Submarine hydrothermal brine seeps off Milos, Greece: Observations and geochemistry

Marine Chemistry

Volumn 57, Issue 3-4, 1997, Pages 325-340

  Fitzsimons, M F ^a   Dando, P R ^b   Hughes, J A ^c   Thiermann, F ^d   Akoumianaki, I ^e   Pratt, S M ^a  

^a THE LABORATORY   (United Kingdom)

^b INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY   (Greece)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG   (Germany)

^d MIDDLESEX UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^e BANGOR UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Brine seeps; Geothermal reservoir; Geothermometer; Hydrothermal; Milos; Pore waters; Transect

Indexed keywords

BRINE SEEP; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; GEOCHEMISTRY; HOT BRINES; HYDROTHERMAL FLUID; HYDROTHERMAL FLUIDS; HYDROTHERMAL ORGANISMS; SALINITY;

MEDITERRANEAN SEA, AEGEAN SEA;

EID: 0030750818     PISSN: 03044203     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4203(97)00021-2     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Bowers, T.S., Campbell, A.C., Measures, C.I., Spivack, A.J., Khadem, M., Edmond, J., 1988. Chemical controls on the composition of vent fluids at 13°-11°N and 21°N East Pacific Rise. J. Geophys. Res. 93, 4522-4536.
2. 3. Mar. Chem. 31, 35-62.
3. Cline, J.D., 1969. Spectrophotometric determination of hydrogen sulphide in natural waters. Limnol. Oceanogr. 14, 141-152.
4. Dal Pont, G., Hogan, M., Newell, B., 1974. Laboratory techniques in marine chemistry. II. Determination of ammonia in seawater and the preservation of samples for nitrate analysis. Commonwealth Sci. Indust. Res. Org., Div. Fish. Oceanogr. Rep., 55, 8 pp.
5. Dando, P.R., Austen, M.C., Burke, R.J., Kendall, M.A., Kennicutt, M.C., Judd, A.G., Moore, D.C., O'Hara, S.C.M., Schmaljohann, R., Southward, A.J., 1991. Ecology of a North Sea pockmark with an active methane seep. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 70, 49-63.
6. Dando, P.R., Hughes, J.A., Leahy, Y., Niven, S.J., Taylor, L.J., Smith, C., 1995a. Gas venting from submarine hydrothermal areas around the island of Milos in the Hellenic Volcanic Arc. Cont. Shelf Res. 15, 913-929.
7. Dando, P.R., Hughes, J.A., Thiermann, F., 1995b. Preliminary observations on biological communities at shallow hydrothermal vents in the Aegean Sea. In: Parson, L.M., Walker, C.L., Dixon, D.L. (Eds.), Hydrothermal Vents and Processes. Spec. Publ. Geol. Soc. London 87, 303-317.
8. De Lange, G.J., Middelburg, J.J., Van der Weijden, C.H., Catalano, G., Luther, G.W., Hydes, D.J., Woittiez, J.R.W., Klinkhammer, G.P., 1990. Composition of anoxic hypersaline brines in the Tyro and Bannock Basins, eastern Mediterranean. Mar. Chem. 31, 63-88.
9. Edmond, J.M., Measures, C., McDuff, R.E., Chan, L.H., Collier, R., Grant, B., Gordon, L.J., Corliss, J.B., 1979. Ridge crest hydrothermal activity and the balances of the major and minor elements in the ocean: The Galapagos data. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 46, 1-18.
10. Ferguson, J., Lambert, I.B., 1972. Volcanic exhalations and metal enrichments at Matupi Harbor New Britain. T.P.N.G. Econ. Geol. 67, 25-37.
11. Fournier, R.O., 1979. A revised equation for the Na/K geothermometer. Geotherm. Resour. Counc. Trans. 3, 221-224.
12. Fournier, R.O., Truesdell, A.H., 1973. An empirical Na-K-Ca geothermometer for natural waters. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 37, 1255-1275.
13. Fricke, H., Giere, O., Steuer, K., Alfredsson, G.A., Kristjansson, J.K., Stoffers, P., Svarsson, J., 1989. Hydrothermal vent communities at the shallow subpolar Mid-Atlantic ridge. Mar. Biol. 102, 425-429.
14. Fytikas, M., 1977. Geological and Geothermal Study of Milos Island. I.G.M.R. Vol. XVII. No. 1.
15. Fytikas, M., 1989. Updating of the geological and geothermal research on Milos island. Geothermics 18, 485-496.
16. Fytikas, M., Innocenti, F., Manetti, P., Mazzuoli, R., Peccerillo, A., Villari, L., 1984. Tertiary to Quaternary evolution of volcanism in the Aegean region. In: Dixon, J.E., Robertson, A.H.F. (Eds.), The Geological Evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ. 17, 687-699.
17. Fytikas, M., Innocenti, F., Kolios, N., Manetti, P., Mazzuoli, R., Poli, G., Rita, F., Villari, L., 1986. Volcanology and petrology of volcanic products from the island of Milos and neighbouring islets. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 28, 297-317.
18. Gundersen, J.K., Jorgensen, B.B., Larsen, E., Jannasch, H.W., 1992. Mats of giant sulphur bacteria on deep-sea sediments due to fluctuating hydrothermal flow. Nature 360, 454-456.
19. Henley, R.W., Truesdell, H., Barton, P.B. Jr., Whitney, J.A., 1984. Fluid-mineral equilibria in hydrothermal systems. Rev. Econ. Geol. 1, 267.
20. Hoaki, T., Nishijima, M., Miyashita, H., Maruyama, T., 1995. Dense community of hyperthermophilic sulfur-dependent heterotrophs in a geothermally heated shallow submarine biotope near Kodakara-Jima Island Kagoshima, Japan. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61, 1931-1937.
21. Hirn, A., Sachpazi, M., Nercessian, A., 1989. Elements for a model of the geothermal field of Milos from seismological data. Geothermics 18, 579-595.
22. Jacq, E., Geesey, G., Prieur, D., 1987. Étude préliminaire des communautés bactériennes d'un site hydrothermal côtier (White-Point Californe, USA). Vie Milieu 37, 59-66.
23. Jannasch, H.W., Nelson, D.C., Wirsen, C.O., 1989. Massive natural occurrence of unusually large bacteria (Beggiatoa sp.) at a hydrothermal deep-sea vent site. Nature 342, 834-836.
24. Jochimsen, B., Peinemann-Simon, Völker, H., Stuben, D., Botz, R., Stoffers, P., Dando, P.R., Thomm, M. 1997. Stetteria hydrogenophilia, gen. nov. and sp. nov., a novel obligate mixotrophic sulphur-dependent Crenarchaeon isolated from Milos, Greece. Extremophiles, in press.
25. Jongsma, D., Fortuin, A.R., Huson, W., Troelstra, S.R., Klaver, G.T., Peters, J.M., van Harten, D., de Lange, G.J., Ten Haven, H.L., 1983. Discovery of an anoxie basin within the Strabo Trench, eastern Mediterranean. Nature 305, 795-797.
26. Juniper, S.K., Martineu, P., Sarrazin, J., Gélinas, Y., 1995. Microbial-mineral floe associated with nascent hydrothermal activity on CoAxial Segment Juan de Fuca Ridge. Geophys. Res. Lett. 22, 179-182.
27. Kamenev, G.M., Fadeev, V.l., Selin, N.I., Tarasov, V.G., Malakehov, V.V., 1993. Composition and distribution of macro- and meiobenthos around sublittoral hydrothermal vents in the Bay of Plenty New Zealand, NZ. J. Mar. Res. 27, 407-418.
28. Liakopoulos, A., Athanassios, K., Markopoulos, T., Boulegue, J., 1991. A mineralogical, pétrographie and geochemical study of samples from wells in the geothermal field of Milos island (Greece). Geothermics 20 (4), 237-256.
29. Luther, G.W., Catalano, G., De Lange, G.J., Woittiez, J.R.W., 1990. [Reduced sulphur in the hypersaline anoxic basins of the Mediterranean Sea] Mar. Chem. 31, 137-152.
30. Makropoulos, T.. Katerinopulos, A., 1986. [Die alunit-vorkommen von Milos (Griechenland): Mineralbestand und genese] Chem Erde 45, 105-112.
31. National Research Council, Division of Medical Science, subcommitee on hydrogen sulfide. 1979. Hydrogen Sulfide. University Press, Baltimore, 183 pp.
32. Olafsson, J., 1983. Determination of trace metals. In: Grasshoff, K., Ehrhardt, M., Kremling, K. (Eds.), Methods of Seawater Analysis, 2nd ed. Verlag Chemie GmbH, Weinheim, pp. 239-241.
33. Olafsson, J., Honjo, S., Thors, K., Stefânsson, U., Jones, R.R., Ballard, R.D., 1988. Initial observations, bathymetry and photography of a geothermal site on the Kolbeinsey Ridge. In: Ayala-Castanares, A., Wooster, W., Yânez-Arancibia, A. (Editors), JOA Mexico 1988. Univ. Nac. Autonotna Mexico, Ciudad Univ., Mexico, pp. 121-127.
34. Parsons, T.R., Maita, Y., Lalli, C.M., 1984. A Manual of Chemical and Biological Methods for Seawater Analysis. Pergamon, London.
35. Sawyer, C., McCarty, P.L., Parkin, G.F., 1994. Chemistry For Environmental Engineering, 4th ed. McGraw Hill.
36. Scientific staff of Cruise Bannock 1984-12, 1985. Gypsum precipitation from cold brines in an anoxic basin in the eastern Mediterranean. Nature 314, 152-154.
37. Sorokin, D.Y., 1991. Oxidation of reduced sulphur compounds in volcanic regions of in the Bay of Plenty (New Zealand) and Matupy Harbour (New Britain, Papua New Guinea). Proc. of the USSR Academy of Science. Series Biological, Vol. 3, pp. 376-387, in Russian.
38. Southward, A.J., Southward, E.G., Dando, P.R., Hughes, J.A., Kennicut II, M.C., Alcada-Herrera, J., Leahy, Y., 1997. Behaviour and feeding of the Nassariid gastropod Cyclope neritea, abundant at hydrothermal brine seeps off Milos (Aegean Sea). J. Mar. Biol. Assoc., in press.
39. Stein, J.L., 1984. Subtidal gastropods consume sulphur-oxidising bacteria: Evidence from coastal hydrothermal vents. Science 223, 696-698.
40. Stuben, D., Sedwick, P., Colantoni, P., 1996. Geochemistry of submarine warm springs in the limestone cavern of Grotta Azzurra, Capo Palinuro, Italy: Evidence for mixing zone dolomitization. Chem. Geol. 131, 113-125.
41. Tarasov, V.G., Propp, M.V., Propp, L.N., Zhirmunsky, A.V., Namsaraev, B.B., Gorlenko, V.M., Starynin, D.A., 1990. Shallow-water gasohydrothermal vents of Ushishir Volcano and the ecosystem of Kraternaya Bight (The Kurile Islands). Mar. Ecol. 11, 1-23.
42. Thibodeaux, L.J., Boyle, J.D., 1987. Bedform-generated convective transport in bottom sediment. Nature 325, 341-343.
43. Thiermann, F., Windoffer, R., Giere, O., 1994. Selected meiofauna around shallow water hydrothermal vents off Milos (Greece): Ecological and ultrastructural aspects. Vie Milieu 44, 215-226.
44. Thiermann, F., Akoumianaki, I., Hughes, A., Giere, O., 1996. The benthic fauna of a shallow water gasohydrothermal vent area in the Aegean Sea (Milos, Greece). Mar. Biol., in press.
45. Trager, G.C.. de Niro, M.J., 1990. Chemoautotrophic sulphur bacteria as a food source for molluscs at intertidal hydrothermal vents: Evidence from stable isotopes. Veliger 33, 359-362.
46. Varnavas, S., Cronan, D.S., Anderson, R.K., 1990. Spatial and time series analysis of Santorini hydrothermal waters. In: Hardy, D.A., Doumas, C.G., Sakelarakis, J.A., Warren, P.M. (Eds.), Thera and the Aegean World, Vol. 3. The Thera Foundation, London, pp. 312-324.
47. Varnavas, S.P., Cronan, D.S., 1991. Hydrothermal metallogenic processes off the islands of Nisiros and Kos in the Hellenic Volcanic Arc. Mar. Geol. 99, 109-133.
48. Von Damn, K.L., 1988. Systematics of and postulated controls on submarine hydrothermal solution chemistry. J. Geophys. Res. 93, 4551-4561.
49. Von Damn, K.L., 1990. Seafloor hydrothermal activity: Black smoker chemistry and chimneys. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 18, 173-204.
50. Von Damn, K.L., Edmond, J.M., Grant, B., Measures, C.I., Waiden, B., Weiss, R.F., 1985a. Chemistry of hydrothermal solutions at 21°N East Pacific Rise. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49, 2197-2237.
51. Von Damn, K.L., Edmond, J.M., Measures, C.I., Grant, B., 1985b. Chemistry of submarine hydrothermal solutions at Guaymas Basin Gulf of California. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49, 2220-2221.
52. Von Damn, K.L., Bischoff, J.L., 1987. Chemistry of hydrothermal solutions from the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge. J. Geophys. R. 92 (B11). 11334-11346.
53. Vrouzi, F., 1985. Research and development of geothermal resources in Greece: Present status and future prospects. Geothermics 14, 213-227.