Anatomical and surgical aspects of splenic segmentectomies

Annals of Anatomy

Volumn 179, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 461-474

  Christo, Marcelo Campos ^a   DiDio, Liberato J A ^b  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MINAS GERAIS   (Brazil)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SANTO AMARO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Anatomicosurgical segments; Autotransplantation; Segmentectomy; Splenic anatomy; Splenic segmentation; Splenorrhaphies; Trauma

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; AUTOTRANSPLANTATION; DOG; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; LAPAROTOMY; NONHUMAN; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; POSTOPERATIVE INFECTION; SPLEEN INJURY; SPLEEN TRANSPLANTATION; SPLENECTOMY; SURGICAL ANATOMY; VASCULARIZATION;

ANIMALIA; CANIS FAMILIARIS;

EID: 0030830863     PISSN: 09409602     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0940-9602(97)80050-7     Document Type: Article

References (144)

1. Abrantes W, De Lucena MSMM, Schlobach MC (1994) Cirurgia conservadora esplenica na criança. Rev Ass Med Bras 40: 113-117
2. Aigner K, Dobroschke J, Weber EG, Schwemmle K, Bauer W, Teuber J and Helmke K (1980) Successful reimplantation of the splenic tissue after neonatal abdominal trauma. Lancet 1: 360-361
3. Andrade JI, Marson F, Santos SR, Hsien CT, Ceneviva R (1991) Splenic trauma associated or not to concomitant injuries to other organs. Rev Col Bras Cir 28: 11-14
4. Balfanz JR, Nesbit Jr ME, Jarvis C and Krivit W (1976) Overwhelming sepsis following splenectomy for trauma. J Pediatr Surg 88: 458-460
5. Barrett J, Sheaff C, Abuabara S and Jonasson O (1983) Splenic preservation in adults after blunt and penetrating trauma. Am J Surg 145: 313-317
6. Beal SL and Spisso JM (1988) The risk of splenorrhaphy. Arch Surg 123: 1158-1163
7. Benjamin JT, Komp DM, Shaw A and McMillan CW (1978) Alternatives to total splenectomy: Two case reports. J Pediatr Surg 13: 137-138
8. Boland JP (1981) in Patel et al. (1981) Discussion of cases
9. Bongard FS and Lim Jr RC (1985) Surgery of traumatized spleen. World J Surg 9: 391-397
10. Boyden EA (1945) The intrahilar and related segmental anatomy of the lung. Surgery 18: 706-731
11. Bowen J and Gough D (1994) Splenic regeneration does not occur after sub-total splenectomy. Pediatr Surg Int 9: 423-424
12. Bradshaw PH and Thomas Jr CG (1982) Partial splenectomy and overwhelming infection in rats. J Surg Res 2: 173-175
13. Buntain WL and Gould HR (1985) Splenic trauma in children and techniques of splenic salvage. World J Surg 9: 398-409
14. Buntain WL, Gould HR and Maull KI (1988) Predictability of splenic salvage by computed tomography. J Trauma 28: 24-34
15. Buntain WL and Lynn HB (1979) Splenorrhaphy: changing concepts for traumatized spleen. Surgery 86: 748-760
16. Burrington JD (1977) Surgical repair of a ruptured spleen in children. Ann Surg 112: 417-419
17. Buyukunal C, Danismend N and Yeker D (1987) Spleen saving procedures in pediatric trauma. Br J Surg 74: 350-352
18. Christo MC (1959 a) Esplenectomias parciais regradas. Nota previa sobre os tres primeiros casos operados. Hospital 56: 645-650
19. Christo MC (1959 b) Esplenectomias (Lienectomias) parciales sistematizadas (réglées). Prensa Med Argent 46: 2189
20. Christo MC (1960) Splenectomies partielles réglées. A propos de trois cas operés. Presse Méd. 68: 485-486
21. Christo MC (1962) Segmental resections of the spleen. Report on the first eight cases operated on. Hospital 52: 187-204
22. Christo MC (1963) Anatomical and experimental basis of the partial splenectomies. Rev Bras Cir 46: 80-90
23. Christo MC (1993) Partial splenectomies in hematologic diseases. Chirurg Gastroenterol 9 (Suppl 2): 23-29
24. Cogbill TH, Moore EE, Jurkovitch GJ, Morris JA, Mucha Jr P and Schackford SR (1989) Nonoperative management of blunt splenic trauma: a multicenter experience. J Trauma 29: 1312-1317
25. Cole WH, Majarakis JD and Limarzi LR (1955) Surgical aspects of splenic disease. Arch Surg 71: 33-46
26. Cooney DR, Dearth JC, Swanson SE, Dewanjee MK, Telander RL (1979) Relative merits of partial splenectomy splenic reimplantation and immunization in preventing postsplenectomy infection. Surgery 86: 561-569
27. Cooney DR, Michalak WA, Fisher JE (1981) Comparative methods of splenic preservation. J Pediatric Surg 16: 327-338
28. Corazza GR, Tarozzi C, Vaira D, Frisoni M and Gasbarrini G (1984) Return of splenic function after splenectomy: how much tissue is needed? Br Med J 289: 861-864
29. Couinaud C (1954) Bases anatomiques des hepatectomies gauche et droite réglées. Techniques qui en decoulent. J Chir 70: 933-936
30. Cullingford GL, Watkins DN, Watts AD and Mallon DF (1991) Severe late postsplenectomy infection. Br J Surg 78: 716-721
31. Daher M and Nassif Y (1991) Conservation splenique dans les plaies par armes a feu. J Med Liban 39: 20-24
32. Delany HM, Porreca F, Mitsudo S, Solanki B, Rudavsky A (1982) Splenic capping: an experimental study of a new technique for splenorrhaphy using woven polyglycocolic acid mesh. Ann Surg 196: 187-193
33. Delany HM, Rudavsky AZ and Lan S (1985) Preliminary experience with absorbable mesh splenorrhaphy. J Trauma 25: 909-913
34. Derisi D, Petrelli NS, Cohen H, Williams P and Ambrus JL (1982) Attempts to bypass the need for splenectomy in splenic injury. J Surg Oncol 19: 74-76
35. DiDio LJA (1956) [Applied anatomy of the renal veins. The importance of the "aorticomesenteric forceps" The renal segments] (In Portuguese). Anais da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Minas Gerais 16: 51-202
36. DiDio LJA (1982) Segments of the liver. The anatomical basis for partial hepatectomy. In Motta PM and DiDio LJA (eds) Basic and Clinical Hepatology. The Hague, The Netherlands, Martinus Nijhoff Publ Co
37. DiDio LJA (1988) Anatomicosurgical segments. Giorn Accad Med Torino 151: 107-120
38. DiDio LJA (1989) Anatomicosurgical segmentation as a principle of construction of the human body and its clinical applications. Verhandl Anat Gesellsch Anat Anz (Suppl) 164: 737-743
39. DiDio LJA (1994) Anatomicosurgical segments of the liver. Proceed II Internat Conference on the "Future of Science has Begun". Milan, Italy 127-150
40. DiDio LJA and Lopes AC (1995) Clinical and surgical importance of anatomicosurgical segments and subsegments of the human body. Journ Braz Med Assoc 41: 167-177
41. Douglas GP and Simpson JE (1971) The conservative management of splenic trauma. J Pediatr Surg 6: 565-570
42. Dretzka L (1930) Rupture of the spleen. A report of twenty-seven cases. Surg Gynecol Obst 51: 258-261
43. Duke BJ, Modin GW, Schecter WP and Horn HK (1993) Transfusion significantly increases the risk for infection after splenic injury. Arch Surg 128: 1125-1132
44. Ein SH, Shandling B, Simpson JS and Stephens CA (1978) Nonoperative management of traumatized spleen in children: how and why? J Pediatr Surg 13: 117-119
45. Elmore JR, Clark DE, Isler RJ and Horner WR (1989) Selective nonoperative management of blunt splenic trauma in adults. Arch Surg 124: 581-586
46. Fekete F, Bahnini A, Breil Ph and Belghiti J (1982) Traitement conservateur des traumatismes de la rate. Chirurgie 108: 189-196
47. Feliciano DV, Bitondo CG, Mattox KL, Rumishek JD, Burch JN and Jordan GL (1985) A fouryear experience with splenectomy versus splenorrhaphy. Ann Surg 201: 568-575
48. Feliciano DV, Patrinely VS, Burch JN, Mattox KL, Bitondo CG, Martocei VPC and Jordan Jr GL (1990) Splenorrhaphy. The alternative. Ann Surg 211: 569-582
49. Gieseler HJ (1965) Anatomische und experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Mechanik und Symptomatologie der traumatischen Milzrupturen. Lang Arch klin Chir 309: 340-367
50. Giuliano AE and Lim Jr RC (1981) Is splenic salvage safe in traumatized patient? Arch Surg 116: 651-656
51. Gofstein R and Gellis SS (1956) Splenectomy in infancy and childhood; question of overwhelming infection following operation. AMA J Dis Child 91: 566-569
52. Gopal V and Bisno AL (1977) Fulminant pneumococcal infections in "normal" asplenic hosts. Arch Intern Med 137: 1526-1530
53. Graves FT (1954) The anatomy of the intrarenal arteries and its application to the segmental resection of the kidney. Br J Surg 42: 132-139
54. Greco RS and Alvarez FE (1981) Protection against pneumococcal bacteremia by partial splenectomy. Surg Gynec Obst 152: 67-69
55. Grosfeld J (1981) in King et al (1981) Discussion of cases
56. Gross P (1964) Zur kindlichen traumatischen Milzruptur. Beitrag Klin Chir 208: 396-402
57. Habeler RF, Ward RE, Miller PW and BenMenachem Y (1982) The management of splenic injury. J Trauma 22: 492-495
58. Hayari L, E Livne and Bar-Maor JA (1994) Does the spleen regenerate after partial splenectomy? A morphological biochemical and radioautographic study in rats. Pediatr Surg Int 9: 35-40
59. Horton J, Ogden ME, Williams S and Coln D (1982) The importance of the splenic blood flow in clearing pneumococcal organisms. Ann Surg 195: 172-176
60. Huntley CC (1958) Infection following splenectomy in infants and children; a review of experience at Duke Hospital in infants and children during a twenty two years period (1933-1954). AMA J Dis Child 95: 477-480
61. Huu N (1956) Territoires arteriels de la rate. II Etudes experimentales. Possibilité de ressection partielle reglée de la rate. Presse Méd 64: 1749-1750
62. Jalovec LM, Boe BS and Wyfells PL (1993) The advantages of early operation with splenorrhaphy versus nonoperative management for blunt splenic trauma patients. Am Surg 59: 698-706
63. Kaiser S (1981) Tratamento cirurgico sem esplenectomia do trauma do baço (editorial) Rev Col Bras Cir 8: 261-262
64. King DR, Lobe TE, Haase GM and Boles Jr ET (1981) Selective management of injured spleen. Surgery 90: 677-682
65. King H and Schumacker Jr HB (1952) Splenic Studies. I Susceptibility to infection after splenectomy performed in infancy. Ann Surg 136: 239-242
66. Kohn JS, Clark DE, Isler RJ and Pope CF (1994) Is computed tomographic grading injury useful in the nonsurgical management of blunt trauma? J Trauma 36: 385-389
67. Kovacs KF, Caride VJ and Touloukian RJ (1981) Regeneration of splenic autotransplantats in sucking and adult rats. Arch Surg 116: 335-336
68. Kreis DJ Jr, Montero N, Saltz R, Echenique M, Plasencia G, Santisban R, Gomez GA, Vopal JJ and Civetta JM (1987) The role of splenorrhaphy in splenic trauma. Am Surgeon 53: 307-309
69. LaMura J, Chung-Fat SP and San Fillipo JA (1977) Splenorrhaphy for treatment of splenic rupture in infants and children. Surgery 81: 497-500
70. Lange DA, Zarct P, Merlotti GJ, Robin AP, Sheaf G and Barret JA (1988) The use of absorbable mesh in splenic trauma. J Trauma 28: 269-275
71. Livingstone CD, Levine BA and Sirinek KB (1983) Site of splenic autotransplantation affects protection from sepsis. Am J Surg 146: 734-737
72. Luna GK and Dellinger EP (1987) Nonoperative observation for splenic injuries: a safe therapeutic option? Am J Surg 153: 462-468
73. Mahon PA and Sutton Jr JE (1985) Nonoperative management of adult splenic injury due to blunt trauma: a warning. Am J Surg 149: 716-721
74. Malangoni MA, Levine AW, Droege EA, Aprahamian C and Condon RE (1984) Management of injury to the spleen in adults. Results of early operation and observation. Ann Surg 200: 702-705
75. Michalski S, Blankenhorn P, Lepsien G und Ludtke FE (1991) Letale Sepsis nach Splenektomie trotz Reimplantation von Milzgewebe. Klin Wochenschr 69: 375-378
76. Mazel MS (1945) Traumatic rupture of the spleen. With special reference to its characteristics in young children. J Pediatrics 26: 82-88
77. Millikan JS, Moore EE, Moore GE and Stevens RE (1982) Alternatives to splenectomy in adults after trauma repair partial resection and reimplantation of splenic tissue. Am J Surg 144: 711-716
78. Mishalany H (1974) Repair of the ruptured spleen. J Pediatr Surg 9: 175-178
79. Mishalany HG, Mahour GH, Andrassy RJ, Harrison MR and Wooley MM (1978) Modalities of preservation of traumatized spleen. Am J Surg 136: 697-700
80. Mizrahi S, Bickel A, Hai M, Lunski I, Shtamler B (1989) Postraumatic autotransplantation of spleen tissue. Arch Surg 124: 863-865
81. Moore FA, Moore EE, Moore GE and Erdoes L (1993) Fivefold enlargement of implants in a splenic autotransplant recipient. Surgery 113: 462-465
82. Moore FA, Moore EE, Moore GE and Millikan JS (1984) Risk of splenic salvage after trauma Analysis of 200 adults. Am J Surg 148: 800-805
83. Moore GE, Stevens RE, Moore EE and Aragon GE (1983) Failure of splenic implants to protect against fatal postsplenectomy infection. Am J Surg 146: 413-414
84. Morgenstern L (1965) Experimental partial splenectomy: Application of cyanoacrylate monomer tissue adhesive for hemostasis. Am Surgeon 31: 709-712
85. Morgenstern L (1974) Microcrystalline collagen used in experimental splenic injury. A new surface hemostatic agent. Arch Surg 109: 47-55
86. Morgenstern L (1986) Evolution of splenic surgery from mythology to modernity. Contemporary Surgery 29: 15-18
87. Morgenstern L, Kahn FG, Weinstein IM (1966) Subtotal splenectomy in myelofibrosis. Surgery 60: 336-339
88. Morgenstern L and Shapiro SJ (1979) Techniques of splenic conservation. Arch Surg 114: 449-454
89. Morgenstern L and Uycda RY (1983) Nonoperative management of injuries of the spleen in adults. Surg Gynecol Obst 157: 513-518
90. Neder AM (1958) [Anatomical study of the splenic venous segments and of their drainage in man] (In Portuguese). Anais Fac Med Univ Fed Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte 18: 265-310
91. Nallathambi MN, Yvatury RR, Wapnir I and Rohman M (1988) Nonoperative management versus early operation for blunt trauma in adults. Surg Gynecol Obst 166: 252-258
92. Nunes ML, Figueiredo HB and Abrantes WL (1986) Abdominal trauma in children. Rev Col Bras Cir 13: 206-210
93. Okinaga K, Giebink GS, Rick RH, Baesl TJ, Krishnanaik D and Leonard AS (1981) The effect of partial splenectomy on experimental pneumococcal bacteremia in animal model. J Pediatr Surg 16: 717-724
94. Pabst R, Kamran D (1986) Autotransplantation of splenic tissue. J Pediatr Surg 21: 120-124
95. Pabst R, Kamran D and Creutzig H (1984) Splenic regeneration and blood flow after ligation of the splenic artety or partial splenectomy. Am J Surg 147: 383-386
96. Patcher HL, Hofstetter SR and Spencer FC (1981) Evolving concepts in splenic surgery: splenorrhaphy versus splenectomy and postsplenectomy drainage. Experience in 105 patients. Ann Surg 194: 262-269
97. Patcher HL, Spencer FC, Hofstetter SR, Liang HG, Hoballah J and Coppa GF (1990) Experience with selective operative and nonoperative treatment of splenic injuries in 193 patients. Ann Surg 583-591
98. Patel JA, Williams JS, Shmigel B and Hinshaw JR (1981) Preservation of splenic function by autotransplantation of traumatized spleen in man. Surgery 90: 683-88
99. Pearson HA, Johnston D, Smith KA and Touloukian RJ (1978) The bornagain spleen. Return of splenic function after splenectomy for trauma. N Engl J Med 298: 1389-1392
100. Perry JF (1981) in Patel et al (1981) Discussion of cases
101. Pickhardt B, Moore EE, Moore FA, McCroskey BL and Moore GE (1989) Operative splenic salvage in adults a decade perspective. J Trauma 29: 1386-1391
102. Pisters WP and Patcher HE (1994) Autologous transplantation for splenic trauma. Ann Surg 219: 225-235
103. Rabelo GD, Abrantes WL, Drumond DAF (1991) Splenectomy versus conservative surgery for splenic injury. Rev Col Bras Cir 18: 80-86
104. Ratner MH, Garrow E, Valda V, Shashikumar VL and Sommers LA (1977) Surgical repair of the injured spleen. J Pediatr Surg 12: 1019-1025
105. Rescinitti A, Fink WP, Raptopoulos V, Davidoff A and Silva WE (1988) Nonoperative treatment of adult splenic trauma: development of a computed tomographic scoring system that detects appropriate candidates for expectant management. J Trauma 28: 828-831
106. Rice HM and James PD (1980) Ectopic splenic tissue failed to prevent fatal pneumococcal septicaemia after splenectomy for trauma. Lancet 1: 565-566
107. Sab W, Bergholz M, Kehl A, Seifert J and Hamalmann H (1983) Overwhelming infection after splenectomy in spite of some spleen remainilng and splenosis. A case report. Klin Wochenschr 61: 1075-1079
108. Saudemont A, Chambon JP, Wurtz A, Quandalle P (1992) Le traitement conservateur dans le traumatismes de la rate chez l'adulte. Ann Chir 46: 324-329
109. Scheele J, Bocker D and Stangl R (1993) Chirurgische Methoden der Milzerhaltung. Chirurg Gastroenterol 9 (suppl 2): 98-106
110. Scheele J, Gentsch HH and Matteson E (1984) Splenic repair by fibrin tissue adhesive and collagen fleece. Surgery 95: 6-13
111. Scher KS, Scott-Conner C, Jones CW, Wroczynsky AF (1985) Method of splenic preservation and their effect on clearance pneumococcal bacteremia. Ann Surg 202: 595-599
112. Schwartz SI, Lillehei RC, Shires GT, Spencer FC and Storer EH (1974) Principles of Surgery. New York McGraw-Hill New York 2nd ed, p 1286
113. Scully RE ed (1975) Case 36-1975 Case records of Massachusetts General Hospital. N Engl J Med 293: 547-553
114. Shackford SR (1988) in Lange et al (1988) Discussion of cases
115. Shackford SR, Sise MJ, Virgilio RW and Peters RM (1981) Evaluation of splenorrhaphy: a grading system for splenic trauma. J Trauma 21: 538-542
116. Shah HR, Cue JI, Boyd CM and Cohne JB (1987) Splenic solitary abscess: a new complication of splenic salvage treated by percutaneous drainage. J Trauma 27: 337-338
117. Sherman NJ and Ausch MJ (1978) Conservative surgery of splenic injuries. Pediatrics 61: 267-271
118. Sherman R (1980) Perspectives in management of trauma in the spleen: 1979 Presidential address American Association for Surgery of Trauma. J Trauma 20: 1-13
119. Shushpanov EM (1977) Organsaving operations in damages of the spleen. Khirurgia 6: 39-41
120. Singer DB (1973) Postsplenectomy sepsis. In HS Rosenberg and RP Boland (eds). Perspectives Pediatr Pathol Chicago Year Book Medical Publishers, pp 1: 285-311
121. Smith CH, Erlandson M, Schulman I and Stern G (1957) Hazard of severe infection in splenectomized infants and children. Am J Med 22: 390-404
122. Smith Jr JS, Wengrovitz MA and Delong BS (1992) Prospective validation of criteria including age for safe nonsurgical management of ruptured spleen. J Trauma 33: 363-369
123. Soutter AD, Ellenbogen J and Folkman J (1994) Splenosis is regulated by a circulating factor J Pediatr Surg 29: 1076-1079
124. Spencer FC (1985) in Feliciano et al (1985) Discussion of cases
125. Stiegmann GV, Moore Jr EE and Moore GE (1979) Failure of splenic repair. J Trauma 19: 698-700
126. Strauch GO (1979) Preservation of splenic function in adults and children with injured spleens. Am J Surg 137, 478-483
127. Timens W and Leemans R (1992) Splenic autotransplantation and immune system. Ann Surg 215: 256-266
128. Traub A, Giebink GS, Smith C, Kuni CC, Brekke ML, Edlund M and Perry JF (1987) Splenic reticuloendothelial function after splenectomy spleen repair and splenic autotransplantation. N Engl J Med 317: 1559-1564
129. Traub A and Perry Jr JF (1982) Splenic preservation following splenic trauma. J Trauma 22: 496-501
130. Tricarico A, Sicoli F, Calise E, Iavazzo E, Salvatore M and Mansi L (1993) Conservative treatment in splenic trauma. JR Coll Surg Edinb 38: 145-148
131. Upadhyaya P, Nayak NC and Moitra S (1971) Experimental study of splenic trauma in monkeys. J Pediatr Surg 6: 767-773
132. Upadhyaya P and Simpson JS (1968) Splenic trauma in children. Surg Gynecol Obst 126: 781-790
133. VanWick DB, Witte MH, Witte CL and Thies Jr AC (1980) Critical splenic mass for survival from experimental pneumococcemia. J Surg Res 28: 14-17
134. Velcek ET, Jongco B, Shaftan GW, Klotz DH, Rao SP, Schifman G and Kottmeier PK (1982) Posttraumatic splenic reimplantation in children. J Pediatr Surg 17: 879-883
135. Weinstein MJ, Govin GG, Rice CL and Virgilio RN (1979) Splenorrhaphy for splenic trauma. J Trauma 19: 692-697
136. Welch KJ (1979) Abdominal injuries. In Pediatric surgery. Chicago, Year Book Medical Publ pp 125-147
137. Westermann J, Willfuhr KU and Pabst R (1988) Influence of donor and host age on the regeneration and blood flow of splenic transplants. J Pediatr Surg 23: 835-838
138. Wisner DH and Blaisdell FW (1992) When to save the ruptured spleen. Surgery 111: 121-122
139. Witte CL, Esser MJ and Rappaport WD (1992) Updating the management of salvageable splenic injury. Ann Surg 215: 261-265
140. Yvatury RR, Simon RJ, Guignard J, Kazigo J, Gunduz Y and Stahl WM (1993) The spleen at risk after penetrating trauma. J Trauma 35: 409-414
141. Zappalá A (1958) [Anatomical study of the terminal division of the arteria lienalis. Arterial segments of the spleen]. (In Portuguese) PhD dissertation University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil
142. Zappalá A (1959) [Contribution to the anatomy of the splenic vessels and segments. Anatomical data in man and experimental in dogs for partial splenectomy] (In Portuguese) Chairmanship thesis University of Recife Brazil
143. Zappala A (1963) [The anatomical basis for segmental resection of the spleen] (In Portuguese) An Fac Med Univ Recife 23: 7-36
144. Zikoff V (1895) O Prishivanii Selezionki (on suturing spleen) Vrach 995-1000