A critical reassessment of the concept of C-cell hyperplasia of the thyroid: A quantitative immunohistochemical study

Applied Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Morphology

Volumn 5, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 160-172

  Santeusanio, Giuseppe ^a   Iafrate, Edmondo ^a   Partenzi, Antonietta ^a   Mauriello, Alessandro ^a   Autelitano, Francesco ^a   Spagnoli, Luigi Giusto ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROME TOR VERGATA   (Italy)

Author keywords

C cell; Calcitonin; Hyperplasia; Immunohistochemistry; Thyroid

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; AUTOPSY; CELL DENSITY; CELL HYPERPLASIA; CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; GASTRODUODENAL ULCER; GOITER; HUMAN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 0030812645     PISSN: 10623345     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00022744-199709000-00004     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. De Lellis RA. C-cell Hyperplasia. In: Rosai J, Carcangiu ML, DeLellis RA, eds. Atlas of tumor pathology: tumors of the thyroid gland. vol. 5. AFIP Third Series. 1992:247-58.
2. Albores-Saavedra J, Monforte H, Nadji M, Morales AR. C-cell hyperplasia in thyroid tissue adjacent to follicular cell tumor. Hum Pathol 2988;19:795-9.
3. Wolfe RJ, Melvin KEW, Cervi-Skinner SJ, et al. C-cell hyperplasia preceding medullary thyroid cancer. New Engl J Med 1973; 289:437-41.
4. DeLellis RA. Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes revisited: clinical, morphological, and molecular features. Lab Invest 1995; 72:494-505.
5. Ulbright TM, Krauss FT, O'Neal LW. C-cell hyperplasia developing in residual thyroid following resection of sporadic medullary carcinoma. Cancer 1981;48:2076-9.
6. Uribe M, Fenoglio CM, Grimes M, et al. Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid: clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical features with review of the literature. Am J Surg Pathol 1985;9:577-94.
7. Beskid M. Primary C-cell hyperplasia within a nodule of thyroid isthmus. Oncology 1975;32:11-20.
8. Janzer RC, Weber E, Hedinger C: The relation between solid cell nests and C cells of the thyroid gland. Cell Tissue Res 1979;197: 295-312.
9. Katoh K. C-cells in Hashimoto's thyroiditis: ultrastructural and immunohistochemical observations. Acta Pathol Jpn 1987;37: 1611-20.
10. Montesco MC, Pinarello R, Ninfo V. Parafollicular C-cell hyperplasia: report of three cases in primary thyroid lymphoma. Tumori 1988;74:97-100.
11. Baschieri L, Castagna M, Fierabracci A, Antonelli A, Del Guerra P, Squartini F. Distribution of calcitonin- and somatostatin-containing cells in thyroid lymphoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Appl Pathol 1989;7:99-104.
12. Libbey NP, Nowakowski KJ, Tucci JR. C-cell hyperplasia of the thyroid in a patient with goitrous hypothyroidism and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Am J Surg Pathol 1989;13:71-7.
13. Libbey NP, Tucci JR. C-cell hyperplasia [letter]. Am J Surg Pathol 1989;13:988-9.
14. Chan JKC, Tse CCH. Solid cell nest-associated C-cell: another possible explanation for "C-cell hyperplasia" adjacent to follicular cell tumors [letter]. Hum Pathol 1989;20:498-9.
15. Inoue S, Yokoyama S, Kakayama I, Noguchi S. An immunohistochemical study of calcitonin-containing cells in benign and malignant thyroid lesions. Acta Pathol Jpn 1990;40:187-92.
16. Scopsi L, Di Palma S, Ferrari C, Holst JJ, Rehfeld F, Rilke F. C-cell hyperplasia accompanying thyroid diseases other than medullary carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study by means of antibodies to calcitonin and somatostatin. Mod Pathol 1991;4:297-304.
17. Guyetant S, Wion-Barbot N, Rousselet M-C, Franc B, Bigorgne J-C, Saint-Andre J-P. C-cell hyperplasia associated with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis: a retrospective quantitative study of 112 cases. Hum Pathol 1994;25:514-21.
18. Ljungberg O. C-cell hyperplasia in a case with primary hyperparathyroidism [abstract]. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 1971;9:682-3.
19. Ljunberg O, Dymling J-F. Pathogenesis of C-cell neoplasia in thyroid gland: C-cell proliferation in a case of chronic hypercalcemia. Acta Pathol Microb Scand 1972;80:577-88.
20. Li Volsi VA, Feind CR, Lo Gerfo P, Tashjian JR. Demonstration by immunoperoxidase staining of hyperplasia of parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland in hyperparathyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1073;37:550-9.
21. Hutchins M, Mirvis S, Mendelsohn G, Bulkley BH: supravalvular aortic stenosis with parafollicular cell (C-cell) hyperplasia. Am J Med 1978;64:967-73.
22. Wolfe HJ, De Lellis RA, Scott RT, Tashjian JR. C-cell hyperplasia in chronic hypercalcemia in man. Am J Pathol 1975;78:20a.
23. Li Volsi VA, Feind CR. Incidental medullary carcinoma in sporadic hyperparathyroidism: an expansion of the concept of C-cell hyperplasia. Am J Clin Pathol 1979;71:595-9.
24. Biddinger PW, Brennan MF, Rosen PP. Symptomatic C-cell hyperplasia associated with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Am J Surg Pathol 1991;15:599-604.
25. Tomita T, Millard DM. C-cell hyperplasia in secondary hyperparathyroidism. Histopathohgy 1992;21:469-74.
26. Gibson WGH, Peng T-C, Croker BP. C-cell nodules in adult human thyroid: a common autopsy finding. Am J Clin Pathol 1981; 75:347-50.
27. Gibson WGH, Peng T-C, Croker BP. Age-associated C-cell hyperplasia in the human thyroid. Am J Pathol 1982;106:388-93.
28. O'Toole K, Fenoglio-Preiser C, Pushparaj N. Endocrine changes associated with the human aging process. III. Effect of age on the number of calcitonin immunoreactive cells in the thyroid gland. Hum Pathol 1985;16:991-1000.
29. Li Volsi VA. Surgical pathology of the thyroid. In: Bennington JL, ed. Major problems in pathology. Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 1990.
30. Wolfe RJ, Voelkel EF, Tashjian AH Jr. Distribution of calcitonin containing cells in normal adult thyroid gland: a correlation of morphology with peptide content. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1974; 38:688-94.
31. Wolfe RJ, De Lellis RA, Voelkel EF, Tashjian AH Jr. Distribution of calcitonin containing cells in the normal neonatal human thyroid gland: a correlation of morphology with peptide content. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1975;41:1076-81.
32. Emmertsen K, Erno H, Henriques U, Schroeder HD. C-cells for differentiation between familial and sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. Dan Med Bull 1983;30:353-6.
33. Williams ED, Ponder BJ, Craig RK. Immunohistochemical study of calcitonin gene-related peptide in human medullary carcinoma and C-cell hyperplasia. Clin Endocrinol 1987;27:107-14.
34. Lips CJM, Leo JR, Berends MJH, et al. Thyroid C-cell hyperplasia and micronodules in close relatives of MEN-2A patients: pitfalls in early diagnosis and reevaluation of criteria for surgery. Henry Ford Hosp Med J 1987;35:133-8.
35. Simpson WJ, Carruthers JF, Malkin D. Results of a screening program for C-cell disease (medullary thyroid carcinoma and C-cell hyperplasia). Cancer 1990;65:1570-6.
36. Autelitano F, Spagnoli LG, Santeusanio G, Villaschi S, Autelitano M. Carcinoma occulto della tiroide: studio epidemiologico su materiale autoptico. Ann Ital Chir 1990;61:141-6.
37. Kendall CH, Homer CE, Bishop AE, Polak JM. Age related peptide production by human C-cells: an immunohistochemical study. Virch Arch A 1986;410:97-101.
38. Gibson WGH, Croker B, Cox C. C-cell population in normal children and young adult [abstract]. Lab Invest 1980;42:119-20.
39. Blumenthal HT, Perlstein IB. The aging thyroid. II. An immunohistochemical analysis of the age-associated lesions. J Am Geriatr Soc 1987;35:855-63.
40. Komorowski RA, Hanson GA. Occult thyroid pathology in the young adult: an autopsy study of 138 patients without clinical thyroid disease. Hum Pathol 1988;19:689-96.
41. Guyetant S, Rousselet M-C, Durigon M, et al. Sex-related C-cell hyperplasia in the normal human thyroid: a quantitative autopsy study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:42-7.
42. Lloyd RV, Sisson JC, Marangos PJ. Calcitonin, carcinoembryonic antigen and neuron-specific enolase in medullary thyroid carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study. Cancer 1983;51:2234-9.
43. Albores-Saavedra J. C-cell hyperplasia [letter]. Am J Surg Pathol 1989;13:987-8.
44. Perry A, Molberg K, Albores-Saavedra J. Physiologic versus neoplastic C-cell hyperplasia of the thyroid: separation of distinct histologic and biologic entities. Cancer 1996;77:750-6.
45. Mendelsohn G, Eggleston JC, Weisburger WR, Gann DS, Baylin SB. Calcitonin and histaminase in C-cell hyperplasia and medullary thyroid carcinoma: a light and immunohistochemical study. Am J Pathol 1978;92:35-52.
46. Sizemore GW, Go VLW, Kaplan EL, Sanzenbacher LJ, Holtermuller KH, Arnaud CD. Relations of Calcitonin and gastrin in the Zolliger-Ellison syndrome and medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. New Engl J Med 1973;288:641-4.
47. Roszkiewicz J, Roszkiewicz A. Ultrastructure of C-cells forming adenoma-like nodules of the thyroid in experimental hypervitaminosis A. Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb 1977;123:18-30.
48. De Lellis RA, Wolfe HJ. Pathobiology of the human calcitonin (C)-cell: a review. Pathology Ann 1981;16:25-52.
49. De Lellis RA, Nunnemaker G, Wolfe HJ. C-cell hyperplasia: an ultrastructural analysis. Lab Invest 1977;36:237-48.
50. Stevenson JC, Hillyard CJ, MacIntyre I, Cooper H, Mhitehead MI. A physiological role for calcitonin: protection of the maternal skeleton. Lancet 1979;2:769-70.
51. Stevenson JC, Abeyasekera G, Hillyard CJ, et al. Calcitonin and the calcium-regulating hormones in postmenopausal women: effect of oestrogens. Lancet 1981;1:693-5.
52. Komminoth P, Roth J, Saremaslani P, Matias-Guiu X, Wolfe HJ, Heitz PhU. Polysialic acid of the neural cell adhesion molecule in the human thyroid: a marker for medullary thyroid carcinoma and primary C-cell hyperplasia. Am J Surg Pathol 1994;18:399-111.
53. McDermott MB, Swanson PE, Wick MR. Immunostains for collagen type IV discriminate between C-cell hyperplasia and microscopic medullary carcinoma in multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2a. Hum Pathol 1995;26:1308-12.
54. Frilling A, Dralle H, Eng C, Raue F, Broelsch CE. Presymptomatic DNA screening in families with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma. Surgery 1995;118: 1099-104.