메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 159-175

Clinical pharmacology of HIV protease inhibitors: Focus on saquinavir, indinavir, and ritonavir

Author keywords

Clinical pharmacology; HIV infection; Indinavir; Protease inhibitor; Ritonavir; Saquinavir

Indexed keywords

ALPRAZOLAM; ASTEMIZOLE; CARBAMAZEPINE; CISAPRIDE; CLARITHROMYCIN; CLINDAMYCIN; DAPSONE; DEXAMETHASONE; INDINAVIR; ITRACONAZOLE; KETOCONAZOLE; LAMIVUDINE; MIDAZOLAM; PHENOBARBITAL; PHENYTOIN; PROTEINASE; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; QUINIDINE; RANITIDINE; RIFABUTIN; RIFAMPICIN; RITONAVIR; SAQUINAVIR; TERFENADINE; TRIAZOLAM; TRIMETHOPRIM; ZIDOVUDINE;

EID: 0030756358     PISSN: 09281231     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1008629608556     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (87)

References (99)
  • 1
    • 8544227054 scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis pneumonia - Los Angeles
    • Centers for Disease Control. Pneumocystis pneumonia - Los Angeles. MMWR 1981;30:2.
    • (1981) MMWR , vol.30 , pp. 2
  • 2
    • 0019872049 scopus 로고
    • Kaposi's sarcoma and Pneumocystis pneumonia among homosexual men - New York city and California
    • Centers for Disease Control. Kaposi's sarcoma and Pneumocystis pneumonia among homosexual men - New York city and California. M M WR 1981;30:305-8.
    • (1981) M M WR , vol.30 , pp. 305-308
  • 3
    • 0023268502 scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of 3′-amino-3′-deoxythymidine (azidothymidine) in the treatment of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex: A double-blind placebo-controlled trial
    • Fischl MA, Richman DD, Grieco MH, Gottlieb MS, Volberding PA, Laskin OL, et al. The efficacy of 3′-amino-3′-deoxythymidine (azidothymidine) in the treatment of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. N Engl JMed 1987;317:185-91.
    • (1987) N Engl JMed , vol.317 , pp. 185-191
    • Fischl, M.A.1    Richman, D.D.2    Grieco, M.H.3    Gottlieb, M.S.4    Volberding, P.A.5    Laskin, O.L.6
  • 4
    • 0030567824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delta: A randomised double-blind controlled trial comparing combinations of zidovudine plus didanosine or zalcitabine with zidovudine alone in HIV-infected individuals
    • Delta Coordinating Committee. Delta: a randomised double-blind controlled trial comparing combinations of zidovudine plus didanosine or zalcitabine with zidovudine alone in HIV-infected individuals. Lancet 1996;348:283-91.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 283-291
  • 5
    • 0342732408 scopus 로고
    • Nucleoside monotherapy (MT) vs. combination therapy (CT) in HIV infected adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in persons with CD4 cell counts 200-500/mm3
    • fifth plenary session, Copenhagen, September
    • Hammer S, Katzenstein D, Hughes M, Gundacker H, Hirsch M, Merigan T. Nucleoside monotherapy (MT) vs. combination therapy (CT) in HIV infected adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in persons with CD4 cell counts 200-500/mm3. V European Conference on Clinical Aspects and Treatment of HIV Infection, fifth plenary session, Copenhagen, September 1995.
    • (1995) V European Conference on Clinical Aspects and Treatment of HIV Infection
    • Hammer, S.1    Katzenstein, D.2    Hughes, M.3    Gundacker, H.4    Hirsch, M.5    Merigan, T.6
  • 7
    • 0027413508 scopus 로고
    • HIV protease inhibitors: Their anti-HIV activity and potential role in treatment
    • Robins T, Plattner J. HIV protease inhibitors: their anti-HIV activity and potential role in treatment. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1993;6:162-70.
    • (1993) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.6 , pp. 162-170
    • Robins, T.1    Plattner, J.2
  • 9
    • 0344243836 scopus 로고
    • HIV protease inhibitors
    • Winslow DL, Otto MJ. HIV protease inhibitors. AIDS 1995;9 Suppl A:S183-S192.
    • (1995) AIDS , vol.9 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Winslow, D.L.1    Otto, M.J.2
  • 10
    • 0025017237 scopus 로고
    • Viral proteinases: Weakness in strength
    • Kay J, Dunn BM. Viral proteinases: weakness in strength. Biochim Biophys Acta 1990;1048:1-18.
    • (1990) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1048 , pp. 1-18
    • Kay, J.1    Dunn, B.M.2
  • 11
    • 0024267487 scopus 로고
    • Genetic locus, primary structure, and chemical synthesis of human immunodeficiency virus protease
    • Copeland TD, Oroszlan S. Genetic locus, primary structure, and chemical synthesis of human immunodeficiency virus protease. Gene Anal Tech 1988;5:109-15.
    • (1988) Gene Anal Tech , vol.5 , pp. 109-115
    • Copeland, T.D.1    Oroszlan, S.2
  • 13
    • 0028248489 scopus 로고
    • HIV protease as an inhibitor target for the treatment of AIDS
    • Darke PL, Huff JR. HIV protease as an inhibitor target for the treatment of AIDS. Adv Pharmacol 1994;25:399-454.
    • (1994) Adv Pharmacol , vol.25 , pp. 399-454
    • Darke, P.L.1    Huff, J.R.2
  • 14
    • 0024492495 scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of a retroviral protease proves relationship to aspartic protease family
    • Miller M, Jaskólski M, Rao JKM, Leis J, Wlodawer A. Crystal structure of a retroviral protease proves relationship to aspartic protease family. Nature (Lond) 1989;337:576-9.
    • (1989) Nature (Lond) , vol.337 , pp. 576-579
    • Miller, M.1    Jaskólski, M.2    Rao, J.K.M.3    Leis, J.4    Wlodawer, A.5
  • 15
    • 0024412506 scopus 로고
    • Conserved folding in retroviral proteases: Crystal structure of a synthetic HIV-1 protease
    • Wlodawer A, Miller M, Jaskólski M. Conserved folding in retroviral proteases: crystal structure of a synthetic HIV-1 protease. Science 1989;245:616-21.
    • (1989) Science , vol.245 , pp. 616-621
    • Wlodawer, A.1    Miller, M.2    Jaskólski, M.3
  • 16
    • 0029964107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current knowledge and future prospects for the use of HIV protease inhibitors
    • Moyle G, Gazzard B. Current knowledge and future prospects for the use of HIV protease inhibitors. Drugs 1996;51:701-12.
    • (1996) Drugs , vol.51 , pp. 701-712
    • Moyle, G.1    Gazzard, B.2
  • 18
    • 0029897059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saquinavir. A review of its pharmacology and clinical potential in the management of HIV infection
    • Noble S, Faulds D. Saquinavir. A review of its pharmacology and clinical potential in the management of HIV infection. Drugs 1996;52:93-112.
    • (1996) Drugs , vol.52 , pp. 93-112
    • Noble, S.1    Faulds, D.2
  • 19
    • 0030317870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of high-dose saquinavir on viral load and CD4+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected patients
    • Schapiro JM, Winters MA, Stewart F, Efron B, Norris J, Kozal M J, et al. The effect of high-dose saquinavir on viral load and CD4+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected patients. Ann Intern Med 1996;124:1039-50.
    • (1996) Ann Intern Med , vol.124 , pp. 1039-1050
    • Schapiro, J.M.1    Winters, M.A.2    Stewart, F.3    Efron, B.4    Norris, J.5    Kozal, M.J.6
  • 20
    • 2442723342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection with saquinavir, zidovudine, and zalcitabine
    • Collier AC, Coombs RW, Schoenfeld DA, Bassett RL, Timpone J, Baruch A, et al. Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection with saquinavir, zidovudine, and zalcitabine. N Engl JMed 1996;334:1011-7.
    • (1996) N Engl JMed , vol.334 , pp. 1011-1017
    • Collier, A.C.1    Coombs, R.W.2    Schoenfeld, D.A.3    Bassett, R.L.4    Timpone, J.5    Baruch, A.6
  • 21
    • 0029927979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saquinavir/zidovudine combination in patients with advanced HIV infection and no prior antiretroviral therapy: CD4+ lymphocyte/plasma RNA changes, and emergence of HIV straines with reduced phenotypic sensitivity
    • Vella S, Galluzzo C, Giannini G, et al. Saquinavir/zidovudine combination in patients with advanced HIV infection and no prior antiretroviral therapy: CD4+ lymphocyte/plasma RNA changes, and emergence of HIV straines with reduced phenotypic sensitivity. Antiviral Res 1996;29:91-3.
    • (1996) Antiviral Res , vol.29 , pp. 91-93
    • Vella, S.1    Galluzzo, C.2    Giannini, G.3
  • 22
    • 0003308625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved survival and decreased progression of HIV in patients treated with saquinavir (Invirase™, SQV) plus Hivid (zalcitabine, ddC)
    • Vancouver, July LB.B.6033
    • Lalezari J, Haubrich R, Burger HU, Beattie D, Donatacci L, Salgo MP, and the NV 14256 Study Team. Improved survival and decreased progression of HIV in patients treated with saquinavir (Invirase™, SQV) plus Hivid (zalcitabine, ddC). XI International Conference on AIDS, Vancouver, July 1996, LB.B.6033.
    • (1996) XI International Conference on AIDS
    • Lalezari, J.1    Haubrich, R.2    Burger, H.U.3    Beattie, D.4    Donatacci, L.5    Salgo, M.P.6
  • 23
    • 0343323330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saquinavir (Invirase, SQV) vs. Hivid (zalcitabine, ddC) vs. combination as treatment for advanced HIV infection in patients discontinuing/unable to take Retrovir zidovudine (ZDV)
    • Vancouver, July Mo.B.410
    • Salgo MP, Beattie D, Bragman K, Donatacci L, Jones M, Montgomery L, the NV 14256 Study Team. Saquinavir (Invirase, SQV) vs. Hivid (zalcitabine, ddC) vs. combination as treatment for advanced HIV infection in patients discontinuing/unable to take Retrovir (zidovudine (ZDV). XI International Conference on AIDS, Vancouver, July 1996, Mo.B.410.
    • (1996) XI International Conference on AIDS
    • Salgo, M.P.1    Beattie, D.2    Bragman, K.3    Donatacci, L.4    Jones, M.5    Montgomery, L.6
  • 24
    • 8544272641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of triple combination therapy with Invirase (saquinavir/SQV/HIV protease inhibitor), Epivir (3TC/lamivudine) and Retrovir® (ZDV/zidovudine) in HIV-infected patients
    • Vancouver, July Mo.B.172
    • Baruch A, Mastrodonato-Delora P, Schnipper E, Salgo M. Efficacy and safety of triple combination therapy with Invirase (saquinavir/SQV/HIV protease inhibitor), Epivir (3TC/lamivudine) and Retrovir® (ZDV/zidovudine) in HIV-infected patients. XI International Conference on AIDS, Vancouver, July 1996, Mo.B.172.
    • (1996) XI International Conference on AIDS
    • Baruch, A.1    Mastrodonato-Delora, P.2    Schnipper, E.3    Salgo, M.4
  • 29
    • 0027375246 scopus 로고
    • In vitro resistance to an inhibitor of HIV proteinase (Ro 31-8959) relative to inhibitors of reverse transcriptase (AZT and TIBO)
    • Craig JC, Whittaker L, Duncan IB, et al. In vitro resistance to an inhibitor of HIV proteinase (Ro 31-8959) relative to inhibitors of reverse transcriptase (AZT and TIBO). Antiviral Chem Chemother 1993;4:335-9.
    • (1993) Antiviral Chem Chemother , vol.4 , pp. 335-339
    • Craig, J.C.1    Whittaker, L.2    Duncan, I.B.3
  • 30
    • 0027442642 scopus 로고
    • In vitro selection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 resistant to Ro 31-8959 proteinase inhibitor
    • Dianzani F, Antonelli G, Turriziani O, et al. In vitro selection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 resistant to Ro 31-8959 proteinase inhibitor. Antiviral Chem Chemother 1993;4:329-33.
    • (1993) Antiviral Chem Chemother , vol.4 , pp. 329-333
    • Dianzani, F.1    Antonelli, G.2    Turriziani, O.3
  • 31
    • 1842546400 scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of HIV-variants with reduced sensitivity to Ro 31-8959, a viral proteinase inhibitor
    • Jacobsen H, Craig CJ, Duncan IB, et al. Molecular characterization of HIV-variants with reduced sensitivity to Ro 31-8959, a viral proteinase inhibitor. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1994;10 Suppl 1:S24.
    • (1994) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.10 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Jacobsen, H.1    Craig, C.J.2    Duncan, I.B.3
  • 32
    • 0028525039 scopus 로고
    • Identification of an amino acid substitution involved in the reduction of sensitivity of HIV-1 to an inhibitor of viral proteinase
    • Turriziani O, Antonelli G, Jacobsen H, Mous J, Riva E, Pistello M, et al. Identification of an amino acid substitution involved in the reduction of sensitivity of HIV-1 to an inhibitor of viral proteinase. Acta Virol 1994;38:297-8.
    • (1994) Acta Virol , vol.38 , pp. 297-298
    • Turriziani, O.1    Antonelli, G.2    Jacobsen, H.3    Mous, J.4    Riva, E.5    Pistello, M.6
  • 33
    • 0029133978 scopus 로고
    • Cross-resistance analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants individually selected for resistance to five different protease inhibitors
    • Tisdale M, Myers RE, Maschera B, Parry NR Oliver NM, Blair ED, et al. Cross-resistance analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants individually selected for resistance to five different protease inhibitors. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995;39:1704-10.
    • (1995) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.39 , pp. 1704-1710
    • Tisdale, M.1    Myers, R.E.2    Maschera, B.3    Parry, N.R.4    Oliver, N.M.5    Blair, E.D.6
  • 35
    • 0028843163 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutants with decreased sensitivity to proteinase inhibitor Ro 31-8959
    • Jacobsen H, Yasargil K, Winslow DL, Craig JC, Krohn A, Duncan IB, et al. Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutants with decreased sensitivity to proteinase inhibitor Ro 31-8959. Virology 1995;206:527-34.
    • (1995) Virology , vol.206 , pp. 527-534
    • Jacobsen, H.1    Yasargil, K.2    Winslow, D.L.3    Craig, J.C.4    Krohn, A.5    Duncan, I.B.6
  • 36
    • 0029614884 scopus 로고
    • Drug-resistance patterns of saquinavir and other HIV proteinase inhibitors
    • Roberts NA. Drug-resistance patterns of saquinavir and other HIV proteinase inhibitors. AIDS 1995;9 Suppl 2:S27-S32.
    • (1995) AIDS , vol.9 , Issue.2 SUPPL.
    • Roberts, N.A.1
  • 38
    • 0029092503 scopus 로고
    • In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates with reduced sensitivity to hydroxyethylamino sulfonamide inhibitors of HIV-1 aspartyl protease
    • Partaledis JA, Yamaguchi K, Tisdale M, Blair EE, Falcione C, Maschera B, et al. In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates with reduced sensitivity to hydroxyethylamino sulfonamide inhibitors of HIV-1 aspartyl protease. JVirol 1995;69:5228-35.
    • (1995) JVirol , vol.69 , pp. 5228-5235
    • Partaledis, J.A.1    Yamaguchi, K.2    Tisdale, M.3    Blair, E.E.4    Falcione, C.5    Maschera, B.6
  • 39
    • 0028943992 scopus 로고
    • In vivo emergence of HIV-1 variants resistant to multiple protease inhibitors
    • Condra JH, Schleif WA, Blahy OM, et al. In vivo emergence of HIV-1 variants resistant to multiple protease inhibitors. Nature 1995;374:569-71.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.374 , pp. 569-571
    • Condra, J.H.1    Schleif, W.A.2    Blahy, O.M.3
  • 40
    • 8544269494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long term treatment with saquinavir (invirase) does not lead to a significant reduction in sensitivity to MK-639
    • Vancouver, July Tu.B.2124
    • Race E, Gilbert SM, Tomlinson PW, Whittaker L, Moffat A, Jupp R, et al. Long term treatment with saquinavir (invirase) does not lead to a significant reduction in sensitivity to MK-639. XI International Conference on AIDS, Vancouver, July 1996, Tu.B.2124.
    • (1996) XI International Conference on AIDS
    • Race, E.1    Gilbert, S.M.2    Tomlinson, P.W.3    Whittaker, L.4    Moffat, A.5    Jupp, R.6
  • 41
    • 0026699949 scopus 로고
    • Disposition and bioavailability of the HIV-proteinase inhibitor, Ro 31-8959, after single doses in healthy volunteers
    • Williams PEO, Sampson AP, Green CP, et al. Disposition and bioavailability of the HIV-proteinase inhibitor, Ro 31-8959, after single doses in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1992;34:155P-156P.
    • (1992) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.34
    • Williams, P.E.O.1    Sampson, A.P.2    Green, C.P.3
  • 42
    • 0026744510 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of the HIV-proteinase inhibitor, Ro 31-8959, after single and multiple oral doses in healthy volunteers
    • Muirhead GJ, Shaw T, Williams PEO, et al. Pharmacokinetics of the HIV-proteinase inhibitor, Ro 31-8959, after single and multiple oral doses in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1992;34:170P-171P.
    • (1992) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.34
    • Muirhead, G.J.1    Shaw, T.2    Williams, P.E.O.3
  • 43
    • 0026662328 scopus 로고
    • Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of single oral doses of Ro 31-8959, an HIV proteinase inhibitor
    • Shaw TM, Muirhead GJ, Parish N, et al. Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of single oral doses of Ro 31-8959, an HIV proteinase inhibitor. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1994;34:166P-167P.
    • (1994) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.34
    • Shaw, T.M.1    Muirhead, G.J.2    Parish, N.3
  • 44
    • 0343504938 scopus 로고
    • Prediction of potential drug interactions of saquinavir (Ro 31-8959) from in vitro data
    • Farrar G, Mitchell AM, Hooper H, et al. Prediction of potential drug interactions of saquinavir (Ro 31-8959) from in vitro data. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1994;38:162P.
    • (1994) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.38
    • Farrar, G.1    Mitchell, A.M.2    Hooper, H.3
  • 50
    • 8544238639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anonymous. Saquinavir package insert
    • Anonymous. Saquinavir package insert.
  • 52
    • 0025774666 scopus 로고
    • Benzocycloalkyl amines as novel C-termini for HIV protease inhibitors
    • Lyle TA, Wiscount CM, Guare JP, Benzocycloalkyl amines as novel C-termini for HIV protease inhibitors. J Med Chem 1991;34:1228-30.
    • (1991) J Med Chem , vol.34 , pp. 1228-1230
    • Lyle, T.A.1    Wiscount, C.M.2    Guare, J.P.3
  • 56
    • 0029872589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 24-week open-label phase I/II evaluation of the HIV protease inhibitor MK-639 (indinavir)
    • Stein DS, Fish DG, Bilello JA, Preston SL, Martineau GL, Drusano GL. A 24-week open-label phase I/II evaluation of the HIV protease inhibitor MK-639 (indinavir). AIDS 1996;10:485-92.
    • (1996) AIDS , vol.10 , pp. 485-492
    • Stein, D.S.1    Fish, D.G.2    Bilello, J.A.3    Preston, S.L.4    Martineau, G.L.5    Drusano, G.L.6
  • 58
    • 0008477577 scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind study of the oral HIV protease inhibitor, L-735,524 vs. AZT in p24 antigenemic, HIV-1 infected patients with < 500 CD4 cells
    • Washington DC
    • Mellors J. A randomized, double-blind study of the oral HIV protease inhibitor, L-735,524 vs. AZT in p24 antigenemic, HIV-1 infected patients with < 500 CD4 cells. 2nd National Conference on Human Retroviruses, Washington DC, 1995, 183.
    • (1995) 2nd National Conference on Human Retroviruses , pp. 183
    • Mellors, J.1
  • 59
    • 1842384726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extended follow-up of patients in a study of indinavir at 800 mg q8h (2.4 g/day), 1000 mg q8h (3.0 g/day) and 800 mg q6h (3.2 g/day)
    • Vancouver, July Mo.B.412
    • Steigbigel R, Berry P, Teppler H, Mellors J, Drusano G, Leavitt R, et al. Extended follow-up of patients in a study of indinavir at 800 mg q8h (2.4 g/day), 1000 mg q8h (3.0 g/day) and 800 mg q6h (3.2 g/day). XI International Conference on AIDS, Vancouver, July 1996, Mo.B.412.
    • (1996) XI International Conference on AIDS
    • Steigbigel, R.1    Berry, P.2    Teppler, H.3    Mellors, J.4    Drusano, G.5    Leavitt, R.6
  • 62
  • 70
    • 0013586127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bi-directional inhibition of HIV-1 drug resistance selection by combination therapy with indinavir and reverse transcriptase inhibitors
    • Vancouver, July Th.B.932
    • Condra JH, Holder DJ, Schleif WA, Chodakewitz JA, Massari FE, Blahy OM, et al. Bi-directional inhibition of HIV-1 drug resistance selection by combination therapy with indinavir and reverse transcriptase inhibitors. XI International Conference on AIDS, Vancouver, July 1996, Th.B.932.
    • (1996) XI International Conference on AIDS
    • Condra, J.H.1    Holder, D.J.2    Schleif, W.A.3    Chodakewitz, J.A.4    Massari, F.E.5    Blahy, O.M.6
  • 71
    • 8544235635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anonymous. Indinavir package insert
    • Anonymous. Indinavir package insert.
  • 72
    • 0000183017 scopus 로고
    • Ftiase I studies of L-735,524, an HIV protease inhibitor: Pharmacokinetics, tolerability and short-term antiviral activity
    • Squires KE, Saag MS, Teppler H, Pomerantz R, Waldman S, Bjornsson T, et al. Ftiase I studies of L-735,524, an HIV protease inhibitor: pharmacokinetics, tolerability and short-term antiviral activity. Clin Res 1994;42:280A.
    • (1994) Clin Res , vol.42
    • Squires, K.E.1    Saag, M.S.2    Teppler, H.3    Pomerantz, R.4    Waldman, S.5    Bjornsson, T.6
  • 74
    • 8544281813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anonymous. Data on file MSD
    • Anonymous. Data on file MSD.
  • 75
    • 0004795848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indinavir (MK 639) drug interaction studies
    • Vancouver, July Mo.B.174
    • The Indinavir (MK639) Pharmacokinetic Study Group, Merck Research Labs. Indinavir (MK 639) drug interaction studies. XI International Conference on AIDS, Vancouver, July 1996, Mo.B.174.
    • (1996) XI International Conference on AIDS
  • 77
    • 0008348082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Norvir. 16 August CPMP/527/96
    • Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products. European Public Assessment Report (EPAR). Norvir. 16 August 1996, CPMP/527/96.
    • (1996) European Public Assessment Report (EPAR)
  • 78
    • 0028846165 scopus 로고
    • A short-term study of the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of ritonavir, an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease
    • Danner SA, Carr A, Leonard JM, Lehman LM, Gudiol F, Gonzales J, et al. A short-term study of the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of ritonavir, an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. N Engl JMed 1995;333:1528-33.
    • (1995) N Engl JMed , vol.333 , pp. 1528-1533
    • Danner, S.A.1    Carr, A.2    Leonard, J.M.3    Lehman, L.M.4    Gudiol, F.5    Gonzales, J.6
  • 79
    • 0028806725 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary study of ritonavir, an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease, to treat HIV-1 infection
    • Markowitz M, Saag M, Powderly WG, Hurley AM, Hsu A, Valdes JM, et al. A preliminary study of ritonavir, an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease, to treat HIV-1 infection. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1534-9.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 1534-1539
    • Markowitz, M.1    Saag, M.2    Powderly, W.G.3    Hurley, A.M.4    Hsu, A.5    Valdes, J.M.6
  • 80
    • 0005426635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of ritonavir administered at two potentially maximum tolerated doses
    • Vancouver, July Mo.B.415
    • Hicks CB, Lehman L, Eron, Horton J, Jemsek J, Kelly N, et al. Safety and efficacy of ritonavir administered at two potentially maximum tolerated doses. XI International Conference on AIDS, Vancouver, July 1996, Mo.B.415.
    • (1996) XI International Conference on AIDS
    • Hicks, C.B.1    Lehman, L.2    Eron3    Horton, J.4    Jemsek, J.5    Kelly, N.6
  • 82
    • 0003204379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolongation of life and prevention of AIDS in advanced HIV immunodeficiency with ritonavir. Update
    • Vancouver, July Mo.B.411
    • Cameron B, Heath-Chiozzi M, Kravick S, et al. Prolongation of life and prevention of AIDS in advanced HIV immunodeficiency with ritonavir. Update. XI Conference on AIDS, Vancouver, July 1996, Mo.B.411.
    • (1996) XI Conference on AIDS
    • Cameron, B.1    Heath-Chiozzi, M.2    Kravick, S.3
  • 90
    • 7844237330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of three vehicles, Advera®, Ensure®, and chocolate milk, on the bioavailability of an oral liquid formulation of Norvir® (ritonavir)
    • New Orleans, September
    • Bertz R, Shi H, Cavanaugh J, Hsu A. Effect of three vehicles, Advera®, Ensure®, and chocolate milk, on the bioavailability of an oral liquid formulation of Norvir® (ritonavir). 36th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, New Orleans, September 1996, A25.
    • (1996) 36th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
    • Bertz, R.1    Shi, H.2    Cavanaugh, J.3    Hsu, A.4
  • 91
    • 34447489533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the in vivo resistance pathway and pharmacokinetic properties of ritonavir
    • Whistler, July Abstract 31
    • Molla A, Kempf D, Korneyeva M, et al. Characterization of the in vivo resistance pathway and pharmacokinetic properties of ritonavir. Vth International Workshop on HIV Drug Resistance, Whistler, July 1996, Abstract 31.
    • (1996) Vth International Workshop on HIV Drug Resistance
    • Molla, A.1    Kempf, D.2    Korneyeva, M.3
  • 99
    • 8544284228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anonymous. Ritonavir package insert
    • Anonymous. Ritonavir package insert.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.