 0029063368 scopus 로고
    • Neuroprostheses for ventilatory support
    • ed G S Brindley and D N Rushton (London: Baillière Tindall)
    • Potter D 1995 Neuroprostheses for ventilatory support. Baillière's Clinical Neurology 4(1). Neuroprostheses ed G S Brindley and D N Rushton (London: Baillière Tindall) pp 77-94
    • (1995) Baillière's Clinical Neurology 4(1). Neuroprostheses , pp. 77-94
    • Potter, D.1
  • 101
    • 0343523983 scopus 로고
    • Choice of nerves or roots for multichannel leg controller implant
    • ed D B Popovic (Belgrade: Nauka)
    • Rushton D N 1990 Choice of nerves or roots for multichannel leg controller implant Advances in External Control of the Human Extremities, X ed D B Popovic (Belgrade: Nauka) pp 99-108
    • (1990) Advances in External Control of the Human Extremities , vol.10 , pp. 99-108
    • Rushton, D.N.1
  • 102
    • 0003312705 scopus 로고
    • Short and long term stability of cortical electrical phosphenes
    • ed F C Rose (London: Blackwell)
    • Rushton D N and Brindley G S 1977 Short and long term stability of cortical electrical phosphenes Physiological Aspects of Clinical Neurology ed F C Rose (London: Blackwell) pp 123-53
    • (1977) Physiological Aspects of Clinical Neurology , pp. 123-153
    • Rushton, D.N.1    Brindley, G.S.2
  • 103
    • 9844261076 scopus 로고
    • Properties of visual phosphenes
    • ed S J Cool (New York: Springer)
    • _ 1978 Properties of visual phosphenes Frontiers of Visual Sciences ed S J Cool (New York: Springer) pp 574-93
    • (1978) Frontiers of Visual Sciences , pp. 574-593
  • 105
    • 0025245451 scopus 로고
    • Anatomical, physiological and theoretical basis for the antiepileptic effect of vagus nerve stimulation
    • Rutecki P 1990 Anatomical, physiological and theoretical basis for the antiepileptic effect of vagus nerve stimulation Epilepsia 31 (Supplement 2) S1-6
    • (1990) Epilepsia , vol.31 , Issue.2 SUPPL.
    • Rutecki, P.1
  • 106
    • 0019470215 scopus 로고
    • The adaptive response of skeletal muscle to increased use
    • Salmons S and Henriksson J 1981 The adaptive response of skeletal muscle to increased use Muscle Nerve 10 94-105
    • (1981) Muscle Nerve , vol.10 , pp. 94-105
    • Salmons, S.1    Henriksson, J.2
  • 108
    • 0013933109 scopus 로고
    • Electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve in man
    • Simmons F B 1966 Electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve in man Arch. Otolaryngol. 84 2-54
    • (1966) Arch. Otolaryngol. , vol.84 , pp. 2-54
    • Simmons, F.B.1
  • 109
    • 0024426956 scopus 로고
    • Cervical magnetic stimulation: A painless method for bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation in conscious humans
    • Simolowski T, Fleury B, Launois S, Cathala H P, Bouche P and Derenne J P 1989 Cervical magnetic stimulation: a painless method for bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation in conscious humans J. Appl Physiol. 67 1311-8
    • (1989) J. Appl Physiol. , vol.67 , pp. 1311-1318
    • Simolowski, T.1    Fleury, B.2    Launois, S.3    Cathala, H.P.4    Bouche, P.5    Derenne, J.P.6
  • 110
    • 0021235003 scopus 로고
    • Injury to innervation of the pelvic floor sphincter musculature in childbirth
    • Snooks S J, Setchell M, Swash M and Henry M M 1984 Injury to innervation of the pelvic floor sphincter musculature in childbirth Lancet 2 546-50
    • (1984) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 546-550
    • Snooks, S.J.1    Setchell, M.2    Swash, M.3    Henry, M.M.4
  • 112
    • 9844220766 scopus 로고
    • personal communication
    • Satcliffe J 1995 personal communication
    • (1995)
    • Satcliffe, J.1
  • 113
    • 7144257990 scopus 로고
    • Conditioning of skeletal muscle by long-term functional electrical stimulation-implications for the development of practical systems
    • ed L S Illis (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
    • Swain I D 1992 Conditioning of skeletal muscle by long-term functional electrical stimulation-implications for the development of practical systems (Spinal Cord Dysfunction 3) Functional Stimulation ed L S Illis (Oxford: Oxford University Press) pp 75-205
    • (1992) (Spinal Cord Dysfunction 3) Functional Stimulation , pp. 75-205
    • Swain, I.D.1
  • 115
    • 0030986670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sacral rhizotomies and electrical bladder stimulation in spinal cord injury. Part 1: Clinical and urodynamic Analysis
    • van Kerrebroeck P E V, van der Aa H E, Bosch J L H R, Koldewijn E L, Vorsteveld J H C, Debruyne F M J and the Dutch Study Group on Sacral Anterior Root Stimulation 1997 Sacral rhizotomies and electrical bladder stimulation in spinal cord injury. Part 1: clinical and urodynamic Analysis Eur. Urol. 31 263-71
    • (1997) Eur. Urol. , vol.31 , pp. 263-271
    • Van Kerrebroeck, P.E.V.1    Van der Aa, H.E.2    Bosch, J.L.H.R.3    Koldewijn, E.L.4    Vorsteveld, J.H.C.5    Debruyne, F.M.J.6
  • 117
    • 84941534117 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary results of therapeutic electrical stimulation utilizing epimysial electrodes
    • ed D B Popovic (Belgrade: TANJUG)
    • Waters R L, Campbell J and Nakai R 1987 Preliminary results of therapeutic electrical stimulation utilizing epimysial electrodes Advances in the External Control of Human Extremities IX ed D B Popovic (Belgrade: TANJUG) pp 65-9
    • (1987) Advances in the External Control of Human Extremities , vol.9 , pp. 65-69
    • Waters, R.L.1    Campbell, J.2    Nakai, R.3
  • 118
    • 0021800935 scopus 로고
    • Functional electrical stimulation of the peroneal nerve for hemiplegia
    • Waters R L, McNeal D R, Faloon W and Clifford B 1985 Functional electrical stimulation of the peroneal nerve for hemiplegia J. Bone Joint Surg 67 792-3
    • (1985) J. Bone Joint Surg , vol.67 , pp. 792-793
    • Waters, R.L.1    McNeal, D.R.2    Faloon, W.3    Clifford, B.4
  • 119
    • 3242732017 scopus 로고
    • Artificial sensors suitable for closed-loop control of FNS
    • ed R B Stein, P H Peckham and D B Popovic (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
    • Webster J G 1992 Artificial sensors suitable for closed-loop control of FNS Neural Prostheses ed R B Stein, P H Peckham and D B Popovic (Oxford: Oxford University Press) pp 88-98
    • (1992) Neural Prostheses , pp. 88-98
    • Webster, J.G.1
  • 121
    • 0021164346 scopus 로고
    • A double-blind trial of chronic cerebellar stimulation in twelve patients with severe epilepsy
    • Wright G D, McLellan D L and Brice J G 1984 A double-blind trial of chronic cerebellar stimulation in twelve patients with severe epilepsy J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 47 769-74
    • (1984) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry , vol.47 , pp. 769-774
    • Wright, G.D.1    McLellan, D.L.2    Brice, J.G.3
  • 122
    • 9844239834 scopus 로고
    • Rehabilitation of patients following traction lesion of the brachial plexus
    • ed J K Terzis (Philadelphia, PA: Saunders)
    • Wynn Parry C B, Frampton V and Monteith A 1987 Rehabilitation of patients following traction lesion of the brachial plexus Microreconstruction of Nerve Injuries ed J K Terzis (Philadelphia, PA: Saunders)
    • (1987) Microreconstruction of Nerve Injuries
    • Wynn Parry, C.B.1    Frampton, V.2    Monteith, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.