메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 109, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 481-489

Predictors of vigilance for American Crows foraging in an urban environment

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMERICAN CROW; FORAGING BEHAVIOUR; GROUP SIZE; URBAN AREA; VIGILANCE;

EID: 0030822625     PISSN: 00435643     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (30)

References (27)
  • 1
    • 0016235113 scopus 로고
    • Observational study of behavior sampling methods
    • ALTMANN, J. 1974. Observational study of behavior sampling methods. Behaviour 49:227-267.
    • (1974) Behaviour , vol.49 , pp. 227-267
    • Altmann, J.1
  • 2
    • 0000477393 scopus 로고
    • Flock feeding and time budgets in the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus L.)
    • BARNARD, C. J. 1980. Flock feeding and time budgets in the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus L.). Anim. Behav. 28:295-309.
    • (1980) Anim. Behav. , vol.28 , pp. 295-309
    • Barnard, C.J.1
  • 3
    • 58149404011 scopus 로고
    • Vigilance and group size in ostriches
    • BERTRAM, B. C. R. 1980. Vigilance and group size in ostriches. Anim. Behav. 28:278-286.
    • (1980) Anim. Behav. , vol.28 , pp. 278-286
    • Bertram, B.C.R.1
  • 4
    • 0023585480 scopus 로고
    • The effects of sex, temperature and companions on looking up and feeding in single and mixed species flocks of House Sparrows (Passer domesticus), Chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs) and Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)
    • BEVERIDGE, F. M. AND J. M. DEAG. 1987. The effects of sex, temperature and companions on looking up and feeding in single and mixed species flocks of House Sparrows (Passer domesticus), Chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs) and Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). Behaviour 100:303-320.
    • (1987) Behaviour , vol.100 , pp. 303-320
    • Beveridge, F.M.1    Deag, J.M.2
  • 5
    • 0022199821 scopus 로고
    • The use of foraging areas by yellow-bellied marmots
    • CAREY, H. V. 1985. The use of foraging areas by yellow-bellied marmots. Oikos 44:273-279.
    • (1985) Oikos , vol.44 , pp. 273-279
    • Carey, H.V.1
  • 8
    • 0003448444 scopus 로고
    • The establishment of foraging flocks in House Sparrows: Risk of predation and daily temperature
    • ELGAR, M. A. 1986. The establishment of foraging flocks in House Sparrows: risk of predation and daily temperature. Behav. Ecol. and Sociobiol. 19:433-438.
    • (1986) Behav. Ecol. and Sociobiol. , vol.19 , pp. 433-438
    • Elgar, M.A.1
  • 9
    • 0023467584 scopus 로고
    • An experimental study of feeding, vigilance and predator avoidance in a single bird
    • GLÜCK, E. 1987. An experimental study of feeding, vigilance and predator avoidance in a single bird. Oecologia 71:65-79.
    • (1987) Oecologia , vol.71 , pp. 65-79
    • Glück, E.1
  • 11
    • 0023529718 scopus 로고
    • Grouping in eastern grey kangaroos in open habitat
    • HEATHCOTE, C. F. 1987. Grouping in eastern grey kangaroos in open habitat. Aust. Wild. Res. 14:343-348.
    • (1987) Aust. Wild. Res. , vol.14 , pp. 343-348
    • Heathcote, C.F.1
  • 13
    • 0002771988 scopus 로고
    • Decision-making
    • (J. R. Krebs and N. B. Davies, eds.). Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, England
    • KREBS J. R. AND A. KACELNIK. 1991. Decision-making. Pp. 105-136 in Behavioural ecology: an evolutionary approach (J. R. Krebs and N. B. Davies, eds.). Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, England.
    • (1991) Behavioural Ecology: An Evolutionary Approach , pp. 105-136
    • Krebs, J.R.1    Kacelnik, A.2
  • 14
    • 0001665401 scopus 로고
    • Contrasting effects of protective and obstructive cover on avian vigilance
    • LAZARUS, J. AND M. SYMONDS. 1992. Contrasting effects of protective and obstructive cover on avian vigilance. Anim. Behav. 43:519-521.
    • (1992) Anim. Behav. , vol.43 , pp. 519-521
    • Lazarus, J.1    Symonds, M.2
  • 15
    • 0002531562 scopus 로고
    • Effects of human disturbance on nesting of Bald Eagles
    • MATHISEN, J. 1968. Effects of human disturbance on nesting of Bald Eagles. J. Wildl. Manage. 32:1-6.
    • (1968) J. Wildl. Manage. , vol.32 , pp. 1-6
    • Mathisen, J.1
  • 16
    • 0021532472 scopus 로고
    • The effects of habitat on the vigilance of shorebirds: Is visibility important?
    • METCALFE, N. B. 1984. The effects of habitat on the vigilance of shorebirds: is visibility important? Anim. Behav. 32:981-985.
    • (1984) Anim. Behav. , vol.32 , pp. 981-985
    • Metcalfe, N.B.1
  • 18
    • 0023582348 scopus 로고
    • Effect of group size and location within the group on the foraging behavior of White Ibises
    • PETIT, D. R. AND K. L. BILDSTEIN. 1987. Effect of group size and location within the group on the foraging behavior of White Ibises. Condor 89:602-609.
    • (1987) Condor , vol.89 , pp. 602-609
    • Petit, D.R.1    Bildstein, K.L.2
  • 19
    • 0024875582 scopus 로고
    • Foraging patch dynamics in the Teal (Anas crecca): Effects of sociality and search method switching
    • PÖYSÄ, H. 1989. Foraging patch dynamics in the Teal (Anas crecca): effects of sociality and search method switching. Behaviour 110:306-318.
    • (1989) Behaviour , vol.110 , pp. 306-318
    • Pöysä, H.1
  • 20
    • 0025956266 scopus 로고
    • Effects of predation risk and patch quality on the formation and attractiveness of foraging groups of Teal, Anas crecca
    • _. 1991. Effects of predation risk and patch quality on the formation and attractiveness of foraging groups of Teal, Anas crecca. Anim. Behav. 41:285-294.
    • (1991) Anim. Behav. , vol.41 , pp. 285-294
  • 21
    • 0015579784 scopus 로고
    • On the advantages of flocking
    • PULLIAM, H. R. 1973. On the advantages of flocking. J. Theor. Biol. 38:419-422.
    • (1973) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.38 , pp. 419-422
    • Pulliam, H.R.1
  • 23
    • 0001529260 scopus 로고
    • A classification scheme for foraging behavior of birds in terrestrial habitats
    • (M. L. Morrison, C. J. Ralph, J. Verner, and J. R. Jehl, eds.). Cooper Ornithological Society, Los Angeles, California
    • REMSEN, J. V. AND S. K. ROBINSON. 1990. A classification scheme for foraging behavior of birds in terrestrial habitats. Pp. 144-160 in Avian foraging theory, methodology, and applications (M. L. Morrison, C. J. Ralph, J. Verner, and J. R. Jehl, eds.). Cooper Ornithological Society, Los Angeles, California.
    • (1990) Avian Foraging Theory, Methodology, and Applications , pp. 144-160
    • Remsen, J.V.1    Robinson, S.K.2
  • 24
    • 0020219601 scopus 로고
    • Vigilance behaviour in grazing African antelopes
    • UNDERWOOD, R. 1982. Vigilance behaviour in grazing African antelopes. Behaviour 79:81-107.
    • (1982) Behaviour , vol.79 , pp. 81-107
    • Underwood, R.1
  • 25
    • 0009914273 scopus 로고
    • Use of radiography in behavioral studies of turfgrass-infesting scarab grub species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
    • VILLANI, M. G. AND R. J. WRIGHT. 1988. Use of radiography in behavioral studies of turfgrass-infesting scarab grub species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Bull. Entomol. Soc. Am. 34:132-144.
    • (1988) Bull. Entomol. Soc. Am. , vol.34 , pp. 132-144
    • Villani, M.G.1    Wright, R.J.2
  • 26
    • 0542420873 scopus 로고
    • Environmental influences on soil macroarthropod behavior in agricultural systems
    • _ AND _. 1990. Environmental influences on soil macroarthropod behavior in agricultural systems. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 35:249-269.
    • (1990) Annu. Rev. Entomol. , vol.35 , pp. 249-269
  • 27
    • 0024881223 scopus 로고
    • Flock size and vigilance in parrots
    • WESTCOTT, D. A. AND A. COCKBURN. 1988. Flock size and vigilance in parrots. Aust. J. Zool. 36:335-349.
    • (1988) Aust. J. Zool. , vol.36 , pp. 335-349
    • Westcott, D.A.1    Cockburn, A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.