Early detection of Alzheimer disease: Methods, markers, and misgivings

Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders

Volumn 11, Issue SUPPL. 5, 1997, Pages

  Green, R C ^a   Clarke, V C ^b   Thompson, N J ^b   Woodard, J L ^a   Letz, R ^b  

^a GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b EMORY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Alzheimer disease; Early detection; Neuropsychological screening; Predictive testing

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ATTITUDE; CONFERENCE PAPER; DISEASE MARKER; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; ETHNOLOGY; FEMALE; GENDER; HUMAN; INCOME; MALE; NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION; NORMAL HUMAN; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCREENING;

ADULT; AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; BRAIN; DIAGNOSIS, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE SURVEYS; HUMANS; MALE; MASS SCREENING; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PILOT PROJECTS; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS;

EID: 0030782563     PISSN: 08930341     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (51)

1. Alom, J, Mahy JN, Brandi N, Tolosa E. Cerebrospinal fluid taurine in Alzheimer disease. Ann Neurol 1991;30:735.
2. Appleyard ME, McDonald B. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities in cerebrospinal fluid from different levels of the neuraxis of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1992;55:1074-8.
3. Azari NP, Pettigrew KD, Schapiro MB, et al. Early detection of Alzheimer disease: a statistical approach using positron emission to-mographic data. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1993;13:438-47.
4. Baker EL, Letz R, Fidler A. A computer-administered neurobehavioral evaluation system for occupational and environmental epidemiology. Rationale, methodology, and pilot study results. J Occup Med 1985;27:206-12.
5. Bissette G, Smith WH, Dole KC, et al. Alterations in Alzheimer disease-associated protein in Alzheimer disease frontal and temporal cortex. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991;48:1009-12.
6. Blass JP, Gibson GE. Nonneural markers in Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 1993;6:205-24.
7. Blennow K, Wallin A, Ekman R. Neuron specific enolase in cerebrospinal fluid: a biochemical marker for neuronal degeneration in dementia disorders? J Neural Transrn Park Dis Dement Sect 1994; 8:183-91.
8. Blennow K, Wallin A, Gottfries CG, et al. Significance of decreased lumbar CSF levels of HVA and 5-HIAA in Alzheimer disease. Neurubiol Aging 1991;13:107-13.
9. Corey-Bloom J, Thal LJ, Galasko D, et al. Diagnosis and evaluation of dementia. Neurology 1995;45:211-8.
10. de la Monte SM, Volicer L, Hauser SL, Wands JR. Increased levels of neuronal thread protein in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer disease. Ann Neurol 1992;32:733-42.
11. Elble R, Giacobini E, Higgins C. Choline levels are increased in cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer patients. Neurobiol Aging 1989;10: 45-50.
12. Farrer LA. Genetics and the dementia patient. Neurologist 1997;3:1-30.
13. Farrer LA, Brin MF, Elsas L, et al. Statement on use of apolipoprotein E testing for Alzheimer disease. JAMA 1995;274:1627-9.
14. Fishman RA. Cerebrospinal fluid in diseases of the nervous system. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1992.
15. Flicker C, Ferris SH, Reisberg B. Mild cognitive impairment in the elderly: predictors of dementia. Neurology 1991;41:1006-9.
16. Foster NL. PET imaging. In: Terry RD, Katzman R, Bick KL, eds. Alzheimer disease. New York: Raven Press, 1994:87-103.
17. Galasko D, Brown J, Clark C, et al. Assessment of cerebrospinal fluid levels of tau protein in mildly demented patients with Alzheimer disease. Neurology 1997;3:632-5.
18. Green RC, Woodard JL, Green J. Validity of the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale for the detection of cognitive impairment in the elderly. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1995;7:357-60.
19. Jacobs DM, Sano M, Dooneief G, Marder K, Bell KL, Stern Y. Neuropsychological detection and characterization of preclinical Alzheimer disease. Neurology 1995;45:957-62.
20. Khachaturian Z. Editorial: The five-five, ten-ten plan for Alzheimer disease. Neurobiol Aging 1992;13:197-8.
21. Kudo T, Iqbal K, Ravid R, Swaab DF, Grundke-Iqbal I. Alzheimer disease: correlation of cerebro-spinal fluid and brain ubiquitin levels. Brain Res 1994;639:1-7.
22. Kumar V, Giacobini E, Markwell S. CSF choline and acetylcholinesterase in early-onset vs. late-onset Alzheimer disease patients. Acta Neurol Scand 1989;80:461-6.
23. Letz R. The Neurobehavioral Evaluation System (NES): an international effort. In: Johnson BL, Anger WK, Durao A, Xintaras C, eds. Advances in neurobehavioral toxicology: applications in environmental and occupational health. Chelsea, MI: Lewis Publishers, 1990:189-201.
24. Letz RL, Green RC, Woodard JL. Development of a computer-based battery designed to screen adults for neuropsychological impairment. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1996;18:365-70.
25. Linn RT, Wolf PA, Bachman DL, et al. The 'preclinical phase' of probable Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 1995;52:485-90.
26. Loupe DN, Newman NJ, Green RC, et al. Pupillary response to tropicamide in patients with Alzheimer disease. Ophthalmology 1996; 103:495-503.
27. Masur DM, Sliwinski M, Lipton RB, Blau AD, Crystal HA. Neuropsychological prediction of dementia and the absence of dementia in healthy elderly persons. Neurology 1994;44:1427-32.
28. McRae A, Dahlström A, Polinsky R, Ling EA. Cerebrospinal fluid microglial antibodies: potential diagnostic markers for immune mechanisms in Alzheimer disease. Behav Brain Res 1993;57:225-34.
29. Miller BL, Cummings JL, Villanueva-Meyer J, et al. Frontal lobe degeneration: clinical, neuropsychological, and SPECT characteristics. Neurology 1991;41:1374-82.
30. 42 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer disease. Ann Neurol 1995;38:643-8.
31. Nakamura T, Shoji M, Harigaya Y, et al. Amyloid β protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid are elevated in early-onset Alzheimer disease. Ann Neurol 1994;36:903-11.
32. Osimani A, Ichise M, Chung D-G, Pogue JM, Freedman M. SPECT for differential diagnosis of dementia and correlation of rCBF with cognitive impairment. Can J Neurol Sci 1994;21:104-11.
33. Palmert MR, Usiak M, Mayeux R, Raskind M, Tourtellotte WW, Younkin SG. Soluble derivatives of the beta-amyloid protein precursor in cerebrospinal fluid: alterations in normal aging and in Alzheimer disease. Neurology 1990;40:1028-34.
34. Pietrini P, Azari NP, Grady CL, et al. Pattern of cerebral metabolic interactions in a subject with isolated amnesia at risk for Alzheimer disease: a longitudinal evaluation. Dementia 1993;4:94-101.
35. Pomara N, Singh R, Deptula D, Chou JC-Y, Schwartz MB, LeWitt PA. Glutamate and other CSF amino acids in Alzheimer disease. Am J Psychiatry 1992;149:251-4.
36. Raskind MA, Peskind ER, Halter JB, Jimerson DC. Norepinephrine and MHPG levels in CSF and plasma in Alzheimer disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;41:343-6.
37. Reiman EM, Caselli RJ, Yun LS, et al. Preclinical evidence of Alzheimer disease in persons homozygous for the epsilon 4 allele for apolipoprotein E. N Engl J Med 1996;334:792-4.
38. Rubin EH, Morris JC, Grant EA, Vendegna T. Very mild senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. I. Clinical assessment. Arch Neurol 1989;46:379-82.
39. Salmon E, Sadzot B, Maquet P, et al. Differential diagnosis of Alzheimer disease with PET. J Nucl Med 1994;35:391-8.
40. Scinto LFM, Daffner KR, Dressier D, et al. A potential noninvasive neurobiological test for Alzheimer disease. Science 1994;266: 1051-4.
41. Small GW, Greenberg DA. Biologic markers, genetics, and Alzheimer disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988;45:945-7.
42. Small GW, Mazziotta JC, Collins MT, et al. Apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and cerebral glucose metabolism in relatives at risk for familial Alzheimer disease. JAMA 1995;273:942-7.
43. Tune L, Gucker S, Folstein M, Oshida L, Coyle JT. Cerebrospinal fluid acetylcholinesterase activity in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. Ann Neurol 1985;17:46-8.
44. Tyrrell PJ. Clinical and positron emission tomographic studies in the 'extrapyramidal syndrome' of dementia of the Alzheimer type. Arch Neurol 1990;47:1318-23.
45. Vandermeeren M, Mercken M, Vanmechelen E, et al. Detection of tau proteins in normal and Alzheimer disease cerebrospinal fluid with a sensitive sandwich ELISA. J Neurochem 1993;61:1828-34.
46. Van Nostrand WE, Wagner SL, Shankle RW, et al. Decreased levels of soluble amyloid β-protein precursor in CSF of live Alzheimer disease patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1992;89:2551-5.
47. Volicer L, Langlais PJ, Matson WR, Mark KA, Gamache PH. Serotonin system in dementia of the Alzheimer type: abnormal forms of 5-hydroxytryptophan and serotonin in cerebrospinal fluid. Arch Neurol 1985;42:1158-61.
48. Weiner MF, Wighton-Benn WH, Risser R, et al. Xenon-133 SPECT-determined regional cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer disease: what is typical? J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1993;5:415-8.
49. Wen GY, Wisniewski HM, Blondal H, et al. Presence of non-fibrillar amyloid β protein in skin biopsies of Alzheimer disease (AD), Down's syndrome and non-AD normal persons. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1994;88:201-6.
50. Wilder-Smith E, McConnell H, Wilder-Smith A. CSF in neurological illness. In: McConnell H, Biancine J, eds. Cerebrospinal fluid in neurology and psychiatry. London: Chapman & Hall Medical, 1994:127-9.
51. Wolfe N, Reed BR, Eberling JL, Jagust WJ. Temporal lobe perfusion on single photon emission computed tomography predicts the rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 1995;52: 257-62.