Pelagic flagellate populations in the southern North Sea, 1988-89. I. Qualitative observations

Journal of Plankton Research

Volumn 19, Issue 8, 1997, Pages 1081-1109

  Novarino, G ^a   Mills, D K ^b,d   Hannah, F ^c  

^a DEPARTMENT OF LIFE SCIENCES   (United Kingdom)

^b BANGOR UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY MARINE BIOLOGICAL STATION   (United Kingdom)

^d CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENT   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHECK LISTS; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; FLAGELLATE; PELAGIC ENVIRONMENT; PLANKTON; SPECIES INVENTORY;

NORTH SEA;

BODONIDAE; CHOANOFLAGELLIDA; CHRYSOPHYCEAE; COCCOLITHOPHORACEAE; CRYPTOPHYTA; DINOPHYCEAE; EUGLENA; MASTIGOPHORA (FLAGELLATES); PRASINOPHYCEAE; UNIDENTIFIED CRYPTOMONAD;

EID: 0030824311     PISSN: 01427873     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/plankt/19.8.1081     Document Type: Article

References (99)

1. Aaronson, S. (1974) The biology and ultrastructure of phagotrophy in Ochromonas danica (Chrysophyceae: Chrysomonadida). J. Gen. Microbiol., 83, 21-29.
2. Andersson, A., Flak, S., Samuelsson, G. and Hagstrom, A. (1989) Nutritional characteristics of a mixotrophic nanoflagellate, Ochromonas sp. Microb. Ecol., 17, 251-262.
3. Aune, T., Skulberg, O.M. and Underdal, B. (1992) A toxic phytoflagellate bloom of Chrysochromulina cf. leadbeateri in coastal waters in the north of Norway, May-June 1991. Ambio, 21, 471-474.
4. Berninger, U.-G., Caron, D.A., Sanders, R.W. and Finlay, B.L. (1991) Heterotrophic flagellates of planktonic communities, their characteristics and methods of study. In Patterson, D.J. and Larsen, J. (eds), The Biology of Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 39-56.
5. Booth, B.C., Lewin, J. and Norris, R.E. (1982) Nanoplankton species predominant in the subarctic Pacific in May and June 1978. Deep-Sea Res., 29, 185-200.
6. Booth, B.C., Lewin, J. and Postel, J.R. (1993) Temporal variation in the structure of autotrophic and heterotrophic communities in the subarctic Pacific. Prog. Oceanogr., 32, 57-99.
7. Boraas, M.E., Estep, K.W., Johnson, P.W. and Sieburth, J.McN. (1988) Phagotrophic phototrophs: the ecological significance of mixotrophy. J. Protozool., 35, 249-252.
8. Boraas, M.E., Seale, D.B. and Holen, D. (1992) Predatory behavior of Ochromonas analyzed with video microscopy. Arch. Hydrobiol., 123, 459-468.
9. Braarud, T. (1935) The 'Øst' expedition to the Denmark Strait 1929. II. The phytoplankton and its conditions of growth (including some qualitative data from the Arctic in 1930). Hvalradets Skr., 10, 1-173.
10. Buck, K.R. and Garrison, D.L. (1983) Protists from the ice-edge region of the Weddel Sea. Deep-Sea Res., 30, 1261-1277.
11. Butcher, R.W. (1952) Contributions to our knowledge of the smaller marine algae. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 52, 175-191.
12. Butcher, R.W. (1959) An introductory account of the smaller algae of British coastal waters. Part I: Introduction and Chlorophyceae. Fish. Invest. London Ser. 4, 1-74.
13. Butcher, R.W. (1961) An introductory account of the smaller algae of British coastal waters. Part III: Euglenophyceae = Eugleninae. Fish. Invest. London Ser. 4, 1-17.
14. Butcher, R.W. (1967) An introductory account of the smaller algae of British coastal waters. Part IV: Cryptophyceae. Fish. Invest. London Ser. 4, 1-54.
15. Chang, F.H. (1983) Winter phytoplankton and microzooplankton populations off the coast of Westland, New Zealand, 1979. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwater Res., 17, 279-304.
16. Chrétiennot-Dinet, M.J. (1990) Atlas du phytoplancton marin. Editions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, Vol. III.
17. da Cunha, A.M. (1914) Contribuçao para o conhecimento da fauna de Protozoarios do Brazil. II. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 6, 169-179.
18. Doddema, H. and van der Veer, J. (1983) Ochromonas monicis sp. nov., a particle feeder with bacterial endosymbionts. Crypt. Alg., 4, 89-97.
19. Dodge, J.D. (1981) Provisional Atlas of the Marine Dinoflagellates of the British Isles. Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Monks Wood Experimental Station, Huntingdon.
20. Dodge, J.D. (1982) Marine Dinoflagellates of the British Isles. HMSO, London.
21. Drebes, G. (1974) Marine Phytoplankton. Thieme, Stuttgart.
22. Dubowsky, N. (1974) Selectivity of ingestion and digestion in the chrysomonad flagellate Ochromonas malhamensis. J. Protozool., 21, 295-298.
23. Ehrenberg, C.G. (1839) Über noch jetz zahlreich lebende Thierarten der Kreidebildung und der Organismus der Polythalamien. Phys. Abh. K. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1841, 81-174.
24. Ettl, H. (1979) Die Gattungen Carteria Diesing emend. Francé und Provasoliella A.R. Loeblich. J.Cramer, Vaduz.
25. Fenchel, T. (1986) The ecology of heterotrophic microflagellates. Adv. Microb. Ecol., 9, 57-97.
26. Gardiner, W.E. and Dawes, C.J. (1987) Seasonal variation of nanoplankton flagellate densities in Tampa Bay, Florida. Bull. Mar. Sci., 40, 231-239.
27. Green, J.C. (1976) Corymbellus aureus gen. et sp. nov., a new colonial member of the Haptophyceae. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 56, 31-38.
28. Griessmann, K. (1913) Über marine Flagellaten. Arch. Protistenkd., 32, 1-78.
29. Halldal, P. (1953) Phytoplankton investigations from Weather Ship M in the Norwegian Sea, 1948-49 (including observations during the 'Armauer Hansen' cruise, July 1949). Hvalradets Skr., 38, 1-91.
30. Hannah, F.J. and Boney, A.D. (1983) Nanophytoplankton in the Firth of Clyde, Scotland: seasonal abundance, carbon fixation and species composition. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 67, 135-147.
31. Hoepffner, N. and Haas, L.W. (1990) Electron microscopy of nanoplankton from the North Pacific central gyre. J. Phycol., 26, 421-439.
32. Howarth, M.J. (1988) The (NERC) North Sea Community Project 1987-1992. Adv. Underwater Technol. Ocean Sci. Offshore Eng., 16, 247-260.
33. Jahnke, J. and Baumann, M.E.M. (1987) Differentiation between Phaeocystis pouchetii (Har.) Lagerheim and Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel. I. Colony shapes and temperature tolerances. Hydrobiol. Bull., 21, 141-147.
34. Jones, H.L.J., Leadbeater, B.S.C. and Green, J.C. (1993) Mixotrophy in marine species of Chrysochromulina (Prymnesiophyceae) - ingestion and digestion of a small green flagellate. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 73, 283-296.
35. Kaartvedt, S., Johnsen, T.M., Aksnes, D.L., Lie, U. and Svendsen, H. (1991) Occurrence of the toxic phytoflagellate Prymnesium parvum and associated fish mortality in a Norwegian fjord system. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 48, 2316-2323.
36. Kaas, H., Larsen, J., Mohlenberg, F. and Richardson, K. (1991) The Chrysochromulina polylepis bloom in the Kattegat (Scandinavia) May-June 1988 - distribution, primary production and nutrient dynamics in the late stage of the bloom. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 79, 151-161.
37. Kent, W.S. (1880-82) A Manual of the Infusoria. David Bogue, London, Vols I-III.
38. Kofoíd, C.A. and Swezy, O. (1921) The free-living unarmoured Dinoflagellata. Univ. Calif. Mem., 5, 1-538.
39. Kuuppo, P. (1994) Annual variation in the abundance and size of heterotrophic nanoflagellates on the SW coast of Finland, the Baltic Sea. J. Plankton Res., 16, 1525-1542.
40. Kuylenstierna, M. and Karlson, B. (1994) Seasonality and composition of pico-and nanoplanktonic cyanobacteria and protists in the Skagerrak. Bot. Mar., 37, 17-33.
41. Lagerheim, G. (1893) Phaeocystis, nov. gen., grundadt pa Tetraspora pouchetii Har. Bot. Not., 1893, 32-33.
42. Larsen, J. and Sournia, A. (1991) The diversity of heterotrophic dinoflagellates. In Patterson, D.J. and Larsen, J. (eds), The Biology of Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 313-32.
43. Lebour, M.V. (1917) The Peridiniales of Plymouth Sound from the region beyond the breakwater. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 11, 183-200.
44. Lebour, M.V. (1925) The Dinoflagellates of Northern Seas. Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth.
45. Lindholm, T. and Virtanen, T. (1992) A bloom of Prymnesium parvum Carter in a small coastal inlet in Dragsfjard, southwestern Finland. Environ. Toxicol. Water Qual., 7, 165-170.
46. Loeblich, A.R.I. (1965) Dinoflagellate nomenclature. Taxon, 14, 15-18.
47. Lohmann, H. (1911) Über das Nannoplankton und die Zentrifugierung kleinster Wasserproben zur Gewinnung desselben in lebenden Zustande. Int. Rev. Ges. Hydrobiol. Hydrogr., 4, 1-38.
48. Lowry, R.K., Cramer, R.N. and Rickards, L.J. (producers) (1992) North Sea Project. Oceanographic data collected in the southern North Sea during the field programme (1988-1991) of the NERC North Sea Community Research Project. British Oceanographic Data Centre, Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory, Bidston Observatory, Birkenhead. CD-ROM.
49. Manton, I. (1977) Dolichomastix (Prasinophyceae) from Arctic Canada, Alaska and South Africa: a new genus of flagellates with scaly flagella. Phycologia, 16, 427-438.
50. Marshall, H.G. (1980) Seasonal phytoplankton composition in the lower Chesapeake Bay and Old Plantation creek, Cape Charles, Virginia. Estuaries, 3, 207-216.
51. McFadden, G.I., Hill, D.R.A. and Wetherbee, R. (1986) A study of the genus Pyramimonas (Prasinophyceae) from southeastern Australia. Nord. J. Bot., 6, 209-234.
52. Mills, D.K., Tett, P. and Novarino, G. (1994) The spring bloom in the south-western North Sea in 1989. Neth. J. Sea Res., 33, 65-80.
53. Moestrup, Ø. (1979) Identification by electron microscopy of marine nanoplankton from New Zealand, including the description of four new species. N.Z. J. Bot., 17, 61-95.
54. Moestrup, Ø. and Thomsen, H.A. (1990) Dictyocha speculum (Silicoflagellata, Dictyochophyceae), studies on armoured stages. Biol. Skr. Dan. Vid. Selsk., 37, 1-57.
55. Moss, S.T. (1991) Thraustochytrids and other zoosporic marine fungi. In Patterson, D.J. and Larsen, J. (eds), The Biology of Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 415-425.
56. Namyslowski, B. (1913) Über unbekannte halophile Mikroorganismen aus dem Innern des Salzbergwerkes Wieliczka. Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie Sér. B Sci. Nat., 3/4, 88-104.
57. Nielsen, T.G., Lokkegaard, B., Richardson, K., Pedersen, F.B. and Hansen, L. (1993) Structure of plankton communities in the Dogger Bank area (North Sea) during a stratified situation. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 95, 115-131.
58. Norris, R.E., Hori, T. and Chihara, M. (1980) Revision of the genus Tetraselmis (Class Prasinophyceae). Bot. Mag. Tokyo, 93, 317-339.
59. Novarino, G. (1991a) Observations on Rhinomonas reticulata and Rhinomonas reticulata var. eleniana var. nov. (Cryptophyceae), with comments on the genera Pyrenomonas and Rhodomonas. Nord. J. Bot., 11, 243-252.
60. Novarino, G. (1991b) Observations on some new and interesting Cryptophyceae. Nord. J. Bot., 11, 599-611.
61. Novarino, G. and Lucas, I.A.N. (1993a) A comparison of some morphological characters in Chroomonasligulata sp. nov. and C. placoidea sp. nov. (Cryptophyceae). Nord. J. Bot., 13, 583-591.
62. Novarino, G. and Lucas, I.A.N. (1993b) Some proposals for a new classification system of the Cryptophyceae. Bot. J. Linn. Soc., 111, 3-21.
63. Novarino, G., Lucas, I.A.N. and Morrall, S. (1994) Observations on the genus Plagioselmis (Cryptophyceae). Crypt. Alg., 15, 87-107.
64. Nozaki, H., Aizawa, K. and Watanabe, M.M. (1994) A taxonomic study of 4 species of Carteria (Volvocales, Chlorophyta) with cruciate anterior papillae, based on cultured material. Phycologia, 33, 239-247.
65. Ostenfeld, C.H. (1904) Phaeocystis pouchetii (Hariot) Lagerh. and its zoospores. Arch. Protistenkd., 3, 295-302.
66. Parke, M. (1949) Studies on marine flagellates. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 28, 255-286.
67. Parke, M. (1966) The genus Pachysphaera (Prasinophyceae). In Barnes, H. (ed.), Some Contemporary Studies in Marine Science. Allen and Unwin, London, pp. 555-563.
68. Parke, M., Green, J.C. and Manton, I. (1971) Observations on the fine structure of zoids of the genus Phaeocystis (Haptophyceae). J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 51, 927-941.
69. Parke, M., Boalch, G.T., Jowett, R. and Harbour, D.S. (1978) The genus Pterosperma (Prasinophyceae): species with a single equatorial ala. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 58, 239-276.
70. Pascher, A. (1911) Über Nannoplanktonten des Süßwassers, Ber. Dtsch. Bot. Ges., 29, 523-533.
71. Patterson, D.J. and Larsen, J. (1992) A perspective on protistan nomenclature. J. Protozool., 39, 125-131.
72. Patterson, D.J., Nygaard, K., Steinberg, G. and Turley, C.M. (1993) Heterotrophic flagellates and other protists associated with oceanic detritus throughout the water column in the mid North Atlantic. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 73, 67-95.
73. Read, N.D., Porter, R. and Beckett, A. (1983) A comparison of preparative techniques for the examination of the external morphology of fungal material with the scanning electron microscope. Can. J. Bot., 61, 2059-2078.
74. Reid, P.C., Lancelot, C., Gieskes, W.W.C., Hagmeier, E. and Weichart, G. (1990) Phytoplankton of the North Sea and its dynamics: a review. Neth. J. Sea Res., 26, 295-331.
75. Rosenzweig, M.L. (1995) Species Diversity in Space and Time. University Press, Cambridge.
76. SAHFOS (1994) Annual Report 1994. Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science, Plymouth.
77. Sanders, R.W. and Porter, K.G. (1988) Phagotrophic phytoflagellates. Adv. Microb. Ecol., 10, 167-192.
78. Schiller, J. (1925) Die planktontischen Vegetationen des adriatischen Meeres. B. Chrysomonadina, Heterokontae, Cryptomonadina, Eugleninae, Volvocales. I. Systematischer Teil. Arch. Protistenkd., 53, 59-123.
79. Schiller, J. (1933) Dinoflagellatae (Peridineae). In Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Österreichs und der Schweiz. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, pp. 1-617.
80. Smith, P.J. and Hobson, L.A. (1994) Temporal variations in the taxonomic composition of flagellated nanoplankton in a temperate fjord. J. Phycol., 30, 369-375.
81. Sournia, A. (1988) Phaeocystis (Prymnesiophyceae): how many species? Nova Hedwigia, 47, 211-217.
82. Takayama, H. (1985) Apical groove of unarmored dinoflagellates. Bull. Plankton Soc. Jpn, 32, 129-140.
83. Thomsen, H.A. (1982) Planktonic choanoflagellates from Disko Bugt, West Greenland, with a survey of the marine nanoplankton of the area. Medd. Groønland Biosci., 8, 1-35.
84. Throndsen, J. (1969) Flagellates of Norwegian coastal waters. Nytt Mag. Bot., 16, 161-216.
85. Throndsen, J. (1970a) Flagellates from Arctic waters. Nytt Mag. Bot., 17, 49-57.
86. Throndsen, J. (1970b) Marine planktonic Acanthoecaceans (Craspedophyceae) from Arctic waters. Nytt Mag. Bot., 17, 103-111.
87. Throndsen, J. (1974) Planktonic choanoflagellates from North Atlantic waters. Sarsia, 56, 95-112.
88. Throndsen, J. (1976) Ultra-and nanoplankton flagellates in the Oslofjord, Norway. Blyttia, 34, 237-246 (in Norwegian with English abstract).
89. Throndsen, J. (1978) Preservation and storage. In Sournia, A. (ed.), Phytoplankton Manual. UNESCO, Paris, pp. 69-74.
90. Throndsen, J. (1983) Ultra-and nanoplankton flagellates from coastal waters Southern Honshu and Kyushu, Japan (including some results from the western part of the Kuroshio off Honshu). Working party on taxonomy in the Akashiwo Mondai Kenkyukai Fishing Ground Preservation Division, Research Department, Fisheries Agency, Japan,
91. Toriumi, S. (1990) Katodinium glaucum (Lebour) Loeblich III. In Fukuyo, Y. et al. (eds), Red Tide Organisms in Japan - An Illustrated Taxonomic Guide. Uchida Rokakuho, Tokyo, pp. 72-73.
92. van Meel, L. (1969) Etudes hydrobiologiques sur les eaux saumâtres en Belgique. X. Espèces de protistes rares ou nouveaux pour la côte Belge. Bull. Inst. R. Soc. Nat. Belg., 45, 1-18.
93. Vickerman, K. (1992) The diversity and ecological significance of Protozoa. Biodiversity Conserv., 1, 334-341.
94. Vørs, N. (1992a) Heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoa from the Tvärminne area, Gulf of Finland. Ophelia, 36, 1-109.
95. Vørs, N. (1992b) Ultrastructure and autecology of the marine, heterotrophic flagellate Leucocryptos marina (Braarud) Butcher 1967 (Katablepharidaceae/Kathablepharidae), with a discussion of the genera Leucocryptos and Katablepharis/Kathablepharis. Eur. J. Protistol., 28, 369-389.
96. Vørs, N., Buck, K.R., Chavez, F.P., Eikrem, W., Hansen, L.E., Ostergaard, J.B. and Thomsen, H.A. (1995) Nanoplankton of the equatorial Pacific with emphasis on the heterotrophic protists. Deep-Sea Res. II, 42, 585-602.
97. Walne, P.L., Moestrup, Ø., Norris, R.E. and Ettl, H. (1986) Light and electron microscopical studies of Eutreptiella eupharyngea sp. nov. (Euglenophyceae) from Danish and American waters. Phycologia, 25, 109-126.
98. Weisse, T. and Scheffel-Moser, U. (1990) Morphometric characteristics and carbon content of Phaeocystis cf. pouchetii (Prymnesiophyceae). Bot. Mar., 33, 197-203.
99. Wharton, D.A. and Murray, D.S. (1990) Preparation of the nematode-trapping fungus, Arthrobotrys oligospora, for scanning electron microscopy by freeze-substitution. J. Microsc., 158, 81-85.