Minor and trace element chemistry of Lake Baikal, its tributaries, and surrounding hot springs

Limnology and Oceanography

Volumn 42, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 329-345

  Falkner, K Kenison ^a   Church, M ^a,g   Measures, C I ^b   LeBaron, G ^c   Thouron, D ^c   Jeandel, C ^c   Stordal, M C ^d   Gill, G A ^d   Mortlock, R ^e   Froelich, P ^e,h   Chan, L H ^f  

^a OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII   (United States)

^c CNES   (France)

^d TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences   (United States)

^f LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^g VIRGINIA INSTITUTE OF MARINE SCIENCE   (United States)

^h GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030755130     PISSN: 00243590     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4319/lo.1997.42.2.0329     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. AFANASYEV, A. N. 1960. The water budget of Lake Baikal. Tr. Baikal Limnol. Sta. Akad. Nauk USSR 18: 155-241.
2. ARNORSSON, S. 1984. Germanium in Icelandic geothermal systems. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 48: 2489-2502.
3. BELOVA, V. A., B. F. LUT, L. P. LOGINOVA, AND G. K. KHURSEVICH. 1983. Sediment formation in Lake Baikal. Hydrobiologia 103: 281-285.
4. BERNER, K. B., AND R. A. BERNER. 1987. The global water cycle. Prentice-Hall.
5. BLOOM, N. 1989. Determination of picogram levels of methylmercury by aqueous phase ethylation, followed by cryogenic gas chromatography with cold vapour atomic fluoresence detection. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46: 1131-1140.
6. BOWERS, T. S., A. C. CAMPBELL, C. I. MEASURES, A. J. SPIVAK, M. KHADEM, AND J. M. EDMOND. 1988. Chemical controls on the composition of vent fluids at 13°-11°N, East Pacific Rise. J. Geophys. Res. 93: 4522-4536.
7. BOYLE, E. A., S. S. HUESTED, AND S. P. JONES. 1981. On the distribution of copper, nickel and cadmium in the surface waters of the North Atlantic and the North Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 86: 8048-8066.
8. BROOK, C. A., R. H. MARINER, D. R. MABEY, J. R. SWANSON, M. GUFFANTI, AND L. J. P. MUFFLER. 1978. Hydrothermal convection systems with reservoir temperatures ≥90°C, p. 18-85. In L. J. P. Muffler [ed.], Assessment of geothermal resources of the United States - 1978. U.S. Geol. Surv. Circ. 790.
9. BRULAND, K. W. 1983. Trace elements in sea-water, p. 157-220. In J. P. Riley and R. Chester [eds.], Chemical oceanography. 8. Academic.
10. CALLENDER, E., AND L. GRANINA. 1997. Geochemical mass balances of major elements in Lake Baikal. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42: 148-155.
11. CARMACK, E. C., AND R. F. WEISS. 1991. Convection in Lake Baikal: An example of thermobaric instability, p. 215-228. In P. C. Chu and J. C. Gascard [eds.], Deep convection and deep water formation in the oceans. Elsevier.
12. CHAN, L. H., J. M. EDMOND, AND G. THOMPSON. 1993. A lithium isotope study of hot springs and metabasalts from mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal systems. J. Geophys. Res. 98: 9653-9659.
13. _, _, _, AND K. GILLIS. 1992. Lithium isotopic composition of submarine basalts: Implications for the lithium cycle in the oceans. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 108: 151-160.
14. COLLIER, R. W. 1984. Particulate and dissolved vanadium in the North Pacific Ocean. Nature 309: 441-444.
15. COLMAN, S. M. 1992. Initial results of the U.S.-Soviet paleoclimate study of Lake Baikal. Eos 73: 457-462.
16. _, S. J. CARTER, J. HATTON, AND B. J. HASKELL. 1994. Cores collected in Lake Baikal, Siberia, by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1990 to 1992: Visual descriptions, photographs, X-radiographs, bulk density measurements and grain size analyses. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 94-445.
17. COSSA, D., AND J.-M. MARTIN. 1991. Mercury in the Rhone Delta and adjacent marine areas. Mar. Chem. 36: 291-302.
18. CRANE, K., B. HECKER, AND V. GOLUBEV. 1991a. Heat flow and hydrothermal vents in Lake Baikal, U.S.S.R. Eos 72: 585-589.
19. _, _, AND _. 1991b. Hydrothermal vents in Lake Baikal. Nature 350: 281.
20. DRISCOLL, C. T., C. YAN, C. L. SCHOFIELD, R. MUNSON, AND J. HOLSAPPLE. 1994. The mercury cycle and fish in the Adirondack Lakes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 28: 136-143.
21. EDGINGTON, D. N., J. A. ROBBINS, S. M. COLMAN, K. A. ORLANDINI, AND M.-P. GUSTIN. 1996. Uranium-series disequilibrium, sedimentation, diatom frustules, and paleoclimate change in Lake Baikal. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 142: 29-42.
22. FALKNER, K. K., C. I. MEASURES, S. E. HERBELIN, J. M. EDMOND, AND R. F. WEISS. 1991. The major and minor element geochemistry of Lake Baikal. Limnol. Oceanogr. 36: 413-423.
23. FITZGERALD, W. F., AND C. J. WATRAS. 1989. Mercury in surficial waters of rural Wisconsin lakes. Sci. Total Environ. 87/88: 223-232.
24. FLESCH, G. D., A. R. J. ANDERSON, AND H. J. SVEC. 1973. A secondary isotopic standard for Li determinations. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys. 12: 265-272.
25. FOUILLAC, C., AND G. MICHARD. 1981. Sodium/lithium ratio in water applied to geothermometry of geothermal reservoirs. Geothermics 10: 55-70.
26. FOURNIER, R. O. 1981. Application of water geochemistry to geothermal exploration and reservoir engineering. p. 109-143. In L. Rybach and L. J. P. Muffler [eds.], Geothermal systems: Principles and case histories. Wiley.
27. FROELICH, P. N., V. BLANK, R. A. MORTLOCK, S. N. CHILLRUD, W. DUNSTAN, A. UDOMKIT, AND T.-H. PENG. 1992. River fluxes of dissolved silica to the ocean were higher during glacials: Ge/Si in diatoms, rivers and oceans. Paleoceanography 7: 739-767.
28. _, G. A. HAMBRICK, M. O. ANDREAE, AND R. A. MORTLOCK. 1985. The geochemistry of inorganic germanium in natural waters. J. Geophys. Res. 90: 1133-1141.
29. _, R. A. MORTLOCK, AND A. SHEMESH. 1989. Inorganic germanium and silica in the Indian Ocean: Biological fractionation during (Ge/Si)-opal formation. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 3: 79-88.
30. GALAZII, G. 1990. Le Lac Baikal en sursis. La Recherche 21: 628-637.
31. GILL, G. A., AND K. W. BRULAND. 1990. Mercury speciation in surface freshwater systems in California and other areas. Environ. Sci. Techol. 24: 1392-1400.
32. _, AND W. F. FITZGERALD. 1987. Mercury in the surface waters of the open ocean. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 1: 199-212.
33. _, AND _. 1988. Vertical mercury distributions in the oceans. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 52: 1719-1728.
34. GOLUBEV, V. A. 1978. Vertical temperature gradients and static stability of the waters of Lake Baikal. Geofizika, Dokl. Akad. Nauk 239: 1309-1312.
35. GOLUBEV, V. A. 1984. The discovery of underwater hydrothermal signals in Baikal by method of continuous thermal profiling. Fizika Zemlii, Akad. Nauk SSSR 1: 104-107.
36. GRANINA, L. 1997. Studies of the chemical balance of Lake Baikal: A review. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42: 373-378.
37. JEANDEL, C., M. CAISSO, AND J.-F. MINSTER. 1987. Vanadium behavior in the global ocean and in the Mediterranean Sea. Mar. Chem. 21: 51-74.
38. _, AND J.-F. MINSTER. 1984. Isotopic dilution measurement of inorganic Cr(III) and total Cr in seawater. Mar. Chem. 14: 347-364.
39. _, AND _. 1987. Chromium behavior in the ocean: Global versus regional processes. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 1: 131-154.
40. JOHNSON, N. M., C. T. DRISCOLL, J. S. EATON, G. E. LIKENS, AND W. H. MCDOWELL. 1981. "Acid rain", dissolved aluminum and chemical weathering at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 45: 1421-1437.
41. KARL, D. M., J. R. CHRISTIAN, J. E. DORE, D. V. HEBEL, R. M. LETELIER, L. M. TUPAS, AND C. D. WINN. 1996. Seasonal and interannual variability in primary production and particle flux at station ALOHA. Deep-Sea Res. 43: 539-568.
42. KHARAKA, Y. K., AND R. H. MARINER. 1989. Chemical geothermometers and their application to formation waters from sedimentary basins, p. 99-117. In N. D. Naeser and T. H. McCulloh [eds.], Thermal history of sedimentary basins: Methods and case histories. Springer.
43. KILLWORTH, P. D., E. C. CARMACK, R. F. WEISS, AND R. MATEAR. 1995. Modeling deep water renewal in Lake Baikal. Limnol. Oceanogr. 41: 1521-1538.
44. KIPFER, R., W. AESCHBACH-HERTIG, M. HOFER, R. HOHMANN, D. M. IMBODEN, H. BAUR, V. GOLUBEV, AND J. KLERKX. 1996. Bottom water formation due to hydrothermal activity in Frolikha Bay, Lake Baikal, eastern Siberia. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 60: 961-971.
45. KOZHOV, M. 1963. Lake Baikal and its life. Monogr. Biol. Junk.
46. LEIBOVICH-GRANINA, L. Z. 1985. Iron and manganese in Lake Baikal water. Water Resour. 12: 370-379.
47. LIPMAN, P. W., N. A. LOGATCHEV, Y. A. ZORIN, C. E. CHAPIN, V. KOVALENKO, AND P. MORGAN. 1989. Intracontinental rift comparisons; Baikal and Rio Grande Rift systems. Eos 70: 578-588.
48. MAGENHEIM, A. J., A. J. SPIVAK, J. C. ALT, G. BAYHURST, L. H. CHAN, J. M. GIESKES, AND E. ZULEGER. 1995. Borehole fluid chemistry in Hole 504B, Leg 137: Formation water or in situ reaction? Proc. Ocean Drilling Prog. Sci. Results 137/140: 141-152.
49. MARING, H. B., AND R. A. DUCE. 1987. The impact of atmospheric aerosols on trace metal chemistry in open ocean surface water 1. Aluminum. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 84: 381-392.
50. MEASURES, C. I., AND J. M. EDMOND. 1989. Shipboard determination of aluminum at the nanomolar level by electron capture detection gas chromatography. Anal. Chem. 61: 544-547.
51. _, AND _. 1990. Aluminum in the South Atlantic: Steady state distribution of a short residence time element. J. Geophys. Res. 95: 5331-5340.
52. _, AND _. 1992. The distribution of aluminium in the Greenland Sea and its relationship to ventilation processes. J. Geophys. Res. 97: 17787-17800.
53. MICKLIN, P. P. 1967. The Baykal controversy: A resource use conflict in the U.S.S.R. Nat. Resour. J. 7: 485-498.
54. MORAN, S. B., AND R. M. MOORE. 1988. Temporal variations is dissolved and particulate aluminum during a spring bloom. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 27: 205-215.
55. MORIGUTI, T., AND E. NAKAMURA. 1993. Precise lithium isotopic analysis by thermal ionization mass spectrometry using lithium phosphate as an ion source material. Proc. Jpn. Acad. 69: 123-128.
56. MORTLOCK, R. A., AND P. N. FROELICH. 1989. A simple method for the rapid determination of biogenic opal in pelagic marine sediments. Deep-Sea. Res. 36: 1415-1426.
57. _, AND _. 1996. Determination of germanium by isotope-dilution hydride-generation inductively-coupled mass spectrometry. Anal. Chim. Acta. 332: 277-284.
58. _, _, R. A. FEELY, G. J. MASSOTH, D. A. BUTTERFIELD, AND J. E. LUPTON. 1993. Silica and germanium in Pacific Ocean hydrothermal vents and plumes. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 119: 365-378.
59. NEAL, C., R. A. SKEFFINGTON, R. WILLIAMS, AND D. J. ROBERTS. 1987. Aluminum solubility controls in acid waters: The need for a reappraisal. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 86: 105-112.
60. ORIANS, K. J., AND K. W. BRULAND. 1986. The biogeochemistry of aluminum in the Pacific Ocean. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 78: 397-410.
61. PLYUSNIN, G. S., G. P. SANIMIROVA, Y. A. PAKHOL'CHENKO, I. S. LOMONOSOV, AND Y. P. RZHECHITSKIIY. 1979. Origin of recent hydrothermal solutions of the Baykal Rift Zone according to isotope ratios. Geochem. Int. 1978, p. 83-90.
62. SEYFRIED, W. E. J., AND J. L. BISCHOFF. 1979. Low temperature basalt alteration by seawater: An experimental study at 70°C and 15°C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 43: 1937-1947.
63. SHEMESH, A., R. A. MORTLOCK, R. SMITH, AND P. N. FROELICH. 1988. Determination of Ge/Si in marine siliceous microfossils: Separation, cleaning and dissolution of diatoms and radiolaria. Mar. Chem. 25: 305-323.
64. SHERRELL, R. M., E. A. BOYLE, AND B. HAMELIN. 1988. Zinc, chromium, vanadium and iron in the Mediterranean Sea. Deep-Sea Res. 35: 1319-1334.
65. SOROKOVIKOVA, L. M., AND V. N. SINYUKOVICH. 1995. Human activities and quality of the waters of Baikal tributaries, p. 192-193. In 2nd Vereshchagin Baikal Conf. Irkutsk, Russia.
66. STORDAL, M. C., G. A. GILL, L.-S. WEN, AND P. H. SANTSCHI. 1996. Mercury phase speciation in the surface waters of three Texas estuaries: Importance of colloidal forms. Limnol. Oceanogr. 41: 52-61.
67. SUGIYAMA, M., T. HORI, S. KIHARA, AND M. MATSUI. 1992. A geochemical study on the specific distribution of barium in Lake Biwa, Japan. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56: 597-605.
68. TAPPONIER, P., AND P. MOLNAR. 1970. Active faulting and Cenozoic tectonics of the Tien Shan, Mongolia and Baykal regions. J. Geophys. Res. 84: 3425-3459.
69. VOTINTSEV, K. K. 1985. Main features of the hydrochemistry of Lake Baikal. Water Resour. 12: 106-116.
70. _. 1993. On the natural conditions of Lake Baikal in connection with the development of its water quality standard. Water Resour. [English translation Vodnye Resursy] 20: 523-532.
71. _, AND G. I. GALAZII. 1985. Role of deep groundwaters in the formation of Lake Baikal water quality. Water Resour. [English translation Vodnye Resursy] 12: 527-530.
72. _, I. V. GLAZUNOV, AND A. P. TOLMACHEVA. 1965. Hydrochemistry of the rivers of the basin of Lake Baikal. In G. I. Galazii [ed.], Limnological Institute Studies, v. 8. Izdatel'stvo, Nauka.
73. WEISS, R. F., E. C. CARMACK, AND V. M. KOROPALOV. 1991. Deep water renewal and biological production in Lake Baikal. Nature 349: 665-669.
74. You, C. F., AND L. H. CHAN. 1996. Precise determination of lithium isotopic composition in low concentration natural samples. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 60: 909-915.