LDI amplifications in Leishmania

Parasitology Today

Volumn 13, Issue 9, 1997, Pages 342-348

  Segovia, M ^a   Ortiz, G ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; CHROMOSOME REARRANGEMENT; CHROMOSOME SIZE; DNA DETERMINATION; GENE AMPLIFICATION; GENOME; LEISHMANIASIS; MULTIGENE FAMILY; PROTOZOON; REVIEW; SPECIES DIFFERENTIATION;

PROTOZOA;

EID: 0030813914     PISSN: 01694758     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0169-4758(97)01111-3     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Lighthall, G.K. and Giannini, S.H. (1992) The chromosomes of Leishmania. Parasitol. Today 8, 192-199
2. Beverley, S.M. (1991) Gene amplification in Leishmania. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 45, 417-444
3. Coderre, J.A. et al. (1983) Overproduction of a bifunctional thymidylate synthetase-dihydrofolate reductase and DNA amplification in methotrexate-resistant Leishmania tropica. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 80, 2132-2136
4. Beverley, S.M. et al. (1984) Unstable DNA amplifications in methotrexate-resistant Leishmania consist of extrachromosomal circles which relocalize during stabilization. Cell 38, 431-439
5. Kink, J.A. and Chang, K.P. (1987) Tunicamycin-resistant Leishmania mexicana amazonensis: expression of virulence associated with an increased activity of N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase and amplification of its presumptive gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 84, 1253-1257
6. Hanson, S., Adelman, J. and Ullman, B. (1992) Amplification and molecular cloning of the ornithine decarboxylase gene of Leishmania donovani. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 2350-2359
7. Schwartz, D.C. and Cantor, C.R. (1984) Separation of yeast chromosome-sized DNAs by pulsed field gradient gel electrophoresis. Cell 37, 67-75
8. Giannini, S.H. et al. (1986) Karyotype analysis of Leishmania species and its use in classification and clinical diagnosis. Science 232, 762-765
9. Scholler, J.K. et al. (1986) Molecular karyotype of species and subspecies of Leishmania. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 20, 279-293
10. Hamers, R. et al. (1989) in Leishmaniasis: the Current Status and New Strategies for Control (Hardt, D.T., ed.), pp 985-988, Plenum
11. Tripp, C.A., Myler, P. J. and Stuart, K. (1991) A DNA sequence (LD1) which occurs in several genomic organizations in Leishmania. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 47, 151-160
12. Tripp, C.A. et al. (1992) A multicopy, extrachromosomal DNA in Leishmania infantum contains two inverted repeats of the 27.5-kilobase LD1 sequence and encodes numerous transcripts. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 55, 39-50
13. Liu, J. et al. (1991) Chromosome rearrangement in Leishmania mexicana M379. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 46, 53-60
14. Bishop, R.P. and Miles, M.A. (1987) Chromosome size polymorphisms of Leishmania donovani. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 24, 263-272
15. Beverley, S.M. and Coburn, C.M. (1990) Recurrent de novo appearance of small linear DNAs in Leishmania major and relationship to extra-chromosomal DNAs in other species. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 42, 133-142
16. Navarro, M. et al. (1992) Dynamics and size polymorphisms of minichromosomes in Leishmania major LV-561 cloned lines. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 55, 65-74
17. Katakura, K. et al. (1993) Molecular karyotype characterization of Leishmania panamensis, Leishmania mexicana and Leishmania major-like parasites: agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ecuador. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 48, 707-715
18. Navarro, M. et al. (1994) Inverted repeat structure and homologous sequences in the LD1 amplicons of Leishmania spp. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 68, 69-80
19. Ortiz, G., Navarro, M. and Segovia, M. (1995) Location in the source chromosome of the 180-kb minichromosome of Leishmania major and characterization of the novel junction. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 71, 153-161
20. Ortiz, G. and Segovia, M. (1996) Characterisation of the novel junctions of two minichromosomes of Leishmania major. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 82, 137-144
21. Liu, J. et al. (1992) DNA recombination associated with short direct repeats in Leishmania mexicana M379. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 50, 351-354
22. Myers, R.S. and Stahl, F.W. (1994) Chi and the RecBCD enzyme of Escherichia coli. Annu. Rev. Genet. 28, 49-70
23. Ouellette, M. et al. (1991) Direct and inverted DNA repeats associated with P-glycoprotein gene amplification in drug resistant Leishmania. EMBO J. 10, 1009-1016
24. Grondin, K., Papadopoulou, B. and Ouellette, M. (1993) Homologous recombination between direct repeat sequences yields P-glycoprotein containing amplicons in arsenite resistant Leishmania. Nucleic Acids Res. 21, 1895-1901
25. Olmo, A. et al. (1995) Co-existence of circular and multiple linear amplicons in methotrexate-resistant Leishmania. Nucleic Acids Res. 23, 2856-2864
26. Grondin, K., Roy, G. and Ouellette, M. (1996) Formation of extrachromosomal circular amplicons with direct or inverted duplications in drug-resistant Leishmania tarentolae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16, 3587-3595
27. Lodes, M.J. et al. (1995) Increased expression of LD1 genes transcribed by RNA polymerase I in Leishmania donovani as a result of duplication into the rRNA gene locus. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15, 6845-6853
28. Ehrlich, S.D. et al. (1993) Mechanisms of illegitimate recombination. Gene 135, 161-166
29. Stark, G.R. et al. (1989) Recent progress in understanding mechanisms of mammalian DNA amplification. Cell 57, 901-908
30. Yasuda, L.F. and Yao, M.C. (1991) Short inverted repeats at a free end signal large palindromic DNA formation in Tetrahymena. Cell 67, 505-516
31. Myler, P.J. et al. (1993) The LD1 amplified element from Leishmania infantum encodes a homolog of ribosomal protein L37. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 62, 147-152
32. Myler, P.J. et al. (1994) An amplified DNA element in Leishmania encodes potential integral membrane and nucleotide-binding proteins. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 66, 11-20
33. Myler, P.J. et al. (1994) A frequently amplified region in Leishmania contains a gene conserved in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Gene 148, 187-193
34. Cruz, A., Titus, R. and Beverley, S.M. (1993) Plasticity in chromosome number and testing of essential genes in Leishmania by targeting. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 90, 1599-1603
35. Pagès, M. et al. (1989) Chromosome size and number of polymorphisms in Leishmania infantum suggest amplification/deletion and possible genetic exchange. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 36, 161-168
36. Giannini, S.H. et al. (1990) Size-conserved chromosomes and stability of molecular karyotype in cloned stocks of Leishmania major. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 39, 9-22
37. Bastien, P. et al. (1990) Interclonal variations in molecular karyotype in Leishmania infantum imply a 'mosaic' strain structure. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 40, 53-62
38. Vanhamme, L. and Pays, E. (1995) Control of gene expression in trypanosomes. Microbiol. Rev. 59, 223-240
39. Navarro, M., Ortiz, G. and Segovia, M (1996) The arising of minichromosomes of Leishmania and drug resistance. Spanish J. Chemother. 9, 270-271
40. Rovai, L. et al. (1992) Recurrent polymorphisms in small chromosomes of Leishmania tarentolae after nutrient stress or subcloning. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 50, 115-126
41. Zolan, M.E. (1995) Chromosomal-length polymorphisms in fungi. Microbiol. Rev. 59, 686-698
42. Button, L.L. et al. (1989) Genes encoding the major surface glycoprotein in Leishmania are tandemly linked at a single chromosomal locus and are constitutively transcribed. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 32, 271-284