Geographic variation in serious nonfatal firearm injuries in Pennsylvania

Journal of Trauma - Injury, Infection and Critical Care

Volumn 43, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 825-830

  Sing, Ronald F ^a   Branas, Charles C ^b   MacKenzie, Ellen J ^b   Schwab, C William ^c  

^a CAROLINAS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c HOSPITAL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Assault; Firearm; Handgun; Rifle; Shotgun; Unintentional injury

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; GUNSHOT INJURY; HOME ACCIDENT; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK; RURAL AREA; UNITED STATES; URBAN AREA;

EID: 0030773782     PISSN: 00225282     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00005373-199711000-00015     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Baker SP, O'Weill B, Ginsburg MJ, Li G. The Injury Fact Book. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press; 1992: 149-159.
2. Annest JL, Mercy JA, Gibson DR, Ryan GW. National estimates of nonfatal firearm injuries. JAMA. 1995;273:1749.
3. Forrester CB, Mcminn DL. Anatomy of a state wide trauma registry. Top Health Rec Manage. 1990;11:34.
4. Gillott AR, Thomas JM, Forrester C. Development of a statewide trauma registry. J Trauma. 1989;29:1667.
5. Special Report on State Trauma Data. Rockville, Md: Department of Health, and Human Services, Health Resources, and Services Administration, Division of Trauma, and Emergency Medical Systems; March 1993.
6. Guyer B, Berenholz G, Gallagher SS. Injury surveillance using hospital discharge abstracts coded by external cause of injury (E code). J Trauma. 1990;30:470.
7. McLoughlin E, Fingerhut L, Weiss H, Annest L. A Proposed Mechanism/Intent Matrix for Presenting E-Coded Data. San Francisco, Calif: The Bay Area Injury Data Group; June 13, 1995.
8. Berenholz G, Gallagher SS, Weiss H. E codes and injury surveillance: part 2. Ann Emerg Med. 1993;22:148.
9. Fleiss JL. Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons; 1981:19-32.
10. Rice JA. Mathematical Statistics and Data Analysis. 1st ed. Belmont, CA: Duxbury Press; 1988:122-128.
11. Emergency department surveillance for weapon-related injuries: Massachusetts, November 1993-April 1994. MMWR. 1995;44:160.
12. Zavoski RW, Lapidus GD, Lerer TJ, Banco LI. A population-based study of severe firearm injuries among children and youth. Pediatrics. 1995;96:278.
13. McGonigal MD, Cole J, Schwab CW, Kauder DR, Rotondo MF, Angood PB. Urban firearm deaths: a five-year perspective. J Trauma. 1993;35:532.
14. Hutson HR, Anglin D, Kyriacou DN, Hart J, Spears K. The epidemic of gang-related homicides in Los Angeles County from 1979 through 1994. JAMA. 1995;274:1031.
15. Ordog GJ, Shoemaker W, Wasserberger J, Bishop M. Gunshot wounds seen at a county hospital before and after a riot and gang truce: part two. J Trauma. 1995;38:417.
16. Harries K, Powell A. Juvenile gun crime and social stress: Baltimore, 1980-1990. Urban Geography. 1994;15:45.
17. Centerwall BS. Race, socioeconomic status and domestic homicide. JAMA. 1995;273:1755.
18. Cook PJ. Notes on the availability and prevalence of firearms. Am J Prev Med. 1993;9(suppl 1):33.
19. Webster DW, Champion HR, Gainer PS, Sykes L. Epidemiologic changes in gunshot wounds in Washington, DC, 1983-1990. Arch Surg. 1992;127:694.
20. Kellerman AL, Rivara FP, Rushforth NB, et al. Gun ownership as a risk factor for homicide in the home. N Engl J Med 1993;329:1084.
21. Tardiff K, Marzuk PM, Leon AC, et al. A profile of homicide on the streets and in the homes of New York City. Public Health Rep. 1995;110:13.
22. Hargarten SW, Karlson TA, O'Brien M, Hancock J, Quebbeman E. Characteristics of firearms involved in fatalities. JAMA. 1996;275:42.
23. Crime in the United States: Uniform Crime Reports, 1990. Report No. 1991-282-076/45217. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office; 1991.
24. Wintemute GJ. Homicide, handguns, and the crime gun hypothesis: firearms used in fatal shootings of law enforcement officers, 1980 to 1989. Am J Public Health. 1994;84:561.
25. McDowell D, Loftin C, Wiersema B. Easing concealed firearms laws: effects on homicide in three states. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology. 1995;86:22.
26. Davis R. Tide of guns difficult to stem. USA Today. December 29, 1993:5A.
27. A Summary and Explanation of the Pennsylvania Uniform Firearms Act. Harrisburg, Pa: Pennsylvania State Police Bureau of Records, Information Services, and Bureau of Research and Development; 1996.
28. Weigelt JA, Haley RW, Seibert B. Factors which influence the risk of wound infection in trauma patients. J Trauma. 1987;27:774.
29. Cairns BA, Oiler DW, Meyer AA, Napolitano LM, Rutledge R, Baker CC. Management and outcome of abdominal shotgun wounds. Ann Surg. 1995;231:272.
30. Hoekstra SM, Bender JS, Levison MA. The management of large soft-tissue defects following close-range shotgun injury. J Trauma. 1990;130:1489.
31. Grimes WR, Deitch EA, McDonald JC. A clinical review of shotgun wounds to the chest and abdomen. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1985;160:148.
32. Ordog GJ, Wasserberger J, Ackroyd G. Hospital costs of firearm injuries. J Trauma. 1995;38:291.
33. Pollack DA, McClain PW. Trauma registries: current status and future prospects. JAMA. 1989;262:2280.
34. Payne SR, Waller JA. Trauma registry and trauma center biases in injury research. J Trauma. 1989;29:424.
35. Dugas R, D'Ambrosia R. Civilian gunshot wounds. Orthopedics. 1985;8:1121.
36. Ozonoff V, Barber C. Weapon Injury Update: News from the Weapon-Related Injury Surveillance System. Boston, Mass: Massachusetts Department of Public Health; August 1995.
37. Fackler ML, Malinoski JA, Hoxie SW, Jason A. Wounding effects of the AK-47 rifle used by Patrick Purdy in the Stockton, California, schoolyard shooting of January 17, 1989. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1990;11:185.
38. Walker ML, Poindexter JM, Stovall I. Principles of management of shotgun wounds. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1990;170:97.
39. Ordog GJ, Wasserberger J, Balasubramaniam S. Shotgun wound ballistics. J Trauma. 1988;28:624.
40. Swan KG, Swan RC. Principles of ballistics applicable to the treatment of gunshot wounds. Surg Clin North Am 1991; 71:221.
41. Barach E, Tomlanovich M, Nowak R. Ballistics: a pathophysiologic examination of the wounding mechanisms of firearms: part II. J Trauma. 1986;26:374.
42. Eshleman RE. A move to end city gun limits. The Philadelphia Inquirer. March 2, 1995:B4.
43. Teret SP. The firearm injury reporting system revisited. JAMA. 1996;275:70.