Mortality in current and former users of clozapine

Epidemiology

Volumn 8, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 671-677

  Walker, Alexander M ^a,b,e   Lee Lanza, L ^a   Arellano, Felix ^c,d   Rothman, Kenneth ^a,b  

^a Epidemiology Resources Inc   (United States)

^b HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c Sandoz Pharma Ltd   (Switzerland)

^d BOSTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e ASTRAZENECA   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Clozapine; Mortality; National Death Index; Postmarketing drug surveillance; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

CLOZAPINE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGRANULOCYTOSIS; ARTICLE; CAUSE OF DEATH; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEATH CERTIFICATE; DRUG INDICATION; DRUG SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM; EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYMPTOM; FEMALE; HUMAN; LUNG EMBOLISM; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASE; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SUICIDE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CAUSE OF DEATH; CHILD; CLOZAPINE; COHORT STUDIES; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DATABASES, FACTUAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; ODDS RATIO; PRODUCT SURVEILLANCE, POSTMARKETING; REGISTRIES; RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SUICIDE; TIME FACTORS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0030778896     PISSN: 10443983     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00001648-199710000-00010     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Mader S. Defining and characterizing treatment resistant schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 1995;10(suppl l):7s-10s.
2. Lieberman JA, Safferman AZ. Clinical profile of clozapine: adverse reactions and agranulocytosis. Psychiatr Q 1992;63:51-70.
3. Physicians Desk Reference- 49th ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Data Production Co., 1995;2150.
4. Alvir JM, Lieberman JA, Safferman AZ, Schwimmer JL, Schaaf JA. Cloza-pine-induced agranulocytosis. N Engl J Med 1993:329:162-167.
5. Salzman C. Mandatory monitoring for side effects: the "bundling" of clozapine. N Engl J Med 1990:323:827-829.
6. Clardy J, Gale RH. Mortality risk and clozapine. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152: 651.
7. Vesterby JH, Pedersen JH, Kaempe B, Thomsen NJ. Sudden death during clozapine. Ugeskr Laeger 1980:142:170-171.
8. International Classification of Diseases. 9th revision. Salt Lake City, UT: Medicode, 1994.
9. Mortality and Population Data System. Pittsburgh: Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 1989.
10. Jansen EN. Clozapine in the treatment of tremor in Parkinson's disease. Acta Neurol Scand 1994:89:262-265.
11. Factor SA, Molho ES, Podskalny GD, Brown D. Parkinson's disease: druginduced psychiatric states (Review). Adv Neurol 1995:65:115-138.
12. Allebeck P, Wistedt B. Mortality in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986:43:650-653.
13. Newman SC, Bland RC. Mortality in a cohort of patients with schizophrenia: a record linkage study. Can J Psychiatry 1991;36:239-245.
14. Black DW, Fisher R. Mortality in DSM-IIIR schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 1992:7:109-116.
15. Mortensen PB, Juel K. Mortality and causes of death in schizophrenic patients in Denmark. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1990:91:372-377.
16. Roy A. Suicide in chronic schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 1982;141:171-177.
17. Taiminen TJ. Effect of psychopharmacotherapy on suicide risk in psychiatric inpatients. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1991:87:45-47.
18. Modestin J, Schwarzenbach F. Effect of psychopharmacotherapy on suicide risk in discharged psychiatric inpatients. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1992;85:173-175.
19. Hogan TP, Awad AG. Pharmacotherapy and suicide risk in schizophrenia. Can] Psychiatry 1983:28:277-281.
20. Buda M, Tsuang MT, Fleming JA. Causes of death in DSM-1II schizophrenics and other psychotics (atypical group). Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988;45: 283-285.
21. Herrman HE, Baldwin JA, Christie D. A record-linkage study of mortality and general hospital discharge in patients diagnosed as schizophrenic. Psychol Med 1983:13:581-593.
22. Tsuang MT, Woolson RF, Fleming JA. Causes of death in schizophrenia and manic-depression. Br J Psychiatry 1980:136:239-242.
23. Allebeck P. Schizophrenia: a life-shortening disease. Schizophr Bull 1989; 15:81-89.
24. Meltzer HY, Okayli G. Reduction of suiciJality during clo:apine treatment of neuroleptic-resistant schizophrenia: impact on risk-benefit assessment. Am] Psychiatry 1995:152:183-190.
25. Kerwin RW. Clozapine: back to the future for schizophrenia research. Lancet 1995;345:1063-1064.
26. Parsa M, Ramïre: LF, Loula EC, Meiner HY. Effect of clozapine on psychotic depression and parkinsonism. ] Clin Pharmacol 1991:11:330-331.
27. Caldxvell CG, Gottesman 1J. Schizophrenics kill themselves too: a review of risk factors for suicide. Schizophr Bull 1990:16:173-191.
28. Pokomy A. Prediction of suicide in psychiatric patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1983:40:249-257.
29. Evenson RC, Wood JB, Nuttall EA, Cho DW. Suicide rates among public mental health patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1982;66:254-264.
30. Wilkinson DG. The suicide rate in schizophrenia. Br] Psychiatry 1982:140: 138-141.