Impact of a massive waterborne cryptosporidiosis outbreak on child care facilities in metropolitan Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

Volumn 16, Issue 7, 1997, Pages 639-644

  Cordell, Ralph L ^a,i   Thor, Patrice M ^c   Addiss, David G ^b   Theurer, Joan ^d,e   Lichterman, Rita ^f   Ziliak, Susan R ^g   Juranek, Dennis D ^b   Davis, Jeffrey P ^h  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR EMERGING AND ZOONOTIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

^b NATL CENTER FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

^c City of Milwaukee Health Department   (United States)

^d Cudahy Health Department   (United States)

^e Greenfield Health Department   (United States)

^f West Allis Health Department   (United States)

^g Wauwatosa Health Department   (United States)

^h WISCONSIN DIVISION OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

ⁱ CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (United States)

Author keywords

Child care centers; Cryptosporidiosis; Public health

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CHILD; CHILD CARE; CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; DIARRHEA; EPIDEMIC; HEALTH PROMOTION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MASS MEDIUM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; WATER CONTAMINATION;

ADULT; ANIMALS; CHILD; CHILD DAY CARE CENTERS; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; FECES; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; MALE; WATER; WISCONSIN;

EID: 0030812009     PISSN: 08913668     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00006454-199707000-00003     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. Weissman JB, Gangarosa EJ, Schmerler A, Marier RL, Lewis JN. Shigellosis in day-care centres. Lancet 1975;1:88-90.
2. Benenson MW, Takafuji ET, Bancroft WH, Lemon SM, Callahan MC, Leach DA. A military community outbreak of hepatitis type A related to transmission in a child care facility. Am J Epidemiol 1980;112:471-81.
3. Overturf GD. Editorial response: endemic giardiasis in the United States - role of the daycare center. Clin Infect Dis 1994;18:764-5.
4. Cordell RL, Addiss DG. Cryptosporidiosis in child care settings: a review of the literature and recommendations for prevention and control. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1994;13: 310-7.
5. MacKenzie WR, Hoxie NJ, Proctor ME, et al. A massive outbreak in Milwaukee of Cryptosporidium infection transmitted through the public water supply. N Engl J Med 1994;331:161-7.
6. MacKenzie WR, Schell WL, Blair KA, et al. Massive outbreak of waterborne Cryptosporidium infection in Milwaukee, Wisconsin: recurrence of illness and risk of secondary transmission. Clin Infect Dis 1995;21:57-62.
7. Dean AG, Dean JA, Coulombier D, et al. Epi Info, Version 6: a word processing, database, and statistics program for epidemiology on microcomputers. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1994.
8. Levy PS, Lemeshow S. Sampling for health professionals. 1st ed. Belmont, CA: Lifetime Learning Publications, 1980.
9. Campbell I, Tzipori S, Hutchison G, Angus K. Effect of disinfectants on survival of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Vet Rec 1982;111:414-5.
10. Blewett DA. Disinfection and oocysts. In: Angus KW, Blewett DA, eds. Cryptosporidiosis: Proceedings of the First International Workshop, Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland, September 7 to 8, 1988. Edinburgh, Scotland: Animal Diseases Research Association, 1988:107-16.
11. Ikeda RM, Sacks JJ, Briss PA, Addiss DA. Assessment of telephone survey data. Pediatrics 1994;94:405-6.
12. American Public Health Association, American Academy of Pediatrics. Caring for our children national health and safety performance standards: guidelines for out-of-home child care programs. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association, 1992.
13. Bartlett AV, Jarvis BA, Ross V, et al. Diarrheal illness among infants and toddlers in day care centers: effects of active surveillance and staff training without subsequent monitoring. Am J Epidemiol 1988;127:808-17.
14. Ungar BLP, Gilman RH, Lanata CF, Perez-Schael I. Seroepidemiology of Cryptosporidium infection in two Latin American populations. J Infect Dis 1988;157:551-6.