Identification and transcriptional analysis of a Treponema pallidum operon encoding a putative ABC transport system, an iron-activated repressor protein homolog, and a glycolytic pathway enzyme homolog

Gene

Volumn 197, Issue 1-2, 1997, Pages 47-64

  Hardham, John M ^a   Stamm, Lola V ^b   Porcella, Stephen F ^c,d   Frye, Jonathan G ^b,e   Barnes, Natalie Y ^b   Howell, Jerrilyn K ^a   Mueller, Stacey L ^a   Radolf, Justin D ^c   Weinstock, George M ^a   Norris, Steven J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b IL   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS   (United States)

^d NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Glycolysis; Import; Iron; Syphilis

Indexed keywords

ABC TRANSPORTER; CARRIER PROTEIN; GENE PRODUCT; HELICASE; IRON; LIPOPROTEIN; MEMBRANE PROTEIN; MESSENGER RNA; PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE; PURINE NUCLEOSIDE PHOSPHORYLASE; REPRESSOR PROTEIN; SIGMA FACTOR;

ARTICLE; CYTOPLASM; GENE; GENE FUNCTION; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIUM; HOLLIDAY JUNCTION; NONHUMAN; NORTHERN BLOTTING; OPEN READING FRAME; OPERON; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; STREPTOCOCCUS; TREPONEMA PALLIDUM;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS; BASE SEQUENCE; CLONING, MOLECULAR; GENES, BACTERIAL; IRON; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; OPEN READING FRAMES; OPERON; PERIPLASMIC BINDING PROTEINS; PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE; PROMOTER REGIONS (GENETICS); REPRESSOR PROTEINS; RESTRICTION MAPPING; RNA, BACTERIAL; RNA, MESSENGER; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY, AMINO ACID; TREPONEMA PALLIDUM;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); NEGIBACTERIA; POSIBACTERIA; STREPTOCOCCUS; TREPONEMA; TREPONEMA PALLIDUM; TREPONEMA PALLIDUM SUBSP. PALLIDUM;

EID: 0030766168     PISSN: 03781119     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00234-5     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Akins, D.R., Robinson, E., Shevchenko, D., Elkins, C., Cox, D.L., Radolf, J.D., 1997. Tromp1, a putative rare outer membrane protein, is anchored by an uncleaved signal sequence to the Treponema pallidum cytoplasmic membrane. J. Bacteriol., in press.
2. Altschul, S.F., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E.W., Lipman, D.J., 1990. Basic local alignment search tool. J. Mol. Biol. 215, 403-410.
3. Ames, G.F., 1986. Bacterial periplasmic transport systems: structure, mechanism, and evolution. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 55, 397-425.
4. Ames, G.F., 1992. Bacterial periplasmic permeases as model systems for the superfamily of traffic ATPases, including the multidrug resistance protein and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. Int. Rev. Cytol. 137A, 1-35.
5. Bartsevich, V.V., Pakrasi, H., 1995. Molecular identification of an ABC transporter complex for manganese: analysis of a cyano-bacterial mutant strain impaired in the photosynthetic oxygen evolution process. EMBO J. 14, 1845-1853.
6. Baseman, J.B., Nichols, J.C., Mogerly, S., 1979. Capacity of virulent Treponema pallidum (Nichols) for deoxyribonucleotide synthesis. Infect. Immun. 23, 392-397.
7. Blanco, D.R., Champion, C.I., Exner, M.M., Erdjument-Bromage, H., Hancock, R.E., Tempst, P., Miller, J.N., Lovett, M.A., 1995. Porin activity and sequence analysis of a 31-kilodalton Treponema pallidum sabsp. pallidum rare outer membrane protein (Trompl). J. Bacteriol. 177, 3556-3562.
8. Boos, W., Lucht, J.M., 1996. Periplasmic binding protein-dependent ABC transporters. In: Neidhardt, F.C. (Ed.), Escherichia coli and Salmonella: Cellular and molecular biology. American Society of Microbiology Press, Washington, DC, pp. 1175-1209.
9. Boyd, J.M., Hall, K.C., Murphy, J.R., 1992. DNA sequences and characterization of dtxR alleles from Corynebacterium diphtheriae PW8(-), 1030(-), and C7hm(-). J. Bacteriol. 174, 1268-1272.
10. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Summary of Notifiable Diseases, United States, 1994. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 43, 3.
11. Dassa, E., Hofnung, M., 1985. Sequence of gene malG in E. coli K12: homologies between integral membrane components from binding protein-dependent transport systems. EMBO J. 4, 2287-2293.
12. Date, T., Tanihara, K., Numura, N., 1990. Construction of Escherichia coli vectors for expression and mutagenesis: synthesis of human c-Myc protein that is initiated at a non-AUG codon in exon 1. Gene 90, 141-144.
13. Ding, X., Zeng, H., Schiering, N., Ringe, D., Murphy, J.R., 1996. Identification of the primary metal ion-activation sites of the diphtheria tox repressor by X-ray crystallography and site-directed mutational analysis. Nature Struct. Biol. 3, 382-387.
14. Doige, C.A., Ames, G.F., 1993. ATP-dependent transport systems in bacteria and humans: relevance to cystic fibrosis and multidrug resistance. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 47, 291-319.
15. Ealick, S.E., Rule, S.A., Carter, D.C., Greenhough, T.J., Babu, Y.S., Cook, W.J., Habash, J., Helliwell, J.R., Stoeckler, J.D., Parks, R.E., Chen, S.-F., Bugg, C.E., 1990. Three-dimensional structure of human erythrocytic purine nucleoside phosphorylase at 3.2 A resolution. J. Biol. Chem. 265, 1812-1820.
16. Eiglmeier, K., Honore, N., Luchi, S., Lin, E.C.C., Cole, S.T., 1989. Molecular genetic analysis of FNR-dependent promoters. Mol. Microbiol. 3, 869-878.
17. Expert, D., Sauvage, C., Neilands, J.B., 1992. Negative transcriptional control of iron transport in Erwinia chrysanthemi involves an iron-responsive two-factor system. Mol. Microbiol. 6, 2009-2017.
18. Fath, M., Kolter, R., 1993. ABC transporters: bacterial exporters. Microbiol. Rev. 57, 995-1017.
19. Fenno, J.C., Shaikh, A., Spatafora, G., Fives-Taylor, P., 1995. The fimA locus of Streptococcus parasanguis encodes an ATP-binding membrane transport system. Mol. Microbiol. 15, 849-863.
20. Fleischmann, R.D. et al., 1995. Whole-genome random sequencing and assembly of Haemophilus influenzae Rd. Science 269, 496-512.
21. Furlong, C.E., 1986. Binding protein-dependent active transport in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Methods Enzymol. 125, 279-288.
22. Ganeshkumar, N., Hannam, P.M., Kolenbrander, P.E., McBride, B.C., 1991. Nucleotide sequence of a gene coding for a saliva-binding protein (SsaB) from Streptococcus sanguis 12 and a possible role of the protein in coaggregation with Actinomyces. Infect. Immun. 59, 1093-1099.
23. Hardham, J.M., Stamm, L.V., 1994. Identification and characterization of the Treponema pallidum tpn50 gene, an ompA homolog. Infect. Immun. 62, 1015-1025.
24. Harkness, R.E., Chong, P., Klein, M.H., 1992. Identification of two iron-repressed periplasmic proteins in Haemophilus influenzae. J. Bacteriol. 174, 2425-2430.
25. Higgins, C.F., 1992. ABC transporters: from microorganisms to man. Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 8, 67-113.
26. Higgins, C.F., Ames, G.F., Barnes, W.M., Clement, J.M., Hofnung, M., 1982. A novel intercistronic regulatory element of prokaryotic operons. Nature 298, 760-762.
27. Higgins, C.F., Hiles, I.D., Salmond, G.P.C., Gill, D.R., Downie, J.A., Evans, I.J., Holland, I.B., Gray, L., Buckel, S.D., Bell, A.W., Hermondson, M.A., 1986. A family of related ATP-binding subunits coupled to many distinct biological processes in bacteria. Nature 323, 448-450.
28. Horazdovsky, B.F., Hogg, R.W., 1987. High-affinity L-arabinose transport operon gene product expression and mRNAs. J. Mol. Biol. 197, 27-35.
29. Kerppola, R.E., Ames, G.F.-L., 1992. Topology of the hydrophobic membrane-bound components of the histidine periplasmic permease. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 2329-2336.
30. King, T.C., Schlessinger, D., 1990. Processing of mRNA transcripts. In: Ingram, J.L., Low, K.B., Magasanik, B., Schaechter, M. and Umbarger, H.E. (Eds.), Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium cellular and molecular biology. American Society of Microbiology, Washington, DC, pp. 703-718.
31. Kolenbrander, P.E., Andersen, R.N., Ganeshkumar, N., 1994. Nucleotide sequence of the Streptococcus gordonii PK488 coaggregation adhesin gene, scaA, and ATP-binding cassette. Infect. Immun. 62, 4469-4480.
32. Koster, W., Bohm, B., 1992. Point mutations in 2 conserved glycine residues within the integral membrane protein FhuB affect iron (III) hydroxamate transport. Mol. Gen. Genet. 232, 399-407.
33. Laemmli, U.K., 1970. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227, 680-685.
34. de Lorenzo, V., Wee, S., Heirero, M., Neilands, J.B., 1987. Operator sequences of the aerobactin operon of plasmed ColV-K30 binding the ferric uptake regulation (fur) repressor. J. Bacteriol. 169, 2624-2630.
35. Lowe, A.M., Lambert, P.A., Smith, A.W., 1995. Cloning of an Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis antigen: homology with adhesins from some oral Streptococci. Infect. Immun. 63, 703-706.
36. Lupski, J.R., Weinstock, G.M., 1992. Short, interspersed repetitive DNA sequences in prokaryotic genomes. J. Bacteriol. 174, 4525-4529.
37. Mahe, B., Masclaux, C., Rauscher, L., Enard, C., Expert, D., Differential expression of two siderophore-dependent iron-acquisition pathways in Erwinia chrysanthemi 3937: characterization of a novel ferrisiderophore permease of the ABC transporter family. 1995. Mol. Microbiol. 18, 33-43.
38. Norris, S.J. and the Treponema pallidum Polypeptide Research Group, 1993. Polypeptides of Treponema pallidum: progress toward understanding their structural, functional, and immunological roles. Microbiol. Rev. 57, 750-779.
39. Porcella, S.F., Popova, T.G., Hagman, K.E., Penn, C.W., Radolf, J.D., Norgard, M.V., 1996. A mgl-like operon in Treponema pallidum, the syphilis spirochete. Gene 177, 115-121.
40. Purcell, B.K., Swancutt, M.A., Radolf, J.D., 1990. Lipid modification of the 15 kiloDalton major membrane immunogene of Treponema pallidum. Mol. Microbiol. 4, 1371-1379.
41. Saito, H., Miura, K.I., 1963. Preparation of transforming deoxyribonucleic acid by phenol treatment. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 72, 619-629.
42. Sampson, J.S., O'Connor, A.R., Stinson, J.A., Tharpe, J.A., Russell, H., Cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis of psaA, the Streptococcus pneumoniae gene encoding a 37-kilodalton protein homologous to previously reported Streptococcus sp. adhesins. 1994. Infect. Immun. 62, 319-324.
43. Sanger, F., Nicklen, S., Coulson, A.R., 1977. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 74, 5463-5467.
44. Saurin, W., Koster, W., Dassa, E., 1994. Bacterial binding protein-dependent permeases: characterization of distinctive signatures for functionally related integral cytoplasmic membrane proteins. Mol. Microbiol. 12, 993-1004.
45. Schmitt, M.P., Holmes, R.K., 1994. Cloning, sequence, and footprint analysis of two promoter/operators from Corynebacterium diphtheriae that are regulated by the diphtheria toxin repressor (DtxR) and iron. J. Bacteriol. 176, 1141-1149.
46. Shinagawa, H., Makino, K., Amemura, M., Kimura, S., Iwasaki, H., Nakata, A., 1988. Structure and regulation of the Escherichia coli ruv operon involved in DNA repair and recombination. J. Bacteriol. 170, 4322-4329.
47. Stamm, L.V., Bassford, P.J., 1985. Cellular and extracellular protein antigens of Treponema pallidum synthesized during in vitro incubation of freshly extracted organisms. Infect. Immun. 47, 799-807.
48. Stamm, L.V., Kerner, T.C., Bankaitis, V.A., Bassford, P.J., , Jr1983. Identification and preliminary characterization of Treponema pallidum protein antigens expressed in Escherichia coli. Infect. Immun. 41, 709-721.
49. Stamm, L.V., Young, N.R., Frye, J.G., Hardham, J.M., 1996. Identification and sequences of the Treponema pallidum mglA and mglC genes. DNA Seq. 6, 293-298.
50. Tam, R., Saier, M.H., 1993. Structural, functional, and evolutionary relationships among extracellular solute-binding receptors of bacteria. Microbiol. Rev. 57, 320-346.
51. Tao, X., Schiering, N., Zeng, H.Y., Ringe, D., Murphy, J.R., 1994. Iron, DtxR, and the regulation of diphtheria toxin expression. Mol. Microbiol. 14, 191-197.
52. Walker, J.E., Saraste, M., Runswick, M.J., Gay, N.J., 1982. Distantly related sequences in the α- and β-subunits of ATP synthase, myosin, kinases and other ATP-requiring enzymes and a common nucleotide binding fold. EMBO J. 1, 945-951.
53. Walker, E.M., Arnett, J.K., Heath, J.D., Norris, S.J., 1991. Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum has a single, circular chromosome with a size of approximately 900 kilobase pairs. Infect. Immun. 59, 2476-2479.
54. Walker, E.M., Howell, J.K., You, Y., Hoffmaster, A.R., Heath, J.D., Weinstock, G.W., Norris, S.J., 1995. Physical map of the genome of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum (Nichols). J. Bacteriol. 177, 1797-1804.
55. Wang, Z., Schmitt, M.P., Holmes, R.K., 1994. Characterization of mutations that inactivate the diphtheria toxin repressor gene (dtxR). Infect. Immun. 62, 1600-1608.
56. White, M.F., Fothergill-Filmore, L.A., 1992. Development of a muta-genesis, expression, and purification system for yeast phosphoglycerate mutase. Investigation of the role of active-site His181. Eur. J. Biochem. 207, 709-714.
57. Wurgler, S.M., Richardson, C.C., 1990. Structure and regulation of the gene for dGTP triphosphohydrolase from Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 2740-2744.