Ryanodine receptors of striated muscles: A complex channel capable of multiple interactions

Physiological Reviews

Volumn 77, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 699-729

  Franzini Armstrong, Clara ^a   Protasi, Feliciano ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM; CALCIUM BINDING PROTEIN; CALCIUM CHANNEL; CALSEQUESTRIN; DIHYDROPYRIDINE; FK 506 BINDING PROTEIN; INOSITOL 1,4,5 TRISPHOSPHATE RECEPTOR; RYANODINE RECEPTOR;

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; EXCITATION CONTRACTION COUPLING; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM; SKELETAL MUSCLE; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION;

EID: 0030789142     PISSN: 00319333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/physrev.1997.77.3.699     Document Type: Review

References (354)

1. ADAMS, B. A., T. TANABE, A. MIKAMI, S. NUMA, AND K. G. BEAM. Intramembrane charge movement restored in dysgenic skeletal muscle by injection of dihydropyridine receptor cDNAs. Nature 346: 569-572, 1990.
2. AHERN, G. P., P. R. JUNANKAR, AND A. F. DULHUNTY. Single channel activity of the ryanodine receptor calcium release channel is modulated by FK-506. FEBS Lett. 352: 369-374, 1994.
3. AIREY, J. A., M. D. BARING, C. F. BECK, Y. CHELLIAH, T. J. DEERINCK, M. H. ELLISMAN, L. J. HOUENOU, D. D. MCKEMY, J. L. SUTKO, AND J. TALVENHEIMO. Failure to make normal alpha ryanodine receptor is an early event associated with the crooked neck dwarf (cn) mutation in chicken. Dev. Dyn. 197: 169-188, 1993.
4. 12. Dev. Biol. 148: 365-374, 1991.
5. AIREY, J. A., C. F. BECK, K. MURAKAMI, S. J. TANKSLEY, T. J. DEERINCK, M. H. ELLISMAN, AND J. L. SUTKO. Identification and localization of two triad junctional foot protein isoforms in mature avian fast twitch skeletal muscle. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 14187-14194, 1990.
6. AIREY, J. A., T. J. DEERINCK, M. H. ELLISMAN, L. J. HOUENOU, A. IVANENKO, J. L. KENYON, D. D. MCKEMY, AND J. L. SUTKO. Crooked neck dwarf (cn) mutant chicken skeletal muscle cells in low density primary cultures fail to express normal alpha ryanodine receptor and exhibit a partial mutant phenotype. Dev. Dyn. 197: 189-202, 1993.
7. AIREY, J. A., M. M. GRINSELL, L. R. JONES, J. L. SUTKO, AND D. WITCHER. Three ryanodine receptor isoforms exist in avian striated muscles. Biochemistry 32: 5739-5745, 1993.
8. 3H]ryanodine binding to rabbit and frog skeletal muscle. Am. J. Physiol. 266 (Cell Physiol. 35): C462-C466, 1994.
9. 2+ release channel complex. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 1329-1335, 1989.
10. 2+-dependent mechanisms in cell homogenates from rabbit skeletal muscle. J. Gen. Physiol. 105: 363-383, 1995.
11. ASHLEY, R. H. Activation and conductance properties of ryanodine-sensitive calcium channels from brain microsomal membranes incorporated into planar lipid bilayers. J. Membr. Biol. 111: 179-189, 1989.
12. BEAM, K. G., B. A. ADAMS, T. NIIDOME, S. NUMA, AND T. TANABE. Function of a truncated dihydropyridine receptor as both voltage sensor and calcium channel. Nature 360: 169-171, 1992.
13. BEAM, K. G., C. M. KNUDSON, AND J. A. POWELL. A lethal mutation in mice eliminates the slow calcium current in skeletal muscle cells. Nature 320: 168-170, 1986.
14. BEAM, K. G., T. TANABE, AND S. NUMA. Structure, function, and regulation of the skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 560: 127-137, 1989.
15. BENNETT, D. L., T. R. CHEEK, M. J. BERRIDGE, H. DE SMEDT, J. B. PARYS, L. MISSIAEN, AND M. D. BOOTMAN. Expression and function of ryanodine receptors in nonexcitable cells. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 6356-6362, 1996.
16. BERRIDGE, M. Inositol triphosphate and calcium signalling. Nature 361: 315-325, 1993.
17. BERRIDGE, M. J., T. R. CHEEK, D. L. BENNETT, AND M. D. BOOTMAN. Ryanodine receptors and intracellular calcium signaling. In Ryanodine Receptors, edited by V. Sorrentino. New York: CRC. 1996, p. 119-153.
18. BERS, D. M., AND V. M. STIFFEL. Ratio of ryanodine to dihydropyn dine receptors in cardiac and skeletal muscle and implications for E-C coupling. Am. J. Physiol. 264 (Cell Physiol. 33): C1587-C1593. 1993.
19. BEZPROZVANNY, I., S. BEZPROZVANNAYA, AND B. E. EHRLICH. Caffeine-induced inhibition of inositol(1,4,5)-trisphosphate-gated calcium channels from cerebellum. Mol. Biol. Cell. 5; 97-103, 1994.
20. BEZPROZVANNY, I. B., K. ONDRIAS, E. KAFTAN, D. A. STOYANOVSKY, AND B. E. EHRLICH. Activation of the calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor) by heparin and other polyanions is calcium dependent. Mol. Biol. Cell 4: 347-352, 1993.
21. BLOCK, B. A., T. IMAGAWA, K. P. CAMPBELL, AND C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG. Structural evidence for direct interaction between the molecular components of the transverse tubule/sarcoplasmic reticulum junction in skeletal muscle. J. Cell Biol. 107: 2587-2600, 1988.
22. BLOCK, B. A., J. O'BRIEN, AND J. FRANCK. The role of ryanodine receptor isoforms in the structure and function of the vertebrate triad. In: Organellar Ion Channels and Transporters, edited by D. E. Clapham and B. E. Ehrlich. New York: Rockefeller Univ. Press, 1996, p. 47-65.
23. BLOCK, B. A., J. O'BRIEN, AND G. MEISSNER. Characterization of the sarcoplasmic reticulum proteins in the thermogenic muscles of fish. J. Cell Biol. 127: 1275-1287, 1994.
24. BRANDT, N. R., A. H. CASWELL, T. BRANDT, K. BREW, AND R. L. MELLGREN. Mapping of the calpain proteolysis products of the junctional foot protein of the skeletal muscle triad junction. J. Membr. Biol. 127: 35-47, 1992.
25. 2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum. FEBS Lett. 299: 57-59, 1992.
26. BRANDT, N. R., A. H. CASWELL, S. A. CARL, D. G. FERGUSON, T. BRANDT, J. P. BRUNSCHWIG, AND A. L. BASSETT. Detection and localization of triadin in rat ventricular muscle. J. Membr. Biol. 131: 219-228, 1993.
27. BRANDT, N. R., A. H. CASWELL, S. R. WEN, AND J. A. TALVENHEIMO. Molecular interactions of the junctional foot protein and dihydropyridine receptor in skeletal muscle triads. J. Membr. Biol. 113: 237-251, 1990,
28. BRILLANTES, A. B., K. ONDRIAS, A. SCOTT, E. KOBRINSKY, E. ONDRIASOVA, M. C. MOSCHELLA, T. JAYARAMAN, M. LANDERS, B. E. EHRLICH, AND A. R. MARKS. Stabilization of calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor) function by FK506-binding protein. Cell 77: 513-523, 1994.
29. BRUNSCHWIG, J. P., N. BRANDT, A. H. CASWELL, AND D.S. LUKEMAN. Ultrastructural observations of isolated intact and fragmented junctions of skeletal muscle by use of tannic acid mordanting. J. Cell Biol. 93: 533-542, 1982.
30. BUCK, E., I. ZIMANYI, J. J. ABRAMSON, AND I. N. PESSAH. Ryanodine stabilizes multiple conformational states of the skeletal muscle calcium release channel. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 23560-23567, 1992.
31. BULL, R., AND J. J. MARENGO. Sarcoplasmic reticulum release channels from frog skeletal muscle display two types of calcium dependence [published erratum appears in FEBS Lett. 1994 Jan 3;337(1): 121]. FEBS Lett. 331: 223-227, 1993.
32. 2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) by calmodulin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 213: 1082-1090, 1995.
33. CAD WELL, J. J., AND A. H. CASWELL. Identification of a constituent of the junctional feet linking terminal cisternae to transverse tubules in skeletal muscle. J. Cell Biol. 93: 543-550, 1982.
34. 2+ release channel. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 15876-15884, 1994.
35. CAMERON, A. M., J. P. STEINER, D. M. SABATINI, A. I. KAPLIN, L. D. WALENSKY, AND S. H. SNYDER. Immunophilin FK506 binding protein associated with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor modulates calcium flux. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 1784-1788, 1995.
36. CAMPBELL, K. P., C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG, AND A. E. SHAMOO. Further characterization of light and heavy sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles. Identification of the "sarcoplasmic reticulum feet" associated with heavy sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 602: 97-116, 1980.
37. 2+ release channel. J. Biol. Chem. 262: 6460-6463, 1987.
38. CARL, S. L., K. FELIX, A. H. CASWELL, N. R. BRANDT, W. J. BALL, JR., P. L. VAGHY, G. MEISSNER, AND D. G. FERGUSON. Immunolocalization of sarcolemmal dihydropyridine receptor and sarcoplasmic reticular triadin and ryanodine receptor in rabbit ventricle and atrium. J. Cell Biol. 129: 672-682, 1995.
39. 2+ release regulation in junctional sarcoplasmic reticuluro. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 290: 239-247, 1991.
40. CASWELL, A. H., N. R. BRANDT, J. P. BRUNSCHWIG, AND S. PURKERSON. Localization and partial characterization of the oligomeric disulfide-linked molecular weight 95,000 protein (triadin) which binds the ryanodine and dihydropyridine receptors in skeletal muscle triadic vesicles. Biochemistry 30: 7507-7513, 1991.
41. CASWELL, A. H., AND J. P. BRUNSCHWIG. Identification and extraction of proteins that compose the triad junction of skeletal muscle. J. Cell Biol. 99: 929-939, 1984.
42. CATTERALL, W. A. Excitation-contraction coupling in vertebrate skeletal muscle: a tale of two calcium channels. Cell 64: 871-874, 1991.
43. CHADWICK, C. C., A. SAITO, AND S. FLEISCHER. Isolation and characterization of the inositol trisphosphate receptor from smooth muscle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 2132-2136, 1990.
44. CHAUDHARI, N. A single nucleotide deletion in the skeletal muscle-specific calcium channel transcript of muscular dysgenesis (mdg) mice. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 25636-25639, 1992.
45. CHAUDHARI, N., R. DELAY, AND K. G. BEAM. Restoration of normal function in genetically defective myotubes by spontaneous fusion with fibroblasts. Nature 341: 445-447, 1989.
46. 2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) resulting from partial digestion of rabbit skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 22642-22649, 1993.
47. 2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) of rabbit skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 22698-22704, 1994.
48. 2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) of rabbit skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum in COS-1 cells. Biochemistry 32: 3743-3753, 1993.
49. 2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) of rabbit skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 23318-23326, 1992.
50. 2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) of rabbit skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 13414-13421, 1993.
51. 2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) by 12-kDa FK506 binding protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 11953-11957, 1994.
52. CHENG, H., W. J. LEDERER, AND M. B. CANNELL. Calcium sparks: elementary events underlying excitation-contraction coupling in heart muscle. Science 262: 740-744, 1993.
53. CHU, A., M. DIAZ-MUNOZ, M. J. HAWKES, K. BRUSH, AND S. L. HAMILTON. Ryanodine as a probe for the functional state of the skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release channel. Mol. Pharmacol. 37: 735-741, 1990.
54. 2+ release is observed in native vesicles. J. Membr. Biol. 135: 49-59, 1993.
55. CHU, A., C. SUMBILLA, D. SCALES, A. PIAZZA, AND G. INESI. Trypsin digestion of junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles. Biochemistry 27: 2827-2833, 1988.
56. CLAPHAM, E., AND B. E. EHRLICH (Editors). Organellar Ion Channels and Transporters. Society of General Physiologists, 49th Annual Symposium. New York: Rockefeller Univ. Press, 1995.
57. COLLINS, J. H. Sequence analysis of the ryanodine receptor: possible association with a 12K, FK506-binding immunophilin/protein kinase C inhibitor. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 178: 1288-1290, 1991.
58. CONTI, A., L. GORZA, AND V. SORRENTINO. Differential distribution of ryanodine receptor type 3 (RyR3) gene product in mammalian skeletal muscles. Biochem. J. 316: 19-23, 1996.
59. CORONADO, R., J. MORRISSETTE, M. SUKHAREVA, AND D. M. VAUGHAN. Structure and function of ryanodine receptors. Am. J. Physiol. 266 (Cell Physiol. 35): C1485-C1504, 1994.
60. COSTELLO, B., C. CHAD WICK, A. SAITO, A. CHU, A. MAURER, AND S. FLEISCHER. Characterization of the junctional face membrane from terminal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Cell Biol. 103: 741-753, 1986.
61. COURBIN, P., J. KOENIG, A. RESSOUCHES, K. G. BEAM, AND J. A. POWELL. Rescue of excitation-contraction coupling in dysgenic muscle by addition of fibroblasts in vitro. Neuron 2: 1341-1350, 1989.
62. DAMIANI, E., AND A. MARGRETH. Specific protein-protein interactions of calsequestrin with junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 172: 1253-1259, 1990.
63. 2+-binding protein as substrates of 60 kDa calmodulin-dependent protein kinase in junctional terminal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum of rabbit fast muscle. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 209: 457-465, 1995.
64. DE JONGH, K. S., D. K. MERRICK, AND W. A. CATTERALL. Subunits of purified calcium channels: a 212-kDa form of alpha 1 and partial amino acid sequence of a phosphorylation site of an independent beta subunit. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 8585-8589, 1989.
65. DELAY, M., B. RIBALET, AND J. VERGARA. Caffeine potentiation of calcium release in frog skeletal muscle fibres. J. Physiol. Lond. 375: 535-559, 1986.
66. DODD, D. A., J. B. ATKINSON, R. D. OLSON, S. BUCK, B. J. CUSACK, S. FLEISCHER, AND R. J. BOUCEK, JR. Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy is associated with a decrease in calcium release channel of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in a chronic rabbit model. J. Clin. Invest. 91: 1697-1705, 1993.
67. 2+ release via a transverse tubule-sarcoplasmic reticulum mechanism. J. Gen. Physiol. 86: 501-525, 1985.
68. DULHUNTY, A. F., P. R. JUNANKAR, AND C. STANHOPE. Extrajunctional ryanodine receptors in the terminal cisternae of mammalian skeletal muscle fibres. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci. 247: 69-75, 1992.
69. DUTRO, S. M., J. A. AIREY, C. F. BECK, J. L. SUTKO, AND W. R. TRUMBLE. Ryanodine receptor expression in embryonic avian cardiac muscle. Dev. Biol. 155: 431-441, 1993.
70. EHRLICH, B. E. Functional properties of intracellular calcium-release channels. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 5: 304-309, 1995.
71. 2+-release channels. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 15: 145-149, 1994.
72. EHRLICH, B. E., AND J. WATRAS. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate activates a channel from smooth muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Nature 336: 583-586, 1988.
73. EL-HAYEK, R., B. ANTONIU, J. WANG, S. L. HAMILTON, AND N. IKEMOTO. Identification of calcium release-triggering and blocking regions of the II-III loop of the skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 22116-22118, 1995.
74. 1 subunit II-III loop: "activator" domain (Abstract). Biophys. J. 70: A162, 1996.
75. ENDO, M. Calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Physiol. Rev. 57: 71-108, 1977.
76. ENDO, M. calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum. Curr. Top. Membr. Transp. 25: 181-230, 1985.
77. ESCOBAR, A. L., J. R. MONCK, J. M. FERNANDEZ, AND J. L. VERGARA. Localization of sites of calcium release at the level of a single sarcomere in skelatal muscle fibres. Nature Lond. 367: 739-741, 1994.
78. FABIATO, A. Effects of ryanodine in skinned cardiac cells. Federation Proc. 44: 2970-2976, 1985.
79. FAIRHURST, A. S., AND D. J. JENDEN. The distribution of a ryanodine-sensitive calcium pump in skeletal muscle fractions. J. Cell. Physiol. 67: 233-238, 1966.
80. FAN, H., N. R. BRANDT, AND A. H. CASWELL. Disulfide bonds, N-glycosylation and transmembrane topology of skeletal muscle triadin. Biochemistry 34: 14902-14908, 1995.
81. FAN, H., N. R. BRANDT, M. PENG, A. SCHWARTZ, AND A. H. CASWELL. Binding sites of monoclonal antibodies and dihydropyridine receptor alpha 1 subunit cytoplasmic II-III loop on skeletal muscle triadin fusion peptides. Biochemistry 34: 14893-14901, 1995.
82. FERGUSON, D. G., H. W. SCHWARTZ, AND C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG. Subunit structure of junctional feet in triads of skeletal muscle: a freeze-drying, rotary-shadowing study. J. Cell Biol. 99: 1735-1742, 1984.
83. 2+-release channels. Biochem. J. 273: 449-457, 1991.
84. FLEISCHER, S., AND M. INUI. Biochemistry and biophysics of excitation-contraction coupling. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biophys. Chem. 18: 333-364, 1989.
85. 2+ release channels with ryanodine in junctional terminal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum of fast skeletal muscle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82: 7256-7259, 1985.
86. FLUCHER, B. E., S. B. ANDREWS, AND M. P. DANIELS. Molecular organization of transverse tubule/sarcoplasmic reticulum junctions during development of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. Mol. Biol. Cell 5: 1105-1118, 1994.
87. FLUCHER, B. E., S. B. ANDREWS, S. FLEISCHER, A. R. MARKS, A. CASWELL, AND J. A. POWELL. Triad formation: organization and function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release channel and triadin in normal and dysgenic muscle in vitro. J. Cell Biol. 123: 1161-1174, 1993.
88. FLUCHER, B. E., AND C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG. Formation of junctions involved in excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 8101-8106, 1996.
89. FLUCHER, B. E., M. E. MORTON, S. C. FROEHNER, AND M. P. DANIELS. Localization of the alpha 1 and alpha 2 subunits of the dihydropyridine receptor and ankyrin in skeletal muscle triads. Neuron 5: 339-351, 1990.
90. FLUCHER, B. E., J. L. PHILLIPS, AND J. A. POWELL. Dihydropyridine receptor alpha subunits in normal and dysgenic muscle in vitro: expression of alpha 1 is required for proper targeting and distribution of alpha 2. J. Cell Biol. 115: 1345-1356, 1991.
91. FORMELOVA, J., O. HURNAK, M. NOVOTOVA, AND J. ZACHAR. Ryanodine receptor purified from crayfish skeletal muscle. Gen. Physiol. Biophys. 9: 445-453, 1990.
92. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG, C. Studies of the triad. I. Structure of the junction in frog twitch fibers. J. Cell Biol. 47: 488-499, 1970.
93. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG, C. Functional significance of membrane architecture in skeletal and cardiac muscle. In: Organellar Ion Channels and Transporters. Society of General Physiologists, 49th Annual Symposium, edited by D. E. Clapham and B. E. Ehrlich. New York: Rockefeller Univ. Press, 1996, p. 3-18.
94. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG, C., AND A. O. JORGENSEN. Structure and development of E-C coupling units in skeletal muscle. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 56: 509-534, 1994.
95. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG, C., L. J. KENNEY, AND E. VARRIANO-MARSTON. The structure of calsequestrin in triads of vertebrate skeletal muscle: a deep-etch study. J. Cell Biol. 105: 49-56, 1987.
96. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG, C., AND J. W. KISH. Alternate disposition of tetrads in peripheral couplings of skeletal muscle. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 16: 319-324, 1995.
97. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG, C., M. PINCON-RAYMOND, AND F. RIEGER. Muscle fibers from dysgenic mouse in vivo lack a surface component of peripheral couplings. Dev. Biol. 146: 364-376, 1991.
98. FUENTES, O., C. VALDIVIA, D. VAUGHAN, R. CORONADO, AND H. H. VALDIVIA. Calcium-dependent block of ryanodine receptor channel of swine skeletal muscle by direct binding of calmodulin. Cell Calcium 15: 305-316, 1994.
99. 2+ release channels are differentially expressed in rabbit brain. J. Neurosci. 14: 4794-4805, 1994.
100. 2+ signaling in the brain. J. Neurochem. 64: 953-960, 1995.
101. FUTATSUGI, A., G. KUWAJIMA, AND K. MIKOSHIBA. Tissue-specific and developmentally regulated alternative splicing in mouse skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor mRNA. Biochem. J. 305: 373-378, 1995.
102. GARCIA, J., A. J. AVILA-SAKAR, AND E. STEFANI. Differential effects of ryanodine and tetracaine on charge movement and calcium transients in frog skeletal muscle. J. Physiol. Lond. 440: 403-417, 1991.
103. 2+ channel that is regulated by TGF-β. Science Wash. DC 257: 91-94, 1992.
104. GIANNINI, G., A. CONTI, S. MAMMARELLA, M. SCROBOGNA, AND V. SORRENTINO. The ryanodine receptor/calcium channel genes are widely and differentially expressed in murine brain and peripheral tissues. J. Cell Biol. 128: 893-904, 1995.
105. GRUNWALD, R., AND G. MEISSNER. Lumenal sites and C terminus accessibility of the skeletal muscle calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor). J. Biol. Chem. 270: 11338-11347, 1995.
106. 2+ channels: modulation by the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase? Biochemistry 34: 5120-5129, 1995.
107. GUO, W., AND K. P. CAMPBELL. Association of triadin with the ryanodine receptor and calsequestrin in the lumen of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 9027-9030, 1995.
108. GUO, W., A. O. JORGENSEN, AND K. P. CAMPBELL. Characterization and ultrastructural localization of a novel 90-kDa protein unique to skeletal muscle junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 28359-28365, 1994.
109. GUO, W., A. O. JORGENSEN, AND K. P. CAMPBELL. Triadin, a linker for calsequestrin and the ryanodine receptor. In: Organellar Ion Channels and Transporters. Society of General Physiologists, 49th Annual Symposium, edited by D. E. Clapham and B. E. Ehrlich. New York: Rockefeller Univ. Press, 1996, p. 19-28.
110. GUO, W., A. O. JORGENSEN, L. R. JONES, AND K. P. CAMPBELL. Biochemical characterization and molecular cloning of cardiac triadin. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 458-465, 1996.
111. HAIN, J., H. ONOUE, M. MAYRLEITNER, S. FLEISCHER, AND H. SCHINDLER. Phosphorylation modulates the function of the calcium release channel of sarcoplasmic reticulum from cardiac muscle. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 2074-2081, 1995.
112. HAKAMATA, Y., J. NAKAI, H. TAKESHIMA, AND K. IMOTO. Primary structure and distribution of a novel ryanodine receptor/calcium release channel from rabbit brain. FEBS Lett. 312: 229-235, 1992.
113. 2+-release channels: identification and expression patterns of the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate and the ryanodine receptor genes. Development 116: 967-975, 1992.
114. HAWKES, M. J., M. DIAZ-MUNOZ, AND S. L. HAMILTON. A procedure for purification of the ryanodine receptor from skeletal muscle. Membr. Biochem. 8: 133-145, 1989.
115. HENKART, M., D. M. LANDIS, AND T. S. REESE. Similarity of junctions between plasma membranes and endoplasmic reticulum in muscle and neurons. J. Cell Biol. 70: 338-347, 1976.
116. 2+ release channel of vascular smooth muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Pfluegers Arch. 418: 353-359, 1991.
117. 2+ release channel activity by phosphorylation of the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor. FEBS Lett. 332: 237-242, 1993.
118. 2+ release channels from the skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 292: 1-15, 1992.
119. HOHENEGGER, M., AND J. SUKO. Phosphorylation of the purified cardiac ryanodine receptor by exogenous and endogenous protein kinases. Biochem. J. 296: 303-308, 1993.
120. HUXLEY, A. F., AND R. E. TAYLOR. Local activation of skeletal muscle fibers. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 144: 426-441, 1958.
121. 2+ channels in planar bilayers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 441-445, 1988.
122. 2+ signaling. In: Organellar Ion Channels and Transporters. Society of General Physiologists, 49th Annual Symposium, edited by D. E. Clapham and B. E. Ehrlich. New York: Rockefeller Univ. Press, 1996, p. 67-74.
123. IKEMOTO, N., B. ANTONIU, J. J. KANG, L. G. MESZAROS, AND M. RONJAT. Intravesicular calcium transient during calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum. Biochemistry 30: 5230-5237, 1991.
124. IKEMOTO, N., B. ANTONIU, AND L. G. MESZAROS. Rapid flow chemical quench studies of calcium release from isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 260: 14096-14100, 1985.
125. IKEMOTO, N., M. RONJAT, L. G. MESZAROS, AND M. KOSHITA. Postulated role of calsequestrin in the regulation of calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum. Biochemistry 28: 6764-6771, 1989.
126. 2+ release in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of rabbit skeletal muscle fibres. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 487: 573-582, 1995.
127. 2+-permeable pore of the calcium release channel. J. Biol. Chem. 262: 16636-16643, 1987.
128. IMAGAWA, T., T. TAKASAGO, AND M. SHIGEKAWA. Cardiac ryanodine receptor is absent in type I slow skeletal muscle fibers: immunochemical and ryanodine binding studies. J. Biochem. 106: 342-348, 1989.
129. 2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) from heart and skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Methods Enzymol 157: 490-505, 1988.
130. INUI, M., A. SAITO, AND S. FLEISCHER. Purification of the ryanodine receptor and identity with feet structures of junctional terminal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum from fast skeletal muscle. J. Biol. Chem. 262: 1740-1747, 1987.
131. INUI, M., A. SAITO, AND S. FLEISCHER. Isolation of the ryanodine receptor from cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum and identity with the feet structures. J. Biol. Chem. 262: 15637-15642, 1987.
132. INUI, M., S. WANG, A. SAITO, AND S. FLEISCHER. Characterization of junctional and longitudinal sarcoplasmic reticulum from heart muscle. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 10843-10850, 1988.
133. IVANENKO, A., D. D. MCKEMY, J. L. KENYON, J. A. AIREY, AND J. L. SUTKO. Embryonic chicken skeletal muscle cells fail to develop normal excitation-contraction coupling in the absence of the alpha ryanodine receptor. Implications for a two-ryanodine receptor system. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 4220-4223, 1995.
134. 3? J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 12: 316-320, 1991.
135. JAYARAMAN, T., A. M. BRILLANTES, A. P. TIMERMAN, S. FLEISCHER, H. ERDJUMENT-BROMAGE, P. TEMPST, AND A. R. MARKS. FK506 binding protein associated with the calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor). J. Biol. Chem. 267: 9474-9477, 1992.
136. JENDEN, D. J., AND A. S. FAIRHURST. The pharmacology of ryanodine. Pharmacol. Rev. 21: 1-25, 1969.
137. JONES, L. R., L. ZHANG, K. SANBORN, A. O. JORGENSEN, AND J. KELLEY. Purification, primary structure, and immunological characterization of the 26-kDa calsequestrin binding protein (junctin) from cardiac junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 30787-30796, 1995.
138. JORGENSEN, A. O., W. ARNOLD, C. THOMPSON, AND L. R. JONES. Junctin, the 26kd calsequestrin bind protein localizes to junctional SR (Abstract). Biophys. J. 70: A163, 1996.
139. JORGENSEN, A. O., AND K. P. CAMPBELL. Evidence for the presence of calsequestrin in two structurally different regions of myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Cell Biol. 98: 1597-1602, 1984.
140. 2+-release channel/ryanodine receptor is localized in junctional and corbular sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiac muscle. J. Cell Biol. 120: 969-980, 1993.
141. JORGENSEN, A. O., A. C. SHEN, AND K. P. CAMPBELL. Ultrastructural localization of calsequestrin in adult rat atrial and ventricular muscle cells. J. Cell Biol. 101: 257-268, 1985.
142. JORGENSEN, A. O., A. C. SHEN, K. P. CAMPBELL, AND D. H. MACLENNAN. Ultrastructural localization of calsequestrin in rat skeletal muscle by immunoferritin labeling of ultrathin frozen sections. J. Cell Biol. 97: 1573-1581, 1983.
143. JUNANKAR, P. R., AND A. F. DULHUNTY. Monoclonal antibody to skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor detects a polypeptide in rat brain: comparison of immunogenic fragments after limited proteolysis. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 32: 29-37, 1994.
144. JUNKER, J., J. R. SOMMER, M. SAR, AND G. MEISSNER. Extended junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum of avian cardiac muscle contains functional ryanodine receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 1627-1634, 1994.
145. 2+-release channels from cardiac muscle. Circ. Res. 78: 990-997, 1996.
146. KATAYAMA, E., H. FUNAHASHI, T. MICHIKAWA, T. SHIRAISHI, T. IKEMOTO, M. IINO, AND K. MIKOSHIBA. Native structure and arrangement of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor molecules in bovine cerebellar Purkinje cells as studied by quick-freze deep-etch electron microscopy. EMBO J. 15: 4844-4851, 1996.
147. KAWAMOTO, R. M., J. P. BRUNSCHWIG, AND A. H. CASWELL. Localization by immunoelectron microscopy of spanning protein of triad junction in terminal cisternae/triad vesicles. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 9: 334-343, 1988.
148. KAWAMOTO, R. M., J. P. BRUNSCHWIG, K. C. KIM, AND A. H. CASWELL. Isolation, characterization, and localization of the spanning protein from skeletal muscle triads. J. Cell Biol. 103: 1405-1414, 1986.
149. KAWASAKI, T., AND M. KASAI. Regulation of calcium channel in sarcoplasmic reticulum by calsequestrin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 199: 1120-1127, 1994.
150. KIJIMA, Y., A. SAITO, T. L. JETTON, M. A. MAGNUSON, AND S. FLEISCHER. Different intracellular localization of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and ryanodine receptors in cardiomyocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 3499-3506, 1993.
151. KIM, K. C., A. H. CASWELL, J. A. TALVENHEIMO, AND N. R. BRANDT. Isolation of a terminal cisterna protein which may link the dihydropyridine receptor to the junctional foot protein in skeletal muscle. Biochemistry 29: 9281-9289, 1990.
152. KIM, K. C., A. H. CASWELL, J. P. BRUNSCHWIG, AND N. R. BRANDT. Identification of a new subpopulation of triad junctions isolated from skeletal muscle: morphological correlations with intact muscle. J. Membr. Biol. 113: 221-235, 1990.
153. 3H]ryanodine and form a large conductance channel. Biophys. J. 63: 1379-1384, 1992.
154. KLEIN, M. G., L. F. CHENG, L. F. SANTANA, Y. H. W. J. LEDERER, AND M. F. SCHNEIDER. Two mechanisms of quantized calcium release in skeletal muscle. Nature 379: 455-458, 1996.
155. KNUDSON, C. M., K. K. STANG, A. O. JORGENSEN, AND K. P. CAMPBELL. Biochemical characterization of ultrastructural localization of a major junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum glycoprotein (triadin). J. Biol. Chem. 268: 12637-12645, 1993.
156. KOBAYASHI, S., A. V. SOMLYO, AND A. P. SOMLYO. Heparin inhibits the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent, but not the independent, calcium release induced by guanine nucleotide in vascular smooth muscle. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 153: 625-631, 1988.
157. KUWAJIMA, G., A. FUTATSUGI, M. NIINOBE, S. NAKANISHI, AND K. MIKOSHIBA. Two types of ryanodine receptors in mouse brain: skeletal muscle type exclusively in Purkinje cells and cardiac muscle type in various neurons. Neuron 9: 1133-1142, 1992.
158. 2+-release channel isoform in mammalian brain. Biochem. J. 288: 553-564, 1992.
159. LAI, F. A., H. ERICKSON, B. A. BLOCK, AND G. MEISSNER. Evidence for a junctional feet-ryanodine receptor complex from sarcoplasmic reticulum. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 143: 704-709, 1987.
160. LAI, F. A., H. P. ERICKSON, E. ROUSSEAU, Q. Y. LIU, AND G. MEISSNER. Purification and reconstitution of the calcium release channel from skeletal muscle. Nature 331: 315-319, 1988.
161. LAI, F. A., Q. Y. LIU, L. XU, A. EL-HASHEM, N. R. KRAMARCY, R. SEALOCK, AND G. MEISSNER. Amphibian ryanodine receptor isoforms are related to those of mammalian skeletal or cardiac muscle. Am. J. Physiol. 263 (Cell Physiol. 32): C365-C372, 1992.
162. 2+ channel activity. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 21: 227-246, 1989.
163. 2+ release channel complex of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Evidence for a cooperatively coupled, negatively charged homotetramer. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 16776-16785, 1989.
164. LAM, E., M. M. MARTIN, A. P. TIMERMAN, C. SABERS, S. FLEISCHER, T. LUKAS, R. T. ABRAHAM, S. J. O'KEEFE, E. A. O'NEILL, AND G. J. WIEDERRECHT. A novel FK506 binding protein can mediate the immunosuppressive effects of FK506 and is associated with the cardiac ryanodine receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 26511-26522, 1995.
165. LAMB, G. D., G. S. POSTERINO, AND D. G. STEPHENSON. Effects of heparin on excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle of toad and rat. J. Physiol. Lond. 474: 319-329, 1994.
166. 2+ inhibits the ryanodine receptor from cardiac muscle. J. Membr. Biol. 147: 7-22, 1995.
167. LEA, T. J., P. J. GRIFFITHS, R. T. TREGEAR, AND C. C. ASHLEY. An examination of the ability of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate to induce calcium release and tension development in skinned skeletal muscle fibres of frog and crustacea. FEBS Lett. 207: 153-161, 1986.
168. LEDBETTER, M. W., J. K. PREINER, C. F. LOUIS, AND J. R. MICKELSON. Tissue distribution of ryanodine receptor isoforms and alleles determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 31544-31551, 1994.
169. 2+ release channel protein complex into proteoliposomes. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 13305-13312, 1994.
170. LESH, R. E., A. R. MARKS, A. V. SOMLYO, S. FLEISCHER, AND A. P. SOMLYO. Anti-ryanodine receptor antibody binding sites in vascular and endocardial endothelium. Circ. Res. 72: 481-488, 1993.
171. LIU, G., J. J. ABRAMSON, A. C. ZABLE, AND I. N. PESSAH. Direct evidence for the existence and functional role of hyperreactive sulfhydryls on the ryanodine receptor-triadin complex selectively labeled by the coumarin maleimide 7-diethylamino-3-(4′-maleimidylphenyl)-4-methylcoumarin. Mol. Pharmacol. 45: 189-200, 1994.
172. LIU, G., AND I. N. PESSAH. Molecular interaction between ryanodine receptor and glycoprotein triadin involves redox cycling of functionally important hyperreactive sulfhydryls. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 33028-33034, 1994.
173. LIU, Q. Y., F. A. LAI, E. ROUSSEAU, R. V. JONES, AND G. MEISSNER. Multiple conductance states of the purified calcium release channel complex from skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum. Biophys. J. 55: 415-424, 1989.
174. LOESSER, K. E., L. CASTELLANI, AND C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG. Dispositions of junctional feet in muscles of invertebrates. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 13: 161-173, 1992.
175. LOKUTA, A. J., T. B. ROGERS, W. J. LEDERER, AND H. H. VDIVIA. Modulation of cardiac ryanodine receptors of swine and rabbit by a phosphorylation-dephosphorylation mechanism. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 487: 609-622, 1995.
176. LU, X., L. XU, AND G. MEISSNER. Activation of the skeletal muscle calcium release channel by a cytoplasmic loop of the dihydrodine receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 6511-6516, 1994.
177. LU, X., L. XU, AND G. MEISSNER. Phosphorylation of dihydropyridine receptor II-III loop peptide regulates skeletal muscle calcium release channel function. Evidence for an essential role of the beta-OH group of Ser687. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 18459-18464, 1995.
178. MA, J. Block by ruthenium red of the ryanodine-activated calcium release channel of skeletal muscle. J. Gen. Physiol. 102: 1031-1056, 1993.
179. MA, J. Desensitization of the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor: evidence for heterogeneity of calcium release channels. Biophys. J. 68: 893-899, 1995.
180. MA, J., M. B. BHAT, AND J. ZHAO. Rectification of skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor mediated by FK506 binding protein. Biophys. J. 69: 2398-2404, 1995.
181. MA, J., C. MUNDINA-WEILENMANN, M. M. HOSEY, AND E. RIOS. Dihydropyridine-sensitive skeletal muscle Ca channels in polarized planar bilayers. 1. Kinetics and voltage dependence of gating. Biophys. J. 60: 890-901, 1991.
182. MACK, M. M., T. F. MOLINSKI, E. D. BUCK, AND I. N. PESSAH. Novel modulators of skeletal muscle FKBP12/calcium channel complex from lanthella basta. Role of FKBP12 in channel gating. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 23236-23249, 1994.
183. MACLENNAN, D. H., K. P. CAMPBELL, AND R. A. REITHMEIER. Calsequestrin. In: Calcium and Cell Function. New York: Academic, 1983, vol. IV, p. 152-173.
184. MACLENNAN, D. H., AND M. S. PHILLIPS. The role of the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RYR1) gene in malignant hyperthermia and central core disease. Soc. Gen. Physiol. Ser. 50: 89-100, 1995.
185. MARGRETH, A., E. DAMIANI, AND G. TOBALDIN. Ratio of dihydropyridine to ryanodine receptors in mammalian and frog twitch muscles in relation to the mechanical hypothesis of excitation-contraction coupling. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 197: 1303-1311, 1993.
186. MARKS, A., R. Calcium channels expressed in vascular smooth muscle. Circulation 86, Suppl. III: III-61-III-67, 1992.
187. MARKS, A. R., S. FLEISCHER, AND P. TEMPST. Surface topography analysis of the ryanodine receptor/junctional channel complex based on proteolysis sensitivity mapping. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 13143-13149, 1990.
188. MARKS, A. R., M. B. TAUBMAN, A. SAITO, Y. DAI, AND S. FLEISCHER. The ryanodine receptor/junctional channel complex is regulated by growth factors in a myogenic cell line. J. Cell Biol. 114: 303-312, 1991.
189. MARKS, A. R., P. TEMPST, K. S. HWANG, M. B. TAUBMAN, M. INUI, C. CHADWICK, S. FLEISCHER, AND B. NADAL-GINARD. Molecular cloning and characterization of the ryanodine receptor/junctional channel complex cDNA from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 8683-8687, 1989.
190. MARTY, I., M. ROBERT, M. RONJAT, I. BALLY, G. ARLAUD, AND M. VILLAZ. Localization of the N-terminal and C-terminal ends of triadin with respect to the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane of rabbit skeletal muscle. Biochem. J. 307: 769-774, 1995.
191. MARTY, I., M. ROBERT, M. VILLAZ, K. DE JONGH, Y. LAI, W. A. CATTERALL, AND M. RONJAT, Biochemical evidence for a complex involving dihydropyridine receptor and ryanodine receptor in triad junctions of skeletal muscle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 2270-2274, 1994.
192. MARTY, I., M. VILLAZ, G. ARLAUD, I. BALLY, AND M. RONJAT. Transmembrane orientation of the N-terminal and C-terminal ends of the ryanodine receptor in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of rabbit skeletal muscle. Biochem. J. 298: 743-749, 1994.
193. MARZIALI, G., D. ROSSI, G. GIANNINI, A. CHARLES WORTH, AND V. SORRENTINO. cDNA cloning reveals a tissue specific expression of alternative splicing transcirpts of the ryanodine receptor type 3 (RyR3) calcium release channel. FEBS Lett. 394: 76-82, 1996.
194. MAUGER, A., M. KIENY, AND P. F. GOETINCK. Immunofluorescent localization of extracellular matrix components during muscle morphogenesis. II. In chick embryos with hereditary muscular dysgenesis (cn/cn). J. Exp. Zool. 232: 343-358, 1984.
195. 2+ channel in planar bilayers. Cell Calcium 12: 505-514, 1991.
196. MAYRLEITNER, M., R. CHANDLER, H. SCHINDLER, AND S. FLEISCHER. Phosphorylation with protein kinases modulates calcium loading of terminal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum from skeletal muscle. Cell Calcium 18: 197-206, 1995.
197. MAYRLEITNER, M., A. P. TIMERMAN, G. WIEDERRECHT, AND S. FLEISCHER. The calcium release channel of sarcoplasmic reticuluin is modulated by FK-506 binding protein: effect of FKBP-12 on single channel activity of the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor. Cell Calcium 15: 99-108, 1994.
198. MCGREW, S. G., C. WOLLEBEN, P. SIEGL, M. INUI, AND S. FLEISCHER. Positive cooperativity of ryanodine binding to the calcium release channel of sarcoplasmic reticulum from heart and skeletal muscle. Biochemistry 28: 1686-1691, 1989.
199. MCLEOD, A. G., A. C. SHEN, K. P. CAMPBELL, M. MICHALAK, AND A. O. JORGENSEN. Frog cardiac calsequestrin. Identification, characterization, and subcellular distribution in two structurally distinct regions of peripheral sarcoplasmic reticulum in frog ventricular myocardium. Circ. Res. 69: 344-359, 1991.
200. 2+ release channel. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 19785-19790, 1993.
201. 2+ release channel. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 13765-13768, 1993.
202. MCPHERSON, P. S., Y. K. KIM, H. VALDIVIA, C. M. KNUDSON, H. TAKEKURA, C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG, R. CORONADO, AND K. P. CAMPBELL. The brain ryanodine receptor: a caffeine-sensitive calcium release channel. Neuron 7: 17-25, 1991.
203. MEISSNER, G. Isolation and characterization of two types of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 389: 51-68, 1975.
204. 2+ release in sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 259: 2365-2374, 1984.
205. 2+ release channel of sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 261: 6300-6306, 1986.
206. 2+ release channels and their regulation by endogenous effectors. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 56: 485-508, 1994.
207. 2+ and adenine nucleotides. Biochemistry 25: 236-244, 1986.
208. 2+ release channel. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 114: 119-123, 1992.
209. 2+, adenine nucleotide, and calmodulin. J. Biol. Chem. 262: 3065-3073, 1987.
210. MENEGAZZI, P., F. LARINI, S. TREVES, R. GUERRINI, M. QUADRONI, AND F. ZORZATO. Identification and characterization of three calmodulin binding sites of the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor. Biochemistry 33: 9078-9084, 1994.
211. MICHALAK, M., P. DUPRAZ, AND V. SHOSHAN-BARMATZ. Ryanodine binding to sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane: comparison between cardiac and skeletal muscle. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 939: 587-594, 1988.
212. MICHALAK, M., R. E. MILNER, K. BURNS, AND M. OPAS. Calreticulin. Biochem. J. 285: 681-692, 1992.
213. MICKELSON, J. R., E. M. GALLANT, L. A. LITTERER, K. M. JOHNSON, W. E. REMPEL, AND C. F. LOUIS. Abnormal sarcoplasmic reticulum ryanodine receptor in malignant hyperthermia. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 9310-9315, 1988,
214. MIGNERY, G. A., T. C. SUDHOF, K. TAKEI, AND P. DE CAMILLI. Putative receptor for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate similar to ryanodine receptor. Nature 342: 192-195, 1989.
215. MIKAMI, A., K. IMOTO, T. TANABE, T. NIIDOME, Y. MORI, H. TAKESHIMA, S. NARUMIYA, AND S. NUMA. Primary structure and functional expression of the cardiac dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channel. Nature 340: 230-233, 1989.
216. MITCHELL, R. D., A. SAITO, P. PALADE, AND S. FLEISCHER. Morphology of isolated triads. J. Cell Biol. 96: 1017-1029, 1983.
217. 2+ binding effects on protein conformation and protein interactions of canine cardiac calsequestrin. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 1376-1381, 1988.
218. MIYAMOTO, H., AND E. RACKER. Calcium-induced calcium release at terminal cisternae of skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum. FEBS Lett. 133: 235-238, 1981.
219. MIYATAKE, R., A. FURUKAWA, M. MASAYUKI, K. IWAHASHI, K. NAKAMURA, Y. ICHIKAWA, AND H. SUWAKI. Tissue-specific alternative splicing of mouse brain type ryanodine receptor/calcium release channel mRNA. FEBS Lett. 395: 123-126, 1996.
220. MOTOIKE, H. K., A. H. CASWELL, H. M. SMILOWITZ, AND N. R. BRANDT. Extraction of junctional complexes from triad junctions of rabbit skeletal muscle. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 15: 493-504, 1994.
221. MURAYAMA, T., AND Y. OGAWA. Purification and characterization of two ryanodine-binding protein isoforms from sarcoplasmic reticulum of bullfrog skeletal muscle. J. Biochem. 112: 514-522, 1992.
222. MURAYAMA, T., AND Y. OGAWA. Relationships among ryanodine receptor isoforms expressed in vertebrate skeletal muscles based on immunologic cross-reactivities. J. Biochem. 116: 1117-1122, 1994.
223. 3H]ryanodine binding to alpha- and beta-ryanodine receptors purified from bullfrog skeletal muscle in an isotonic medium. FEBS Lett 380: 267-271, 1996.
224. MURAYAMA, T., AND Y. OGAWA. Properties of RyR3 ryanodine receptor isoform in mammalian brain. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 5079-5084, 1996.
225. NAGASAKI, K., AND M. KASAI. Fast release of calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles monitored by chlortetracycline fluorescence. J. Biochem. 94: 1101-1109, 1983.
226. NAKAI, J., B. A. ADAMS, K. IMOTO, AND K. G. BEAM. Critical roles of the S3 segment and S3-S4 linker of repeat I in activation of L-type calcium channels. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 1014-1018, 1994.
227. NAKAI, J., R. T. DIRKSEN, H. T. NGUYEN, I. N. PESSAH, K. G. BEAM, AND P. D. ALLEN. Enhanced dihydropyridine receptor channel activity in the presence of ryanodine receptor. Nature 380: 72-75, 1996.
228. NAKAI, J., T. IMAGAWA, Y. HAKAMAT, M. SHIGEKAWA, H. TAKESHIMA, AND S. NUMA. Primary structure and functional expression from cDNA of the cardiac ryanodine receptor/calcium release channel. FEBS Lett. 271: 169-177, 1990.
229. NAKAI, J., T. TANABE, AND K. G. BEAM. Localization of the sequence important in skeletal-type EC coupling in the II-III loop of the DHP receptor (Abstract). Biophys. J. 68: A14, 1995.
230. 2+ release channels are expressed in vascular smooth muscle. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 215: 814-821, 1995.
231. NIXON, G. F., G. A. MIGNERY, AND A. V. SOMLYO. Immunogold localization of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors and characterization of ultrastructural features of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in phasic and tonic smooth muscle. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 15: 682-700, 1994.
232. NORI, A., L. GORZA, AND P. VOLPE. Expression of ryanodine receptors. In: Ryanodine Receptors, edited by V. Sorrentino. New York: CRC, 1996, p. 102-117.
233. O'BRIEN, J., G. MEISSNER, AND B. A. BLOCK. The fastest contracting muscles of nonmammalian vertebrates express only one isoform of the ryanodine receptor. Biophys. J. 65: 2418-2427, 1993.
234. O'BRIEN, J., H. H. VALDIVIA, AND B. A. BLOCK. Physiological differences between the alpha and beta ryanodine receptors of fish skeletal muscle. Biophys. J. 68: 471-482, 1995.
235. OGAWA, Y. Role of ryanodine receptors. Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 29: 229-274, 1994.
236. OGAWA, Y., AND T. MURAYAMA. Further characterization of ryanodine receptor isoforms purified from bullfrog (skeletal muscle). In: Calcium as Cell Signal, edited by K. Maruyama, Y. Nonomura, and K. Kohama. Tokyo: Igaku-Shopin, 1995, p. 95-101.
237. OHNISHI, S. T. Calcium-induced calcium release from fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biochem. 86: 1147-1150, 1979.
238. OLIVARES, E., N. ARISPE, AND E. ROJAS. Properties of the ryanodine receptor present in the sarcoplasmic reticulum from lobster skeletal muscle. Membr. Biochem. 10: 221-235, 1993.
239. OLIVARES, E. B., S. J. TANKSLEY, J. A. AIREY, C. F. BECK, Y. OUYANG, T. J. DEERINCK, M. H. ELLISMAN, AND J. L. SUTKO. Nonmammalian vertebrate skeletal muscles express two triad junctional foot protein isoforms. Biophys. J. 59: 1153-1163, 1991.
240. ONDRIAS, K., L. BORGATTA, D. H. KIM, AND B. E. EHRLICH. Biphasic effects of doxorubicin on the calcium release channel from sarcoplasmic reticulum of cardiac muscle. Circ. Res. 67: 1167-1174, 1990.
241. ONDRIAS, K., A. B. BRILLANTES, A. SCOTT, B. E. EHRLICH, AND R. MARKS. Single channel properties and calcium conductance of the cloned expressed ryanodine receptor/calcium-release channel. In: Organellar Ion Channels and Transporters. Society of General Physiologists, 49th Annual Symposium, edited by D. E. Clapham and B. E. Ehrlich. New York: Rockefeller Univ. Press, 1996, p. 29-46.
242. ORLOVA, E. V., I.I. SERYSHEVA, M. VAN HEEL, S. L. HAMILTON, AND W. CHIU. Two structural configurations of the skeletal muscle calcium release channel. Nat. Struct. Biol. 3: 547-552, 1996.
243. 2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) of rabbit cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 13472-13483, 1990.
244. OUYANG, Y., T. J. DEERINCK, P. D. WALTON, J. A. AIREY, J. L. SUTKO, AND M. H. ELLISMAN. Distribution of ryanodine receptors in the chicken central nervous system. Brain Res. 620: 269-280, 1993.
245. OYAMADA, H., T. MURAYAMA, T. TAKAGI, M. IINO, N. IWABE, T. MIYATA, Y. OGAWA, AND M. ENDO. Primary structure and distribution of ryanodine-binding protein isoforms of the bullfrog skeletal muscle. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 17206-17214, 1994.
246. 2+ release from intracellular membrane systems. Mol. Pharmacol. 36: 673-680, 1989.
247. PAPE, P. C., D. S. JONG, AND W. K. CHANDLER. Calcium release and its voltage dependence in frog cut muscle fibers equilibrated with 20 mM EGTA. J. Gen. Physiol. 106: 259-336, 1995.
248. 3 blocker, heparin. FEBS Lett. 235: 57-62, 1988.
249. PENG, M., H. FAN, T. L. KIRLEY, A. H. CASWELL, AND A. SCHWARTZ. Structural diversity of triadin in skeletal muscle and evidence of its existence in heart. FEBS Lett. 348: 17-20, 1994.
250. PENNER, R., E. NEHER, H. TAKESHIMA, S. NISHIMURA, AND S. NUMA. Functional expression of the calcium release channel from skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor cDNA. FEBS Lett. 259: 217-221, 1989.
251. PERCIVAL, A. L., A. J. WILLIAMS, J. L. KENYON, M. M. GRINSELL, J. A. AIREY, AND J. L. SUTKO. Chicken skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor isoforms: ion channel properties. Biophys. J. 67: 1834-1850, 1994.
252. 2+-ryanodine receptor complex. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 139: 235-243, 1986.
253. 2+ release channel from rat cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum: possible receptor-mediated mechanism of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy. Mol. Pharmacol. 37: 503-514, 1990.
254. PESSAH, I. N., A. O. FRANCINI, D. J. SCALES, A. L. WATERHOUSE, AND J. E. CASIDA. Calcium-ryanodine receptor complex. Solubilization and partial characterization from skeletal muscle junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles. J. Biol. Chem. 261: 8643-8648, 1986.
255. PESSAH, I. N., M. J. SCHIEDT, M. A. SHALABY, M. MACK, AND S. N. GIRI. Etiology of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release channel lesions in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Toxicology 72: 189-206, 1992.
256. 2+, caffeine, and adenine nucleotides. Mol. Pharmacol 31: 232-238, 1987.
257. PESSAH, I. N., A. L. WATERHOUSE, AND J. E. CASIDA The calcium-ryanodine receptor complex of skeletal and cardiac muscle. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 128: 449-456, 1985.
258. 2+ release channel of sarcoplasmic reticulum from skeletal and cardiac muscle: evidence for a sequential mechanism in ryanodine action. Mol. Pharmacol. 39: 679-689, 1991.
259. PROTASI, F., AND C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG. Significance of the distance between calcium release units in cardiac and skeletal muscle (Abstract). Biophys. J. 70: A245, 1996.
260. 3H1 cells. J. Cell Biol. In press.
261. PROTASI, F., X. H. SUN, AND C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG. Formation and maturation of the calcium release apparatus in developing and adult avian myocardium. Dev. Biol. 173: 265-278, 1996.
262. RADERMACHER, M., V. RAO, R. GRASSUCCI, J. FRANK, A. P. TIMERMAN, S. FLEISCHER, AND T. WAGENKNECHT. Cryo-electron microscopy and three-dimensional reconstruction of the calcium release channel/ryanodine receptor from skeletal muscle. J. Cell Biol. 127: 411-423, 1994.
263. RADERMACHER, M., T. WAGENKNECHT, R. GRASSUCCI, J. FRANK, M. INUI, C. CHADWICK, AND S. FLEISCHER. Cryo-EM of the native structure of the calcium release channel/ryanodine receptor from sarcoplasmic reticulum. Biophys. J. 61: 936-940, 1992.
264. 2+ release channel. Circ. Res. 67: 84-96, 1990.
265. RARDON, D. P., D. C. CEFALI, R. D. MITCHELL, S. M. SEILER, AND L. R. JONES. High molecular weight proteins purified from cardiac junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles are ryanodine-sensitive calcium channels. Circ. Res. 64: 779-789, 1989.
266. RIOS, E., AND G. BRUM. Involvement of dihydropyridine receptors in excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. Nature 325: 717-720, 1987.
267. RIOS, E., M. KARHANEK, J. MA, AND A. GONZALEZ. An allosteric model of the molecular interactions of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. J. Gen. Physiol. 102: 449-481, 1993.
268. RIOS, E., J. J. MA, AND A. GONZALEZ. The mechanical hypothesis of excitation-contraction (EC) coupling in skeletal muscle. J. Muscle Res. Cell. Motil. 12: 127-135, 1991.
269. RIOS, E., AND G. PIZARRO. Voltage sensor of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. Physiol. Rev. 71: 849-908, 1991.
270. 2+ release channel of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum by caffeine and related compounds. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 267: 75-86, 1988.
271. 2+-release channel: activation by caffeine. Am. J. Physiol. 256 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 25): H328-H333, 1989.
272. 2+ flux measurements of the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium channel. Biophys. J. 50: 1009-1014, 1986.
273. 2+ release channel. Am. J. Physiol. 253 (Cell Physiol. 22): C364-C368, 1987.
274. 2+ release channels from skeletal and cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. Cell Calcium 13: 635-647, 1992.
275. SCHNEIDER, M. F. Control of calcium release in functioning skeletal muscle fibers. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 56: 463-484, 1994.
276. SCHNEIDER, M. F., AND W. K. CHANDLER. Voltage dependent charge movement of skeletal muscle: a possible step in excitation-contraction coupling. Nature 242: 244-246, 1973.
277. 2+-activated protease. J. Biol. Chem. 259: 8550-8557, 1984.
278. 2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) has functional properties distinct from the mammalian channel proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 15893-15901, 1992.
279. SERYSHEVA, I. I., E. V. ORLOVA, W. CHIU, M. B. SHERMAN, S. L. HAMILTON, AND M. VAN HEEL. Electron cryomicroscopy and angular reconstitution used to visualize the skeletal muscle calcium release channel. Nature Struct. Biol. 2: 18-24, 1995.
280. 2+ sparks) originate at transverse tubules in rat heart cells. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 487: 601-608, 1995.
281. 2+ channels and ryanodine receptors in cardiac myocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 121-125, 1995.
282. 2+ release channel from skeletal muscle. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1237: 151-161, 1995.
283. SHOSHAN-BARMATZ, V., AND A. ZARKA. Trypsin destruction of the high affinity ryanodine binding sites of the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 16772-16779, 1988.
284. SHOSHAN-BARMATZ, V., AND A. ZARKA. A simple, fast, one-step method for the purification of the skeletal-muscle ryanodine receptor. Biochem. J. 285: 61-64, 1992.
285. SITSAPESAN, R., AND A. J. WILLIAMS. Mechanisms of caffeine activation of single calcium-release channels of sheep cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Physiol. Lond. 423: 425-439, 1990.
286. SMITH, J. S., R. CORONADO, AND G. MEISSNER. Sarcoplasmic reticulum contains adenine nucleotide-activated calcium channels. Nature 316: 446-449, 1985.
287. 2+. J. Gen. Physiol. 88: 573-588, 1986.
288. SMITH, J. S., T. IMAGAWA, J. MA, M. FILL, K. P. CAMPBELL, AND R. CORONADO. Purified ryanodine receptor from rabbit skeletal muscle is the calcium-release channel of sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Gen. Physiol. 92: 1-26, 1988.
289. 2+-release channels from cardiac and skeletal muscle. Circ. Res. 64: 352-359, 1989.
290. SOMLYO, A. P., AND A. V. SOMLYO. Flash photolysis studies of excitation-contraction coupling, regulation, and contraction in smooth muscle. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 52: 857-874, 1990.
291. SOMLYO, A. V., AND A. P. SOMLYO. Electromechanical and pharmacomechanical coupling in vascular smooth muscle. J. Pharmacol Exp. Ther. 159: 129-145, 1968.
292. SOMMER, J. R. Comparative anatomy: in praise of a powerful approach to elucidate mechanisms translating cardiac excitation into purposeful contraction. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol 27: 19-35, 1995.
293. SOMMER, J. R., E. BOSSEN, H. DALEN, P. DOLBER, T. HIGH, P. JEWETT, E. A. JOHNSON, J. JUNKER, S. LEONARD, AND R. NASSAR. To excite a heart: a bird's view. Acta Physiol. Scand. Suppl 599: 5-21, 1991.
294. SOMMER, J. R., AND E. A. JOHNSON. Cardiac muscle. A comparative ultrastructural study with special reference to frog and chicken hearts. Z. Zeuforsch. Mikrosk. Anat. 98: 437-468, 1969.
295. SORRENTINO, V. The ryanodine receptor family of intracellular calcium release channels. Adv. Pharmacol. 33: 67-90, 1995.
296. SORRENTINO, V. Ryanodine Receptors. New York: CRC, 1995.
297. SORRENTINO, V., AND P. VOLPE. Ryanodine receptors: how many, where and why? Trends Pharmacol Sci. 14: 98-103, 1993.
298. 2+-channels in skinned frog muscle fibers. Biophys. J. 54: 357-363, 1988.
299. STRAND, M. A., C. F. LOUIS, AND J. R. MICKELSON. Phosphorylation of the porcine skeletal and cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum ryanodine receptor. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1175: 319-326, 1993.
300. SUAREZ-ISLA, B. A., V. IRRIBARRA, A. OBERHAUSER, L. LARRALDE, R. BULL, C. HIDALGO, AND E. JAIMOVICH. Inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate activates a calcium channel in isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes. Biophys. J. 54: 737-741, 1988.
301. SUN, X. H., F. PROTASI, M. TAKAHASHI, H. TAKESHIMA, D. G. FERGUSON, AND C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG. Molecular architecture of membranes involved in excitation-contraction coupling of cardiac muscle. J. Cell Biol. 129: 659-671, 1995.
302. 2+ release channels: does diversity in form equal diversity in function? Annu. Rev. Phyisol. 76: 1027-1071, 1996.
303. SUTKO, J. L., J. A. AIREY, K. MURAKAMI, M. TAKEDA, C. BECK, T. DEERINCK, AND M. H. ELLISMAN. Foot protein isoforms are expressed at different times during embryonic chick skeletal muscle development. J. Cell Biol. 113: 793-803, 1991.
304. SUTKO, J. L., K. ITO, AND J. L. KENYON. Ryanodine: a modifier of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release in striated muscle. Federation Proc. 44: 2984-2988, 1985.
305. TAKEKURA, H., L. BENNETT, T. TANABE, K. G. BEAM, AND C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG. Restoration of junctional tetrads in dysgenic myotubes by dihydropyridine receptor cDNA. Biophys. J. 67: 793-803, 1994.
306. TAKEKURA, H., M. NISHI, T. NODA, H. TAKESHIMA, AND C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG. Abnormal junctions between surface membrane and sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle with a mutation targeted to the ryanodine receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 3381-3385, 1995.
307. TAKEKURA, H., X. SUN, AND C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG. Development of the excitation-contraction coupling apparatus in skeletal muscle: peripheral and internal calcium release units are formed sequentially. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 15: 102-118, 1994.
308. TAKEKURA, H., H. TAKESHIMA, S. NISHIMURA, M. TAKAHASHI, T. TANABE, V. FLOCKERZI, F. HOFMANN, AND C. FRANZINI-ARMSTRONG. Co-expression in CHO cells of two muscle proteins involved in excitation-contraction coupling. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil 16: 465-480, 1995.
309. TAKESHIMA, H., M. IINO, H. TAKEKURA, M. NISHI, J. KUNO, O. MINOWA, H. TAKANO, AND T. NODA. Excitation-contraction uncoupling and muscular degeneration in mice lacking functional skeletal muscle ryanodine-receptor gene. Nature 369: 556-559, 1994.
310. TAKESHIMA, H., M. NISHI, N. IWABE, T. MIYATA, T. HOSOYA, I. MASAI, AND Y. HOTTA. Isolation and characterization of a gene for a ryanodine receptor/calcium release channel in Drosophila melanogaster. FEES Lett. 337: 81-87, 1994.
311. TAKESHIMA, H., S. NISHIMURA, T. MATSUMOTO, H. ISHIDA, K. KANGAWA, N. MINAMINO, H. MATSUO, M. UEDA, M. HANAOKA, AND T. HIROSE. Primary structure and expression from complementary DNA of skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor. Nature 339: 439-445, 1989.
312. TAKESHIMA, H., S. NISHIMURA, M. NISHI, M. IKEDA, AND T. SUGIMOTO. A brain-specific transcript from the 3′-terminal region of the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor gene. FEBS Lett. 322: 105-110, 1993.
313. 2+ release in myocytes from dyspedic mice lacking the type-1 ryanodine receptor. EMBO J. 14: 2999-3006, 1995.
314. TANABE, T., B. A. ADAMS, S. NUMA, AND K. G. BEAM. Repeat I of the dihydropyridine receptor is critical in determining calcium channel activation kinetics. Nature 352: 800-803, 1991.
315. TANABE, T., K. G. BEAM, B. A. ADAMS, T. NIIDOME, AND S. NUMA. Regions of the skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor critical for excitation-contraction coupling. Nature 346: 567-569, 1990.
316. TANABE, T., K. G. BEAM, J. A. POWELL, AND S. NUMA. Restoration of excitation-contraction coupling and slow calcium current in dysgenic muscle by dihydropyridine receptor complementary DNA. Nature 336: 134-139, 1988.
317. TANABE, T., A. MIKAMI, S. NUMA, AND K. G. BEAM. Cardiac-type excitation-contraction coupling in dysgenic skeletal muscle injected with cardiac dihydropyridine receptor cDNA. Nature 344: 451-453, 1990.
318. TANABE, T., H. TAKESHIMA, A. MIKAMI, V. FLOCKERZI, H. TAKAHASHI, K. KANGAWA, M. KOJIMA, H. MATSUO, T. HIROSE, AND S. NUMA. Primary structure of the receptor for calcium channel blockers from skeletal muscle. Nature 328: 313-318, 1987.
319. TIMERMAN, A. P., T. JAYARAMAN, G. WIEDERRECHT, H. ONOUE, A. R. MARKS, AND S. FLEISCHER. The ryanodine receptor from canine heart sarcoplasmic reticulum is associated with a novel FK-506 binding protein. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 198: 701-706, 1994.
320. TIMERMAN, A. P., E. OGUNBUMNI, E. FREUND, G. WIEDERRECHT, A. R. MARKS, AND S. FLEISCHER. The calcium release channel of sarcoplasmic reticulum is modulated by FK-506-binding protein. Dissociation and reconstitution of FKBP-12 to the calcium release channel of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 22992-22999, 1993.
321. TIMERMAN, A. P., G. WIEDERRECHT, A. MARCY, AND S. FLEISCHER. Characterization of an exchange reaction between soluble FKBP-12 and the FKBP-ryanodine receptor complex. Modulation by FKBP mutants deficient in peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity. J. Biol. Chem. 270: 2451-2459, 1995.
322. TREVES, S., P. CHIOZZI, AND F. ZORZATO. Identification of the domain recognized by anti-(ryanodine receptor) antibodies which affect
323. 2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor). Biophys. J. 69: 106-119, 1995.
324. TUNWELL, E. A., C. WICKENDEN, B. M. A. BERTRAND, V. ISHEV-CHENKO, M. B. WALSH, P. D. ALLEN, AND A. LAI. Human cardiac muscle ryanodine receptor-claium release channel: purification, primary structure and topological analysis. Biochem. J. 318: 477-487, 1996.
325. 2+ channels do not overcome the E-C coupling defect in immortalized dysgenic muscle cells: evidence for a missing link. FEBS Lett. 368: 405-410, 1995.
326. VERGARA, J., R. Y. TSIEN, AND M. DELAY. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate: a possible chemical link in excitation-contraction coupling in muscle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82: 6352-6356, 1985.
327. VOLPE, P., G. SALVIATI, F. DI VIRGILIO, AND T. POZZAN. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate induces calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle. Nature 316: 347-349, 1985.
328. WAGENKNECHT, T., J. BERKOWITZ, R. GRASSUCCI, A. P. TIMERMAN, AND S. FLEISCHER. Localization of calmodulin binding sites on the ryanodine receptor from skeletal muscle by electron microscopy. Biophys. J. 67: 2286-2295, 1994.
329. WAGENKNECHT, T., R. GRASSUCCI, J. BERKOWITZ, G. J. WIEDERRECHT, H.-B. XIN, AND S. FLEISCHER. Cryoelectron microscopy resolves FK506-binding protein sites on the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor. Biophys. J. 70: 1709-1715, 1996.
330. WAGENKNECHT, T., R. GRASSUCCI, J. FRANK, A. SAITO, M. INUI, AND S. FLEISCHER. Three-dimensional architecture of the calcium channel/foot structure of sarcoplasmic reticulum. Nature 338: 167-170, 1989.
331. WAGENKNECHT, T., AND M. RADERMACHER. Three-dimensional architecture of the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor. FEBS Lett. 369: 43-46, 1995.
332. WALTON, P. D., J. A. AIREY, J. L. SUTKO, C. F. BECK, G. A. MIGNERY, T. C. SUDHOF, T. J. DEERINCK, AND M. H. ELLISMAN. Ryanodine and inositol trisphosphate receptors coexist in avian cere bellar Purkinje neurons. J. Cell Biol. 113: 1145-1157, 1991.
333. WANG, J., AND P. M. BEST. Inactivation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium channel by protein kinase. Nature 359: 739-741, 1992.
334. 2+ release channel. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 20974-20982, 1993.
335. 2+ release channel from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 8387-8393, 1996.
336. WEBER, A. The mechanism of the action of caffeine on sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Gen. Physiol. 52: 760-772, 1968.
337. WEBER, A., AND R. HERZ. The relationship between caffeine contracture of intact muscle and the effect of caffeine on reticulum J. Gen. Physiol. 52: 750-759, 1968.
338. 2+] in mammalian ventricle: dynamic control by cellular processes. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 52: 467-483 1990.
339. WIER, W. G. Intracellular calcium during excitation-contraction coupling in mammalian ventricle. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise 23, 1149-1156, 1991.
340. WITCHER, D. R., R. J. KOVACS, H. SCHULMAN, D. C. CEFALI, L. R. JONES. Unique phosphorylation site on the cardiac ryanodine receptor regulates calcium channel activity. J. Biol. Chem. 266: 11144-11152, 1991.
341. 2+ release channel with an azido derivative of ryanodine. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 13076-13079, 1994.
342. XIN, H. B., A. P. TIMERMAN, H. ONOUE, G. J. WIEDERRECHT, AND S. FLEISCHER. Affinity purification of the ryanodine receptor/ calcium release channel from fast twitch skeletal muscle based on its tight association with FKBP12. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 214: 263-270, 1995.
343. XU, L., A. H. COHN, AND G. MEISSNER, Ryanodine sensitive calcium release channel from left ventricle, septum, and atrium of canine heart. Cardiovasc. Res. 27: 1815-1819, 1993.
344. 2+ release channel in visceral smooth muscle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 3294-3298, 1994.
345. YANG, H. C., M. M. REEDY, C. L. BURKE, AND G. M. STRASBURG. Calmodulin interaction with the skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium channel protein. Biochemistry 33: 518-525, 1994.
346. YUAN, S. H., W. ARNOLD, AND A. O. JORGENSEN. Biogenesis of transverse tubules and triads: immunolocalization of the 1,4-dihydropyridine receptor, TS28, and the ryanodine receptor in rabbit skeletal muscle developing in situ. J. Cell Biol. 112: 289-301, 1991.
347. 2+ release channel in sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 21737-21747, 1989.
348. ZARKA, A., AND V. SHOSHAN-BARMATZ. Characterization and photoaffinity labeling of the ATP binding site of the ryanodine receptor from skeletal muscle. Eur. J. Biochem. 213: 147-154, 1993.
349. 2+ release channel from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Mol. Pharmacol. 42: 1049-1057, 1992.
350. 3H]ryanodine to rat brain microsomal membranes. Brain Res. 561: 181-191, 1991.
351. 2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 2244-2256, 1990.
352. 14C]doxorubicin. J. Biol. Chem. 261: 13252-13257, 1986.
353. ZORZATO, F., R. SACCHETTO, AND A. MARGRETH. Identification of two ryanodine receptor transcripts in neonatal, slow-, and fast-twitch rabbit skeletal muscles. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 203: 1725-1730, 1994.
354. ZORZATO, F., G. SALVIATI, T. FACCHINETTI, AND P. VOLPE. Doxorubicin induces calcium release from terminal cisternae of skeletal muscle. A study on isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum and chemically skinned fibers. J. Biol. Chem. 260: 7349-7355, 1985.