Controls on uranium and thorium behaviour in ocean-floor hydrothermal systems: Examples from the Pindos ophiolite, Greece

Chemical Geology

Volumn 135, Issue 3-4, 1997, Pages 263-274

  Valsami Jones, Eugenia ^a,b   Ragnarsdóttir, Kristin Vala ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^b DEPARTMENT OF LIFE SCIENCES   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Hydrothermal alteration; Hydrothermal systems; Hydrothermal vents; Ophiolite; Thorianite; Thorium; Uraninite; Uranium

Indexed keywords

HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM; JURASSIC; THORIUM; URANIUM;

GREECE;

EID: 0030794487     PISSN: 00092541     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0009-2541(96)00121-0     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. 231Pa from the ocean. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 62: 7-23.
2. Aumento, F., 1971. Uranium content of mid-oceanic basalts. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 11: 90-94.
3. Bailey, E.H., 1994. The solubility of uranium and thorium in hydrothermal fluids and subduction zones. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Bristol, Bristol, 182 pp. (unpublished).
4. Bailey, E.H., 1996. Predicted uranium and thorium solubility in high temperature aqueous fluids, I. Theory. (In preparation).
5. Bailey, E.H., Kemp, A.J. and Ragnarsdóttir, K.V., 1993. Determination of uranium and thorium in basalts and uranium in aqueous solution by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 8: 551-556.
6. Beattie, P., 1993. The generation of uranium series disequilibria by partial melting of spinel peridotite: constraints from partitioning studies. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 117: 379-391.
7. Bluckburn, W.H., Metcalf, R.V. and Ragland. P.C., 1994. Geochemical evolution of the Precambrian Old Rag Granite, Virginia, U.S.A.: testing a U-Th exploration model. Chem. Geol., 111: 177-206.
8. Bowers, T.S. and Taylor, H.P., 1985. An integrated chemical and stable-isotope model of the origin of midocean ridge hot spring systems. J. Geophys. Res., 90: 12583-12606.
9. Bowers, T.S., Campbell, A.C., Measures, C.I., Spivack, A.J., Khadem. M. and Edmond, J.M., 1988. Chemical controls on the composition of vent fluids at 13°-11°N and 21°N, East Pacific Rise. J. Geophys. Res., 93: 4522-4536.
10. Chen, J.H. and Pallister, J.S., 1981. Lead isotopic studies of the Samail ophiolite, Oman. J. Geophys. Res., 86: 2699-2708.
11. Chen, J.H., Wasserburg, G.J., Von Damm, K.L and Edmond, J.M., 1986. The U-Th-Pb systematics in hot springs on the East Pacific Rise at 21°N and Guaymas Basin. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 50: 2467-2479.
12. Condomines, M., Hémond, Ch., and Allègre, C.J., 1988. U-Th-Ra radioactive disequilibria and magmatic processes. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 90: 243-262.
13. Corliss, J.B., Dymond, J., Gordon, L.I., Edmond, J.M., von Herzen, R.P., Ballard, R.D., Green, K., Williams, D., Bainbridge, A., Crane, K. and van Andel, T.H., 1979. Exploration of submarine thermal springs on the Galapagos Rift. Science, 203: 1073-1083.
14. Daux, V., Crovisier, J.L., Hémond, C. and Petit, J.C., 1994. Geochcmical evolution of basaltic rocks subject to weathering: Fate of the major elements, rare earth elements and thorium. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 22: 4941-4954.
15. Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A. and Zussman, J., 1966. An Introduction to the Rock-forming Minerals. Longman, London, 528 pp.
16. Edmond, J.M., Measures, C., McDuff, R.E., Chan, L.H., Collier, R., Grant, B., Gordon, L.I. and Corliss, J.B., 1979. Ridge crest hydrothermal activity and the balances of the major and minor elements in the ocean: the Galapagos data. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 46: 1-18.
17. Grenthe, I., Fuger, J., Lemire, R.J., Muller, A.B., Nguyen-Trung, C. and Wanner, H., 1992. NEA-TBD Chemical thermodynamics of uranium. In: H. Wanner and I. Forest (Editors). Chemical Thermodynamics. 1. OECD (Org. Econ. Coop. Dev.)-NEA (Nucl. Energy Agency). North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 715 pp.
18. Langmuir, D., 1978. Uranium solution-mineral equilibria at low temperatures with applications to sedimentary ore deposits. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 42: 547-569.
19. Langmuir, D. and Herman, J.S., 1980. The mobility of thorium in natural waters at low temperatures. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 44: 1753-1766.
20. Leroy, J.L. and George-Aniel, B., 1992. Volcanism and uranium mineralizations: the concept of source rock and concentration mechanism. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 50: 247-272.
21. Lewis, A.J., Palmer, M.R., Kemp, A.J. and Sturchio, N.C., 1996. The rare earth element geochemistry of acid-sulphate and acid-sulphate-chloride geothermal systems from Yellowstone National Park. Wyoming, USA. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta (in press).
22. MacDougall, J.D., Finkel, R.C., Carlson, J. and Krishnaswami, S., 1979. Isotopic evidence for uranium exchange during low-temperature alteration of oceanic basalt. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 42: 27-34.
23. Michard, A., Albarède, F., Michard, G., Minster, J.F. and Charlou. J.L., 1983. Rare-earth elements and uranium in high-temperature solutions from East Pacific Rise hydrothermal vent field (13°N). Nature (London), 303: 795-797.
24. Ragnarsdóttir, K.V., Walther, J.V. and Arnórsson, S., 1984. Description and interpretation of the composition of fluid and alteration mineralogy in the geothermal system, at Svartsengi, Iceland. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 48: 1535-1553.
25. Valsami, E., 1990. Geochemistry and petrology of hydrothermal discharge zones in the Pindos and Othris ophiolites, Greece. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, 359 pp. (unpublished).
26. Valsami, E. and Cann, J.R., 1992. Evidence for the mobility of the rare earth elements in zones of intense hydrothermal alteration in the Pindos ophiolite, Greece. In: L.M. Parson, B.J. Murton, and P. Browning (Editors). Ophiolites and Their Modern Oceanic Analogues. Geol. Soc. London, Spec. Publ., 60: 219-232.
27. Valsami-Jones, E. and Cann, J.R., 1994. Controls on the Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of hydrothermally altered rocks from the Pindos ophiolite, Greece. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 125: 39-54.
28. Von Damm, K.L., 1988. Systematics of and postulated controls on submarine hydrothermal solution chemistry. J. Geophys. Res., 93: 4551-4561.
29. Von Damm, K.L., 1990. Seafloor hydrothermal activity: black smoker chemistry and chimneys. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 18: 173-204.
30. Von Damm, K.L., Edmond, J.M., Grant, B., Measures, C.I., Walden, B. and Weiss, R.F.,1985a. Chemistry of submarine Hydrothermal solutions at 21°N, East Pacific Rise. Geochim. Cosmochim. Act. 49: 2197-2220.
31. Von Damm, K.L., Edmond, J.M., Measures, C.I. and Grant B., 1985b. Chemistry of submarine hydrothermal solutions at Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 49: 2221-2237.
32. Von Damm, K.L., Oosting, S.E., Kozlowski, R., Buttermore, L.G., Colodner, d.C., Edmonds, H.N., Edmond, J. M. and Grebmeier, J.M., 1995. Evolution of East Pacific Rise hydrothermal vent fluids following a volcanic eruption. Nature (London), 375: 47-50.
33. Welhan, J.A. and Craig, H., 1983. Methane, hydrogen and helium In hydrothermal fluids at 21°N, East Pacific Rise. In: P.A. Hydrothermal Processes at Seafloor Spreading Centers. NATO (N. Atlantic Treaty Org.) Conf. Ser., Plenum, New York, N.Y., pp. 391-409.
34. Wolery, T., 1992. EQ3NR. A computer program for geochemical Aqueous speciation - solubility calculations: User's guide and Related documentation. Lawrence Livermore Lab., Livermore, Calif., UCRL-MA-H0662 PT III, 246 pp.
35. Zielinski, R.A., 1978. Uranium abundances and distribution in Associated glassy and crystalline rhyolites of the Western United States. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 89: 409-414.