Requirement for macrophage elastase for cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in mice

Science

Volumn 277, Issue 5334, 1997, Pages 2002-2004

  Hautamaki, R Dean ^a   Kobayashi, Dale K ^a   Senior, Robert M ^a   Shapiro, Steven D ^a  

^a BARNES JEWISH HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CIGARETTE SMOKE; ELASTASE; MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 1;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANTIGEN EXPRESSION; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ANALYSIS; INHALATION; LUNG EMPHYSEMA; MACROPHAGE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ANIMALS; CELL COUNT; CHEMOKINE CCL2; GENE TARGETING; LUNG; MACROPHAGES, ALVEOLAR; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 12; METALLOENDOPEPTIDASES; MICE; MICE, INBRED C57BL; MICE, INBRED STRAINS; NEUTROPHILS; PLANTS, TOXIC; PULMONARY ALVEOLI; PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA; SMOKE; SMOKING; TOBACCO;

EID: 0030823772     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.277.5334.2002     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. U.S. Centers for Disease Control, U.S. Natl. Cent. Health Stat. Mon. Vital Stat. Rep. 44, 1 (1996); M. Feinleib et al. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 140, S9 (1989); T. D. MacKenzie, C. E. Bartecchi, R. W. Schrier, N. Engl. J. Med. 330, 975 (1994).
2. U.S. Centers for Disease Control, U.S. Natl. Cent. Health Stat. Mon. Vital Stat. Rep. 44, 1 (1996); M. Feinleib et al. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 140, S9 (1989); T. D. MacKenzie, C. E. Bartecchi, R. W. Schrier, N. Engl. J. Med. 330, 975 (1994).
3. U.S. Centers for Disease Control, U.S. Natl. Cent. Health Stat. Mon. Vital Stat. Rep. 44, 1 (1996); M. Feinleib et al. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 140, S9 (1989); T. D. MacKenzie, C. E. Bartecchi, R. W. Schrier, N. Engl. J. Med. 330, 975 (1994).
4. G. L. Snider, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 146, 1334 (1992); ibid., p. 1615; American Thoracic Society, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 152, S77 (1995).
5. G. L. Snider, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 146, 1334 (1992); ibid., p. 1615; American Thoracic Society, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 152, S77 (1995).
6. G. L. Snider, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 146, 1334 (1992); ibid., p. 1615; American Thoracic Society, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 152, S77 (1995).
7. A. Nagai, H. Inano, K. Matsuba, W. M. Thurlbeck, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 150, 1411 (1994).
8. D. E. Niewoehner, J. Kleinerman, D. B. Rice, N. Engl. J. Med. 291, 755 (1974); R. K. Merchant, D. A. Schwartz, R. A. Helmers, C. S. Dayton, G. W. Hunninghake, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 146, 448 (1992); R. Finkelstein, R. S. Fraser, H. Ghezzo, M. G. Cosio, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 152, 1666 (1995).
9. D. E. Niewoehner, J. Kleinerman, D. B. Rice, N. Engl. J. Med. 291, 755 (1974); R. K. Merchant, D. A. Schwartz, R. A. Helmers, C. S. Dayton, G. W. Hunninghake, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 146, 448 (1992); R. Finkelstein, R. S. Fraser, H. Ghezzo, M. G. Cosio, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 152, 1666 (1995).
10. D. E. Niewoehner, J. Kleinerman, D. B. Rice, N. Engl. J. Med. 291, 755 (1974); R. K. Merchant, D. A. Schwartz, R. A. Helmers, C. S. Dayton, G. W. Hunninghake, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 146, 448 (1992); R. Finkelstein, R. S. Fraser, H. Ghezzo, M. G. Cosio, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 152, 1666 (1995).
11. C. B. Laurell and S. E. Ericksson, Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 15, 132 (1963).
12. A. Janoff et al., Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 115, 461 (1977); R. M. Senior et al., ibid. 116, 469 (1977); G. L. Snider et al., ibid. 129, 155 (1984); R. C. Kao, N. G. Wehner, K. M. Skubitz, B. H. Gray, J. R. Hoidal, J. Clin. Invest. 82, 1963 (1988).
13. A. Janoff et al., Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 115, 461 (1977); R. M. Senior et al., ibid. 116, 469 (1977); G. L. Snider et al., ibid. 129, 155 (1984); R. C. Kao, N. G. Wehner, K. M. Skubitz, B. H. Gray, J. R. Hoidal, J. Clin. Invest. 82, 1963 (1988).
14. A. Janoff et al., Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 115, 461 (1977); R. M. Senior et al., ibid. 116, 469 (1977); G. L. Snider et al., ibid. 129, 155 (1984); R. C. Kao, N. G. Wehner, K. M. Skubitz, B. H. Gray, J. R. Hoidal, J. Clin. Invest. 82, 1963 (1988).
15. A. Janoff et al., Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 115, 461 (1977); R. M. Senior et al., ibid. 116, 469 (1977); G. L. Snider et al., ibid. 129, 155 (1984); R. C. Kao, N. G. Wehner, K. M. Skubitz, B. H. Gray, J. R. Hoidal, J. Clin. Invest. 82, 1963 (1988).
16. H. G. Welgus et al., J. Clin. Invest. 86, 1496 (1990); H. A. Chapman Jr., J. S. Munger, G.-P. Shi, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 150, S155 (1994); S. D. Shapiro, ibid., p. S160.
17. H. G. Welgus et al., J. Clin. Invest. 86, 1496 (1990); H. A. Chapman Jr., J. S. Munger, G.-P. Shi, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 150, S155 (1994); S. D. Shapiro, ibid., p. S160.
18. H. G. Welgus et al., J. Clin. Invest. 86, 1496 (1990); H. A. Chapman Jr., J. S. Munger, G.-P. Shi, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 150, S155 (1994); S. D. Shapiro, ibid., p. S160.
19. Z. Werb and S. Gordon, J. Exp. Med. 142, 361 (1975); M. J. Banda and Z. Werb, Biochem. J. 193, 589 (1981).
20. Z. Werb and S. Gordon, J. Exp. Med. 142, 361 (1975); M. J. Banda and Z. Werb, Biochem. J. 193, 589 (1981).
21. S. D. Shapiro et al., J. Biol. Chem. 267, 4664 (1992); S. D. Shapiro, D. K. Kobayashi, T. J. Ley, ibid. 268, 23824 (1993); A. Belaaouaj et al., ibid. 270, 14568 (1995).
22. S. D. Shapiro et al., J. Biol. Chem. 267, 4664 (1992); S. D. Shapiro, D. K. Kobayashi, T. J. Ley, ibid. 268, 23824 (1993); A. Belaaouaj et al., ibid. 270, 14568 (1995).
23. S. D. Shapiro et al., J. Biol. Chem. 267, 4664 (1992); S. D. Shapiro, D. K. Kobayashi, T. J. Ley, ibid. 268, 23824 (1993); A. Belaaouaj et al., ibid. 270, 14568 (1995).
24. J. M. Shipley, R. L. Wesselschmidt, D. K. Kobayashi, T. J. Ley, S. D. Shapiro, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93, 3942 (1996).
25. J. L. Wright and A. Churg, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 142, 1422 (1990).
26. +/+ mice demonstrated progressive inflammatory cell recruitment beginning within the first month of smoking followed by air space enlargement after 3 to 4 months of cigarette exposure (R. D. Hautamaki, D. K. Kobayashi, R. M. Senior, S. D. Shapiro, data not shown). All animal procedures were approved by the institutional review committee of the Washington University School of Medicine.
27. -/- mice.
28. M. S. Dunnill, Thorax 17, 320 (1962). Lm, an indicator of air space size, was calculated for each mouse from 15 random fields at X200 by means of a 50-line counting grid (10-mm total length). The results are the average of measurements done by two independent investigators.
29. To determine alveolar duct enlargement, we measured the proximal surface areas from the terminal bronchiole-alveolar duct transition extending 250 μm into the duct using Optimus 5.2 image analysis software (Optimus, Bothell, WA). An average of 12 ducts per mouse fit this criteria for the 40 mice (four groups of 10 mice).
30. P. E. Desrochers, J. J. Jeffrey, S. J. Weiss, J. Clin. Invest. 87, 2258 (1991); U. I. Sires, G. Murphy, H. G. Welgus, R. M. Senior, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 204, 613 (1994).
31. P. E. Desrochers, J. J. Jeffrey, S. J. Weiss, J. Clin. Invest. 87, 2258 (1991); U. I. Sires, G. Murphy, H. G. Welgus, R. M. Senior, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 204, 613 (1994).
32. We quantified alveolar and interstitial macrophages by counting macrophages identified by murine Mac-3 [rat antibody to mouse (0.5 mg/ml), used at 1:4000 dilution; PharMingen, San Diego, CA] immunostaining using the avidin-biotin alkaline phosphatase technique with 3,3′-diaminobenzidine as the chromogenic substrate. Neutrophils were identified by hematoxylin and eosin. Cell counts were determined by two independent investigators counting 10 random fields each at X400.
33. We thank T. J. Ley and H. G. Welgus for helpful advice, R. McCarthy and D. Young of our transgenic/ gene disruption laboratory, and D. O'Neal and C. Sandford for performing the smoking protocol. Supported in part by NIH, an American Lung Association Career Investigator Award (S.D.S.), the Alan A. and Edith Wolff Charitable Trust, and the Marc and Marjorie Seldin Endowed Fund for Pulmonary Research.