Ground-glass opacity at CT: The ABCs

American Journal of Roentgenology

Volumn 169, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 355-367

  Collins, Jannette ^a   Stern, Eric J ^b  

^a University of Wisconsin Health   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATTENUATION; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; IMAGE ANALYSIS; IMAGE QUALITY; LUNG; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 0030788896     PISSN: 0361803X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2214/ajr.169.2.9242736     Document Type: Review

References (85)

1. Austin JHM, Müller NL, Friedman PJ, et al. Glossary of terms for CT of the lungs: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee of the Fleischner Society. Radiology 1996;200:327-331
2. Klein JS, Gamsu G. High-resolution computed tomography of diffuse lung disease. Invest Radiol 1989;24:805-812
3. Remy-Jardin M, Remy J, Giraud F, Wattinne L, Gosselin B. Computed tomography assessment of ground-glass opacity: semiology and significance. J Thorac Imaging 1993;8:249-264
4. Engeler CE, Tashjian JH, Trenkner SW, Walsh JW. Ground-glass opacity of the lung parenchyma: a guide to analysis with high-resolution CT. AJR 1993;160:249-251
5. Webb WR, Müller NL, Naidich DP. High-resolution CT of the lung, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1996
6. Bessis L, Callard P, Gotheil C, Biaggi A, Grenier P. High-resolution CT of parenchymal lung disease: precise correlation with histologic findings. RadioGraphics 1992;12:45-58
7. Corcoran HL, Renner WR, Milstein MJ. Review of high-resolution CT of the lung. RadioGraphics 1992;12:917-939
8. Swensen SJ, Aughenbaugh GL, Douglas WW, Myers JL. High-resolution CT of the lungs: findings in various pulmonary diseases. AJR 1992;158:971-979
9. Müller NL, Miller RR. State of the art: computed tomography of chronic diffuse infiltrative lung disease, part 1. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990;142:1206-1215
10. Müller NL, Miller RR. State of the art: computed tomography of chronic diffuse infiltrative lung disease, part 2. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990;142:1440-1448
11. Aberle DR. HRCT in acute diffuse lung disease. J Thorac Imaging 1993;8:200-212
12. Stem EJ, Swensen SJ, Hartman TE, Frank MS. CT mosaic pattern of lung attenuation: distinguishing different causes. AJR 1995;165:813-816
13. Primack SL, Remy-Jardin M, Remy J, Müller NL. High-resolution CT of the lung: pitfalls in the diagnosis of infiltrative lung disease. AJR 1996;167:413-418
14. Zwirewich CV, Mayo JR, Müller NL. Low-dose high-resolution CT of lung parenchyma. Radiology 1991;180:413-417
15. Zerhouni EA, Naidich DP, Stitik FP, Khouri NF, Siegelman SS. Computed tomography of the pulmonary parenchyma. II. Interstitial disease. J Thorac Imaging 1985;1:54-64
16. Mayo JR, Webb WR, Could R, et al. High-resolution CT of the lungs: an optimal approach, Radiology 1987;163:507-510
17. Rosen SH, Castleman B, Liebow AA. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. N Engl J Med 1958;258:1123-1144
18. Nhieu JTV, Vojtek AM, Bemaudin JF, Escudier E, Fleury-Feith J. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis associated with Pneumocystis carinii: ultrastructural identification in bronchoalveolar lavage in AIDS and immunocompromised non-AIDS patients. Chest 1990;98:801-805
19. Godwin JD, Müller NL, Takasugi JE. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: CT findings. Radiology 1988;169:609-613
20. Murch CR, Carr DH. Computed tomography appearances of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Clin Radiol 1989;40:240-243
21. Barrett-Connor E. Pneumonia and pulmonary infection in sickle cell anemia. JAMA 1973;224:997-1000
22. Haupt HM, Moore W, Bauer TW, et al. The lung in sickle cell disease. Chest 1982;81:332-337
23. Bhalla M, Abboud MR, McLoud TC, et al. Acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease: CT evidence of microvascular occlusion. Radiology 1993;187:45-49
24. Loubeyre P, Revel D, Delignette A, Loire R, Mornex JF. High-resolution computed tomographic findings associated with histologically diagnosed acute lung rejection in heart-lung transplant recipients. Chest 1995;107:132-138
25. Hansell DM, Peters AM. Pulmonary vascular diseases and pulmonary edema. In: Armstrong P. Dee P, Hansell DM, Keats TE, Peters AM, Wilson AG, eds. Imaging of diseases of the chest, 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby. 1995:369-425
26. Tagliabue M, Casella TC, Zincone GE, Fumagalli R, Salvini E. CT and chest radiography in the evaluation of adult respiratory distress syndrome. Acta Radiol 1994;35:230-234
27. Owens CM, Evans TW, Keogh BF, Hansell DM. Computed tomography in established adult respiratory distress syndrome: correlation with lung injury score. Chest 1994;106:1815-1821
28. Albelda SM, Gefter WB, Epstein DM, Miller WT. Diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage: a review and classification. Radiology 1985;154:289-297
29. Cheah FK, Sheppard MN, Hansell DM. Computed tomography of diffuse pulmonary haemorrhage with pathological correlation. Clin Radiol 1993;48:89-93
30. Kuhlman JE, Fishman EK, Siegelman SS. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in acute leukemia: characteristic findings on CT, the CT halo sign, and the role of CT in early diagnosis. Radiology 1985;157:611-614
31. Primack SL, Hartman TE, Lee KS, Müller NL. Pulmonary nodules and the CT halo sign. Radiology 1994;190:513-515
32. Kazerooni EA, Cascade PN, Gross BH. Transplanted lungs: nodules following transbronchial biopsy. Radiology 1995;194:209-212
33. Epler GR, Colby TV. The spectrum of bronchiolitis obliterans. Chest 1983;83:161-162
34. Epler GR, Colby TV, McLoud TC, Carrington CB, Gaensler EA. Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. N Engl J Med 1985;312:152-158
35. Nishimura K, Itoh H. High-resolution computed tomographic features of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. Chest 1992;102:265-318
36. Logan PM, Miller RR, Müller NL. Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia in the immunocompromised patient: radiologic findings and follow-up in 12 patients. Can Assoc Radiol J 1995;46:272-279
37. Preidler KW, Szolar DM, Moelleken S, Tripp R, Schreyer H. Distribution pattern of computed tomography findings in patients with bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. Invest Radiol 1996;31:251-255
38. Bouchardy LM, Kuhlman JE, Ball WC. Hruban RH, Askin FB, Siegelman SS. CT findings in bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) with radiographic, clinical, and histologic correlation. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1993;17:352-357
39. Methods of clinical, laboratory, and functional investigation. In: Fraser RS, Pare JAP, Fraser RG, Pare PD, eds. Synopsis of diseases of the chest, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1994:141-164
40. Myers JL, Veal CFJ, Shin MS, Katzenstein A-LA. Respiratory bronchiolitis causing interstitial lung disease: a clinicopathologic study of six cases. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987;135:880-884
41. Yousem SA, Colby TV, Gaensler EA. Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease and its relationship to desquamative interstitial pneumonia. Mayo Clin Proc 1989;64:1373-1380
42. Myers J. Respiratory bronchiolitis with interstitial lung disease. Semin Respir Med 1992;13:134-139
43. Holt RM, Schmidt RA, Godwin JD, Raghu G. High-resolution CT in respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1993;17:46-50
44. Wallace MJ, Hannah J. Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis in patients with AIDS: findings in an autopsy series. Chest 1987;92:198-203
45. McKenzie R, Travis WD, Dolan SA, et al. The causes of death in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a clinical and pathologic study with emphasis on the role of pulmonary diseases. Medicine 1991;70:326-343
46. McGuinness G, Scholes JV, Garay SM, Leitman BS, McCauley DI, Naidich DP. Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis: spectrum of parenchymal CT findings with pathologic correlation in 21 AIDS patients. Radiology 1994;192:451-459
47. Aafedt BC, Halvorsen RA, Tylen U, Hertz M. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia: computed tomography findings. Can Assoc Radiol J 1990;41:276-280
48. Kang EY, Patz EF, Müller NL. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia in transplant patients: CT findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1996;20:295-299
49. Kuhlman JE, Kavuru M, Fishman EK, Siegelman SS. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: spectrum of parenchymal CT findings. Radiology 1990;175:711-714
50. Sider L, Gabriel H, Curry DR, Pham MS. Pattern recognition of the pulmonary manifestations of AIDS on CT scans. RadioGraphics 1993;13:771-784
51. Bergin CJ, Wirth RL, Berry GJ, Castellino RA. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: CT and HRCT observations. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1990;14:756-759
52. Jang HJ, Lee KS, Kwon OJ, Rhee CH, Shim YM, Han J. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: focal area of ground-glass attenuation at thin-section CT as an early sign. Radiology 1996;199:485-488
53. Gaeta M, Volta S, Scribano E, Loria G, Vallone A. Pandolfo I. Air-space pattern in lung metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the GI tract. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1996;20:300-304
54. Miller RR. Bronchioloalveolar cell adenomas. Am J Surg Pathol 1990;14:904-912
55. Kushihashi T, Munechika H, Ri K, et al. Bronchioloalveolar adenoma of the lung: CT-pathologic correlation. Radiology 1994;193:789-793
56. Carignan S, Staples CA, Müller NL. Intrathoracic lymphoproliferative disorders in the immunocompromised patient: CT findings. Radiology 1995;197:53-58
57. McGuinness G, Scholes JV, Jagirdar JS, et al. Unusual lymphoproliferative disorders in nine adults with HIV or AIDS: CT and pathologic findings. Radiology 1995;197:59-65
58. Johkoh T, Ikezoe J, Kohno N, et al. High-resolution CT and pulmonary function tests in collagen vascular disease: comparison with idiopathic pulmonary nbrosis. Eur J Radiol 1994;18:113-121
59. Remy-Jardin M, Remy J, Cortet B, Mauri F, Delcambre B. Lung changes in rheumatoid arthritis: CT findings. Radiology 1994;193:375-382
60. Wagner RB, Crawford WO, Schimpf PP. Classification of parenchymal injuries of the lung. Radiology 1988;167:77-82
61. Schnyder P, Gamsu G, Essinger A, Duvoisin B. Trauma. In: Moss AA, Gamsu G, Genant HK, eds. Computed tomography of the body. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1992:311-323
62. Schild HH, Strunk H, Weber W. Pulmonary contusion: CT vs plain radiograms. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1989;13:417-420
63. Aronchick JM, Gefter WB. Drug-induced pulmonary disorders. Semin Roentgenol 1995;30:18-34
64. Bellamy EA, Husband JE, Blaquiere RM, Law MR. Bleomycin-related lung damage: CT evidence. Radiology 1985;156:155-158
65. Patz EF, Peters WP, Goodman PC. Pulmonary drug toxicity following high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation: CT findings in 20 cases. J Thorac Imaging 1994;9:129-134
66. Liebow AA, Steer A, Billingsley JG. Desquamative interstitial pneumonia. Am J Med 1965;38:369-404
67. Hartman TE, Primack SL, Swensen SJ, Hansell D, McGuinness G, Müller NL. Desquamative interstitial pneumonia: thin-section CT findings in 22 patients. Radiology 1993;187:787-790
68. Primack SL, Hartman TE, Ikezoe J, Akira M, Sakatani M, Müller NL. Acute interstitial pneumonia: radiographic and CT findings in nine patients. Radiology 1993;188:817-820
69. Park JS, Lee KS, Kim JS, et al. Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia with fibrosis: radiographic and CT findings in seven patients. Radiology 1995;195:645-648
70. Wilson AG. Immunologic diseases of the lungs. In: Armstrong P, Wilson AG, Dee P, Hansell DM, eds. Imaging of diseases of the chest. St. Louis: Mosby, 1995:485-567
71. Hansell DM, Wells AU, Padley SPG, Müller NL. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: correlation of individual CT patterns with functional abnormalities. Radiology 1996;199:123-128
72. Lynch DA, Newell JD, Logan PM, King TE Jr, Müller NL, Can CT distinguish hypersensitivity pneumonitis from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? AJR 1995; 165:807-811
73. Akira M, Kita N, Higashihara T, Sakatani M, Kozuka T. Summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis: comparison of high-resolution CT and plain radiographic findings. AJR 1992;158:1223-1228
74. Hayakawa H, Sato A, Toyoshima M, Imokawa S, Taniguchi M. A clinical study of idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonia. Chest 1994;105:1462-1466
75. Tsunemi K, Kanayama I, Kondo T, Tanigaki T, Ohta Y, Yanagimachi N. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia evaluated with high-resolution computed tomography. Intern Med 1993;32:891-894
76. Ebara H, Ikezoe J, Johkoh T, et al. Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: evolution of chest radiograms and CT features. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1994;18:737-744
77. Yoshida K, Shijubo N, Koba H, et al. Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia progressing to lung fibrosis. Eur Respir J 1994;7:1541-1544
78. Storto ML, Kee ST, Golden JA, Webb WR. Hydrostatic pulmonary edema: high-resolution CT findings. AJR 1995;165:817-820
79. Lee JS, Im JG, Ahn JM, Kim YM, Han MC. Fibrosing alveolitis: prognostic implication of ground-glass attenuation at high-resolution CT. Radiology 1992;184:451-454
80. Remy-Jardin M, Giraud F, Remy J, Copin MC, Gosselin B, Duhamel A. Importance of groundglass attenuation in chronic diffuse infiltrative lung disease: pathologic-CT correlation. Radiology 1993;189:693-698
81. Wells AU, Rubens MB, du Bois RM, Hansell DM. Serial CT in fibrosing alveolitis: prognostic significance of the initial pattern. AJR 1993;161:1159-1165
82. Hartman TE, Primack SL, Kang EU, et al. Disease progression in usual interstitial pneumonia compared with desquamative interstitial pneumonia: assessment with serial CT. Chest 1996;110:378-382
83. Nishimura K, Itoh H, Kitaichi M, Nagai S, Izumi T. Pulmonary sarcoidosis: correlation of CT and histopathologic findings. Radiology 1993;189:105-109
84. Remy-Jardin M, Giraud F, Remy J, Wattinne L, Wallaert B, Duhamel A. Pulmonary sarcoidosis: role of CT in the evaluation of disease activity and functional impairment and in prognosis assessment. Radiology 1994;191:675-680
85. Padley SPG, Adler BD, Staples CA, Miller RR, Müller NL. Pulmonary talcosis: CT findings in three cases. Radiology 1993;186:125-127