메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 78, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 1363-1372

Canal-specific excitation and inhibition of frog second-order vestibular neurons

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROSTIMULATION; EXCITATORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIAL; FACILITATION; FROG; INHIBITORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIAL; NERVE STIMULATION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEMICIRCULAR CANAL; VESTIBULAR NERVOUS SYSTEM;

EID: 0030823385     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.1997.78.3.1363     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (63)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 0027513230 scopus 로고
    • Two-dimensional spatiotemporal coding of linear acceleration in vestibular nuclei neurons
    • ANGELAKI, D. E., BUSH, G. A., AND PERACHIO, A. A. Two-dimensional spatiotemporal coding of linear acceleration in vestibular nuclei neurons. J. Neurosci. 13: 1403-1417, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 1403-1417
    • Angelaki, D.E.1    Bush, G.A.2    Perachio, A.A.3
  • 2
    • 0021165581 scopus 로고
    • Mode of synaptic transmission between vestibular afferents and neurons of the vestibular nucleus in the frog
    • BABALIAN, A. L. AND SHAPOVALOV, A. I. Mode of synaptic transmission between vestibular afferents and neurons of the vestibular nucleus in the frog. Brain Res. 309: 163-167, 1984.
    • (1984) Brain Res. , vol.309 , pp. 163-167
    • Babalian, A.L.1    Shapovalov, A.I.2
  • 3
    • 0023758574 scopus 로고
    • The vestibular nerve of the chinchilla. II. Relation between afferent response properties and peripheral innervation patterns in the semicircular canals
    • BAIRD, R. A., DESMADRYL, G., FERNÁNDEZ, C., AND GOLDBERG, J. M. The vestibular nerve of the chinchilla. II. Relation between afferent response properties and peripheral innervation patterns in the semicircular canals. J. Neurophysiol. 60: 182-203, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.60 , pp. 182-203
    • Baird, R.A.1    Desmadryl, G.2    Fernández, C.3    Goldberg, J.M.4
  • 4
    • 0022550022 scopus 로고
    • Correspondences between afferent innervation patterns and response dynamics in the bullfrog utricle and lagena
    • BAIRD, R. A. AND LEWIS, E. R. Correspondences between afferent innervation patterns and response dynamics in the bullfrog utricle and lagena. Brain Res. 369: 48-64, 1986.
    • (1986) Brain Res. , vol.369 , pp. 48-64
    • Baird, R.A.1    Lewis, E.R.2
  • 5
    • 0028292915 scopus 로고
    • Peripheral innervation patterns of vestibular nerve afferents in the bullfrog utriculus
    • BAIRD, R. A. AND SCHUFF, N. R. Peripheral innervation patterns of vestibular nerve afferents in the bullfrog utriculus. J. Comp. Neurol. 342: 279-298, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.342 , pp. 279-298
    • Baird, R.A.1    Schuff, N.R.2
  • 6
    • 0021362735 scopus 로고
    • Optimal response planes and canal convergence in secondary neurons in vestibular nuclei of alert cats
    • BAKER, J., GOLDBERG, J., HERMANN, G., AND PETERSON, B. Optimal response planes and canal convergence in secondary neurons in vestibular nuclei of alert cats. Brain Res. 294: 133-137, 1984a.
    • (1984) Brain Res. , vol.294 , pp. 133-137
    • Baker, J.1    Goldberg, J.2    Hermann, G.3    Peterson, B.4
  • 7
    • 0021356124 scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal response properties of secondary neurons that receive convergent input in vestibular nuclei of alert cats
    • BAKER, J., GOLDBERG, J., HERMANN, G., AND PETERSON, B. Spatial and temporal response properties of secondary neurons that receive convergent input in vestibular nuclei of alert cats. Brain Res. 294: 138-143, 1984b.
    • (1984) Brain Res. , vol.294 , pp. 138-143
    • Baker, J.1    Goldberg, J.2    Hermann, G.3    Peterson, B.4
  • 8
    • 0027155091 scopus 로고
    • Encoding of head acceleration in vestibular neurons. I. Spatiotemporal response properties to linear acceleration
    • BUSH, G. A., PERACHIO, A. A., AND ANGELAKI, D. E. Encoding of head acceleration in vestibular neurons. I. Spatiotemporal response properties to linear acceleration. J. Neurophysiol. 69: 2039-2055, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.69 , pp. 2039-2055
    • Bush, G.A.1    Perachio, A.A.2    Angelaki, D.E.3
  • 9
    • 0000387675 scopus 로고
    • Response characteristics of frog's lagena afferents to natural stimulation
    • CASTON, J., PRECHT, W., AND BLANKS, R.H.I. Response characteristics of frog's lagena afferents to natural stimulation. J. Comp. Physiol. 118: 273-290, 1977.
    • (1977) J. Comp. Physiol. , vol.118 , pp. 273-290
    • Caston, J.1    Precht, W.2    Blanks, R.H.I.3
  • 10
    • 1842395116 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic input to oculomotor neurons of the frog
    • COCHRAN, S. L. Synaptic input to oculomotor neurons of the frog. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 18: 19.9, 1992.
    • (1992) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.18 , pp. 199
    • Cochran, S.L.1
  • 11
    • 0023234746 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological aspects of excitatory synaptic transmission to second-order vestibular neurons in the frog
    • COCHRAN, S. L., KASIK, P., AND PRECHT, W. Pharmacological aspects of excitatory synaptic transmission to second-order vestibular neurons in the frog. Synapse 1: 102-123, 1987.
    • (1987) Synapse , vol.1 , pp. 102-123
    • Cochran, S.L.1    Kasik, P.2    Precht, W.3
  • 12
    • 0030338968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The synaptic organization of the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex in the frog
    • DIERINGER, N., PANTLE, C., REICHENBERGER, I., AND STRAKA, H. The synaptic organization of the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex in the frog. Acta Biol. Hung. 47: 61-72, 1996.
    • (1996) Acta Biol. Hung. , vol.47 , pp. 61-72
    • Dieringer, N.1    Pantle, C.2    Reichenberger, I.3    Straka, H.4
  • 13
    • 0018393575 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of compensation for vestibular deficits in the frog. I. Modification of the excitatory commissural system
    • DIERINGER, N. AND PRECHT, W. Mechanisms of compensation for vestibular deficits in the frog. I. Modification of the excitatory commissural system. Exp. Brain Res. 36: 311-328, 1979.
    • (1979) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.36 , pp. 311-328
    • Dieringer, N.1    Precht, W.2
  • 14
    • 0025185599 scopus 로고
    • Actions of excitatory amino acid antagonists on synaptic inputs to rat medial vestibular nucleus: An electrophysiological study in vitro
    • DOI, K., TSUMOTO, T., AND MATSUNAGA, T. Actions of excitatory amino acid antagonists on synaptic inputs to rat medial vestibular nucleus: an electrophysiological study in vitro. Exp. Brain Res. 82: 254-262, 1990.
    • (1990) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.82 , pp. 254-262
    • Doi, K.1    Tsumoto, T.2    Matsunaga, T.3
  • 15
    • 0017092952 scopus 로고
    • Physiology of peripheral neurons innervating otolith organs of the squirrel monkey. I. Response to static tilts and to long-duration centrifugal force
    • FERNÁNDEZ, C. AND GOLDBERG, J. M. Physiology of peripheral neurons innervating otolith organs of the squirrel monkey. I. Response to static tilts and to long-duration centrifugal force. J. Neurophysiol. 39: 970-984, 1976.
    • (1976) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.39 , pp. 970-984
    • Fernández, C.1    Goldberg, J.M.2
  • 16
    • 0025118866 scopus 로고
    • Spatial properties of second-order vestibulo-ocular relay neurons in the alert cat
    • FUKUSHIMA, K., PERLMUTTER, S. I., BAKER, J. F., AND PETERSON, B. W. Spatial properties of second-order vestibulo-ocular relay neurons in the alert cat. Exp. Brain Res. 81: 462-478, 1990.
    • (1990) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.81 , pp. 462-478
    • Fukushima, K.1    Perlmutter, S.I.2    Baker, J.F.3    Peterson, B.W.4
  • 17
    • 0025321195 scopus 로고
    • The vestibular nerve of the chinchilla. V. Relation between afferent discharge properties and peripheral innervation patterns in the utricular macula
    • GOLDBERG, J. M., DESMADRYL, G., BAIRD, R. A., AND FERNÁNDEZ, C. The vestibular nerve of the chinchilla. V. Relation between afferent discharge properties and peripheral innervation patterns in the utricular macula. J. Neurophysiol. 63: 791-804, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.63 , pp. 791-804
    • Goldberg, J.M.1    Desmadryl, G.2    Baird, R.A.3    Fernández, C.4
  • 18
    • 0015083375 scopus 로고
    • Physiology of peripheral neurons innervating semicircular canals of the squirrel monkey. III. Variations among units in their discharge properties
    • GOLDBERG, J. M. AND FERNÁNDEZ, C. Physiology of peripheral neurons innervating semicircular canals of the squirrel monkey. III. Variations among units in their discharge properties. J. Neurophysiol. 34: 676-684, 1971.
    • (1971) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.34 , pp. 676-684
    • Goldberg, J.M.1    Fernández, C.2
  • 19
    • 0023583157 scopus 로고
    • Inputs from regularly and irregularly discharging vestibular nerve afferents to secondary neurons in the vestibular nuclei of the squirrel monkey. I. An electrophysiological analysis
    • GOLDBERG, J. M., HIGHSTEIN, S. M., MOSCHOVAKIS, A. D., AND FERNÁNDEZ, C. Inputs from regularly and irregularly discharging vestibular nerve afferents to secondary neurons in the vestibular nuclei of the squirrel monkey. I. An electrophysiological analysis. J. Neurophysiol. 58: 700-718, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.58 , pp. 700-718
    • Goldberg, J.M.1    Highstein, S.M.2    Moschovakis, A.D.3    Fernández, C.4
  • 20
    • 0027738886 scopus 로고
    • Sensorimotor transformation in the cat's vestibuloocular reflex system. I. Neuronal signals coding spatial coordination of compensatory eye movements
    • GRAF, W., BAKER, J., AND PETERSON, B. W. Sensorimotor transformation in the cat's vestibuloocular reflex system. I. Neuronal signals coding spatial coordination of compensatory eye movements. J. Neurophysiol. 70: 2425-2441, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.70 , pp. 2425-2441
    • Graf, W.1    Baker, J.2    Peterson, B.W.3
  • 21
    • 0024517401 scopus 로고
    • Anatomic and physiological correlates in bullfrog vestibular nerve
    • HONRUBIA, V., HOFFMANN, L. F., SITKO, S., AND SCHWARTZ, I. R. Anatomic and physiological correlates in bullfrog vestibular nerve. J. Neurophysiol. 61: 688-701, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.61 , pp. 688-701
    • Honrubia, V.1    Hoffmann, L.F.2    Sitko, S.3    Schwartz, I.R.4
  • 22
    • 0019777661 scopus 로고
    • Physiological and anatomical characteristics of primary vestibular afferent neurons in the bullfrog
    • HONRUBIA, V., SITKO, S., KIMM, J., BETTS, W., AND SCHWARTZ, I. R. Physiological and anatomical characteristics of primary vestibular afferent neurons in the bullfrog. Int. J. Neurosci. 15: 197-206, 1981.
    • (1981) Int. J. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 197-206
    • Honrubia, V.1    Sitko, S.2    Kimm, J.3    Betts, W.4    Schwartz, I.R.5
  • 23
    • 0014456427 scopus 로고
    • Vestibular-evoked postsynaptic potentials in Deiters neurones
    • ITO, M., HONGO, T., AND OKADA, Y. Vestibular-evoked postsynaptic potentials in Deiters neurones. Exp. Brain Res. 7: 214-230, 1969.
    • (1969) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.7 , pp. 214-230
    • Ito, M.1    Hongo, T.2    Okada, Y.3
  • 24
    • 0014930754 scopus 로고
    • The postsynaptic inhibition of rabbit oculomotor neurones by secondary vestibular impulses and its blockage by picrotoxin
    • ITO, M. AND TSUCHIYA, T. The postsynaptic inhibition of rabbit oculomotor neurones by secondary vestibular impulses and its blockage by picrotoxin. Brain Res. 17: 520-523, 1970.
    • (1970) Brain Res. , vol.17 , pp. 520-523
    • Ito, M.1    Tsuchiya, T.2
  • 25
    • 0016193473 scopus 로고
    • Bilateral semicircular canal inputs to neurons in cat vestibular nuclei
    • KASAHARA, M. AND UCHINO, Y. Bilateral semicircular canal inputs to neurons in cat vestibular nuclei. Exp. Brain Res. 20: 285-296, 1974.
    • (1974) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.20 , pp. 285-296
    • Kasahara, M.1    Uchino, Y.2
  • 26
    • 0028062678 scopus 로고
    • The synaptic activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in rat medial vestibular nucleus
    • KINNEY, G. A., PETERSON, B. W., AND SLATER, N. T. The synaptic activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in rat medial vestibular nucleus. J. Neurophysiol. 72: 1588-1595, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 1588-1595
    • Kinney, G.A.1    Peterson, B.W.2    Slater, N.T.3
  • 27
    • 0016590753 scopus 로고
    • Otolith-controlled responses from the first-order neurons of the labyrinth of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) to changes in linear acceleration
    • LOWENSTEIN, O. AND SAUNDERS, R. D. Otolith-controlled responses from the first-order neurons of the labyrinth of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) to changes in linear acceleration. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 191: 475-505, 1975.
    • (1975) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. , vol.191 , pp. 475-505
    • Lowenstein, O.1    Saunders, R.D.2
  • 28
    • 0016639311 scopus 로고
    • Response of the elasmobranch utricle to maintained spatial orientation, transitions, and jitter
    • MACADAR, O., WOLFE, G. E., O'LEARY, D. P., AND SEGUNDO, J. P. Response of the elasmobranch utricle to maintained spatial orientation, transitions, and jitter. Exp. Brain Res. 22: 1-12, 1975.
    • (1975) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.22 , pp. 1-12
    • Macadar, O.1    Wolfe, G.E.2    O'Leary, D.P.3    Segundo, J.P.4
  • 29
    • 0015523564 scopus 로고
    • Convergence of labyrinthine influences on units in the vestibular nuclei of the cat. II. Electrical stimulation
    • MARKHAM, C. H. AND CURTHOYS, I. S. Convergence of labyrinthine influences on units in the vestibular nuclei of the cat. II. Electrical stimulation. Brain Res. 43: 383-396, 1972.
    • (1972) Brain Res. , vol.43 , pp. 383-396
    • Markham, C.H.1    Curthoys, I.S.2
  • 30
    • 0019160143 scopus 로고
    • Eye movement related activity and morphology of second order vestibular neurons terminating in the cat abducens nucleus
    • MCCREA, R. A., YOSHIDA, K., BERTHOZ, A., AND BAKER, R. Eye movement related activity and morphology of second order vestibular neurons terminating in the cat abducens nucleus. Exp. Brain Res. 40: 468-473, 1980.
    • (1980) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.40 , pp. 468-473
    • McCrea, R.A.1    Yoshida, K.2    Berthoz, A.3    Baker, R.4
  • 31
    • 0026077234 scopus 로고
    • Vestibular nerve inputs to the vestibuloocular reflex: A functional ablation study in the squirrel monkey
    • MINOR, L. B. AND GOLDBERG, J. M. Vestibular nerve inputs to the vestibuloocular reflex: a functional ablation study in the squirrel monkey. J. Neurosci. 11: 1636-1648, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Neurosci. , vol.11 , pp. 1636-1648
    • Minor, L.B.1    Goldberg, J.M.2
  • 32
    • 0023692597 scopus 로고
    • Morphology of physiologically identified second-order vestibular neurons in cat, with intracellularly injected HRP
    • OHGAKI, T., CURTHOYS, I. S., AND MARKHAM, C. H. Morphology of physiologically identified second-order vestibular neurons in cat, with intracellularly injected HRP. J. Comp. Neurol. 276: 387-411, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.276 , pp. 387-411
    • Ohgaki, T.1    Curthoys, I.S.2    Markham, C.H.3
  • 33
    • 0015692312 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for GABA as the synaptic transmitter of the inhibitory vestibulo-ocular pathway
    • PRECHT, W., BAKER, R., AND OKADA, Y. Evidence for GABA as the synaptic transmitter of the inhibitory vestibulo-ocular pathway. Exp. Brain Res. 18: 415-428, 1973.
    • (1973) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.18 , pp. 415-428
    • Precht, W.1    Baker, R.2    Okada, Y.3
  • 34
    • 0015968686 scopus 로고
    • Intracellular study of frog's vestibular neurons in relation to the labyrinth and spinal cord
    • PRECHT, W., RICHTER, A., OZAWA, S., AND SHIMAZU, H. Intracellular study of frog's vestibular neurons in relation to the labyrinth and spinal cord. Exp. Brain Res. 19: 377-393, 1974.
    • (1974) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.19 , pp. 377-393
    • Precht, W.1    Richter, A.2    Ozawa, S.3    Shimazu, H.4
  • 35
    • 0028032991 scopus 로고
    • Size-related colocalization of glycine and glutamate immunoreactivity in frog and rat vestibular afferents
    • REICHENBERGER, I. AND DIERINGER, N. Size-related colocalization of glycine and glutamate immunoreactivity in frog and rat vestibular afferents. J. Comp. Neurol. 349: 603-614, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.349 , pp. 603-614
    • Reichenberger, I.1    Dieringer, N.2
  • 36
    • 0031024362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of GABA, glycine and glutamate immunoreactivities in the vestibular nuclear complex of the frog
    • REICHENBERGER, I., STRAKA, H., OTTERSEN, O. P., STREIT, P., GERRITS, N. M., AND DIERINGER, N. Distribution of GABA, glycine and glutamate immunoreactivities in the vestibular nuclear complex of the frog. J. Comp. Neurol. 377: 149-164, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.377 , pp. 149-164
    • Reichenberger, I.1    Straka, H.2    Ottersen, O.P.3    Streit, P.4    Gerrits, N.M.5    Dieringer, N.6
  • 37
    • 0015528926 scopus 로고
    • Projections des crêtes ampullaires et de l'utricle dans les noyaux vestibulaires primaires. Étude microphysiologique et corrélations anatomo-fonctionelles
    • SANS, A., RAYMOND, J., AND MARTY, R. Projections des crêtes ampullaires et de l'utricle dans les noyaux vestibulaires primaires. Étude microphysiologique et corrélations anatomo-fonctionelles. Brain Res. 44: 337-355, 1972.
    • (1972) Brain Res. , vol.44 , pp. 337-355
    • Sans, A.1    Raymond, J.2    Marty, R.3
  • 38
    • 0024330118 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for glycine as inhibitory neurotransmitter of vestibular, reticular and prepositus hypoglossi neurons that project to the cat abducens nucleus
    • SPENCER, R. F., WENTHOLD, R. J., AND BAKER, R. Evidence for glycine as inhibitory neurotransmitter of vestibular, reticular and prepositus hypoglossi neurons that project to the cat abducens nucleus. J. Neurosci. 9: 2718-2737, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Neurosci. , vol.9 , pp. 2718-2737
    • Spencer, R.F.1    Wenthold, R.J.2    Baker, R.3
  • 39
    • 1842302688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canal-specific monosynaptic excitation and disynaptic inhibition of second-order vestibular neurons in the frog
    • STRAKA, H., BIESDORF, S., AND DIERINGER, N. Canal-specific monosynaptic excitation and disynaptic inhibition of second-order vestibular neurons in the frog. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 22: 261.3, 1996a.
    • (1996) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.22 , pp. 2613
    • Straka, H.1    Biesdorf, S.2    Dieringer, N.3
  • 40
    • 0030067754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size-related properties of vestibular afferent fibers in the frog: Differential synaptic activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate and non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors
    • STRAKA, H., DEBLER, K., AND DIERINGER, N. Size-related properties of vestibular afferent fibers in the frog: differential synaptic activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate and non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Neuroscience 70: 697-707, 1996b.
    • (1996) Neuroscience , vol.70 , pp. 697-707
    • Straka, H.1    Debler, K.2    Dieringer, N.3
  • 41
    • 0027417138 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological and pharmacological characterization of vestibular inputs to identified frog abducens motoneurons and internuclear neurons in vitro
    • STRAKA, H. AND DIERINGER, N. Electrophysiological and pharmacological characterization of vestibular inputs to identified frog abducens motoneurons and internuclear neurons in vitro. Eur. J. Neurosci. 5: 251-260, 1993.
    • (1993) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.5 , pp. 251-260
    • Straka, H.1    Dieringer, N.2
  • 42
    • 0029861268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uncrossed disynaptic inhibition of second-order vestibular neurons and its interaction with monosynaptic excitation from vestibular nerve afferent fibers in the frog
    • STRAKA, H. AND DIERINGER, N. Uncrossed disynaptic inhibition of second-order vestibular neurons and its interaction with monosynaptic excitation from vestibular nerve afferent fibers in the frog. J. Neurophysiol. 76: 3087-3101, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.76 , pp. 3087-3101
    • Straka, H.1    Dieringer, N.2
  • 43
    • 0030065447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size-related properties of vestibular afferent fibers in the frog: Uptake of and immunoreactivity for glycine and aspartate/glutamate
    • STRAKA, H., REICHENBERGER, I., AND DIERINGER, N. Size-related properties of vestibular afferent fibers in the frog: uptake of and immunoreactivity for glycine and aspartate/glutamate. Neuroscience 70: 685-696, 1996c.
    • (1996) Neuroscience , vol.70 , pp. 685-696
    • Straka, H.1    Reichenberger, I.2    Dieringer, N.3
  • 44
    • 0028132935 scopus 로고
    • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors contribute to afferent synaptic transmission in the medial vestibular nucleus of young rats
    • TAKAHASHI, Y., TSUMOTO, T., AND KUBO, T. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors contribute to afferent synaptic transmission in the medial vestibular nucleus of young rats. Brain Res. 659: 287-291, 1994.
    • (1994) Brain Res. , vol.659 , pp. 287-291
    • Takahashi, Y.1    Tsumoto, T.2    Kubo, T.3
  • 45
    • 0028872178 scopus 로고
    • Neurochemistry of the central vestibular pathways
    • DE WAELE, C., MÜHLETHALER, M., AND VIDAL, P. P. Neurochemistry of the central vestibular pathways. Brain Res. Rev. 20: 24-46, 1995.
    • (1995) Brain Res. Rev. , vol.20 , pp. 24-46
    • De Waele, C.1    Mühlethaler, M.2    Vidal, P.P.3
  • 46
    • 0025220712 scopus 로고
    • GABA, glycine, aspartate, glutamate and taurine in the vestibular nuclei: An immunocytochemical investigation in the cat
    • WALBERG, F., OTTERSEN, O. P., AND RINVIK, E. GABA, glycine, aspartate, glutamate and taurine in the vestibular nuclei: an immunocytochemical investigation in the cat. Exp. Brain Res. 79: 547-563, 1990.
    • (1990) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.79 , pp. 547-563
    • Walberg, F.1    Ottersen, O.P.2    Rinvik, E.3
  • 47
    • 0015305599 scopus 로고
    • Specificity of semicircular canal input to neurons in the pigeon vestibular nuclei
    • WILSON, V. J. AND FELPEL, L. P. Specificity of semicircular canal input to neurons in the pigeon vestibular nuclei. J. Neurophysiol. 35: 253-264, 1972.
    • (1972) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.35 , pp. 253-264
    • Wilson, V.J.1    Felpel, L.P.2
  • 48
    • 0025307369 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic response to mechanical stimulation in calyceal and bouton type vestibular afferents studied in an isolated preparation of semicircular canal ampullae of chicken
    • YAMASHITA, M. AND OHMORI, H. Synaptic response to mechanical stimulation in calyceal and bouton type vestibular afferents studied in an isolated preparation of semicircular canal ampullae of chicken. Exp. Brain Res. 80: 475-488, 1990.
    • (1990) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.80 , pp. 475-488
    • Yamashita, M.1    Ohmori, H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.