The regulation of motor control: An evaluation of the role of dopamine receptors in the substantia nigra

Reviews in the Neurosciences

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 55-76

  Crocker, Ann D ^a,b  

^a FLINDERS UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b FLINDERS MEDICAL CENTRE   (Australia)

Author keywords

Dopamine receptors; Electromyographic activity; Motor control; Muscle tone; Substantia nigra

Indexed keywords

DOPAMINE; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR;

DOPAMINERGIC ACTIVITY; MOTOR ACTIVITY; MOTOR CONTROL; PARKINSON DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SUBSTANTIA NIGRA;

EID: 0030759545     PISSN: 03341763     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/REVNEURO.1997.8.1.55     Document Type: Review

References (99)

1. 3H]-γ-aminobutyric acid in the basal ganglia of 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats. Neurosci Lett 1991; 121: 223-226.
2. 1 receptor mediated modulation of the release of γ-aminobutyric acid by endogenous dopamine in the basal ganglia of the rat. Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatr 1995; 19: 727-739.
3. Aghajanian GK, Bunney BS. Dopamine autoreceptors: pharmacological characterisation by microiontophoretic single cell recording studies. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 1977; 297: 1-7.
4. 2 dopaminergic agonist injections in the rat. Neurosci Lett 1996; 213: 66-70.
5. Alexander GE, Crutcher MD. Functional architecture of basal ganglia circuits: neural substrates of parallel processing. Trends Neurosci 1990; 13: 266-272.
6. Belleau BV, Ditullio V, Godin D. The mechanism of irreversible adrenergic blockade by N-carboxydihydroquinolines - model studies with typical serine hydrolases. Biochem Pharmacol 1986; 18: 1039-1044.
7. Benabid AL, Pollak P, Gross C, Hoffmann, D, Benazzouz, A, Gao, DM, Laurent A, Gentil M, Perret J. Acute and long term effects of subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson's disease. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 1994; 62: 76-84.
8. Bergmann H, Wichmann T, DeLong MR. Reversal of experimental parkinsonism by lesions of the subthalamic nucleus. Science 1990; 249: 1346-1348.
9. Benazzouz A, Gross C, Féger J, Boraud T, Bioulac B. Reversal of rigidity and improvement in motor performance by subthalamic high-frequency stimulaton in MPTP-treated monkeys. Eur J Neurosci 1993; 5: 382-389.
10. Björklund A, Lindvall O. Dopamine in dendrites of substantia nigra neurons: suggestions for a role in dendritic terminals. Brain Res 1975; 83: 531-537.
11. 125I]-sulpiride. Neuroscience 1987; 20: 117-155.
12. 2 subtypes of dopamine receptors in rat brain. J Neurosci 1986; 6: 3177-3188.
13. Callaghan PD, Crocker AD. Dopamine receptors in the substantia nigra are involved in the regulation of muscle tone. Proc Aust Neurosci Soc 1996; 7: 167.
14. Cameron DL, Crocker AD. Localization of striatal dopamine receptor function by central injection of an irreversible dopamine antagonist. Neuroscience 1989; 2: 769-778.
15. Campbell GA, Eckhardt MJ, Weight FF. Dopaminergic mechanisms in subthalamic nucleus of rat: analysis using horseradish peroxidase and microiontophoresis. Brain Res 1987; 333: 261-270.
16. 2 receptors in the brain of several mammalian species. J Neural Trans 1990; 80: 105-127.
17. Cameras NS, Shammah-Lagnado SJ, Silva BA, Ricardo JA. Afferent connections of the subthalamic nucleus: a combined retrograde and anterograde horseradish peroxidase study in the rat. Brain Res 1990; 513: 43-59
18. Carelli RM, West MO. Representation of the body by single neurons in the dorsolateral striatum of the awake unrestrained rat. J Comp Neurol 1991; 309: 231-249.
19. 1 receptor blockade attenuates postsynaptic but not autoreceptor-mediated effects of dopamine agonists. Eur J Pharmacol 1986; 23: 237-251.
20. Cheramy A, Leviel V, Glowinski J. Dendritic release of dopamine in the substantia nigra. Nature 1981; 289: 537-542.
21. Chevalier JM, Vacher S, Deniau JM, Desban M. Disinhibiton as a basic process in the expression of striatal functions. I. The striato-nigral influence on tecto-spinal/tecto-diencephalic neurons. Brain Res 1985; 334: 215-226.
22. Chevalier JM, Deniau G. Disinhibition as a basic process in the expression of striatal functions. Trends Neurosci 1990; 13: 277-280.
23. 2 dopamine receptor classification and its functional implications. Synapse 1987; 1: 347-388.
24. Crocker AD. Receptor alkylating agents: Novel tools for the study of receptor function in the central nervous system of the rat. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1989; 16: 545-548.
25. Crocker AD. A new view of the role of dopamine receptors in the regulation of muscle tone. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1995; 22: 846-850.
26. DeLong MR. Primate models of movement disorders of basal ganglia origin. Trends Neurosci 1990; 13: 281-285.
27. Deniau JM, Chevalier G. Disinhibition as a basic process in the expression of striatal functions. II. The striato-nigral influence on thalamocortical cells of the venromedial thalamic nucleus. Brain Res 1985; 334: 227-233.
28. Deniau JM, Chevalier G. The lamellar organization of the rat substantia nigra pars reticulata: distribution of projection neurons. Neuroscience 1992; 46: 361-377.
29. Deniau JM, Menetrey A, Charpier S. The lamellar organization of the rat substantia nigra pars reticulata; segregated patterns of striatal afferents and relationship to the topography of corticostriatal projections. Neuroscience 1996; 73: 761-781.
30. Double KL, Crocker AD. Quantitative electromyographic changes following modification of central dopaminergic transmission. Brain Res 1993; 604: 342-344.
31. Double KL, Crocker AD. Dopamine receptors in the substantia nigra are involved in the regulation of muscle tone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92: 1669-1673.
32. Ellenbroek B, Schwarz M, Sontag K-H, Cools A. The importance of the striatonigrocollicular pathway in the expression of haloperidol-induced tonic electromyographic activity. Neurosci Lett 1985; 54: 189-194.
33. Engber TM, Susel, Z, Kuo S, Chase TN. Chronic levodopa treatment alters basal and dopamine agonist stimulated cerebral glucose utilization. J Neurosci 1990; 10: 3889-3895.
34. Faull RLM, Mehler WR. The cells of origin of nigrotectal, nigrothalamic and nigrostriatal projections in the rat. Neuroscience 1978; 3: 989-1002.
35. 1 antagonist SCH 23390. Brain Res 1987; 408: 205-209.
36. 1 dopamine receptors stimulates release of GABA in the basal ganglia of the rat. Neurosci Lett 1990; 116: 136-140.
37. Flores G, Valencia JM, Resales MG, Sierra A, Aceves J. Appearance of EMG motor activity and motor asymmetry after unilateral lesions of the dopaminergic innervation to the subthalamic nucleus in the rat. Neurosci Lett 1993; 162: 153-156.
38. 1 dopamine receptor mRNA in brain supports a role in cognitive, affective and neuroendocrine aspects of dopaminergic neurotransmission. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 88: 3772-3776.
39. Gage FH. Fetal implants put to the test. Nature 1993; 361: 405-406.
40. Gauchy C, Kernel ML, Desban M, Romo R, Glowinski J, Besson MJ. The role of dopamine released from distal and proximal dendrites of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurones in the control of GABA transmission in the thalamic nucleus ventralis in the cat. Neuroscience 1987; 22: 935-946.
41. Geffen LB, Jessell TM, Cuello AC, Iversen LL. Release of dopamine from dendrites in rat substantia nigra. Nature 1976; 260: 258-260.
42. Gerfen CR. The neostriatal mosaic: multiple levels of compartmental organization. Trends Neurosci 1992; 15: 133-138.
43. Hamblin MW, Creese I. Behavioural and radioligand binding evidence for irreversible dopamine receptor blockade by N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-elhoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline. Life Sci 1983; 32: 2247-2275.
44. Hassani O-K, Mouroux M, Féger J. Increased subthalamic neuronal activity independent of disinhibiton via the globus pallidus. Neuroscience 1996; 72: 105-115.
45. Havemann U, Turski L, Schwarz M, Kuschinsky K. Nigral GABAergic mechanisms and EMG activity in rats: differences between pars reticulata and pars compacta. Eur J Pharmacol 1983; 92: 49-56.
46. 1 receptors in the substantia nigra of the rat. Proc Aust Neurosci Soc 1996; 7: 166.
47. Hornykiewicz O. Imbalance of brain monoamines and clinical disorders. Prog Brain Res 1982; 55: 419-442.
48. 1 dopamine receptor modulation of basal ganglia output. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1994; 274: 1434-1443.
49. 1 receptor in rat brain reveals its axonal transport, pre- and postsynaptic localization, and prevalence in the basal ganglia, limbic system and thalamic reticular nucleus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992; 89: 11988-11992.
50. 2 receptors: Distribution, pharmacological characterization and region-specific regulation by clozapine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1992; 261: 1282-1290.
51. Javoy-Agid F, Taquet H, Ploska A, Cherif-Zahar C, Ruberg M, Agid Y. Distribution of catecholamines in the ventral mesencephalon of human brain with special reference to Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 1981; 36: 2101-2105.
52. Johnels B. Reserpine-induced rigidity in rats: drug effects on muscle tone corpus striatum and nucleus accumbens. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1983; 19: 463-470.
53. Kita H, Kitai ST. Efferent projections of the subthalamic nucleus in the rat: light and electron microscopic analysis with the PHA-L method. J Comp Neurol 1987; 260: 435-452.
54. Klockgether T, Schwarz M, Turski L, Wolfarth S, Sontag K-H. Rigidity and catalepsy after injections of muscimol into the ventromedial thalamic nucleus: an electromyographic study in the rat. Exp Brain Res 1985; 58: 559-569.
55. 1 receptor agonists increase the firing rates of subthalamic neurons. Neuroscience 1996; 72: 863-876.
56. 2 receptors to increase potassium conductance in neurones of the rat substantia nigra pars compacta. J Physiol (Lond) 1987; 392: 397-416.
57. Lacey MG, Mercuri NB, North RA. Actions of cocaine on rat dopaminergic neurones in vitro. Br J Pharmacol 1990; 99: 731-735.
58. Lacey MG. Neurotransmitter receptors and ion conductances regulating the activity of neurones in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area. Prog Brain Res 1993; 99: 251-276.
59. 2 receptors mediate the behavioural effects of dopamine agonists. Behav Brain Res 1990; 38: 233-242.
60. 1 dopamine receptors. Brain Res 1995; 681: 205-208.
61. 1 receptors on striatonigral terminals via a pertussistoxin sensitive coupling pathway. J Neurosci 1994; 14: 4494-4506.
62. Meibach RC, Katzman R. Catecholaminergic innervation of the subthalamic nucleus: evidence for a rostral continuation of the A9 (substantia nigra) dopaminergic cell group. Brain Res 1979; 173: 364-368.
63. 2 dopamine receptors by N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline in vivo: selective protection by neuroleptics, J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1985; 233: 656-662.
64. Mercuri NB, Calabresi P, Bernardi G. The mechanism of amphetamine-induced inhibition of rat substantia nigra compacta neurones investigated with intracellular recording in vitro. Br J Pharmacol 1989; 98: 127-134.
65. Mercuri NB, Calabresi P, Bernardi G. Responses of rat substantia nigra compacta neurones to L-dopa. Br J Pharmacol 1990; 100: 257-260.
66. Miller WC, DeLong MR. Altered tonic activity of neurons in the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus in the primate MPTP model of Parkinsonism. In: Carpenter MB, Jayarman A, eds. The Basal Ganglia. New York: Plenum Press 1987; 415-427.
67. Mitchell IJ, Clarke CE, Boyson S, Robertson RG, Peggs D, Sambrook MA, Crossman AR. Neural mechanisms underlying parkinsonian symptoms based in regional uptake of 2-deoxyglucose in monkeys exposed to MPTP. Neuroscience 1989; 32: 213-226.
68. 125I]-SCH23390 in adjacent brain sections. Neuroscience 1988; 27: 865-870.
69. Murrin LC, Gale K, Kuhar MJ. Autoradiographic localization of neuroleptic and dopamine receptors in the caudate putamen and substantia nigra: Effects of lesions. Eur J Pharmacol 1979; 60: 229-235.
70. Nikkhah G, Cunningham MG, McKay R, Björklund A. Dopaminergic microtransplants into the substantia nigra of neonatal rats with bilateral 6-OHDA lesions. II. Transplant-induced behavioral recovery. J Neurosci 1995; 15: 3562-3570.
71. Norman AB, Creese I. Effects of in vivo and in vitro treatments with N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-cthoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline on putative muscarinic receptor subtypes in rat brain. Mol Pharmacol 1986; 30: 96-103.
72. Parent A, Hazrati L-N. Functional anatomy of the basal ganglia. II. The place of subthalamic nucleus and external pallidum in basal ganglia circuitry. Brain Res Rev 1995; 20: 128-154.
73. Paxinos G, Watson C. The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates. Sydney: Academic Press, 1986.
74. 3H-GABA release from slices of rat substantuia nigra in vitro. Nature 1977; 268: 652-654.
75. Rinne UK. Early combination of bromocryptine and levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease; a 5 year follow up. Neurology 1987; 37: 626-688.
76. Robertson GS, Robertson HA. Evidence that the substantia nigra is a site of action for L-dopa. Neurosci Lett 1988; 89: 204-209.
77. Robertson GS, Robertson HA. Evidence that L-DOPA-induced rotational behaviour is dependent on both striatal and nigral mechanisms. J Neurosci 1989; 9: 3326-3331.
78. 1 dopamine receptor-activated c-fos. Brain Res 1990; 523: 288-290.
79. Robertson HA. Dopamine receptor interactions: some implications for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Trends Neurosci 1992; 15: 201-206.
80. Ruffieux A, Schultz W. Dopaminergic activation of reticulata neurones in the substantia nigra. Nature 1980; 285: 240-241.
81. 2 receptor-like immunoreactivity in midbrain dopamine neurons and their striatal targets J. Neurosci 1994; 94: 88-106.
82. Sibley DR, Monsma FJ. Molecular biology of dopamine receptors. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1992; 13: 61-69.
83. Smith AD, Bolam JP. The neural network of the basal ganglia as revealed by the study of synaptic connections of identified neurones. Trends Neurosci 1990; 13: 259-265.
84. Smith Y, Bolam JP. Neurons of the substantia nigra reticulata receive a dense GABA-containing input form the globus pallidus in the rat. Brain Res 1989; 493: 160-167.
85. Smith Y, Bolam JP. The output neurones and the dopaminergic neurones of the substantia nigra receive a GABA-containing input from the globus pallidus in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1990; 296: 47-64.
86. Smith Y, Wichman T, DeLong MR. The external pallidum and the subthalamic nucleus send convergent synaptic inputs onto single neurones in the internal pallidal segment in monkey: Anatomical organization and functional significance. In: Percheron G, eds. The Basal Ganglia IV. New York: Plenum Press, 1994; 51-62.
87. Somogyi P, Hodgson AJ, Smith AD. An approach to tracing neuron networks in the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. Neuroscience 1979; 4: 1805-1852.
88. Spencer SE, Wooton GF. Pharmacologic effects of L-dopa are not closely linked temporally to striatal dopamine concentration. Neurology 1984; 34: 1609-1611.
89. 3H]γ-aminobutyric acid release? J Neurochem 1987; 49: 1042-1049.
90. 2 dopamine agonists differentially alter basal ganglia glucose utilization in rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine substantia nigra lesions. J Neurosci 1987; 7: 2927-2935.
91. Ungerstedt U. Postsynaptic supersensitivity after 6-hydroxydopamine induced degeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine system. Acta Physiol Scand 1971; 364 (suppl): 69-93.
92. 2 dopamine receptor agonists on substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons. Brain Res 1990; 513: 125-135.
93. Waszczak BL, Lee EK, Tamminga CA, Walters JR. Effect of dopamine system activation on subslantia nigra pars reticulata output neurons. Variable single-unit responses in normal rats and inhibition in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. J Neurosci 1984; 4: 2369-2375.
94. Waszczak BL and Walters JR. Dopamine modulation of the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid on substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons. Science 1983; 220: 218-221.
95. 2 coactivation induces potentiated responses. Brain Res 1987; 405: 234-246.
96. Wüllner U, Klockgether T, Schwarz M, Sontag K-H. Behavioural actions of baclofen in the rat ventromedial thalamic nucleus: antagonism by aminovalerate. Brain Res 1987; 422: 129-136.
97. Yahr MD, Duvoisin RC, Schear MJ, Barrett RE, Hoehn MM. Treatment of Parkinsonism with levodopa. Arch Neurol 1969; 21: 343-354.
98. Yurek DM, Hipkens SB. Intranigral injections of SCH 23390 inhibit SKF 82958-induced rotational behaviour. Brain Res 1994; 639: 329-332.
99. 2 dopamine receptors in the basal ganglia of the rat: light and electron microscopy. Neuroscience 1995; 65: 709-730.