Terrestrial sources and distribution of atmospheric sulphur

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Volumn 352, Issue 1350, 1997, Pages 149-158

  Lelieveld, J ^a   Roelofs, G J ^a   Ganzeveld, L ^a   Feichter, J ^b   Rodhe, H ^c  

^a UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR METEOROLOGY   (Germany)

^c STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; SULPHUR CYCLE; TERRESTRIAL SOURCE;

EID: 0030812538     PISSN: 09628436     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1997.0010     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Andreae, M. O. & Raemdonck, H. 1983 Dimethyl sulfide in the surface ocean and the marine atmosphere: a global view. Science, Wash. 221, 744-747.
2. Andreae, M. O. & Jaeschke, W. 1992 Exchange of sulphur between biosphere and atmosphere over temperate and tropical regions. In Sulfur cycling on the continents (ed. R. W. Howarth, J. W. B. Stewart & M. V. Ivanov), pp. 27-61. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
3. Andreae, M. O., Elbert, W. & De Mora, S. J. (1995) Biogenic sulfur emissions and aerosols over the tropical South Atlantic. 3. Atmospheric dimethylsulfide, aerosols and cloud condensation nuclei. J. geophys. Res. 100, 11335-11356.
4. Bates, T. S., Lamb, B. K., Guenther, A., Dignon J. & Stoiber R. E. 1992 Sulfur emissions to the atmosphere from natural sources. J. atmos. Chem. 14, 315-337.
5. Benkovitz, C. M., Scholtz, M. T. Pacyna, J. et al. 1997 Global gridded inventories of anthropogenic emissions of sulfur and nitrogen. J. geophys. Res. (Submitted.)
6. Boer, G. J. et al. 1992 Some results from an intercomparison of the climates simulated by 14 atmospheric general circulation models. J. geophys. Res. 97, 12771-12786.
7. Boucher, O. & Lohmann, U. 1995 The sulfate-CCN cloud albedo effects. A sensitivity study with two general circulation models. Tellus 47B, 281-300.
8. 7Be in a global climate model. J. geophys. Res. 96, 22423-22445.
9. Charlson, R. J., Lovelock, J. E., Andreae, M. O. & Warren S. G. 1987 Oceanic phytoplankton, atmospheric sulphur, cloud albedo and climate. Nature, Lond. 326, 655-661.
10. Charlson, R. J., Langner, J., Rodhe, H., Leovy, C. B. & Warren, S. G. 1991 Perturbation of the Northern Hemisphere radiative balance by backscattering from anthropogenic aerosols. Tellus 43AB, 152-163.
11. Charlson, R. J., Anderson, T. L. & McDuff, R. E. 1992 The sulfur cycle. In Global biogeochemical cycles (ed. S. S. Butcher, R. J. Charlson, G. H. Orians & G. V. Wolfe), pp. 285-300. London: Academic Press.
12. Chin, M., Jacob, D. J., Gardner, G. M., Foreman-Fowler, M., Spiro, P. A. & Savoie, D. L. 1996 A global three-dimensional model of tropospheric sulfate. J. geophys. Res. 101, 18667-18690.
13. Crutzen, P. J. 1976 The possible importance of CSO for the sulfur layer of the stratosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett. 3, 73-76.
14. Crutzen, P. J., Whelpdale, W. M., Kley, D. & Barrie, L. A. 1985 The cycling of sulfur and nitrogen in the remote atmosphere. In The biogeochemical cycling of sulfur and nitrogen in the remote atmosphere (ed. J. N. Galloway, R. J. Charlson & M. O. Andreae), pp. 203-212. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Co.
15. Cullis, C. F. & Hirschler, M. M. 1980 Atmospheric sulfur: natural and man-made sources. Atmos. Environ. 14, 1263-1278.
16. Dentener, F. J. & Crutzen, P. J. 1995 A three-dimensional model of the global ammonia cycle. J. atmos. Chem. 19, 331-369.
17. Dentener, F. J., Carmichael, G. R., Zhang, Y., Lelieveld, J. & Crutzen, P. J. 1996 The role of mineral aerosol as a reactive surface in the global troposphere. J. geophys. Res. 101, 22869-22889.
18. Erickson, D. J. III & Duce, R. A. 1988 On the global flux of atmospheric sea salt. J. geophys. Res. 93, 14079-14088.
19. 210Pb aerosols. J. geophys. Res. 96, 22447-22460.
20. Feichter, J., Kjellström, E., Rodhe, H., Dentener, F., Lelieveld, J. & Roelofs G.-J. 1996 Simulation of the tropospheric sulfur cycle in a global climate model. Atmos. Environ. 30, 1693-1707.
21. Galloway, J. N., Savoie, D. L., Keene, W. C. & Prospero, J. M. 1993 The temporal and spatial variability of scavenging ratios of nss sulfate, nitrate, methanesulfonate, and sodium in the atmosphere over the North Atlantic Ocean. Atmos. Environ. 27A, 235-250.
22. Ganzeveld, L. & Lelieveld, J. 1995 Dry deposition parameterisation in a chemistry-general circulation model and its influence on the distribution of reactive trace gases. J. geophys. Res. 100, 20999-21012.
23. Ganzeveld, L., Lelieveld, J. & Roelofs, G.-J. 1997 A dry deposition parameterisation for sulfur species in a chemistry-general circulation model. (In preparation.)
24. Goldan, P. D., Fall, R., Kuster, W. C. & Fehsenfeld, F. C. 1988 Uptake of COS by growing vegetation: a major tropospheric sink. J. geophys. Res. 93, 14186-14192.
25. Hao, W. M. & Liu, M. H. 1994 Spatial and temporal distribution of tropical biomass burning. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 8, 495-503.
26. Haskins, R. D., Barnett, T. P., Tyree, M. M. & Roeckner, E. 1995 Comparison of cloud fields from an atmospheric general circulation model, in situ and satellite measurements. J. geophys. Res. 100, 1367-1378.
27. Hicks, B. B., Baldocchi, D. D., Meyers, T. P., Hosker Jr, R. P. & Matt, D. R. 1987 A preliminary multiple resistance routine for deriving dry deposition velocities from measured quantities. Wat. Air Soil Pollut. 36, 311-330.
28. 2-: regional contributions and concentration trends. Atmos. Environ. 24A, 1175-1187.
29. Kasibhatla, P., Chameides, W. L. & St John, J. 1996 A three-dimensional global model investigation of seasonal variations in the atmospheric burden of anthropogenic sulfate aerosols. J. geophys. Res. (Submitted.)
30. Kiehl, J. T. & Briegleb, P. B. 1993 The relative roles of sulfate aerosols and greenhouse gases in climate forcing. Science, Wash. 260, 311-314.
31. Langner, J. & Rodhe, H. 1991 A global three-dimensional model of the tropospheric sulfur cycle. J. atmos. Chem. 13, 225-263.
32. Langner, J. et al. 1993 The global atmospheric sulfur cycle: An evaluation of the model predictions and observations. Report CM-81, Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University.
33. Mason, B. J. 1971 The physics of clouds. 2nd edn. London: Oxford University Press.
34. Möller, D. 1995 Sulfate aerosols and their atmospheric precursors. In Aerosol forcing of climate (ed. R. J. Charlson & J. Heintzenberg), pp. 73-90. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
35. Odén, S. 1968 The acidification of air and precipitation and its consequences on the natural environment. Swed. Nat. Sci. Res. Comic. Ecol. Comm. Bull. 1, 1-86.
36. Penkett, S. A., Jones, B. M. R., Brice, K. A. & Eggleton, A. E. J. 1979 The importance of atmospheric ozone and hydrogen peroxide in oxidising sulphur dioxide in cloud and rain water. Atmos. Environ. 13, 323-337.
37. Penner, J. E., Atherton, C. A. & Graedel, T. E. 1994 Global emissions and models of photochemically active compounds. In Global atmospheric-biospheric chemistry (ed. R. Prinn), pp. 223-248. New York: Plenum Press.
38. Pham, M., Müller, J.-F., Brasseur, G. P., Granier, C. & Mégie, G. 1995 A three-dimensional study of the tropospheric sulfur cycle. J. geophys. Res. 100, 26061-26092.
39. Rodhe, H., Crutzen, P. J. & Vanderpol, A. 1981 Formation of sulfuric and nitric acid in the atmosphere during long-range transport. Tellus 33, 132-141.
40. Roeckner, E., Rieland, M. & Keup, E. 1991 Modelling of clouds and radiation in the ECHAM model. ECMWF/ WCRP workshop on clouds, radiative transfer and the hydrological cycle, pp. 199-222. Reading: ECMWF.
41. Roeckner, E. et al. 1992 Simulation of the present-day climate with the ECHAM model: impact of model physics and resolution. Report no. 93. Hamburg: Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie.
42. Roeckner, E., Siebert, T. & Feichter, J. 1995 Climatic response to anthropogenic sulfate forcing simulated with a general circulation model. In Aerosol forcing of climate (ed. R. J. Charlson & J. Heintzenberg), pp. 349-362. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
43. Roelofs, G. J. 1992 On the drop and aerosol size dependence of aqueous sulfate formation in a continental cumulus cloud. Atmos. Environ. 26A, 2309-2321.
44. 3 in the troposphere calculated with a chemistry-general circulation model. J. geophys. Res. 100, 20983-20998.
45. Savoie, D. L., Arimoto, R., Prospero, J. M., et al. 1997 Oceanic and anthropogenic contributions to non-sea salt sulfate in the marine boundary layer over the North Atlantic Ocean. J. geophys. Res. (Submitted.)
46. Schwartz, S. E. 1986 Mass transport considerations pertinent to aqueous phase reactions of gases in liquid water clouds. In Multiphase atmospheric chemistry (ed. W. Jaeschke), pp. 415-471. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
47. Scott, B. G. 1978 Parameterization of sulfate removal by precipitation. J. Appl. Met. 17, 1375-1389.
48. Spiro, P. A., Jacob, D. J. & Logan, J. A. 1992 Global inventory of sulfur emissions with 1° × 1° resolution. J. geophys. Res. 97, 6023-6036.
49. Tiedtke, M. 1989 A comprehensive mass flux scheme for cumulus parameterization in large-scale models. Mon. Weather Rev. 117, 1779-1800.
50. Warneck, P. 1988 Chemistry of the natural atmosphere. San Diego: Academic Press.