Phosphorylation of Raf-1 serine 338-serine 339 is an essential regulatory event for Ras-dependent activation and biological signaling

Molecular and Cellular Biology

Volumn 17, Issue 8, 1997, Pages 4509-4516

  Diaz, Bruce ^a   Barnard, Darlene ^a   Filson, Adele ^a   Macdonald, Susan ^b   King, Alastair ^a   Marshall, Mark ^a  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b ONYX PHARMACEUTICALS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALANINE; MEMBRANE PROTEIN; PROTEIN SERINE THREONINE KINASE;

AMINO ACID SUBSTITUTION; ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; BINDING SITE; CELL TRANSFORMATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ACTIVATION; NONHUMAN; ONCOGENE RAS; PEPTIDE MAPPING; PREDICTION; PRENYLATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; QUANTITATIVE DIAGNOSIS; RAT;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0030756069     PISSN: 02707306     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/MCB.17.8.4509     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Avruch, J. Personal communication.
2. Avruch, J., X. F. Zhang, and J. M. Kyriakis. 1994. Raf meets Ras: completing the framework of a signal transduction pathway. Trends Biochem. Sci. 19:279-283.
3. Barbacid, M. 1987. ras genes. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 56:779-827.
4. Bos, J. L. 1989. Ras oncogenes in human cancer: a review. Cancer Res. 49:4682-4689.
5. Boyle, W. J., P. van der Geer, and T. Hunter. 1991. Phosphopeptide mapping and phosphoamino acid analysis by two-dimensional separation on thin-layer cellulose plates. Methods Enzymol. 201:110-149.
6. Brtva, T. R., J. K. Drugan, S. Ghosh, R. S. Terrell, S. Campbell-Burk, R. M. Bell, and C. J. Der. 1995. Two distinct Raf domains mediate interaction with Ras. J. Biol. Chem. 270:9809-9812.
7. Chu, G., H. Hayakawa, and P. Berg. 1987. Electroporation for the efficient transfection of mammalian cells with DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 15:1311-1326.
8. Chuang, E., D. Barnard, L. Hettich. X. Zhang, J. Avruch, and M. Marshall. 1994. Critical binding and regulatory interactions between Ras and Raf occur through a small, stable N-terminal domain of Raf and specific Ras effector residues. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:5318-5325.
9. Crews. C. M., and R. L. Erikson. 1993. Extracellular signals and reversible protein phosphorylation: what to Mek of it all. Cell 74:215-217.
10. Dent, P., T. Jelinek, D. K. Morrison, M. J. Weber, and T. W. Sturgill. 1995. Reversal of Raf-1 activation by purified and membrane-associated protein phosphatases. Science 268:1902-1906.
11. Dent, P., D. B. Reardon, D. K. Morrison, and T. W. Sturgill. 1995. Regulation of Raf-1 and Raf-1 mutants by Ras-dependent and Ras-independent mechanisms in vitro. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:4125-4135.
12. Donella-Deana, A., O. Marin, A. M. Brunati, L. Cesaro, C. Piutti, and L. A. Pinna. 1993. Phosphorylated residues as specificity determinants for an acidophilic protein tyrosine kinase. FEBS Lett. 330:141-145.
13. Evan, G. I., G. K. Lewis, G. Ramsay, and J. M. Bishop. 1985. Isolation of monoclonal antibodies specific for human c-Myc proto-oncogene product. Mol. Cell. Biol. 5:3610-3616.
14. Fabian, J. R., I. O. Daar, and D. K. Morrison. 1993. Critical tyrosine residues regulate the enzymatic and biological activity of Raf-1 kinase. Mol. Cell Biol. 13:7170-7179.
15. Freed, E., M. Symons, S. G. Macdonald, F. McCormick, and R. Ruggieri. 1994. Binding of 14-3-3 proteins to the protein kinase Raf and effects on its activation. Science 265:1713-1716.
16. Hancock, J. F., K. Cadwallader, H. Paterson, and C. J. Marshall. 1991. A CAAX or a CAAL motif and a second signal are sufficient for plasma membrane targeting of Ras proteins. EMBO J. 10:4033-4039.
17. Heidecker, G., W. Huleihel, J. L. Cleveland, W. Kolch. T. W. Beck, P. Lloyd, T. Pawson, and U. R. Rapp. 1990. Mutational activation of c-raf-1 and definition of the minimal transforming sequence. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:2503-2512.
18. Heidecker, G., W. Kolch, D. K. Morrison, and U. R. Rapp. 1992. The role of Raf-1 phosphorylation in signal transduction. Adv. Cancer Res. 58:53-73.
19. Hu, C., K. Kariya, M. A. Tamada, K. M. Shirouzu, S. Yokoyama, and T. Kataoka. 1995. Cysteine-rich region of Raf-1 interacts with activator domain of post-translationally modified Ha-Ras. J. Biol. Chem. 270:30274-30277.
20. Jelinek, T., P. Dent, T. W. Sturgill, and M. J. Weber. 1996. Ras-induced activation of Raf-1 is dependent on tyrosine phosphorylation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:1027-1034.
21. Kolch, W., G. Heidecker, G. Kochs, R. Hummel, H. Vahidi, H. Mischak, G. Finkenzeller, D. Marme, and U. R. Rapp. 1993. Protein kinase C activates Raf-1 by direct phosphorylation. Nature 364:249-252.
22. Kolodziej, P. A., and R. A. Young. 1991. Epitope tagging and protein surveillance. Methods Enzymol. 194:508-519.
23. Kyriakis, J. M., H. App, X.-F. Zhang, P. Banerjee, D. L. Brautigan. U. R. Rapp, and J. Avruch. 1992. Raf-1 activates MAP kinase-kinase. Nature 358:417-421.
24. Leevers, S. J., H. F. Paterson, and C. J. Marshall. 1994. Requirement for Ras in Raf activation is overcome by targeting Raf to the plasma membrane. Nature 369:411-414.
25. Luo, Z., G. Tzivion, P. J. Belshaw, M. S. Marshall, and M. S. Avruch. 1996. Oligomerization activates c-Raf-1 through a Ras-dependent mechanism. Nature 383:181-185.
26. MacDonald, S. G., C. M. Crews, L. Wu, J. Driller, R. Clark, R. L. Erikson, and F. McCormick. 1993. Reconstitution of the Raf-1-MEK-ERK signal transduction pathway in vitro. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:6615-6620.
27. Marais, R., Y. Light, H. F. Paterson, and C. J. Marshall. 1995. Ras recruits Raf-1 to the plasma membrane for activation by tyrosine phosphorylation. EMBO J. 14:3136-3145.
28. Marshall. M. S. 1995. Ras target proteins in eukaryotic cells. FASEB J. 9:1311-1318.
29. Miller. J., and R. N. Germain. 1986. Efficient cell surface expression of class II MHC molecules in the absence of associated invariant chain. J. Exp. Med. 164:1478-1489.
30. Mischak, H., T. Seitz, P. Janosch, M. Eulitz, H. Steen, M. Schellerer, A. Philipp, and W. Kolch. 1996, Negative regulation of Raf-1 by phosphorylation of serine 621. Mol. Cell. Biol 16:5409-5418.
31. Morgenstern, J. P., and H. Land. 1990. Advanced mammalian gene transfer: high titre retroviral vectors with multiple drug selection markers and a complementary helper-free packaging cell line. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:3587-3596.
32. Morrison, D. K. 1996. Mechanisms regulating Raf-1 activity in signal transduction pathways. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 42:507-514.
33. Morrison, D. K., G. Heidecker, U. R. Rapp, and T. D. Copeland. 1993. Identification of the major phosphorylation sites of the Raf-1 kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 268:17309-17316.
34. Muslin, A. J., J. W. Tanner. P. M. Allen, and A. S. Shaw. 1996. Interaction of 14-3-3 with signaling proteins is mediated by the recognition of phosphoserine. Cell 84:889-897.
35. Schramm, K., M. Niehof, G. Radziwill, C. Rommel, and K. Moelling. 1994. Phosphorylation of c-Raf-1 by protein kinase A interferes with activation. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 201:740-747.
36. Schulte, T. W., M. V. Blagosklonny, C. Ingui, and L. Neckers. 1995 Disruption of the Raf-1-Hsp90 molecular complex results in destabilizalion of Raf-1 and loss of Raf-1-Ras association. J. Biol. Chem. 270:24585-24588.
37. Songyang, Z., K. L. Carraway III, M. J. Eck, S. C. Harrison, R. A. Feldman, M. Mohammadi, J. Schlessinger, S. R. Hubhard, D. P. Smith, C. Eng, M. J. Lorenzo, B. A. J. Ponder, B. J. Mayer, and L. C. Cantley. 1995 Catalytic specificity of protein-tyrosine kinases is critical for selective signalling. Nature 373:536-539.
38. Stokoe, D., S. G. Macdonald, K. Cadwallader, M. Symons, and J. F. Hancock. 1994. Activation of Raf as a result of recruitment to the plasma membrane. Science 264:1463-1467.
39. Traverse, S., P. Cohen, H. Paterson, C. Marshall, U. Rapp, and R. J. Grand. 1993. Specific association of activated MAP kinase kinase kinase (Raf) with the plasma membranes of ras-transformed retinal cells. Oncogene 8:3175-3181.